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Division of plant life
Red algae, or Rhodophyta (/roʊˈdɒfɪtə/, /ˌroʊdəˈfaɪtə/; from Ancient Greek ῥόδον (rhódon) 'rose' and φυτόν (phutón) 'plant'), make up one of the oldest
Red_algae
Diverse group of photosynthetic organisms
phaeophyceae (brown algae) have secondary chloroplasts derived from indirectly endosymbiont red algae or green algae. Most algae are single-celled organisms
Algae
Population explosion of organisms that can kill marine life
A harmful algal bloom (HAB), or excessive algae growth, sometimes called a red tide in marine environments, is an algal bloom that causes negative impacts
Harmful_algal_bloom
Species of fish
only known fish species to consume red algae, including ‘black brush’ or ‘beard’ algae. Closely related is the red algae-eater Crossocheilus langei, a species
Siamese_algae-eater
Algae that can be used for culinary purposes
belong to one of several groups of multicellular algae: the red algae, green algae, and brown algae. Seaweeds are also harvested or cultivated for the
Edible_seaweed
Large group of multicellular algae, comprising the class Phaeophyceae
Brown algae belong to the Stramenopiles, a clade of eukaryotic organisms belonging to the SAR supergroup, and are thus not closely related to red algae, green
Brown_algae
Algae-eating species of animals, such as fish
one of the only fish that will graze on "black brush algae" (freshwater Rhodophyta, or red algae), but even so will eat anything else in preference. Fishes
Algae_eater
Paraphyletic group of eukaryotes
The green algae (sing.: green alga) are a group of chlorophyll-containing autotrophic algae consisting of the phylum Prasinodermophyta and its unnamed
Green_algae
Order of algae (Corallinales)
Coralline algae are red algae in the order Corallinales, characterized by a thallus containing calcareous deposits within its cell walls, giving it hardness
Coralline_algae
Division of algae
sister taxa Rhodophyta (red algae) and Viridiplantae/Chloroplastida (green algae and land plants), they form the primary algae clade Archaeplastida. The
Glaucophyte
Aquatic, unicellular protists with two flagella
derived from secondary endosymbiosis of red algae, however dinoflagellates with plastids derived from green algae and tertiary endosymbiosis of diatoms
Dinoflagellate
Eukaryotes other than animals, plants or fungi
opisthosporidians) were traditionally classified as protists, and some algae (particularly red and green algae) were lumped with plants. According to the current consensus
Protist
cultivated within algae scrubbers. Few algae, such as marimo or red moss, are sought after for aquascaping in freshwater aquaria. Green algae respond strongly
Freshwater_aquarium_algae
Phylum of photosynthesising prokaryotes
name, blue-green algae. Cyanobacteria are the first organisms known to have produced oxygen. Their photopigments can absorb the red- and blue-spectrum
Cyanobacteria
Domain of life whose cells have nuclei
six eukaryotic lineages: animals, symbiomycotan fungi, brown algae, red algae, green algae, and land plants. Eukaryotes are grouped by genomic similarities
Eukaryote
Single-celled organisms
motility and predation, and lack a cell wall, as found in plants and many algae. This classification remained widespread in the 19th and early 20th century
Protozoa
Japanese dessert
made of small cubes of agar jelly, a white translucent jelly made from red algae. The agar is dissolved with water (or fruit juice such as apple juice)
Anmitsu
Edible seaweed species of the red algae genus Pyropia
edible seaweed used in Japanese cuisine, usually made from species of the red algae genus Pyropia, including P. yezoensis and P. tenera. It has a strong and
Nori
Clade of eukaryotes containing land plants and some algae
Viridiplantae (green algae and land plants) and Rhodophyta (red algae), as well as the minor basal division Glaucophyta ("grey algae"). While the vast majority
Archaeplastida
the diatoms, golden algae, haptophytes (coccoliths), silicoflagellates, tintinnids (ciliates), dinoflagellates, green algae, red algae, heliozoans, radiolarians
Protists_in_the_fossil_record
Kingdom of organisms
energy from other organisms. Except for glaucophytes, some green algae and a few red algae, most plants are multicellular. Historically, as in Aristotle's
Plant
Eukaryotic supergroup that comprises stramenopiles, alveolates and rhizarians
believed to have acquired plastids through secondary endosymbiosis of red algae through a common ancestor. Meanwhile, Rhizaria was traditionally considered
SAR_supergroup
Proposed eukaryotic kingdom
ancestor already possessed chloroplasts derived by endosymbiosis from red algae, all non-photosynthetic Chromista have secondarily lost the ability to
Chromista
Group including fungi, animals and various protozoa
cell genomics reveals plastid-lacking Picozoa are close relatives of red algae" (PDF). Nature Communications. 12 (1). doi:10.1038/s41467-021-26918-0
Amorphea
Phylum of marine unicellular heterotrophic eukaryotes
detected phycobiliproteins. In red algae, for example, these proteins occur as pigments. But in this newly discovered group of algae, the phycobiliproteins appear
Picozoa
Group of single-celled microbes
Katablepharidida Cryptomonada Archaeplastida (plants sensu lato) Picozoa Rhodophyta (red algae) Rhodelphidia Glaucophyta Viridiplantae (green plants or plants sensu
Discoba
Group of protists
Katablepharidida Cryptomonada Archaeplastida (plants sensu lato) Picozoa Rhodophyta (red algae) Rhodelphidia Glaucophyta Viridiplantae (green plants or plants sensu
Breviatea
Plant organelle that conducts photosynthesis
membranes of the chloroplast. All secondary chloroplasts come from green and red algae. No secondary chloroplasts from glaucophytes have been observed, probably
Chloroplast
Biological kingdom
multicellular, and aerobic, as are plants and fungi. Unlike plants and algae, which produce their own food, animals cannot produce their own food, a
Animal
Clade of eukaryotes
single-celled, but some are multicellular including some large seaweeds, the brown algae. The group includes a variety of algal protists, heterotrophic flagellates
Stramenopile
Taxonomic group of slime molds
Katablepharidida Cryptomonada Archaeplastida (plants sensu lato) Picozoa Rhodophyta (red algae) Rhodelphidia Glaucophyta Viridiplantae (green plants or plants sensu
Eumycetozoa
Group of microorganisms with two flagella
Katablepharidida Cryptomonada Archaeplastida (plants sensu lato) Picozoa Rhodophyta (red algae) Rhodelphidia Glaucophyta Viridiplantae (green plants or plants sensu
Apusomonad
Species of freshwater red algae
Caloglossa beccarii, known as red moss, is a species of red algae that may live in freshwater or brackish environments. While rare, it is sometimes found
Caloglossa_beccarii
Clade of eukaryotes
heterotrophic flagellates closely related to red algae: rhodelphids and picozoans. Embryophytes, green algae and red algae all evolved multicellular forms and
Diaphoretickes
Katablepharidida Cryptomonada Archaeplastida (plants sensu lato) Picozoa Rhodophyta (red algae) Rhodelphidia Glaucophyta Viridiplantae (green plants or plants sensu
Shuiyousphaeridium
Plant cell organelles that perform photosynthesis and store starch
1.5 billion years ago in the Archaeplastida clade—land plants, red algae, green algae and glaucophytes—probably with a cyanobiont, a symbiotic cyanobacteria
Plastid
Genus of algae
Pneophyllum is a genus of multicellular red algae in the family Corallinaceae and subfamily Chamberlainoideae. This genus includes the following species:
Pneophyllum
Polish-American biologist (1935–2021)
longstanding interest in light-harvesting complexes in cyanobacteria and red algae called phycobilisomes. He had also spent more than 10 years working on
Alexander_Glazer
Species of bacterium
indigestible to people lacking P. plebius. Rhodophyta, the phylum of red algae, has a cell wall composed of sulfated galactans. Agarans, a main component
Phocaeicola_plebeius
Milk-based dessert from Scotland and Ireland
Hebrides) and Ireland. Chondrus crispus, or carrageen moss, a type of red algae widely found on the coasts of these countries, is added to boiled milk
Carrageen_pudding
Taxonomic rank
had placed the blue-green algae (or Phycochromacea) in Monera; this would gradually gain acceptance, and the blue-green algae would become classified as
Kingdom_(taxonomy)
Species of gastropod
is a herbivore that feeds on brown algae, but its close relative A. californica feeds almost exclusively on red algae. This difference in food sources likely
Aplysia_vaccaria
Clade of archaeplastids including green algae and the land plants
plants as understood traditionally. Together with Rhodophyta (red algae), Glaucophyta (grey algae) and other basal groups such as the phagotrophic Rhodelphidia
Viridiplantae
Process of forming the first eukaryotic cell
molecular timescale for eukaryote evolution with implications for the origin of red algal-derived plastids". Nature Communications. 12 (1): 1879. Bibcode:2021NatCo
Eukaryogenesis
Clade of eukaryotes
Katablepharidida Cryptomonada Archaeplastida (plants sensu lato) Picozoa Rhodophyta (red algae) Rhodelphidia Glaucophyta Viridiplantae (green plants or plants sensu
CAM_(clade)
Group of alpine and polar freshwater algae
Snow algae are a group of freshwater micro-algae that grow in the alpine and polar regions of the Earth. Snow algae have been found on every continent
Snow_algae
Clade of protists
the dinoflagellates, the Colpodellida and the heterokont algae acquired their plastids from a red alga with evidence of a common origin of this organelle
Alveolate
Phylum of single-celled organisms
droplets, keeping them buoyant. The radiolarian can often contain symbiotic algae, especially zooxanthellae, which provide most of the cell's energy. Some
Radiolaria
Series of stages of an organism
term life history is often used, particularly for organisms such as the red algae which have three multicellular stages (or more), rather than two. Life
Biological_life_cycle
Organism belonging to kingdom Fungi
groups (such as ferns and mosses) produce spores. Similar to mosses and algae, fungi typically have haploid nuclei. With euglenoids and bacteria: Higher
Fungus
Family of algae
Bonnemaisoniaceae is a family of red algae in the order Bonnemaisoniales. Media related to Bonnemaisoniaceae at Wikimedia Commons v t e
Bonnemaisoniaceae
Genus of protists
John M. (2018-04-20). "Comparative mitochondrial genomics of cryptophyte algae: gene shuffling and dynamic mobile genetic elements". BMC Genomics. 19 (1):
Palpitomonas
that are undesirable in aquaria (eg: black beard algae) or other photosynthetic organisms (golden algae, diatoms, cyanobacteria) that have variable desirability
List of freshwater aquarium plant species
List_of_freshwater_aquarium_plant_species
Division or phylum of fungi
and is followed by meiosis. A similar sexual cycle is present in the red algae (Rhodophyta). A discarded hypothesis held that a second karyogamy event
Ascomycota
Clade of protists
Katablepharidida Cryptomonada Archaeplastida (plants sensu lato) Picozoa Rhodophyta (red algae) Rhodelphidia Glaucophyta Viridiplantae (green plants or plants sensu
CRuMs
Coralline red algae
Maerl (also rhodolith) is a collective name for non-geniculate coralline red algae with a certain growth habit. Maerl grows at a rate of c. 1 mm per year
Maerl
Class of parasitic alveolates
Katablepharidida Cryptomonada Archaeplastida (plants sensu lato) Picozoa Rhodophyta (red algae) Rhodelphidia Glaucophyta Viridiplantae (green plants or plants sensu
Squirmid
Phylum of amoeboid protists
planktonic, have unicellular algae as endosymbionts, from diverse lineages such as the green algae, red algae, golden algae, diatoms, and dinoflagellates
Foraminifera
Phylum of aquatic animals
for algal digestion. It appears to eat the fats and other lipids of the algae and provide its host with vitamins and amino acids in return. The Placozoa
Placozoa
Group of amoebae closely related to fungi
faeces. They are free-living phagotrophic predators that mostly consume algae and bacteria. Nucleariids are characterized by simple, spherical or flattened
Nucleariid
Fungus-like eukaryotic microorganism
latter are now grouped with the stramenopiles (which include some types of algae). The Oomycota have a very sparse fossil record; a possible oomycete has
Oomycete
Proposed clade containing the Amorphea
Katablepharidida Cryptomonada Archaeplastida (plants sensu lato) Picozoa Rhodophyta (red algae) Rhodelphidia Glaucophyta Viridiplantae (green plants or plants sensu
Podiata
Subclade of green plants, also known as land plants
common ancestry with freshwater green algae, having emerged within the Phragmoplastophyta clade of charophyte algae as a sister clade of Charophyceae, Coleochaetophyceae
Embryophyte
Phylum of parasitic alveolates
chloroplasts of dinoflagellates, and evidence points to an origin from red algae rather than green. Within this phylum are four groups — coccidians, gregarines
Apicomplexa
Phylum of microbes in Provora
Katablepharidida Cryptomonada Archaeplastida (plants sensu lato) Picozoa Rhodophyta (red algae) Rhodelphidia Glaucophyta Viridiplantae (green plants or plants sensu
Nibblerid
Group of algae and colorless flagellates
cryptophytes) are a group of algae and colorless flagellates, most of which have plastids. They are traditionally considered a division of algae among phycologists
Cryptomonad
Group of single-celled organisms
Katablepharidida Cryptomonada Archaeplastida (plants sensu lato) Picozoa Rhodophyta (red algae) Rhodelphidia Glaucophyta Viridiplantae (green plants or plants sensu
Obazoa
Red-colored seep of saltwater flowing from Taylor Glacier in Antarctica
that bears his name. The Antarctica pioneers first attributed the red color to red algae, but later it was proven to be due to iron oxides. Poorly soluble
Blood_Falls
Group of eukaryotes considered the closest living relatives of animals
the fact that, in early evolutionary history, choanoflagellates consumed algae as food through phagocytosis. Carr et al. (2010) screened the M. brevicollis
Choanoflagellate
Genus of red algae
Uedaea onoi is a species of foliose red algae of the family Bangiaceae. It is the only species in its genus Uedaea. Michael D. Guiry (2024). "Uedaea J
Uedaea
Clade of eukaryotes
Katablepharidida Cryptomonada Archaeplastida (plants sensu lato) Picozoa Rhodophyta (red algae) Rhodelphidia Glaucophyta Viridiplantae (green plants or plants sensu
Pancryptista
Group of calcareous microfossils
Botanical Nomenclature (currently the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants or ICNafp). The first descriptions of organisms now assigned
Calcitarch
Genus of algae
Choreocolax is a genus of red algae in the order Ceramiales Contributiones ad algologiam et fungologiam. PF Reinsch, 1875 v t e
Choreocolax
Genus of unicellular archaeplastids
in aquatic environments and is the sister group to red algae and possibly Picozoa. While red algae have no flagellated stages and are generally photoautotrophic
Rhodelphis
Phylum of protozoa
Katablepharidida Cryptomonada Archaeplastida (plants sensu lato) Picozoa Rhodophyta (red algae) Rhodelphidia Glaucophyta Viridiplantae (green plants or plants sensu
Heterolobosea
Macroscopic marine algae
of species of macroscopic, multicellular, marine algae. The term includes some types of Rhodophyta (red), Phaeophyta (brown) and Chlorophyta (green) macroalgae
Seaweed
Genus of single-celled organisms
staining on unconcentrated fecal smears can be used to stain the oocysts red or bright yellow, but oocysts have the ability to appear as "ghost" cells
Cryptosporidium
Possible Palaeoproterozoic multicellular fossils from Gabon
Katablepharidida Cryptomonada Archaeplastida (plants sensu lato) Picozoa Rhodophyta (red algae) Rhodelphidia Glaucophyta Viridiplantae (green plants or plants sensu
Francevillian_biota
Class of single-celled organisms
The Cryptophyceae are a class of algae, most of which have plastids. About 230 species are known, and they are common in freshwater, and also occur in
Cryptophyceae
Group of flagellates
more closely related to the Archaeplastida clade, which includes red algae, green algae, plants, glaucophytes and biliphytes. Within katablepharids, Roombia
Katablepharid
Terrestrial plants that lack vascular tissue
considered part of the liverworts). G.M. Smith placed this group between Algae and Pteridophyta. Although a 2005 study supported this traditional monophyletic
Bryophyte
Subphylum of red algae
Proteorhodophytina is a subdivision of red algae containing unicellular, pseudofilamentous, and filamentous photosynthetic eukaryotes. Class Compsopogonophyceae
Proteorhodophytina
Proposed superkingdom
supergroups:[citation needed] Plantae, or Archaeplastida (land plants, red algae, green algae, and glaucophytes) Chromalveolata (a polyphyletic group including
Corticata
Genus of protists
Katablepharidida Cryptomonada Archaeplastida (plants sensu lato) Picozoa Rhodophyta (red algae) Rhodelphidia Glaucophyta Viridiplantae (green plants or plants sensu
Glissandra
Unicellular organism in the genus Kamera
Katablepharidida Cryptomonada Archaeplastida (plants sensu lato) Picozoa Rhodophyta (red algae) Rhodelphidia Glaucophyta Viridiplantae (green plants or plants sensu
Kamera_lens
Species of alga
(Vertebrata lanosa; Polysiphonia fastigiata) is a common species of the red algae (Rhodophyta) often to be found growing on Ascophyllum nodosum. The thalli
Polysiphonia_lanosa
Species of alga
Acanthophora spicifera is a species of marine red algae in the family Rhodomelaceae. The geographical distribution of Acanthophora spicifera includes:
Acanthophora_spicifera
Clade of opisthokont eukaryotes
Katablepharidida Cryptomonada Archaeplastida (plants sensu lato) Picozoa Rhodophyta (red algae) Rhodelphidia Glaucophyta Viridiplantae (green plants or plants sensu
Choanozoa
Thickening agent used in microbiology and food
species of red algae (phylum Rhodophyta) primarily from the Gracilaria genus (Irish moss, ogonori) and the Gelidiaceae family (tengusa). These algae are known
Agar
Genus of algae
Goniotrichum is a disputed genus of red algae in the monotypic order Goniotrichales and class Bangiophyceae. If accepted, Goniotrichum contains four species
Goniotrichum
Katablepharidida Cryptomonada Archaeplastida (plants sensu lato) Picozoa Rhodophyta (red algae) Rhodelphidia Glaucophyta Viridiplantae (green plants or plants sensu
Tappania
Type of algae
Haptophytina, Haptophyta or Prymnesiophyta (named for Prymnesium), are a clade of algae that can produce minerals. The names Haptophyceae or Prymnesiophyceae are
Haptophyte
Theoretical clade in the Eukaryota taxonomical domain
Katablepharidida Cryptomonada Archaeplastida (plants sensu lato) Picozoa Rhodophyta (red algae) Rhodelphidia Glaucophyta Viridiplantae (green plants or plants sensu
Scotokaryotes
Class of algae
Florideophyceae is a class of exclusively multicellular red algae. They were once thought to be the only algae to bear pit connections, but these have since been
Florideophyceae
Group of eukaryotes which includes animals and fungi, among other groups
Katablepharidida Cryptomonada Archaeplastida (plants sensu lato) Picozoa Rhodophyta (red algae) Rhodelphidia Glaucophyta Viridiplantae (green plants or plants sensu
Opisthokont
Form genus of cuticle-like fossils
comprising cuticle-like fossils. Some of its constituents likely represent red algae, whereas others resemble lichens. Nematothallus was first described by
Nematothallus
Phylum of single-celled organisms
Griessmann in 1913 from crude cultures of the green alga Ulva and of red algae off the coast of Roscoff and Naples. Eighty years later, in 1993, American
Telonemid
Genus of algae
Polysiphonia, known as red hair algae, is a genus of filamentous red algae with about 19 species on the coasts of the British Isles and about 200 species
Polysiphonia
Miocene geological sedimentary formation in California
Formation contains some of the few examples of fossilized non-calcareous algae in the world, which tend to be preserved in diatomite. Ellwood Oil Field
Monterey_Formation
Genus of protists
shape and not the taxon of the prey and there is no preference for green algae over diatoms for example). More specifically Condylostoma seems to prefer
Condylostoma
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