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Clade of eukaryotes
The stramenopiles, also called heterokonts, are protists distinguished by the presence of stiff tripartite external hairs. In most species, the hairs
Stramenopile
Eukaryotic supergroup that comprises stramenopiles, alveolates and rhizarians
diverse clade of eukaryotes, often considered a supergroup, that includes stramenopiles (heterokonts), alveolates, and rhizarians. It is a node-based taxon
SAR_supergroup
Phylum of algae
stramenochromes, are a phylum of algae. They are the photosynthetic stramenopiles, a group of eukaryotes, organisms with a cell nucleus, characterized
Ochrophyte
Clade of protists
a major clade within Eukaryota. They are currently grouped with the Stramenopiles and Rhizaria among the protists with tubulocristate mitochondria into
Alveolate
Tubular "hairs" that cover the flagella of algae and assist in movement
euglenid flagellates, while stiff hairs occur in stramenopile and cryptophyte protists. Stramenopile hairs are approximately 15 nm in diameter, and usually
Mastigoneme
Genus of flagellates
is the only genus of the family Pseudophyllomitidae, located in the stramenopile clade MAST-6 along with the genera Mastreximonas and Vomastramonas. This
Pseudophyllomitus
Genus of single-celled organisms
microorganism discovered in 2015 to be the earliest diverging lineage of the stramenopile phylogenetic tree. It is the only member of the family Platysulcidae
Platysulcus
Biological kingdom
Metamonada Discoba Diaphoretickes Hacrobia Cryptista Rhizaria Alveolata Stramenopiles Plants Amorphea Amoebozoa Opisthokonta Animalia Fungi Mesomycetozoea)
Animal
Clade of eukaryotes
Archaeplastida (or plants in a broad sense), Haptista, Cryptista, and SAR (Stramenopiles, Alveolata and Rhizaria). Before molecular analyses recovered this clade
Diaphoretickes
Genus of algae
Greek syn- 'with, together' and chroma 'color') is a genus of marine stramenopile algae containing two species with amoeboid morphology. They are grouped
Synchroma
Genus of single-celled organisms
which are found in coastal marine habitats. They are assigned to the Stramenopiles (heterokonts), a group which also contains kelp and various microalgae
Schizochytrium
Large group of multicellular algae, comprising the class Phaeophyceae
environmental significance through carbon fixation. Brown algae belong to the Stramenopiles, a clade of eukaryotic organisms belonging to the SAR supergroup, and
Brown_algae
Group of protists with at least one whip-like appendage
(male gametes), some gymnosperms (cycads and Ginkgo, as male gametes) Stramenopiles: centric diatoms (male gametes), brown algae (zoospores and gametes)
Flagellate
Domain of life whose cells have nuclei
surrounding two singlets. Flagella may have hairs (mastigonemes), as in many stramenopiles. Their interior is continuous with the cell's cytoplasm. Centrioles
Eukaryote
Genus of single-celled organisms
Metamonada Discoba Diaphoretickes Hacrobia Cryptista Rhizaria Alveolata Stramenopiles Plants Amorphea Amoebozoa Opisthokonta Animalia Fungi Mesomycetozoea)
Cyclospora
Species of protist
inhabits the gastrointestinal tract of humans and various animals. This stramenopile exhibits significant genetic diversity and has become an organism of
Blastocystis_hominis
Fungus-like eukaryotic microorganism
phylogenetic lineage of fungus-like eukaryotic microorganisms within the Stramenopiles. They are filamentous and heterotrophic, and can reproduce both sexually
Oomycete
Genus of nanoplankton
their stramenopile origin, since two heterokont flagella (one smooth, one with mastigonemes) are the main distinguishing trait of the Stramenopiles. They
Commation
Group of parasitoid microbes
flagellates have stramenopile flagella with tripartite hair-like mastigonemes. However, because of certain differences with the typical stramenopile organization
Pirsoniales
Class of predatory microbes
which is in turn the sole order in the class Developea, part of the stramenopiles. All known members consume bacteria as prey, except for the genus Develorapax
Developea
Phylum of single-celled organisms
phylum of microscopic eukaryotes that are found at the base of the Stramenopiles clade. It includes three well-known heterotrophic groups Bicosoecida
Bigyra
Genus of flagellates
into distantly related genera across the tree of eukaryotes, namely the stramenopile genus Pseudophyllomitus, the alveolate genus Palustrimonas, and the euglenozoan
Phyllomitus
Species of seaweed
unrelated to true plants, being, instead, a photosynthetic, multicellular stramenopile protist of the SAR supergroup. The primary common name is derived from
Wakame
Large brown seaweeds in the order Laminariales
and use of photosynthesis in chloroplasts, kelp is not a plant but a stramenopile. Kelp grows from stalks close together in very dense, forest-like areas
Kelp
Genus of single-celled organisms
single-celled biflagellated microbial eukaryotes belonging to the superphylum Stramenopiles which are characterized by the presence of tripartite, hair-like structures
Proteromonas
Group of protists
Hyphochytriomycetes are eukaryotic organisms in the group of Stramenopiles (Heterokonta). They are distinguished by an anterior tinsel flagellum on their
Hyphochytriomycetes
Spore-forming organisms
polyphyletic assemblage of distantly related eukaryotic organisms in the Stramenopiles, Rhizaria, Discoba, Amoebozoa and Holomycota clades. Most are near-microscopic;
Slime_mold
Genus of flagellates
Heroen; et al. (2025). "Multiple plastid losses within photosynthetic stramenopiles revealed by comprehensive phylogenomics". Current Biology. 35 (3): 483–499
Picophagus
List of largest organisms on Earth
as Spirostomum, can attain a length over 4 mm (0.16 in). The largest stramenopiles are giant kelp from the northwestern Pacific. The floating stem of Macrocystis
Largest_organisms
Genus of single-celled heterokonts
Kaonashia insperata is a species of single-celled phagotrophic stramenopiles. Described in 2023 from flagellates found in a soda lake, it is the sole
Kaonashia
Cellular body type
Rhizaria), Centroplasthelida (now in Haptista), and Actinophryida (now in Stramenopiles). In the final decades of the 20th century, a series of molecular phylogenetic
Amoeba
Clade of eukaryotic organisms
Gyrista is a clade of stramenopile protists containing three diverse groups: the mostly photosynthetic Ochrophyta, the parasitic Pseudofungi, and the recently
Gyrista
This list of sequenced algal genomes contains algal species known to have publicly available complete genome sequences that have been assembled, annotated
List of sequenced algae genomes
List_of_sequenced_algae_genomes
Mollusc species native to the Americas
the thraustochytrid stramenopiles. The QPX parasite is unicellular and possesses at least one flagellum, like most other stramenopile organisms. Thraustochytrids
Hard_clam
Proposed eukaryotic kingdom
British biologist Thomas Cavalier-Smith in 1981 to distinguish the stramenopiles, haptophytes, and cryptophytes. According to Cavalier-Smith, the kingdom
Chromista
Genus of algae
Pinguiococcus Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Clade: Sar Clade: Stramenopiles Division: Ochrophyta Class: Pinguiophyceae Order: Pinguiochrysidales
Pinguiococcus
Topics referred to by the same term
encoded by the MAST2 gene MAST (MArine STramenopiles), clades of environmental DNA sequences from uncultured stramenopile microorganisms obtained in marine
Mast
Genus of single-celled organisms
tripartite hairs (mastigonemes) – the defining characteristic of the stramenopiles. Interest in Labyrinthula arose as it was identified as the cause of
Labyrinthula
Eukaryotes other than animals, plants or fungi
organisms, such as testate amoebae, foraminifers and radiolarians. Stramenopiles and Alveolata are diverse groups of flagellates, many of which have
Protist
Species of flagellate cercozoans
No cysts have been observed; those observed by ATCC may belong to the stramenopile prey Adriamonas. However, it has grown well only on Volvic and grain
Tremula_longifila
Organism belonging to kingdom Fungi
Excavata, Cristidiscoidea, and Stramenopiles, respectively), water molds (oomycetes) and hyphochytrids (both Stramenopiles) were formerly classified in
Fungus
Genus of marine protists
other heterotrophic stramenopiles, the order of genes is highly rearranged in C. marina. For example, it is the only stramenopile species known to encode
Cafileria
Domain of organisms
Metamonada Discoba Diaphoretickes Hacrobia Cryptista Rhizaria Alveolata Stramenopiles Plants Amorphea Amoebozoa Opisthokonta Animalia Fungi Mesomycetozoea)
Archaea
Class of protists
heterotrophic single-celled stramenopiles. It is monotypic, with one order Eogyrida. contains several clades known as MAST (MArine STramenopiles), discovered through
Eogyrea
Extinct species of bird
transposon DodoPi resides in a cluster of retro- and DNA transposons in the stramenopile Phytophthora infestans". Molecular Genetics and Genomics. 271 (5): 577–585
Dodo
Genus of single-celled organisms
Pirsonia is a non-photosynthetic genus of stramenopiles. It was the first genus described in the family Pirsoniaceae, in the subphylum Bigyromonada. Class
Pirsonia
Clade of seed plants that produce flowers
Metamonada Discoba Diaphoretickes Hacrobia Cryptista Rhizaria Alveolata Stramenopiles Plants Amorphea Amoebozoa Opisthokonta Animalia Fungi Mesomycetozoea)
Flowering_plant
Animals without organs
that Agnotozoa may share a common ancestry with certain opisthokont or stramenopile lineages, though their precise evolutionary placement is still debated
Agnotozoa
Type of unicellular eukaryote
distinguished by two unequal flagella. They are currently known as a lineage of Stramenopiles, more closely related to algae such as diatoms than to other zooflagellates
Zooflagellate
Clade of protists
protists that includes Alveolata and Stramenopiles (Heterokonta). Analyses in 2007 and 2008 revealed that the Stramenopiles and the Alveolata are related, and
Halvaria
Species of single-celled organism
krung... Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Clade: Sar Clade: Stramenopiles Division: Oomycota Class: Peronosporomycetes Order: Peronosporales Family:
Bremia_krungthepmahanakhonamonrattanakosinmahintharayuthayamahadilokphopnoppharatratchathaniburiromudomratchaniwetmahasathanamonpimanawatansathitsakkathattiyawitsanukamprasitnonopsis
A protist is any eukaryotic organism (that is, an organism whose cells contain a cell nucleus) that is not an animal, plant, or fungus. While it is likely
Protists_in_the_fossil_record
Genus of single-celled organisms
Florenciella Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Clade: Sar Clade: Stramenopiles Division: Ochrophyta Class: Dictyochophyceae Order: Florenciellales
Florenciella_(alga)
Genus of single-celled organisms
sediment Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Clade: Sar Clade: Stramenopiles Division: Ochrophyta Clade: Bacillariophyta Class: Bacillariophyceae
Nitzschia
Domain of microorganisms
Metamonada Discoba Diaphoretickes Hacrobia Cryptista Rhizaria Alveolata Stramenopiles Plants Amorphea Amoebozoa Opisthokonta Animalia Fungi Mesomycetozoea)
Bacteria
Organisms living in water or air that drift in the current or wind
Chaetocerotaceae Coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi Eustigmatophyte Frustule Stramenopile Nannochloropsis Navicula Prasinophyceae Raphidophyte Thalassiosira pseudonana
Plankton
Group of single-celled organisms
Metamonada Discoba Diaphoretickes Hacrobia Cryptista Rhizaria Alveolata Stramenopiles Plants Amorphea Amoebozoa Opisthokonta Animalia Fungi Mesomycetozoea)
Obazoa
Genus of bacteria
Metamonada Discoba Diaphoretickes Hacrobia Cryptista Rhizaria Alveolata Stramenopiles Plants Amorphea Amoebozoa Opisthokonta Animalia Fungi Mesomycetozoea)
Listeria
Kingdom of archaea
Metamonada Discoba Diaphoretickes Hacrobia Cryptista Rhizaria Alveolata Stramenopiles Plants Amorphea Amoebozoa Opisthokonta Animalia Fungi Mesomycetozoea)
Asgard_archaea
Family of microscopic eukaryotes
belongs to the Labyrinthulea, a group of heterotrophic stramenopiles that generate cytoplasmic networks outside their cells. In particular
Thraustochytriidae
Theoretical clade in the Eukaryota taxonomical domain
Metamonada Discoba Diaphoretickes Hacrobia Cryptista Rhizaria Alveolata Stramenopiles Plants Amorphea Amoebozoa Opisthokonta Animalia Fungi Mesomycetozoea)
Scotokaryotes
Heterotrophic protistan or metazoan members of the plankton ecosystem
Chaetocerotaceae Coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi Eustigmatophyte Frustule Stramenopile Nannochloropsis Navicula Prasinophyceae Raphidophyte Thalassiosira pseudonana
Zooplankton
Classification of eukaryotes
(2024). "Phylogenomic position of genetically diverse phagotrophic stramenopile flagellates in the sediment-associated MAST-6 lineage and a potentially
Protist_classification
Single-celled alga with a silica cell wall
been variously referred to as heterokonts, chrysophytes, chromists or stramenopiles. Many are autotrophs such as golden algae and kelp; and heterotrophs
Diatom
Species of seaweed
okamuranus Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Clade: Sar Clade: Stramenopiles Division: Ochrophyta Class: Phaeophyceae Order: Ectocarpales Family:
Cladosiphon_okamuranus
Subkingdom of fungi
Metamonada Discoba Diaphoretickes Hacrobia Cryptista Rhizaria Alveolata Stramenopiles Plants Amorphea Amoebozoa Opisthokonta Animalia Fungi Mesomycetozoea)
Mucoromyceta
Family of water moulds
Oospore Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Clade: Sar Clade: Stramenopiles Division: Oomycota Class: Peronosporomycetes Order: Peronosporales Family:
Pythiaceae
Hypothesis for classification of life
and allies Viridiplantae – green plants Holozoa – animals and allies Stramenopiles – includes brown algae Amoebozoa – solitary and social amoebae Discoba
Three-domain_system
Taxonomic rank
Stramenopiles Diaphoretickes Alveolata Rhizaria "Hacrobia" Amorphea Excavates Orphan groups
Phylum
Genus of diatoms
pulchella Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Clade: Sar Clade: Stramenopiles Division: Ochrophyta Clade: Bacillariophyta Class: Biddulphiophyceae
Biddulphia
Species of alga
elegans Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Clade: Sar Clade: Stramenopiles Division: Ochrophyta Class: Chrysophyceae Order: Chromulinales Family:
Chrysococcus_elegans
Division of non-vascular land plants
Metamonada Discoba Diaphoretickes Hacrobia Cryptista Rhizaria Alveolata Stramenopiles Plants Amorphea Amoebozoa Opisthokonta Animalia Fungi Mesomycetozoea)
Liverwort
Subclade of green plants, also known as land plants
Metamonada Discoba Diaphoretickes Hacrobia Cryptista Rhizaria Alveolata Stramenopiles Plants Amorphea Amoebozoa Opisthokonta Animalia Fungi Mesomycetozoea)
Embryophyte
Extinct genus of single-celled organisms
Pg N Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Clade: Sar Clade: Stramenopiles Division: Ochrophyta Clade: Bacillariophyta Class: Thalassiosirophyceae
Briggera
Clade of eukaryotes
Metamonada Discoba Diaphoretickes Hacrobia Cryptista Rhizaria Alveolata Stramenopiles Plants Amorphea Amoebozoa Opisthokonta Animalia Fungi Mesomycetozoea)
Pancryptista
Fossil holozoan
Metamonada Discoba Diaphoretickes Hacrobia Cryptista Rhizaria Alveolata Stramenopiles Plants Amorphea Amoebozoa Opisthokonta Animalia Fungi Mesomycetozoea)
Bicellum
Plant organelle that conducts photosynthesis
endoplasmic reticulum. Like haptophytes, stramenopiles store sugar in chrysolaminarin granules in the cytoplasm. Stramenopile chloroplasts contain chlorophyll
Chloroplast
Species of seaweed
littoralis Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Clade: Sar Clade: Stramenopiles Division: Ochrophyta Class: Phaeophyceae Order: Ectocarpales Family:
Pylaiella_littoralis
Kingdom of organisms
Metamonada Discoba Diaphoretickes Hacrobia Cryptista Rhizaria Alveolata Stramenopiles Plants Amorphea Amoebozoa Opisthokonta Animalia Fungi Mesomycetozoea)
Plant
Family of algae
annularis Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Clade: Sar Clade: Stramenopiles Division: Ochrophyta Class: Chrysophyceae Order: Chromulinales Family:
Chromulinaceae
Species of single-celled organism
adamata Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Clade: Sar Clade: Stramenopiles Division: Ochrophyta Clade: Bacillariophyta Class: Bacillariophyceae
Navicula_adamata
Group of non-photosynthetic organisms
Placidozoa. Placidozoa is a recently defined non-photosynthetic lineage of Stramenopiles. In 2016, Philippe Silar presented the following phylogeny for the Placidozoa:
Placidozoa
Clade of plants with xylem and phloem
Metamonada Discoba Diaphoretickes Hacrobia Cryptista Rhizaria Alveolata Stramenopiles Plants Amorphea Amoebozoa Opisthokonta Animalia Fungi Mesomycetozoea)
Vascular_plant
Species of kelp
tide Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Clade: Sar Clade: Stramenopiles Division: Ochrophyta Class: Phaeophyceae Order: Laminariales Family:
Postelsia
Species of seaweed
vesiculosus Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Clade: Sar Clade: Stramenopiles Division: Ochrophyta Class: Phaeophyceae Order: Fucales Family: Fucaceae
Fucus_vesiculosus
Genus of Asgard archaea
Metamonada Discoba Diaphoretickes Hacrobia Cryptista Rhizaria Alveolata Stramenopiles Plants Amorphea Amoebozoa Opisthokonta Animalia Fungi Mesomycetozoea)
Hodarchaeum
Basal animal clade as a sister group of the Porifera
Metamonada Discoba Diaphoretickes Hacrobia Cryptista Rhizaria Alveolata Stramenopiles Plants Amorphea Amoebozoa Opisthokonta Animalia Fungi Mesomycetozoea)
Eumetazoa
Group of seed plants
Metamonada Discoba Diaphoretickes Hacrobia Cryptista Rhizaria Alveolata Stramenopiles Plants Amorphea Amoebozoa Opisthokonta Animalia Fungi Mesomycetozoea)
Conifer
Species of single-celled organism
sojae Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Clade: Sar Clade: Stramenopiles Division: Oomycota Class: Peronosporomycetes Order: Peronosporales Family:
Phytophthora_sojae
Taxonomic rank
2019[update], there is widespread agreement that the Rhizaria belong with the Stramenopiles and the Alveolata, in a clade dubbed the SAR supergroup, so that Rhizaria
Kingdom_(taxonomy)
Genus of single-celled organisms
Blastocystis is a genus of single-celled parasites belonging to the Stramenopiles that includes algae, diatoms, and water molds. There are several species
Blastocystis
Family of algae
australis Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Clade: Sar Clade: Stramenopiles Division: Ochrophyta Class: Phaeophyceae Order: Scytothamnales Family:
Splachnidiaceae
Genus of diatom
Hystrix Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Clade: Sar Clade: Stramenopiles Division: Ochrophyta Clade: Bacillariophyta Class: Bacillariophyceae
Hystrix_(diatom)
Family of algae
fragilissimus Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Clade: Sar Clade: Stramenopiles Division: Ochrophyta Clade: Bacillariophyta Class: Coscinodiscophyceae
Rhizosoleniaceae
Genus of algae
associated with red tides and can be found in the phylum Heterokontophyta in stramenopiles. These unicellular flagellates are found in brackish ecosystems. The
Chattonella
Genus of algae
vulgare Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Clade: Sar Clade: Stramenopiles Division: Ochrophyta Clade: Bacillariophyta Class: Fragilariophyceae
Diatoma
Class of diatoms
paxillifera Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Clade: Sar Clade: Stramenopiles Division: Ochrophyta Clade: Bacillariophyta Class: Bacillariophyceae
Bacillariophyceae
Genus of seaweeds
Undaria Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Clade: Sar Clade: Stramenopiles Division: Ochrophyta Class: Phaeophyceae Order: Laminariales Family:
Undaria
Genus of plants
Metamonada Discoba Diaphoretickes Hacrobia Cryptista Rhizaria Alveolata Stramenopiles Plants Amorphea Amoebozoa Opisthokonta Animalia Fungi Mesomycetozoea)
Hymenophyllum
Genus of bacteria
Metamonada Discoba Diaphoretickes Hacrobia Cryptista Rhizaria Alveolata Stramenopiles Plants Amorphea Amoebozoa Opisthokonta Animalia Fungi Mesomycetozoea)
Actinomyces
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