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Prototype spacecraft propulsion engine
The helicon double-layer thruster is a prototype electric spacecraft propulsion. It was created by Australian scientist Christine Charles, based on a
Helicon_double-layer_thruster
Type of electric propulsion
a double layer thruster. Plasma engines were first used in space by the Soviet Union on Zond 2. The space probe employed six pulsed plasma thrusters (PPTs)
Plasma_propulsion_engine
Space propulsion system
The gridded ion thruster is a common design for ion thrusters, a highly efficient low-thrust spacecraft propulsion method running on electrical power
Gridded_ion_thruster
Form of electric spacecraft propulsion
thrust magnitude and specific impulse values. A helicon double layer thruster is a type of plasma thruster that ejects high velocity ionized gas to provide
Ion_thruster
around the debated issue of the existence of a double layer in such a thruster, even if such a double layer structure would be current-free, as both ions
Electrodeless_plasma_thruster
Space propulsion system, a gridded electrostatic ion thruster
The NASA Evolutionary Xenon Thruster (NEXT) project at Glenn Research Center is a gridded electrostatic ion thruster about three times as powerful as the
NEXT_(ion_thruster)
Type of propulsion for spacecraft
A pulsed plasma thruster (PPT) or as a plasma jet engine (PJE), is a form of electric spacecraft propulsion. PPTs are generally considered the simplest
Pulsed_plasma_thruster
Type of electric propulsion system
propulsion, a Hall-effect thruster (HET, sometimes referred to as a Hall thruster or Hall-current thruster) is a type of ion thruster in which the propellant
Hall-effect_thruster
Topics referred to by the same term
Helicon (physics), low frequency electromagnetic waves Helikon vortex separation process, used for uranium enrichment Helicon Double Layer Thruster,
Helicon
Low-frequency EM wave created in plasmas by a magnetic field
propulsion (where the helicon double-layer thruster and the Variable Specific Impulse Magnetoplasma Rocket both make use of helicons in their plasma heating
Helicon_(physics)
Propulsion system creating motion without propellant
thrusters such as the EmDrive and Cannae drive, the helical engine, Mach-effect or MEGA drives, quantum drive claims, and the quantum vacuum thruster
Reactionless_drive
Type of rocket engine
A cold gas thruster (or a cold gas propulsion system) is a type of rocket engine which uses the expansion of a (typically inert) pressurized gas to generate
Cold_gas_thruster
Form of electrically powered spacecraft propulsion
A magnetoplasmadynamic (MPD) thruster (MPDT) is a form of electrically powered spacecraft propulsion which uses the Lorentz force (the force on a charged
Magnetoplasmadynamic_thruster
Physical and science fiction concept
Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster Electrodeless plasma thruster Plasma magnet Electrothermal Pulsed plasma thruster Vacuum arc thruster Helicon double-layer thruster Arcjet
Anti-gravity
Spacecraft propulsion device
A thruster is a spacecraft propulsion device used for orbital station-keeping, attitude control, or long-duration, low-thrust acceleration, often as part
Thrusters_(spacecraft)
Spacecraft propulsion technology
of Stuttgart is developing the intake and the thruster, the latter is the RF helicon-based Plasma Thruster (IPT), which was ignited for the first time in
Atmosphere-breathing electric propulsion
Atmosphere-breathing_electric_propulsion
Proposed spacelaunch method
reach orbit. Well under a tenth of orbital velocity from a small rocket thruster is enough to raise perigee if a design prioritizes minimizing such, but
Mass_driver
Space propulsion method using Sun radiation
solar sail has also been proposed to be addressed with a solar photon thruster. This also uses a reflective membrane, but unlike a conventional solar
Solar_sail
Device claimed to be a propellantless spacecraft thruster
physics. The concept has at times been referred to as a resonant cavity thruster. Physicists and engineers generally regard the EmDrive concept as pseudoscience
EmDrive
Ion thruster subtype
A colloid thruster (or electrospray thruster) is a type of low thrust electric propulsion rocket engine that uses electrostatic acceleration of charged
Colloid_thruster
Proposed spacecraft propulsion method
Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster Electrodeless plasma thruster Plasma magnet Electrothermal Pulsed plasma thruster Vacuum arc thruster Helicon double-layer thruster Arcjet
Bussard_ramjet
Electrothermal thruster in development
rocket engines Helicon Double Layer Thruster Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster Nano-particle field extraction thruster Pulsed plasma thruster Project Prometheus
Variable Specific Impulse Magnetoplasma Rocket
Variable_Specific_Impulse_Magnetoplasma_Rocket
Rocket engine operation method
Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster Electrodeless plasma thruster Plasma magnet Electrothermal Pulsed plasma thruster Vacuum arc thruster Helicon double-layer thruster Arcjet
Staged_combustion_cycle
Spacecraft propulsion system by NASA. 50kW Hall-effect thrusters, now for Lunar Gateway
electric power for its Hall-effect thrusters for maneuverability, which can be supported by chemical monopropellant thrusters for high-thrust attitude control
Advanced Electric Propulsion System
Advanced_Electric_Propulsion_System
Structure in a plasma
S2CID 250752052. See "Helicon Double Layer Thruster study[permanent dead link]", European Space Agency; "ESA accelerates towards a new space thruster" (2005) Alfvén
Double_layer_(plasma_physics)
Rocket that burns 3 propellants at once or 2 fuels with an oxidizer, sequentially
tripropellant engines would produce gains of over 100% (essentially more than double) in payload fraction, reductions of over 65% in propellant volume and better
Tripropellant_rocket
Type of rocket engine which uses liquid fuel stored at very low temperatures
Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster Electrodeless plasma thruster Plasma magnet Electrothermal Pulsed plasma thruster Vacuum arc thruster Helicon double-layer thruster Arcjet
Cryogenic_rocket_engine
Conceptual rocket engine
expand through the magnetic nozzle and beyond, and thus, function as an ion thruster. The construction of the experimental research device and most of its early
Direct_Fusion_Drive
Type of spacecraft propulsion system
reactor is converted to electrical energy, which is used to drive an ion thruster or other electrical spacecraft propulsion technology. The nuclear electric
Nuclear_electric_rocket
Method of spacecraft propulsion
could be doubled in comparison to a cold gas thruster using the same propellant. In other words, a quadrupling of the temperature yields a doubling in specific
Resistojet_rocket
Hypothetical spacecraft propulsion through continuous nuclear explosions for thrust
pulse propulsion Antimatter rocket Spacecraft electric propulsion Ion thruster Nuclear electric rocket Nuclear power in space Nuclear propulsion Nuclear
Nuclear_pulse_propulsion
Mechanism where confined high-speed particles confer energy to a vehicle
to thermal rockets, photonic thrusters, and light sails. In contrast, a pulsed beam lends itself to ablative thrusters and pulse detonation engines.
Beam-powered_propulsion
Type of spacecraft plasma propulsion system
A pulsed inductive thruster (PIT) is a form of ion thruster, used in spacecraft propulsion. It is a plasma propulsion engine using perpendicular electric
Pulsed_inductive_thruster
Type of rocket engine fuel
and reaction control thrusters: Apollo command and service module RCS, Space Shuttle OMS and RCS; Ariane 5 EPS; Draco thrusters used by the SpaceX Dragon
Hypergolic_propellant
Rocket engine operation method
Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster Electrodeless plasma thruster Plasma magnet Electrothermal Pulsed plasma thruster Vacuum arc thruster Helicon double-layer thruster Arcjet
Gas-generator_cycle
Type of nuclear propulsion method with an ultra high specific-inpulse
temperature of a few thousand. By physically arranging the fuel into very thin layers or particles, the fragments of a nuclear reaction can escape from the surface
Fission-fragment_rocket
Liquid form of rocket propellants
Anflo, K.; Moore, S.; King, P. Expanding the ADN-based Monopropellant Thruster Family. 23rd Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites. SSC09-II-4
Liquid_rocket_propellant
Rocket with a motor that uses solid propellants
American aerospace engineer Jack Parsons at Caltech in 1942 when he replaced double base propellant with roofing asphalt and potassium perchlorate. This made
Solid-propellant_rocket
Proposed nuclear pulse propulsion through antimatter-catalyzed nuclear chain reactions
millimeter in diameter, a position analogous to the primary fission core in the layer cake/Sloika design. As the antimatter must remain away from ordinary matter
Antimatter-catalyzed nuclear pulse propulsion
Antimatter-catalyzed_nuclear_pulse_propulsion
Load bearing cable connecting objects in space
are currently tracked on radar and have predictable orbits. Although thrusters could be used to change the orbit of the system, a tether could also be
Space_tether
Proposed rocket propulsion mechanism
Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster Electrodeless plasma thruster Plasma magnet Electrothermal Pulsed plasma thruster Vacuum arc thruster Helicon double-layer thruster Arcjet
Nuclear_salt-water_rocket
Type of space propulsion using microwaves
Microwave electrothermal thruster, also known as MET, is a propulsion device that converts microwave energy (a type of electromagnetic radiation) into
Microwave electrothermal thruster
Microwave_electrothermal_thruster
A vacuum arc thruster (VAT) is a form of electric spacecraft propulsion. It uses a vacuum arc discharge, across an insulator, between two electrodes to
Vacuum_arc_thruster
Type of electric spacecraft propulsion system
(FEEP) is an advanced electrostatic space propulsion concept, a form of ion thruster, that uses a liquid metal as a propellant – usually either caesium, indium
Field-emission electric propulsion
Field-emission_electric_propulsion
Type of spacecraft electric propulsion system
An arcjet rocket or arcjet thruster is a form of electrically powered spacecraft propulsion, in which an electrical discharge (arc) is created in a flow
Arcjet_rocket
Rocket driven by nuclear fusion power
fusion instead of direct thrust. Spacecraft propulsion methods such as ion thrusters require electric power to run but are highly efficient. In some cases
Fusion_rocket
Type of spacecraft propulsion using electrical energy to accelerate propellant
Hall-effect thrusters, and colloid thrusters; electromagnetic devices such as pulsed plasma thrusters, magnetoplasmadynamic thrusters, and pulsed inductive
Spacecraft electric propulsion
Spacecraft_electric_propulsion
Nuclear spacecraft propulsion technology
commissioned a consortium of companies to conduct a study on electric thrusters powered by nuclear energy, known as nuclear electric propulsion. The study
Nuclear_thermal_rocket
Rocket engine that uses both liquid / gaseous and solid fuel
then reacted with the solid propellant. Combustion occurs in a boundary layer diffusion flame adjacent to the surface of the solid propellant. Generally
Hybrid-propellant_rocket
perhaps 1.3 to 1.5 N (0.29 to 0.34 lbf), making them useful only for thrusters. In order to increase the power for medium-duration missions, engines
Radioisotope_rocket
Rocket engine operation method
Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster Electrodeless plasma thruster Plasma magnet Electrothermal Pulsed plasma thruster Vacuum arc thruster Helicon double-layer thruster Arcjet
Expander_cycle
Propulsion concepts and technologies
electrostatic propulsion, the first laboratory electric thruster was electrothermal and the first electric thruster to ever fly in space was of the pulsed (mostly
Field_propulsion
Space navigation technique
Primer at NASA.gov Spaceflight and Spacecraft: Gravity Assist, discussion at Phy6.org "Gravitational Slingshot". MathPages.com. Double-ball drop experiment
Gravity_assist
Rocket-propelled by exhausted coolant of a gas-cooled nuclear reactor
Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster Electrodeless plasma thruster Plasma magnet Electrothermal Pulsed plasma thruster Vacuum arc thruster Helicon double-layer thruster Arcjet
Gas_core_reactor_rocket
Space propulsion system, electrostatic gridded ion thruster
Application Readiness (NSTAR) is a type of spacecraft ion thruster called electrostatic ion thruster. It is a highly efficient low-thrust spacecraft propulsion
NASA Solar Technology Application Readiness
NASA_Solar_Technology_Application_Readiness
Proposed spacecraft propulsion method
Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster (aka MPD Arc jet in Japan) in 2015, multiple antenna coils in 2019, and a multi-pole MPD thruster in 2020. Slough published
Magnetic_sail
Method used to accelerate spacecraft
needed] Arcjets using DC current or microwaves Helicon double-layer thrusters Resistojets Electromagnetic thrusters, wherein ions are accelerated either by the
Spacecraft_propulsion
Rocket engine operation method
Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster Electrodeless plasma thruster Plasma magnet Electrothermal Pulsed plasma thruster Vacuum arc thruster Helicon double-layer thruster Arcjet
Electric-pump-fed_engine
Launch system that only uses one rocket stage
involve using multiple engines and other altitude adapting designs such as double-mu bells or extensible bell sections.[citation needed] Still, at very high
Single-stage-to-orbit
Chemical substance used for propulsion
plasma thruster – uses a Teflon plasma as a propellant, which is created by an electrical arc and expelled using the Lorentz force Helicon Double Layer Thruster
Propellant
Rocket engine that uses photons to propel a spacecraft
to overcome the inherent inefficiency in producing thrust of the photon thruster by amplifying the momentum transfer of photons by recycling photons between
Nuclear_photonic_rocket
Australian physicist (born 1932)
of a new type of rocket thruster, the Helicon Double Layer Thruster: the ongoing development of the Australian Plasma Thruster is supported by the European
Rod_Boswell
Rocket that uses a single propellant with a catalyst
storable propellant after passing it over a catalyst bed. The power for the thruster comes from the high pressure gas created during the decomposition reaction
Monopropellant_rocket
Class of liquid rocket propellants
major classes of rocket fuels are: A common fuel in small maneuvering thrusters is hydrazine. It is liquid at room temperature and, having a positive
Nitrous_oxide_fuel_blend
Rocket engine power cycle
Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster Electrodeless plasma thruster Plasma magnet Electrothermal Pulsed plasma thruster Vacuum arc thruster Helicon double-layer thruster Arcjet
Combustion_tap-off_cycle
Hypothetical type of spacecraft
Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster Electrodeless plasma thruster Plasma magnet Electrothermal Pulsed plasma thruster Vacuum arc thruster Helicon double-layer thruster Arcjet
Nuclear_lightbulb
Type of solar sail
Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster Electrodeless plasma thruster Plasma magnet Electrothermal Pulsed plasma thruster Vacuum arc thruster Helicon double-layer thruster Arcjet
Diffractive_solar_sail
Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster Electrodeless plasma thruster Plasma magnet Electrothermal Pulsed plasma thruster Vacuum arc thruster Helicon double-layer thruster Arcjet
Plasma_magnet
of the NIAC. MagBeam is different from a traditional electrostatic ion thruster in several ways, the primary one being that instead of the fuel and propulsion
MagBeam
Proposed spacecraft propulsion device
panels and reels to hold the wires; the main body, including chemical thrusters for adjusting trajectory en route and at destination and communications
Electric_sail
Hypothetical method of spacecraft propulsion
thrust. In the fission sail, the "rocket" is built in the form of a two-layer sheet, with some sort of absorber on one side, and nuclear fuel on the other
Fission_sail
High Power Electric Propulsion (HiPEP) is a variation of ion thruster for use in nuclear electric propulsion applications. It was ground-tested in 2003
High Power Electric Propulsion
High_Power_Electric_Propulsion
US spacecraft
expected thrust force due to solar pressure is equivalent to 400 kW ion thruster systems used for comparable deep space missions. Spaceflight portal IKAROS
CubeSail_(UltraSail)
Rocket engine operation method
temperature fuel. Spacecraft attitude control and orbital maneuvering thrusters are almost universally pressure-fed designs. Examples include the Reaction
Pressure-fed_engine
Theoretical spacecraft propulsion system
inbound to receive fuel from the depot. Solar-thermal monoprop hydrogen thrusters are also integral to the design of the next-generation cryogenic upper
Solar_thermal_rocket
Type of nuclear thermal rocket
Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster Electrodeless plasma thruster Plasma magnet Electrothermal Pulsed plasma thruster Vacuum arc thruster Helicon double-layer thruster Arcjet
Pulsed_nuclear_thermal_rocket
Rocket engine that uses liquid fuels and oxidizers
orbital maneuvering system (OMS) engines and Reaction control system (RCS) thrusters. SpaceX's Draco and SuperDraco engines for the Dragon spacecraft. For
Liquid-propellant_rocket
Spacecraft propulsion using steam as propellant
artificial regolith and took off within the vacuum chamber using steam thrusters. The system components are expected to reach technology readiness level
World Is Not Enough (spacecraft propulsion)
World_Is_Not_Enough_(spacecraft_propulsion)
Hall-effect thruster Hasegawa–Mima equation Heat shield Heat torch Helically Symmetric Experiment Helicon double-layer thruster Helicon (physics) Heliosphere
List of plasma physics articles
List_of_plasma_physics_articles
Monopropellant
hydrazine monopropellant for use in spacecraft's attitude control and thruster systems. It was derived from an earlier, similar formulation which came
Cavea-B
Australian physicist
of fuel cells for the hydrogen economy. Charles invented the Helicon Double Layer Thruster, an electrode-less magneto-plasma space engine which could be
Christine_Charles
with electric space propulsion. This includes both cruise engines and/or thrusters for altitude and orbit control. It is not specified whether the given
List of spacecraft with electric propulsion
List_of_spacecraft_with_electric_propulsion
Plasma Physics Experiment
Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster Electrodeless plasma thruster Plasma magnet Electrothermal Pulsed plasma thruster Vacuum arc thruster Helicon double-layer thruster Arcjet
Star_Thrust_Experiment
Radio frequency allocations
satellites back to the ground. Also in space applications, a helicon double-layer ion thruster is a prototype spacecraft propulsion engine which uses a 13
ISM_radio_band
State of matter
Lightning". NASA. Retrieved 10 February 2023. Block, Lars P. (1978). "A double layer review". Astrophysics and Space Science. 55 (1): 59–83. doi:10.1007/BF00642580
Plasma_(physics)
Chronological list of advances
referred to as a marching tuba, is a wearable tuba descended from the hélicon. It was designed such that it fits around the body of the wearer and so
Timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945)
Timeline_of_United_States_inventions_(1890–1945)
HELICON DOUBLE-LAYER-THRUSTER
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