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Culinary traditions of Circassia
Circassian cuisine is an ethnic cuisine, based on the cooking style and traditions of the Circassian people of the North Caucasus. This region lies between
Circassian_cuisine
Northwest Caucasian ethnic group
As a consequence of the 19th-century Russo-Circassian War and the Circassian genocide, most Circassians were exiled from their homeland and scattered
Circassians
Shredded chicken with walnut sauce
stock thickened with stale bread. Circassian chicken is a classic Circassian dish, adopted by the Imperial Ottoman cuisine. Although it was typically served
Circassian_chicken
Former country and region in Eastern Europe
Russo-Circassian War (1763–1864), after which approximately 80–97% of the Circassian people were either exiled or massacred in the Circassian genocide
Circassia
Branch of the Circassian diaspora in Jordan
Circassians in Jordan (Adyghe: Иорданием ис Адыгэхэр, romanized: Yiwerdaniém yis Adıǵexer; Arabic: الشركس في الأردن) are descendants of Circassian refugees
Circassians_in_Jordan
Forced migration (muhajir) of the Circassian people to the Ottoman Empire
The Circassian genocide, or Tsitsekun, was the systematic mass killing, ethnic cleansing, and forced displacement of between 95% and 97% of the Circassian
Circassian_genocide
cuisine Assyrian cuisine Caucasian cuisine Azerbaijani cuisine Chechen cuisine Circassian cuisine Dagestani cuisine Georgian cuisine Ossetian cuisine
List_of_cuisines
Resettled Circassian community largely formed following the Russo-Circassian War
The Circassian diaspora are ethnic Circassians around the world who were driven from Circassia during the late nineteenth and early twentieth century.
Circassian_diaspora
Ethnic religion of the Circassian people
Circassian paganism is the ethnic religion of the Circassians. It is based on worshipping the supreme god Thashkho (Тхьэшхо) and other deities under his
Circassian_paganism
Circassian diaspora in Israel
Circassians are citizens and residents of Israel. They live primarily in two towns: Kfar Kama (Кфар Кама), and Rehaniya (Рихьаные). The Circassians of
Circassians_in_Israel
North Caucasian cheese
Circassian smoked cheese is a smoked low-fat Circassian cheese, especially produced in the eastern Marmara region of Turkey. It is light yellow or cream-colored
Circassian_smoked_cheese
Culinary traditions of Eastern Europe
Armenian cuisine Ashkenazi Jewish cuisine Azerbaijani cuisine Balkan cuisine Belarusian cuisine Bulgarian cuisine Chechen cuisine Circassian cuisine Cossack
Eastern_European_cuisine
Ethnic stereotype
concept of Circassian beauty is an ethnic stereotype of the Circassian people. A fairly extensive literary history suggests that Circassian women were
Circassian_beauty
Type of cheese common in the North Caucasus
Circassian cheese (Adyghe: адыгэ къуае Adyghe pronunciation: [aːdəɣa qʷaːja], Russian: адыгейский сыр adygeyskiy syr), is a cheese found across the North
Circassian_cheese
Circassian nationalism is the desire among Circassians worldwide to preserve their heritage and culture, save their language from extinction, raise awareness
Circassian_nationalism
Circassian dumplings originating from the North Caucasus
Mataz (Circassian: мэтазэ), often called psyhaluje (Circassian: псыхьалыжъо) or haluš, are filled dumplings in Circassian cuisine. They are made by wrapping
Mataz
Branch of the Circassian diaspora in Iraq
Circassians in Iraq refer to people born in or residing in Iraq who are of Circassian origin. "Circassians" in Iraq may refer to Circassians proper, but
Circassians_in_Iraq
Historical ethnic Circassian minority in Romania
The Circassians in Romania were an ethnic minority in the territory that constitutes modern Romania. The presence of people with names derived from the
Circassians_in_Romania
Cuisine indigenous to Europe
Romanian cuisine Transylvanian Saxon cuisine Russian cuisine Bashkir cuisine Chechen cuisine Circassian cuisine Kalmykian cuisine [ru] Komi cuisine Mordovian
European_cuisine
Fried dough turnover
turnover filled with either potatoes or Circassian cheese, and well known popular dish in the Circassian cuisine. Haliva stuffed with cottage cheese (Helive
Haliva
Fermented milk drink made from kefir grains
popular drink in the North Caucasus, it is a part of traditional Circassian cuisine to this day. Traditional kefir was made in goatskin bags that were
Kefir
Branch of the Circassian diaspora in Turkey
Circassians in Turkey refers to people born in or residing in Turkey that are of Circassian origin. The Circassians are one of the largest ethnic minorities
Circassians_in_Turkey
American citizens and nationals who are ethnic Circassians
Circassian identity in the US remains the Adyghe Xabze. The community is multilingual, speaking Circassian, English, and Arabic. Circassian cuisine is
Circassian_Americans
Armed conflict in the Caucasus (1763–1864)
The Russo–Circassian War, also known as the Russian invasion of Circassia, or termed by the Circassians as the Great War with the Tsar took place in the
Russo–Circassian_War
National flag of the Circassians
The Circassian flag (Adyghe and Kabardian: Адыгэ нып) is the national flag of the Circassians. It consists of a green field charged with twelve gold stars
Circassian_flag
This was achieved by reforms of some Circassian leaders, as well as a series of violent revolts by Circassian peasants (Adyghe: Фэкъолӏ зау, lit. 'The
Circassian_Revolution
Branch of the Circassian diaspora in Syria
Circassians in Syria refer to the Circassian diaspora that settled in Syria (then part of the Ottoman Empire) in the 19th century. They moved to Syria
Circassians_in_Syria
Ethnic group
The Circassians in Iran are an ethnic minority in Iran. Circassians in Iran differ somewhat from other Circassian diasporas, in that most in the former
Circassians_in_Iran
Ethnic group
food, and arts. Circassian cuisine is an ethnic cuisine, based on the cooking style and traditions of the Circassians. Circassian cuisine consists of many
Circassians_in_Germany
Liquid, cream, or semi-solid food served on or used in preparing other foods
in Georgian cuisine and found also in parts of Russia, Armenia, and Georgia. Ships (sauce) is a traditional sauce of Circassian cuisine, made on a base
Sauce
Egyptians of partial or full ethnic Circassian origin
The Circassians in Egypt (Adyghe: Мысырым ис Адыгэхэр, romanized: Mısırım yis Adıgəxər; Arabic: الشركس في مصر) are people of Egypt with Circassian origin
Circassians_in_Egypt
Northwest Caucasian language
also known as West Circassian, (or Lower Circassian) is a Northwest Caucasian language spoken by the western subgroups of Circassians. Native to Circassia
Adyghe_language
Circassian music refers to the traditional songs and instruments of the Circassians. Circassian music is characterized by certain instruments, including:
Circassian_music
Northwest Caucasian language natively spoken by Circassians
also known as East Circassian and Kabardian-Circassian, is a Northwest Caucasian language spoken by the eastern subgroups of Circassians. Native to Circassia
Kabardian_language
International Circassian Association (ICA) is the umbrella organization that represents all Circassian institutions around the world. In various Circassian communities
International Circassian Association
International_Circassian_Association
Moral code of the Circassian people
The Adyghe Khabze is the traditional worldview and moral code of the Circassian people. It regulates most aspects of individual as well as social life
Adyghe_Khabze
Folklore of the North Caucasus
mythology of the ethnic groups in the area, including Abazin, Abkhaz, Circassian, Ossetian, Karachay-Balkar, and to some extent Chechen-Ingush folklore
Nart_saga
Maize porridge from the Balkans
Tarator Turkish cold bulgur soup Yoğurt Cheeses Beyaz peynir Braided cheese Circassian cheese Civil peyniri Çömlek cheese Dolaz cheese Hellim Kars gravyer cheese
Kačamak
Circassian Uprising against Golden Horde 1319-1327
The Circassian–Golden Horde War (1319–1327) was a series of military engagements between the Mongol-led Golden Horde and the Circassians (Zichia). During
Circassian–Golden Horde War (1319–1327)
Circassian–Golden_Horde_War_(1319–1327)
First-level administrative division of Russia
representing the indigenous Caucasian-Turkic Karachay people and the Cherkess or Circassian people. Karachays form the largest ethnic group at around 44% of the population
Karachay-Cherkessia
Ethnic group in Kosovo
The Circassians in Kosovo were a group of the Circassian people who lived in Kosovo beginning in the mid-19th century, when they were exiled during the
Circassians_in_Kosovo
Culinary traditions of Turkey
cuisine Balkan cuisine Albanian cuisine Bosnian cuisine Bulgarian cuisine Hungarian cuisine Macedonian cuisine Moldovan cuisine Montenegrin cuisine Romani
Turkish_cuisine
Medieval Circassian kingdom
Zichia (/ˈzɪkiə/; Medieval Circassian: Адзыгъуей, Adyghe: Адыгей) was the predecessor of Circassia and a medieval kingdom on the northeastern shore of
Zichia
Republic of Russia in the North Caucasus
century BCE. During this period, the region was known as Zichia, a medieval Circassian kingdom located on the northeastern shore of the Black Sea. Historical
Kabardino-Balkaria
Circassian tribe
Kabardinians are one of the twelve major Circassian tribes, representing one of the twelve stars on the green-and-gold Circassian flag. They are also commonly known
Kabardians
Annual commemoration of Circassian genocide victims (21 May)
The Circassian Day of Mourning (Adyghe: Шъыгъо-шӏэжъ маф, Shygho-shezh maf; Russian: День памяти жертв Кавказской войны, Den pamyati zhertv Kavkazskoy
Circassian_Day_of_Mourning
Notable people of Circassian origin
incomplete list of world-famous or notable Circassians, including both full Circassians and people of at least 50% Circassian descent. Figures who belong in two
List_of_Circassians
Caucasian ethnic group
are one of the Circassian tribes, represented by one of the twelve stars on the green-and-gold Circassian flag. Along with the Circassian tribes of Natukhai
Ubykh_people
Ethnic group
identified themselves as Circassian. After the Circassian genocide following the Russo-Circassian War, large number of Circassians were exiled to the Ottoman
Circassians_in_Bulgaria
Historical ethnic group of the Sea of Azov
ethnographers concluded that the Maeotians were among the ancestors of the Circassian (Adyghe) people. The modern Adyghe name of the people is МыутIэхэр, Mıwt'əxər
Maeotians
Dish from Circassian cuisine
(Adyghe: Лэпсы; Turkish: Lepsi) is a dish from Circassian cuisine, eaten mainly in the Düzce area by both Circassian and Turkish people. The ingredients are
Lepsi_(dish)
First-level administrative division of Russia
one of Russia's ethnic republics, primarily representing the indigenous Circassian people who form 25% of the Republic's population, while Russians form
Adygea
Circassian tribe
The Abzakh (Circassian: Абдзах, Abdzakh; Russian: абадзехи) also known as Abdzakhs or Abadzekhs are one of the twelve major Circassian tribes, representing
Abzakhs
Circassian tribe
Zhane were one of the twelve major Circassian tribes, representing one of the twelve stars on the green-and-gold Circassian flag. They lived in the Zhane Principality
Zhane_tribe
Traditional Caucasian dish
v t e Dumplings List of dumplings American cuisine North America Apple dumpling Chicken and dumplings Crab Rangoon Knoephla Manapua Poutine râpée Rivels
Hingel
Circassian tribe
Natukhaj are one of the twelve major Circassian tribes, representing one of the twelve stars on the green-and-gold Circassian flag. Their areas historically
Natukhajs
Mongol conquest of Northern Caucasia
William of Rubruck, who travelled to the Caucasus in 1253, wrote that the Circassians had never "bowed to Mongol rule", despite the fact that a whole fifth
Mongol_invasion_of_Circassia
Circassian tribe
(also known as the Shapsugh or Shapsogh) are one of the twelve major Circassian tribes. Historically, the Shapsug tribe comprised one of the largest groups
Shapsugs
Religious beliefs in Circassia
majority of ethnic Circassians today are Muslim while a minority retain Orthodox Christian or pagan beliefs. Historically, Circassians were predominantly
Religion_in_Circassia
Part of the Circassian genocide
Circassian leaders to Her Majesty Queen Victoria A Petition from Circassian leaders to Her Majesty Queen Victoria was a document sent by Circassian leaders
A Petition from Circassian leaders to Her Majesty Queen Victoria
A_Petition_from_Circassian_leaders_to_Her_Majesty_Queen_Victoria
Extinct Circassian tribe
(Adyghe: Гъуае) were one of the Circassian tribes. They were destroyed after the Circassian genocide following the Russo-Circassian War, as not a single member
Guaye
Circassian tribe
[bʐɐdɘʁʷ]; Russian: Бжедуги; Turkish: Bjeduğlar) are one of the twelve major Circassian tribes. Many of them immigrated to Turkey in the 1860s, but there is still
Bzhedugs
Social movement in 19th century Circassia
unity in early 19th-century Circassia, which was adopted by prominent Circassian figures (such as local rulers, commanders, aristocrats, clergy, and thamate
National_Oath
Circassian diaspora in Cyprus
Circassians in Cyprus (Adyghe: Къыбрысым ис Адыгэхэр; Turkish: Kıbrıs Çerkesleri; Greek: Κιρκάσιοι στην Κύπρο), refers to the Circassian community in Cyprus
Circassians_in_Cyprus
Ancient nation in the Western Caucuses
whose designations were subsequently replaced with the names of several Circassian tribes, confirm this. Zichia Kassogians Circassia William Smith, LLD.
Zygii
1861–64 legislature of Circassia
The Circassian Parliament or the Circassian Majlis (Adyghe: Адыгэ Хасэ, romanized: Adygə Xasə, IPA: [aːdɘɣə́ xaːsə́]), also called the Great Parliament
Parliament of Independence (Circassia)
Parliament_of_Independence_(Circassia)
Circassian against Golden Horde 1492
brief military and diplomatic episode involving the Great Horde and the Circassians, which took place in the North Caucasus region during the internal decline
Pyatigorsk_War
Circassian tribe
Russians) are one of the twelve major Circassian tribes, representing one of the twelve stars on the green-and-gold Circassian flag. They lived between the lower
Chemguys
Circassian Conference in Tbilisi in March 2010
Crimes was a Circassian congress or conference held March 20, 2010, in the Georgian capital of Tbilisi, funded in part by the Circassian members of the
Hidden Nations, Enduring Crimes
Hidden_Nations,_Enduring_Crimes
Extinct Circassian tribe
Adamians (Adyghe: Адэмый, romanized: Adəmıy) were a Circassian tribe who were massacred in the Circassian genocide. Today, they are assimilated into the Chemguy
Ademey
Chinese cuisine developed by Chinese Americans
Chinese cuisine, also known as Sino-American cuisine and often referred to in American English as simply Chinese food, is a style of Chinese cuisine developed
American_Chinese_cuisine
Circassian tribe
Hatuqay are one of the twelve major Circassian tribes, represented by one of the twelve stars on the green-and-gold Circassian flag. Their ancestral tongue is
Hatuqay
Extinct Circassian tribe
promoted to code: la ; Tatar: Adalecode: tat promoted to code: tt ) was a Circassian tribe centered on the Taman Peninsula which their principality lived during
Hytuk
Circassian association opposed to the Russian authoritarianism
Dernekleri Federasyonu) or KAFFED is the largest Circassian association in Turkey and is a union of Circassian and other North Caucasian associations from
KAFFED
Extinct Circassian tribe
Kheghache were one of the Circassian tribes. They were completely exterminated in the Circassian genocide following the Russo-Circassian War. None were recorded
Kheghache
Political party
the general chairman. It is a party founded by Circassians in Turkey, and is also known as the "Circassian Solidarity Party" in unofficial media, and defends
Pluralist Democracy Party (Turkey)
Pluralist_Democracy_Party_(Turkey)
Circassian warrior clan
ХьакӀуцу [ħaːkʷʼɘt͡sʷ]) were a Circassian warrior clan who were mostly destroyed in the Circassian genocide and the Russo-Circassian War. The remaining adherents
Hakuchey
Georgians, and of all other ethnic groups in the Caucasus, such as Chechens, Circassians, Ossetians, and many others. Ktor panir (կտոր պանիր) — is an Armenian
List of dishes from the Caucasus
List_of_dishes_from_the_Caucasus
Georgian poultry dish
walnut paste is known as Circassian chicken in Turkish, Levantine, and Egyptian cuisine, as well as aquz in the Caspian cuisine of northern Iran. Bazhe
Satsivi
Circassian tribe
Yegerukaevtsy) were one of the twelve major Circassian tribes, representing one of the twelve stars on the green-and-gold Circassian flag. There is also a small town
Yedjeruqay
Circassian nationalist charitable organization in the Ottoman Empire
The Circassian Union and Charity Society (Adyghe: Адыгэ Зэготын ыкӀи ЗэдэӀэпыӀэн Хасэ) or Çerkes İttihat ve Teavün Cemiyeti (Ottoman Turkish: چركس اتحاد
Circassian Union and Charity Society
Circassian_Union_and_Charity_Society
Extinct Circassian tribe
romanized: Məxhoṩ) were one of the Circassian tribes. The tribe was mostly annihilated in the Circassian genocide following the Russo-Circassian War. When the Bzhedug
Makhosh
Crimean Tatar savoury pastry
similar Circassian pastry Khuushuur, a similar kind of meat pastry in Mongolian cuisine Lángos Lörtsy, a similar kind of pastry in Finnish cuisine Pastel
Chebureki
Circassian tribe
Mamxegi) were one of the twelve major Circassian tribes, representing one of the twelve stars on the green-and-gold Circassian flag. Originally, the Mamkhegs
Mamkhegh
Circassian writer, publicist, and historian
Jaimoukha (Circassian: Жэмыхъуэ Амджэд, [ʒaməχʷa aːmd͡ʒad]; sometimes quoted as "Амыщ", the Circassian personal name) was a Jordanian Circassian writer,
Amjad_Jaimoukha
Extinct Circassian tribe
romanized: Tchopsınə) were a Circassian tribe. They were destroyed in the Circassian genocide following the Russo-Circassian War. Tchopsin in translation
Chebsin
the country, in order of the number of speakers: Turkish, Neo-Aramaic, Circassian, Chechen, Armenian, and Greek, none of which are official. Historically
Languages_of_Syria
just three days. Circassian cheese is made across the Caucasus (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and parts of Russia) by the Circassian people. It is made
List_of_Levantine_cheeses
Type of cuisine
New American cuisine, also known as Modern American cuisine or Contemporary American cuisine, is the wave of modernized cooking predominantly served at
New_American_cuisine
Type of dumpling popular in Central and West Asia
cuisine, Armenian cuisine and Central Asian cuisine, but also in West Asia, South Caucasus, and the Balkans. Manti is also popular in Turkish cuisine
Manti_(food)
Characteristic style of cooking practices and traditions
following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to cuisines: Cuisine – specific set of cooking traditions and practices, often associated
Outline_of_cuisines
Cuisine of the Ottoman Empire and its region
Ottoman cuisine is the cuisine of the Ottoman Empire and its continuation in the cuisines of Turkey, the Balkans (including Hungary and Moldova), the
Ottoman_cuisine
Capital city of Jordan
abandoned during the Ottoman period from the 15th century until 1878, when Circassians were resettled there. The city grew after it was connected to the Hejaz
Amman
Book by Nathan Myhrvold
Modernist Cuisine: The Art and Science of Cooking is a 2011 cookbook by Nathan Myhrvold, Chris Young and Maxime Bilet. The book is an encyclopedia and
Modernist_Cuisine
Ethnic Armenians in Krasnodar Krai and Adygea in Russia
Cherkesogai (Russian: Черкесогаи), or Circassian Armenians (Armenian: չերքեզահայեր cherk'ezahayer; Circassian: Адыгэ-ермэлы, Adyge-ermely; Russian: черкесские
Cherkesogai
Culinary traditions of Thalassery, Kerala
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Malabar cuisine. Thalassery cuisine refers to the distinct cuisine from Thalassery city of northern Kerala, which
Thalassery_cuisine
Culinary traditions of Jordan
also influenced by the cuisines of groups who have made a home for themselves in modern Jordan, including Armenians, Circassians, Iraqis, Palestinians
Jordanian_cuisine
Layered filo pastry dessert
origin of this pastry, but is considered a traditional dessert among the cuisine of countries in West Asia, Southeast Europe, Central Asia, and North Africa
Baklava
Middle Eastern condiment made from sesame
major ingredient in hummus, baba ghanoush, or halva. Tahini is used in the cuisines of the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean, the South Caucasus, the Balkans
Tahini
Small dish in Middle Eastern and Balkan cuisines
selection of small dishes served as appetizers in Eastern Mediterranean cuisines. It is similar to Spanish tapas and Italian stuzzichini. A meze may be
Meze
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