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Last Sasanian King from 632 to 651
Yazdegerd III (also Romanized as Yazdgerd, Yazdgird) was the last Sasanian King of Kings from 632 to 651. His death following successive defeats by the
Yazdegerd_III
Alleged wife of Husayn ibn Ali (died c. 659)
Ali ibn Husayn. She was reportedly a Sassanid princess, a daughter of Yazdegerd III, the last Sassanid emperor of Persia. Shahrbanu has also been referred
Shahrbanu
Prince of the Sasanians
Peroz III (Middle Persian: 𐭯𐭩𐭫𐭥𐭰, Pērōz; Middle Chinese: 卑路斯, Pje-loh-sie) was son of Yazdegerd III, the last King of Kings of Sasanian Iran. After
Peroz_III
Topics referred to by the same term
may refer to: Yazdegerd I (r. 399–420), Sasanian King of Persia Yazdegerd II (r. 438–457), Sasanian King, son of Bahram V Yazdegerd III (r. 632–651),
Yazdegerd
Internal conflict within the Persian Sasanian Empire
II's grandson Yazdegerd III on the throne, putting an end to the civil war. The Sasanian Empire was greatly weakened when Yazdegerd III ascended the throne
Sasanian_civil_war_of_628–632
Part of the Muslim conquest of Persia
Ctesiphon with a caliphate army of 15,000 soldiers. The Sasanian Emperor Yazdegerd III, fearing an invasion, acted quickly when he received news from his intelligence
Siege_of_Ctesiphon_(637)
with Ardashir I in 224, who was a Persian from Istakhr, and ended with Yazdegerd III in 651. Throughout its history, the Sasanian Empire had some Parthian
List of monarchs of the Sasanian Empire
List_of_monarchs_of_the_Sasanian_Empire
Part of the Muslim conquest of Persia (642 CE)
forces under An-Numan ibn Muqarrin and Sasanian army under King Yazdegerd III. Yazdegerd escaped to the Merv area, but was unable to raise another substantial
Battle_of_Nahavand
Series of Persian uprisings against Rashidun rule
these efforts, at times providing support to the last Sasanian emperor, Yazdegerd III. Internal instability during the First Fitna provided further opportunities
Persian revolts against the Rashidun Caliphate
Persian_revolts_against_the_Rashidun_Caliphate
Battle within the Muslim conquest of Persia (7th century CE)
had overrun Persia. Following his defeat, the last Sasanian Emperor, Yazdegerd III, became a hunted fugitive who fled to Central Asia and then to China
Battle_of_Oxus_River
Afghan aristocrat, marzban of Merv, Sasanian Empire (7th century AD)
"margrave") of Merv during the reign of the last Sasanian king of kings Yazdegerd III (r. 632–651). Mahoe was probably from the House of Suren, one of the
Mahoe_Suri
Rashidun Caliphate's conquest of the Sasanian Empire
administration, until Yazdegerd III rose to power. All these factors undermined the strength of the Persian army. Yazdegerd III was merely 8 years old
Muslim_conquest_of_Persia
King of Kings of Iranians and non-Iranians
from 632 to 642, overlapping with the first decade of the reign of Yazdegerd III (r. 632–651). Khosrow IV's full name was Farrokhzad Khosrow. "Farrokhzad"
Khosrow_IV
Sasanian queen of Iran
Boran was killed by strangulation. She was succeeded by her nephew Yazdegerd III, the last Sasanian ruler, making her the penultimate ruler of the Sasanian
Boran
Sasanian prince
brothers and half-brothers executed. Shahriyar was survived by his son Yazdegerd III, who would later rule the Sasanian Empire from 632 to 651. Shahriyar
Shahriyar_(son_of_Khosrow_II)
Shahanshah of the Sasanian Empire from 438 to 457
between his two sons Hormizd III and Peroz I for the throne, with the latter emerging victorious. The name of Yazdegerd is a combination of the Old Iranian
Yazdegerd_II
1936 history book by Arthur Christensen
unstable reigns of Hormizd V, Khosrow IV and Peroz II, culminating with Yazdegerd III, who is noted as the last Sasanian sovereign. The narrative details
L'Iran_sous_les_Sassanides
Part of the Muslim conquest of Persia (636 CE)
regnant on the understanding that she would vacate the throne upon Yazdegerd III (632–651), the son of Shahriyar and grandson of Khosrow II, attaining
Battle_of_al-Qadisiyyah
Last pre-Islamic Iranian empire (224–651 AD)
of Nihawānd 644: The Muslims conquer Khorasan; Yazdegerd III becomes a hunted fugitive 651: Yazdegerd III flees eastward from one district to another, until
Sasanian_Empire
co-governed al-Hira after the execution of the last Lakhmid ruler al-Nu'man III in 602. During his governorship, Azadbeh managed to secure his position by
Azadbeh
Early phase of the mid-7th-century Arab conquest of Iran
al-Thaqafi that ultimately overran the province. The Sasanian emperor Yazdegerd III, who had travelled to Pars to command the defense against the Arabs
Arab_conquest_of_Fars
Calendar year
Black Cumania. Kubrat's rule stretches from Dacia to Poltava. June 16 – Yazdegerd III, age 8, ascends to the throne as king (shah) of the Persian Empire.
632
Iranian imperial family from 224 to 651
(Persian: اردوان Ardavan) and ended when the last Sasanian monarch, Yazdegerd III (632–651), lost a 19-year struggle to drive out the early Arab Caliphate
Sasanian_family_tree
Conquests of the Rashidun Caliphate, 634–644
the year 635, Emperor Heraclius allied with Sassanid Persian Emperor Yazdegerd III on the latter's request to crush the Muslim power. A plan was agreed
Military conquests of Umar's era
Military_conquests_of_Umar's_era
Part of the Islamic conquest of Persia
was the capital of Khurasan and here Yazdegerd III held his court. On hearing of the Muslim advance, Yazdegerd III left for Balkh. No resistance was offered
Muslim_conquest_of_Khorasan
650s battle
Sasanians and the Rashidun Caliphate in 650–51. The Sasanian emperor Yazdegerd III made it to Estakhr, which is approximately 8 km northeast of Persepolis
Battle_of_Istakhr_(650–651)
Province of the Sasanian Empire
king Yazdegerd III fled to Sakastan in the mid-640s, where its governor Aparviz (who was more or less independent), helped him. However, Yazdegerd III quickly
Sakastan_(Sasanian_province)
Sasanian general
to execute his father. In 632, after a period of coups and revolts, Yazdegerd III (r. 632–651) was crowned as king of the Sasanian Empire at Estakhr,
Hormuzan
Rashidun caliph from 634 to 644
Heraclius and Yazdegerd III allied against their common enemy.[citation needed] He was lucky in that the Persian Emperor Yazdegerd III couldn't synchronise
Umar
Shahanshah of the Sasanian Empire from 399 to 420
Shapur III (r. 383–388), he succeeded his brother Bahram IV (r. 388–399) after the latter's assassination. The largely uneventful reign of Yazdegerd I is
Yazdegerd_I
Nomadic ruler of Tokharistan (died c. 710)
he allied with the marzban of Merv against the Sasanian ruler Yazdegerd III. Yazdegerd III was defeated and barely escaped with his life, but he was murdered
Nezak_Tarkhan
Founding house of the Sasanian Empire (224–651)
conquest of Persia by the Rashidun Caliphate in 651 and the death of Yazdegerd III, members of the imperial sassanid family fled in exile, and sought refuge
Sasanian_dynasty
Historical region of Iran
requested the aid of (shahanshah) Yazdegerd III (r. 632–651). Being unable to suppress the revolt, Yazdegerd III instead acknowledged Gil Gavbara as
Tabaristan
Sasanian military officer
Shahrvaraz Jadhuyih (Persian: شهربراز جادویه) was a Sasanian military officer from the Mihran family. He was related to Shahrbaraz, the Sasanian spahbed
Shahrvaraz_Jadhuyih
636 CE conflict between the Rashidun Caliphate and Byzantine Empire
prepared for a counterattack to reacquire the lost regions. In 635 Yazdegerd III, the Emperor of Persia, sought an alliance with the Byzantine Emperor
Battle_of_the_Yarmuk
Mihran-i Hamadani, known in Arabic sources as Mihran ibn Mihrbundadh, was a Sasanian military officer from the Mihran family. He was the son of a certain
Mihran-i_Hamadani
Iranian nobleman
as the Asawira). During the Arab invasion of Iran, the Sasanian king Yazdegerd III (r. 632–651) sent 300 men under Siyah al-Uswari to defend Khuzestan
Siyah_al-Uswari
Mardanshah (Persian: مردانشاه) was a Sassanian Persian general, the Arabs referred him to as Dhul Hājib (Arabic: ذو الحاجب, the "owner of bushy eyebrows")
Mardanshah
Christian Dagestan state, 5th-12th century
Bahram V. The first king allegedly arrived in Dagestan as an emissary of Yazdegerd III, bringing with him the Sasanian throne and the imperial treasure after
Sarir
Region in Iran and Afghanistan
king Yazdegerd III fled to Sakastan in the mid-640s, where its governor Aparviz (who was more or less independent), helped him. However, Yazdegerd III quickly
Sistan
Religious date system
or Yazdgerdi) counts from the accession of the last Sassanid ruler, Yazdegerd III (16 June 632 CE). This convention was proposed by Cama in the 1860s
Zoroastrian_calendar
Sasanian noble
Mardanshah was an Iranian nobleman from the House of Karen, who was the founder of the Masmughans of Damavand dynasty, which included Larijan and its surrounding
Mardanshah_of_Damavand
Sassanid noble
Khosrau II, ascend the throne. After a period of coups and revolts, Yazdegerd III was crowned as king of the Sasanian Empire in 632 at Estakhr. With his
Narsi
Sasanian military commander
651 AD) was a Sasanian military commander. She commanded the army of Yazdegerd III against the Arab invasion of 651 AD. She was the daughter of Piran.
Apranik
Ghaznavid rulers nevertheless claimed descent from the Sasanian ruler Yazdegerd III (c. 633–651). Sabuktigin ruled with the title al-ḥājeb al-ajall (lit
List_of_monarchs_of_Iran
7th century Iranian dynasty
mountains in Tabaristan) by the last king of kings of the Sasanian Empire, Yazdegerd III. After the Muslim conquest of Persia, the nobles of the Houses of Ispahbudan
Dabuyid_dynasty
Sasanian military officer (d. 637)
Mihran-i Bahram-i Razi, better known as Mihran Razi, was an Iranian military officer from the Mihran family. He was killed in 637 at the Battle of Jalula
Mihran_Razi
Persian legends tale
Kiumars, down to the defeat and death of the last Sasanian emperor, Yazdegerd III, at the hands of the Arab armies of Islam in the middle of the seventh
Rostam_and_Sohrab
Mid-7th-century Iranian marzban of Sakastan
Aparviz was an Iranian aristocrat, who served as the marzban (general of a frontier province, "margrave") of Sakastan in the 7th century. He is first mentioned
Aparviz_of_Sakastan
Muslim general (c. 595 – 674)
faction of the Sassanid civil war that steered the policies of the young Yazdegerd III was at odds with Rostam, the commander of the empire's most powerful
Sa'd_ibn_Abi_Waqqas
Sasanian military general (died 636)
Adurbadagan under the Sasanian monarchs Boran (r. 630–630, 631–632) and Yazdegerd III (r. 632–651). Rostam is remembered as a historical figure, a character
Rostam_Farrokhzad
Sasanian military officer (d. 642)
Piruz and Rostam then agreed to work together once again, and crowned Yazdegerd III, the grandson of Khosrow II, as the new king of the empire. One year
Piruz_Khosrow
Persian dynasty
the accession of Ardashir II. 383 – Coronation of Shapur III. 399 – Coronation of Yazdegerd I, titled “the Sinner” owing to his efforts to control the
Timeline of the Sasanian Empire
Timeline_of_the_Sasanian_Empire
Ispahbadh of Tabaristan
greatly weakened the Sasanian Empire, but by 632, when Khosrow's grandson Yazdegerd III (r. 632–651) ascended the throne, order was somewhat restored. However
Farrukhzad
Tang dynasty general
Persian general who fled to the Tang dynasty with his father, Peroz III, son of Yazdegerd III, the last Sasanian emperor of Persia, after the Muslim conquest
Narsieh
Emperor of the Sasanian Empire from 590 to 628
The civil war finally ended when Khosrow's eight-year-old grandson, Yazdegerd III, ascended the throne. The young emperor, however, inherited a disintegrating
Khosrow_II
Isfandyadh (Middle Persian: Spandiyār) was an Iranian aristocrat from the Ispahbudhan family, who was the ruler of the Sasanian province of Adurbadagan
Isfandyadh
Televised early Islamic historical drama
Hudhayfa Yasser Abdel-Latif as Al-Najashi Amer Ali as Yazdegerd III Maram Ben Aziza as wife of Yazdegerd III (Maria) Jay Abdo as satrap Iyad Abu Al-Shamat as
Omar_(TV_series)
7th-century Iranian aristocrat
Shahriyar was an Iranian aristocrat, who served as the commander of Kutha, an ancient city close to the Sasanian capital of Ctesiphon. Born in Derbent
Shahriyar_of_Derbent
Sasanian noble
Bahram VII (Middle Persian: Wahrām) was the son of Yazdegerd III, the last Shahanshah of the Sasanian Empire. After the death of his father at Merv in
Bahram_VII
Byzantine emperor from 610 to 641
all succeeded to the throne within months of each other. Only when Yazdegerd III, a grandson of Khosrow II, succeeded to the throne in 632, was there
Heraclius
Historical area of Iran
488–496, 498–531). During the Arab invasion of Iran, the last shahanshah Yazdegerd III (r. 632–651) reportedly granted control over Tabaristan to the Dabuyid
Ruyan_(district)
Ethnic group of Persian people
king Yazdegerd III fled to Sakastan in the mid-640s, where its governor Aparviz (who was more or less independent), helped him. However, Yazdegerd III quickly
Sistani_Persians
633 battle between Rashidun Caliphate and Sassanid Empire
The Sassanian Emperor, Yazdegerd III ordered the concentration of another two armies. Following the orders of Yazdegerd III, Sassanid forces began to
Battle_of_Walaja
& Schacht, J. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Volume III: H–Iram. Leiden: E. J. Brill. OCLC 495469525. Zakeri, Mohsen (1995). Sāsānid
Faylakan
Cambridge University Press. pp. 1–57. ISBN 978-0-521-20093-6. Shahbazi, A. Sh. (1988). "BAHRĀM (2)". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. III, Fasc. 5. pp. 514–522.
Mihran_Bahram-i_Chobin
634 battle between Sasanians and Arab Muslims
al-Thaqafi † Al-Hakam al-Thaqafi † Jabr ibn Abi Ubayd † Al-Muthanna (WIA) Yazdegerd III Bahman Jadhuyih Jalinus Strength 6,000–10,000 10,000 Casualties and
Battle_of_the_Bridge
Sasanian general
Sasanian Empire at that time. He may have been the same person as Mushegh III Mamikonian or Gregory of Siwnik, who both also served the Sasanians in the
Jalinus
7th-century Sasanian general
army was defeated. Bahman withdrew to Ctesiphon, where the young king Yazdegerd III—then ill—commanded him to launch a counterattack. Instead, Bahman delegated
Bahman_Jaduya
Ancient battle in the Muslim conquest of Khuzestan
his base in his raids in Meshan against the Arabs. The Sasanian king Yazdegerd III (r. 632–651) supported him in these raids and believed that it was possible
Siege_of_Shushtar
Armenian general of the Sasanian army (d. 636)
Mushegh III Mamikonian (Old Armenian: Մուշեղ Մամիկոնեան) was an Armenian prince and general in the Sasanian army that fought against the Arabs during
Mushegh_III_Mamikonian
1979 Persian play
"Regicide") (Persian: مرگ یزدگرد) is a Persian play about the death of Yazdegerd III by Bahram Beyzai, often considered his magnum opus, which he adapted
Death_of_Yazdgerd
Iranica, Vol. II, Fasc. 2. pp. 203–210. A. K. S., Lambton (1999). "FĀRS iii. History in the Islamic Period". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. IX, Fasc. 4
Shahrag
Governor of al-Hirah (r. 613–618)
dynasty that used to rule the Lakhmid kingdom. Later that year al-Nu'man III became king of the Lakhmid kingdom and replaced Qabisah as ruler of al-Hirah
Iyas_ibn_Qabisah_al-Ta'i
Middle Persian historical text
531–579), and enlarged in the reign of the last Sasanian monarch, Yazdegerd III (r. 632–651). It was translated into Arabic in the 8th century by the
Khwaday-Namag
Type of coin
to the Muslims are copies of silver Dirhams of the Sassanian ruler Yazdegerd III, struck during the Caliphate of Uthman. These coins differ from the
Gold_dinar
10th-century Iranian aristocrat
appears that Suzani refers to someone named Kamgar, who is the son of Yazdegerd III. Mohammadi et al. (2013), in his interpretation of the Book of Kings
Ahmad_ibn_Sahl
Mihranid prince of Caucasian Albania (d. 669)
Yazdegerd III so he could move out of the city. The court, ministries, and the majority of the populace of the city likely went along with Yazdegerd III
Juansher
Place in Sindh, Pakistan
Rai dynasty Yazdegerd III visited the present day city Matli in District Badin, Sindh. There he married a Sindhi princess with whom Yazdegerd had two daughters
Matli
Shahanshah of the Sasanian Empire from 457 to 459
as Ormizd and in Georgian as Urmizd. Hormizd III was the eldest son and heir of the Sasanian shah Yazdegerd II, and governed the eastern province of Sakastan
Hormizd_III
Muta was a 7th-century Daylamite king, who fought against the Arabs in the battle of Waj Rudh. He was, however, defeated and killed by Nu'aym ibn Muqarrin
Muta_of_Daylam
King of Kings of Iranians and non-Iranians
Yazdegerd' (also spelled Yazdgerd and Yazdgird; Middle Persian: 𐭩𐭦𐭣𐭪𐭥𐭲𐭩) sometimes possibly referred to as Yazdegerd the Meek, was a potential
Yazdegerd_(son_of_Bahram_IV)
Andarzaghar was a 7th-century Sasanian general who fought against the Muslims during the Islamic invasion of Iran. A native of Asoristan, he belonged to
Andarzaghar
Historical region in modern Turkmenistan
Nihawand, much like Darius III, the last Sasanian king, Yazdegerd III, fled eastward and arrived in Margiana in 651 AD. Yazdegerd was well received by Mahoe
Margiana
King of Caucasian Albania from 628 to c. 654
Ctesiphon before Yazdegerd III and fight at the Battle of al-Qadisiyyah in 636. According to Toumanoff, he was deposed by Yazdegerd III while he was alive
Varaz_Grigor
Province of the Sasanian Empire in Late Antiquity
ibn Ma'mar, was defeated and killed. In 650/1, the Sasanian emperor Yazdegerd III went to Istakhr and tried to plan an organized resistance against the
Pars_(Sasanian_province)
Plague epidemic in Mesopotamia, 627–628 CE
empire followed from 634 to 642 during the reign of Kavad's successor Yazdegerd III. The Sasanian Empire was already unstable when the Plague of Sheroe
Plague_of_Sheroe
5th–8th-century nomadic confederation in Central Asia
of Badghis allied with the Marzban of Merv attack Yazdegerd and defeated him in 651. Yazdegerd III barely escaped with his life but was murdered in the
Hephthalites
Date system of time since an epoch event
Sassanid ruler, Yazdegerd III of Persia, crowned 16 June 632, continued to be used as the reference year, abbreviated Y.Z. or "Yazdegerd era". The Republican
Calendar_era
Ruling title used by certain historical monarchs
later Sasanian kings. The final Shahanshah of the Sasanian Empire was Yazdegerd III (r. 632–651 AD). His reign ended with the defeat and conquest of Persia
King_of_Kings
Historical ethnic group in the Middle East
the city of Haumat al-Zutt in Khuzistan. The last Sassanid emperor, Yazdegerd III, called Zutt from Sind to help in his war against Arabs. They fought
Zuṭṭ
Name list
a Persian slave who killed the second caliph, Umar Peroz III (636-679), son of Yazdegerd III, the last Sasanian emperor, who traveled to Tang China and
Feroz
King of Kings of Iranians and non-Iranians
was overthrown by the same troops who had previously supported him. Yazdegerd III, another grandson of Khosrow II, with the support of the nobles, succeeded
Hormizd_VI
Province of the Sasanian Empire
commander Bahram Chobin. After the death of the last Sasanian king Yazdegerd III (r. 632–651) in 651, the province was annexed by the Hephthalite ruler
Harev_(province)
Persian poet (940–1025)
Kings”), whose final redaction has been associated with the reign of Yazdegerd III. The work itself has not survived, though later authors refer to multiple
Ferdowsi
Conquest of Azerbaijan by the Muslims
and leaders Umar ibn al-Khattab X Uthman ibn Affan Al-Mughirah bin Shuba Hudhayfah ibn al-Yaman Bukayr ibn Abdallah Yazdegerd III Isfandyadh Bahram VII
Muslim_conquest_of_Azerbaijan
Tabaristan and Gurgan under the authority of the last Sasanian emperor Yazdegerd III (r. 632–651). The name of Adhar Valash is a combination of ādur/ādar
Adhar_Valash
Ispahbudhan, under their leader Farrukhzad, who had mutinied against Yazdegerd III. Yazdegerd III fled from one district to another until a local miller killed
History_of_Iran
Port city in southern Iraq
Basra's control. Ibn Amir led his forces to their final victory over Yazdegerd III, the Sassanid King of Kings. In 656, Uthman was murdered and Ali was
Basra
Period of social discontinuity
the Sasanian nobles of different factions. Ended with the victory of Yazdegerd III and contributed to the fall of the Sasanian Empire. The 1022–1072 period
Interregnum
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