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Logic gate
The XOR gate (sometimes EOR, or EXOR and pronounced as exclusive OR, ksor or sometimes EX-OR) is a digital logic gate that gives a true (1 or HIGH) output
XOR_gate
True when either but not both inputs are true
biconditional. With two inputs, XOR is true if and only if the inputs differ (one is true, one is false). With multiple inputs, XOR is true if and only if the
Exclusive_or
Digital logic gate
logic gate whose function is the logical complement of the exclusive OR (XOR) gate. It is equivalent to the logical connective ( ↔ {\displaystyle \leftrightarrow
XNOR_gate
Logic constructed only from NAND gates
an OR gate with an inverted output. Output is high when neither input A nor input B is high. An XOR gate is made by connecting four NAND gates as shown
NAND_logic
Digital circuit that produces sums from inputs
2C+S} . The simplest half-adder design incorporates an XOR gate for S {\displaystyle S} and an AND gate for C {\displaystyle C} . The Boolean logic for the
Adder_(electronics)
Logic gate implementing negation
and input. Controlled NOT gate AND gate OR gate NAND gate NOR gate XOR gate XNOR gate IMPLY gate Boolean algebra Logic gate Van Houtven, Laurens (2017)
Inverter_(logic_gate)
Making other gates using just NOR gates
de Morgan's Law that a NOR gate is an inverted-input AND gate. This construction uses five gates instead of four. An XOR gate is made by considering the
NOR_logic
Topics referred to by the same term
also refer to: XOR cipher, an encryption algorithm XOR gate, a digital logic gate bitwise XOR, an operator used in computer programming XOR (video game)
XOR_(disambiguation)
Device performing a Boolean function
individual gates. There are seven basic logic gates: NOT, OR, NOR (Negation of the OR statement), AND, NAND (Negation of the AND statement), XOR (Exclusive
Logic_gate
Device which extracts info from a modulated radio frequency current or voltage
described above can also be accomplished by combining, in an exclusive-OR (XOR) logic gate, the limited original FM signal and either a copy of that signal passed
Detector_(radio)
Digital logic gate type
has media related to OR gates. AND gate NOT gate NAND gate NOR gate XOR gate XNOR gate Boolean algebra Logic gate "Logic OR Gate Tutorial". Electronics
OR_gate
Quantum logic gate
CNOT gate corresponds to the result of a classical XOR gate. Fixing CONTROL as | 1 ⟩ {\displaystyle |1\rangle } , the TARGET output of the CNOT gate yields
Controlled_NOT_gate
Universal reversible logic gate, applied in quantum computing
A NOT gate, for example, can be constructed from a Toffoli gate by setting the three input bits to {a, 1, 1}, making the third output bit (1 XOR (a AND
Toffoli_gate
Digital logic gate type
AND gates 12-input AND gate made from 3 NAND and 1 NOR gate Wikimedia Commons has media related to AND gates. OR gate NOT gate NAND gate NOR gate XOR gate
AND_gate
Electrical circuit detecting phase difference
be made from an exclusive-OR (XOR) logic gate. When the two signals being compared are completely in-phase, the XOR gate's output will have a constant level
Phase_detector
Computing circuit
to use an XOR gate to precede each bit instead. The first input to the XOR gate is the actual input bit The second input for each XOR gate is the control
Adder–subtractor
Digital logic gate
media related to IMPLY_gates. NIMPLY gate AND gate NOT gate NAND gate NOR gate XOR gate XNOR gate Boolean algebra (logic) Logic gates "Implication Logic"
IMPLY_gate
Digital logic gate
using NAND logic. AND gate Boolean algebra (logic) Flash memory NAND gate NAND logic NOR logic NOT gate OR gate XNOR gate XOR gate Smith, J.S. "Digital
NOR_gate
Molecule that performs a logical operation
XOR, NAND, NOR, XNOR, and INH are two-input logic gates. The AND, OR, and XOR gates are fundamental logic gates, and the NAND, NOR, and XNOR gates are
Molecular_logic_gate
Mechanical computer built using dominoes
P to the output signal Q such that the logic gate is equivalent to Q AND (NOT P). Similarly, an XOR gate can be realized with feedback from both inputs
Domino_computer
The 4048 is an 8-input gate too (see below). The 4572 has a NOR gate and NAND gate (see above). AND-OR-invert (AOI) logic gates: 4085 = Dual 2-wide 2-input
List of 4000-series integrated circuits
List_of_4000-series_integrated_circuits
Serial bus interface standard
with the clock signal through an XOR gate, creating a strobe signal. This strobe is then put through another XOR gate along with the data signal to reconstruct
IEEE_1394
Concept in computer science
physically reversible, depending on its implementation. The exclusive or (XOR) gate is irreversible because its two inputs cannot be unambiguously reconstructed
Reversible_computing
Use of a fluid to perform analog or digital operations
also be implemented with the XOR gate, as A XOR 1 = Ā. Another kind of fluidic logic is bubble logic. Bubble logic gates conserve the number of bits entering
Fluidics
Computer science topic
they are the same. For example: 0101 (decimal 5) XOR 0011 (decimal 3) = 0110 (decimal 6) The bitwise XOR may be used to invert selected bits in a register
Bitwise_operation
implementing an XOR gate is by using a 2-2-OAI-gate with non-inverted and inverted inputs. Hendrichs, Norman. "CMOS OAI31 or-and-invert complex gate". University
OR-AND-invert
2-2 AOI gate, one is expandable (SN54 is military version of SN74) SN74LS51 = 2-2 AOI gate and 3-3 AOI gate SN54LS54 = single 2-3-3-2 AOI gate Parts in
List of 7400-series integrated circuits
List_of_7400-series_integrated_circuits
Digital logic gate
The NIMPLY gate is often used in synthetic biology and genetic circuits. IMPLY gate AND gate NOT gate NAND gate NOR gate XOR gate XNOR gate Boolean algebra
NIMPLY_gate
Cryptographic protocol for two-party computation
circuit out of 2-input XOR and AND gates. It is important that the generated circuit has the minimum number of AND gates (see Free XOR optimization). There
Garbled_circuit
Type of shift register in computing
of single bits is exclusive-or (XOR). Thus, an LFSR is most often a shift register whose input bit is driven by the XOR of some bits of the overall shift
Linear-feedback shift register
Linear-feedback_shift_register
Bit added to a binary string for error detection
as XOR gates output what is equivalent to a check bit that creates an even parity, and XOR logic design easily scales to any number of inputs. XOR and
Parity_bit
Electronic circuit with two stable states
multiplexer, or by using two single-edge triggered D-type flip-flops and three XOR gates. An efficient functional alternative to a D flip-flop can be made with
Flip-flop_(electronics)
Electronic control system
output that allows a reliable indication of an out-of-lock condition. An XOR gate is often used for digital PLLs as an effective yet simple phase detector
Phase-locked_loop
Basic circuit in quantum computing
with the single qubit Hadamard gate. The Toffoli gate is related to the classical AND ( ∧ {\displaystyle \land } ) and XOR ( ⊕ {\displaystyle \oplus } )
Quantum_logic_gate
Logical connective
follows: It is equivalent to that produced by the XNOR gate, and opposite to that produced by the XOR gate. ↔⇔≡⟺ Logical symbols representing iff The corresponding
If_and_only_if
Mathematical table used in logic
general "truth tables". For example, one value, G, may be used with an XOR gate to conditionally invert another value, X. In other words, when G is false
Truth_table
Array of logic gates that are reprogrammable
perform complex combinational functions, or act as simple logic gates like AND and XOR. In most FPGAs, logic blocks also include memory elements, which
Field-programmable_gate_array
Universal reversible logic gate, applied in quantum computing
Fredkin gate can be defined using truth functions with AND, OR, XOR, and NOT, as follows: O1 = I1 XOR S, O2 = I2 XOR S, Cout = Cin, where S = (I1 XOR I2)
Fredkin_gate
American musical group
Elecktroids, NRSB-11, Daughter Produkt and under other monikers such as XOR Gate, Arpanet, Japanese Telecom, Glass Domain and more. in 2011 a documentary
Drexciya
Arithmetic logic circuit
XOR B0) XOR Cin '2dt (dt - delay time) S1 = (A1 XOR B1) XOR ((A0 AND B0) OR ((A0 XOR B0) AND Cin)) '4dt S2 = (A2 XOR B2) XOR ((A1 AND B1) OR ((A1 XOR
Carry-lookahead_adder
Arithmetic logic circuit
⊕ b i {\displaystyle p_{i}=a_{i}\oplus b_{i}} are determined using an XOR-gate. When all propagate-conditions are true, then the carry-in bit c 0 {\displaystyle
Carry-skip_adder
implementations this calls for either 8-input or cascaded XOR gates which have substantial gate delay. To maximise computation speed, an intermediate remainder
Computation of cyclic redundancy checks
Computation_of_cyclic_redundancy_checks
2D cellular automaton devised by Brian Silverman in 1987
orthogonal and diagonal. These simple rules can be used to construct logic gates (see below). Entities built within Wireworld universes include Langton's
Wireworld
Artificial neural network algorithm
being simulated, the learning rule of the network can be as simple as an XOR gate or mean squared error, or as complex as the result of a system of differential
Learning_rule
Deterministic quantum algorithm
addition modulo 2, which can also be viewed as a quantum XOR gate implemented as a Controlled NOT gate), if zero, then f {\displaystyle f} is constant, otherwise
Deutsch–Jozsa_algorithm
Proposed semiconductor implementation of quantum computers
/2} ) results in a square root of swap gate, U s w 1 / 2 . {\displaystyle U_{\rm {sw}}^{1/2}.} The "XOR" gate may be achieved by combining U s w 1 / 2
Spin_qubit_quantum_computer
Subfield of cryptography
These include techniques such as the free XOR method, which allows for much simpler evaluation of XOR gates, and garbled row reduction, reducing the size
Secure multi-party computation
Secure_multi-party_computation
Bit-vector representation where only one bit can be set at a time
Base-1 numeral system Uniqueness quantification – Logical quantifier XOR gate – Logic gate Harris, David and Harris, Sarah (2012-08-07). Digital design and
One-hot
Field-programmable semiconductor devices
with active high outputs ("H" series). The "X" series of devices had an XOR gate before the register. There were also similar 24-pin versions of these PALs
Programmable_Array_Logic
Creation of a whole that is greater than the simple sum of its parts
individually. For example, consider the logical XOR gate. If Y = X O R ( X 1 , X 2 ) {\displaystyle Y=XOR(X_{1},X_{2})} for three binary variables, the
Synergy
Type of error-correcting code using convolution
modulo-2 adders (a modulo 2 adder can be implemented with a single Boolean XOR gate, where the logic is: 0+0 = 0, 0+1 = 1, 1+0 = 1, 1+1 = 0), and n generator
Convolutional_code
Topics referred to by the same term
from Mexico; see List of airline codes Jpq, an alternate notation for a XOR gate Jianshan (Chinese: 尖山), a station in Changsha, Hunan province, China, on
JPQ
Unconventional computer based on a semi-solid chemical "soup"
Costello, Benjamin (2002). "Experimental logical gates in a reaction-diffusion medium: The XOR gate and beyond". Physical Review E. 66 (4) 046112. Bibcode:2002PhRvE
Chemical_computer
Type of pseudorandom binary sequence
either 0 or 1, corresponding to the taps of the register that feed the xor gate. For example, the polynomial corresponding to Figure 1 is x 4 + x + 1 {\displaystyle
Maximum-length_sequence
Integrated circuit behavior verification process
Verification involves design rule check (DRC), layout versus schematic (LVS), XOR (exclusive OR), antenna checks and electrical rule check (ERC). DRC verifies
Physical_verification
Operations transforming individual bits of integral data types
expected: 0 Logical XOR passed, was: 0 expected: 0 Logical XOR passed, was: 1 expected: 1 Logical XOR passed, was: 1 expected: 1 Logical XOR passed, was: 0
Bitwise_operations_in_C
Control panel using electrical patch cords
For the compare function, IBM implemented what would now be called a XOR gate using opposing electromagnets. If neither magnet was energized or both
Plugboard
Study of the properties of codes and their fitness
simple circuit which has state memory and some feedback logic, normally XOR gates. The decoder can be implemented in software or firmware. The Viterbi algorithm
Coding_theory
Arithmetic logic circuit
= P01 XOR G30 '2dt S2 = P02 XOR G31 '4dt S3 = P03 XOR G32 '5dt S4 = P04 XOR G33 '6dt S5 = P05 XOR G34 '7dt S6 = P06 XOR G35 '7dt S7 = P07 XOR G36 ''''7dt'''
Kogge–Stone_adder
Circuit that performs subtraction
commutative, but the difference bit D {\displaystyle D} is calculated using an XOR gate which is commutative. The truth table for the half subtractor is: Using
Subtractor
Electronic circuit used to multiply binary numbers
compressors; implement the compressors in faster logic (such transmission gate logic, pass transistor logic, domino logic); connect the compressors in a
Binary_multiplier
Process in digital electronics and integrated circuit design
means A ≠ B {\displaystyle A\neq B} . In terms of logical gates, inequality simply means an XOR gate (exclusive or). Therefore, ( A ∧ B ¯ ) ∨ ( A ¯ ∧ B ) ⟺
Logic_optimization
In gate-based quantum computing, various sets of quantum logic gates are commonly used to express quantum operations. The following tables list several
List_of_quantum_logic_gates
Arithmetic logic circuit
= P10 XOR G00 '2dt S2 = P20 XOR G11 '4dt S3 = P30 XOR G22 '5dt S4 = P40 XOR G32 '6dt S5 = P50 XOR G43 '7dt S6 = P60 XOR G53 '7dt S7 = P70 XOR G63 '7dt
Brent–Kung_adder
Type of cellular automaton
Nobili's cellular automaton. The Mukhopadhyay crossing organ comprises three XOR gates, in the arrangement shown. In Nobili cellular automaton, a signal crossing
Nobili_cellular_automata
Stream cipher
vector. As an alternative, the XOR-CHAIN based countermeasure was proposed. The technique involves placing XOR gates at random points of the chain. Security
MICKEY
Password-based key derivation function
internal state into P-boxes for n ← 1 to 9 do //xor 64-bit block with a 64-bit salt half block ← block xor saltHalf[(n-1) mod 2] //each iteration alternating
Bcrypt
Operation in Boolean circuit theory
satisfaction of each sub-expression enforces the proper operation of a single gate in the input circuit. The satisfaction of the entire output expression thus
Tseytin_transformation
Block cipher
round := 0 to 15: L := L XOR P[round] R := f(L) XOR R swap values of L and R swap values of L and R R := R XOR P[16] L := L XOR P[17] procedure blowfish_decrypt(L
Blowfish_(cipher)
Japanese anime television series
2023 (2023-12-03) 10 "Unyielding Wish -XOR-" Transliteration: "Yuzurenai Nozomi -XOR-" (Japanese: 譲れない望み -XOR-) December 10, 2023 (2023-12-10) 11 "All
Protocol:_Rain
Standard forms of Boolean functions
results. The bottom-up development involves noticing that u = ci XOR (x XOR y), where XOR means eXclusive OR [true when either input is true but not when
Canonical_normal_form
Aspect of computer CPU design
possible XORs between them: Li=0 and Li-1=0: X0;0;i = S0;i xor C0;i = Ri xor Oi xor (Ri-1 and Oi-1) Li=0 and Li-1=1: X0;1;i = S0;i xor C1;i = Ri xor Oi xor (Ri-1
Sum-addressed_decoder
Method of designing specialized integrated circuits
XOR, XNOR, inverters) or a storage function (flipflop or latch). The simplest cells are direct representations of the elemental NAND, NOR, and XOR Boolean
Standard_cell
Topics referred to by the same term
formerly Orissa, a state of India Or (logic), logical disjunction Exclusive or (XOR), a logical operation Bitwise OR, an operator in computer programming, typically
Or
Failure analysis system used in safety engineering and reliability engineering
≈ 0 An exclusive OR gate with two inputs represents the probability that one or the other input, but not both, occurs: P (A xor B) = P(A) + P(B) - 2P
Fault_tree_analysis
components set up as logic element circuit groups such as NAND gates, NOR gates, XOR gates, flip flops, monostables, multivibrators, etc. Once tested, the
KG-13
Function returning one of only two values
true ("both") OR or disjunction - true when any input is true ("either") XOR or exclusive disjunction - true when one of its inputs is true and the other
Boolean_function
Efficient hardware implementation of a digital multiplier
layer, whereas Dadda multipliers try to minimize the required number of gates by postponing the reduction to the upper layers. Wallace multipliers were
Wallace_tree
Classic NP-complete problem in computer science
simulate the universal NAND gate. Finally, since three NANDs can be composed intersection-free to implement an XOR, and since XOR is enough to build a crossover
Circuit satisfiability problem
Circuit_satisfiability_problem
Standardized computer chip nomenclature
subgroup ЛБ that fit neither in ЛА nor in ЛЕ (e.g. 134ЛБ2 with 2 NAND gates and 1 NOT gate). In 1973 expander circuits were moved from subgroup ЛП to subgroup
Soviet integrated circuit designation
Soviet_integrated_circuit_designation
Number of transistors in a device
(3D-stacked) 16-die, 232-layer V-NAND flash memory chip, with 5.3 trillion floating-gate MOSFETs (3 bits per transistor). The highest transistor count in a single
Transistor_count
Hardware description language
the gate is set to "hold". In the example below the "pass-through" level of the gate would be when the value of the if clause is true, i.e. gate = 1.
Verilog
Electrical circuit with active components
transistors, interconnected to create logic gates that provide the functions of Boolean logic: AND, NAND, OR, NOR, XOR and combinations thereof. Transistors
Electronic_circuit
Swedish engineer and inventor (1869–1928)
Designing electromechanical equivalents of delay shift registers and XOR gates. Damm´s strength lay in his ideas and clever constructions while his mechanical
Arvid_Gerhard_Damm
Pictogram used to represent various electrical and electronic devices or functions
have a second inverted Q output too. Buffer Inverter (NOT) AND NAND OR NOR XOR XNOR The above logic symbols may have additional I/O variations too: 1) schmitt
Electronic_symbol
Group of logic families in electronics
transistors in fully complementary CMOS logic. XOR has the worst-case Karnaugh map—if implemented from simple gates, it requires more transistors than any other
Pass_transistor_logic
Encryption technique
July 22, 1919, U.S. Patent 1,310,719 was issued to Gilbert Vernam for the XOR operation used for the encryption of a one-time pad. One-time use came later
One-time_pad
Type of cipher
beginning and the end, the data is modified with key material (often with XOR): M 0 = M ⊕ K 0 {\displaystyle M_{0}=M\oplus K_{0}} M i = R K i ( M i − 1
Block_cipher
Digital circuit implementation method
-bit numbers. The carry-select adder is simple but rather fast, having a gate level depth of O ( n ) {\displaystyle O({\sqrt {n}})} . The carry-select
Carry-select_adder
Type of artificial neural network
having a tunable natural frequency, has been shown able to run logic gates such as XOR that conventional sigmoid neurons cannot. "Physicists train the oscillatory
Oscillatory_neural_network
Computers using chaotic systems
lowest level as logic gates. There are essentially seven basic logic functions implemented as logic gates: AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR and XNOR. A chaotic
Chaos_computing
Combinational digital circuit
AND when "110" => Y <= A or B; -- bitwise OR when "111" => Y <= A xor B; -- bitwise XOR when others => Y <= (others => 'X'); end case; end behavioral; Mathematician
Arithmetic_logic_unit
List of symbols used to express logical relations
mathematical symbols Logic alphabet, a suggested set of logical symbols Logic gate § Symbols Logical connective Mathematical operators and symbols in Unicode
List_of_logic_symbols
Logical operation
or NAND ("not and"). In digital electronics, it corresponds to the NAND gate. It is named after Henry Maurice Sheffer and written as ∣ {\displaystyle
Sheffer_stroke
Algebraic manipulation of "true" and "false"
which 1 + 1 = 0. Addition and multiplication then play the Boolean roles of XOR (exclusive-or) and AND (conjunction), respectively, with disjunction x ∨
Boolean_algebra
Arithmetic in a field with a finite number of elements
Euclidean algorithm. A particular case is GF(2), where addition is exclusive OR (XOR) and multiplication is AND. Since the only invertible element is 1, division
Finite_field_arithmetic
Complexity class of bounded-depth circuits
that AC0 is strictly smaller than TC0. Note that "PARITY" is also called "XOR" in the literature. However, PARITY is only barely out of AC0, in the sense
AC0
Process by which desired circuit behavior is turned into a schematic of logic gates
description of the circuit. Logic operations usually consist of Boolean AND, OR, XOR and NAND operations, and are the most basic forms of operations in an electronic
Logic_synthesis
Logical operator in propositional calculus
what amounts to the same thing, the exclusive disjunction signified by "XOR" or "⊕". Naturally, these variations in usage have caused some failures to
Logical_equality
Digital copy protection
done by a stream cipher. Each decoded pixel is encrypted by applying an XOR operation with a 24-bit number produced by a generator. The HDCP specifications
High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection
High-bandwidth_Digital_Content_Protection
XOR GATE
XOR GATE
Boy/Male
British, English
Heavy
Female
Egyptian
, the mother of Hor-naskht.
Girl/Female
Australian, Biblical
Who Conceives; Shows; A Hill
Male
Portuguese
Galician-Portuguese form of Latin Johannes, XOÃN means "God is gracious."
Biblical
generation, habitation
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Parsi
Bright; Fair; White; Wild; Grave; Desert
Biblical
who conceives, or shows; a hill
Girl/Female
Norse
An omniscient goddess.
Girl/Female
Biblical
Who conceives, or shows, a hill.
Boy/Male
Norse
Father of Odin.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Australian, Malaysian, Urdu
Eyes
Girl/Female
Irish Gaelic Celtic
Great.
Biblical
fountain, eye of generation, or of habitation
Boy/Male
Egyptian Norse Swedish Arthurian Legend Irish Scandinavian Scottish
King.
Male
Hungarian
Hungarian form of Greek GabriÄ“l, GÃBOR means "man of God" or "warrior of God."
Male
Hungarian
Hungarian form of Mongolian Baatar, BÃTOR means "warrior."
Female
Hebrew
(דּï‹×¨) Variant spelling of Hebrew unisex Dowr, DOR means "generation" or "period of time." In the bible, this is the name of a coastal city in Manasseh, south of Carmel.
Girl/Female
Biblical
Fountain, eye of generation, or of habitation.
Male
Hungarian
Hungarian form of Greek Theodoros, TÓDOR means "gift of God."
Male
Scandinavian
 Scandinavian form of Old Norse Þórr, TOR means "Thor" or "thunder." Compare with other forms of Tor.
XOR GATE
XOR GATE
XOR GATE
XOR GATE
XOR GATE
XOR GATE
XOR GATE