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Subfield of cryptography
Secure multi-party computation (also known as secure computation, multi-party computation (MPC) or privacy-preserving computation) is a subfield of cryptography
Secure multi-party computation
Secure_multi-party_computation
Secure two-party computation (2PC, or secure function evaluation) is a sub-problem of secure multi-party computation (MPC) that has received special attention
Secure_two-party_computation
Privacy-enhancing computing technique
with other privacy-enhancing computational techniques such as fully homomorphic encryption, secure multi-party computation, and Trusted Computing. Confidential
Confidential_computing
AI standards for robustness and data privacy
encrypted data without ever decrypting it. Federated learning and secure multi-party computation (MPC) for distributing the model training without sharing information
Trustworthy_AI
Aspect of cryptography
material construction Secured application-level data transport Non-repudiation methods Secret sharing methods Secure multi-party computation For example, Transport
Cryptographic_protocol
American cryptographer (born 1974)
technique, which uses secure multi-party computation protocols to construct efficient zero-knowledge proofs. In secure multi-party computation, Sahai co-authored
Amit_Sahai
Privacy-preserving computational geometry is the research area on the intersection of the domains of secure multi-party computation (SMC) and computational geometry
Privacy-preserving computational geometry
Privacy-preserving_computational_geometry
Security architecture implemented in hardware
engineering and involves hardware design, access control, secure multi-party computation, secure key storage, ensuring code authenticity, measures to ensure
Hardware_security
the function. PSM was introduced as a simple toy model for secure multi-party computation, and is related to the conditional disclosure of secrets setting
Private simultaneous message passing
Private_simultaneous_message_passing
Cryptography based on quantum mechanical phenomena
implementation of almost any distributed computation in a secure way (so-called secure multi-party computation). (Note: The results by Crépeau and Kilian
Quantum_cryptography
Form of encryption that allows computation on ciphertexts
Secure multiparty computation cryptographic technique Searchable symmetric encryption – System allowing searching of encrypted documents Secure multi-party
Homomorphic_encryption
Cryptographic problem
protocol). This protocol was the first example of two parties conducting secure computation rather than secure message transmission, employing cryptography; later
Mental_poker
Problem in mathematics
Millionaires' problem is a secure multi-party computation problem introduced in 1982 by computer scientist and computational theorist Andrew Yao. The problem
Yao's_Millionaires'_problem
First large-scale and practical use of secure multi-party computation
of secure multi-party computation, which took place in January 2008. An electronic double auction was successfully run by a multiparty computation involving
Danish_Sugar_Beet_Auction
Secure multi-party computation protocol
the dining cryptographers problem studies how to perform a secure multi-party computation of the boolean-XOR function. David Chaum first proposed this
Dining_cryptographers_problem
Topics referred to by the same term
composition Sound and music computing Apple SMC, a video codec Secure multi-party computation, a cryptography problem Sequential Monte Carlo method, a set
SMC
Concept in cryptography
of general secure multi-party computation. Verifiable secret sharing is important for secure multiparty computation. Multiparty computation is typically
Verifiable_secret_sharing
Technologies to minimize personal data use and maximize data security
Agency for Cybersecurity published technical guidance supporting Secure Multi-Party Computation as a valid privacy-preserving safeguard, applying to both healthcare
Privacy-enhancing technologies
Privacy-enhancing_technologies
{\displaystyle P_{j}} . Secure multi-party computation Mukhamedov, Aybek; Kremer, Steve; Ritter, Eike. "Analysis of a Multi-Party Fair Exchange Protocol
Multi-party fair exchange protocol
Multi-party_fair_exchange_protocol
Topics referred to by the same term
Columbia Data Products Multi Project Chip, sharing costs across projects Musepack, an audio codec Secure multi-party computation Marginal propensity to
MPC
Microsoft open source framework
performant applications that focuses on the optimization of secure multi-party computation and data availability. Intended to accelerate the adoption of
Confidential Consortium Framework
Confidential_Consortium_Framework
Israeli cryptographer (born 1971)
he conducts research on cryptography with a focus on the theory of secure computation and its application in practice. Lindell currently leads the cryptography
Yehuda_Lindell
Cryptographic protocol
In cryptography, the open vote network (or OV-net) is a secure multi-party computation protocol to compute the boolean-count function: namely, given a
Open_vote_network
British cryptographer
Williams. Secure two-party computation is practical, ASIACRYPT 2009 I. Damgard, V. Pastro, N. P. Smart, and S. Zakarias. Multiparty computation from somewhat
Nigel_Smart_(cryptographer)
Cryptocurrency project
verified. In May 2024, World switched its data storage to a secure multi-party computation (MPC) encryption method, stating the move was part of its efforts
World_(blockchain)
certification of electronic voting Vote counting system E-democracy Secure multi-party computation Mental poker Schoenmakers, Berry (1999). "A Simple Publicly
Homomorphic_secret_sharing
learning models with differential privacy. Differential Privacy Secure multi-party computation "OnTheMap". onthemap.ces.census.gov. Retrieved 29 March 2023
List of implementations of differentially private analyses
List_of_implementations_of_differentially_private_analyses
Discrete, discontinuous representation of information
cryptographic tools, including secure multi-party computation and homomorphic encryption, allow for the private computation of data on untrusted systems
Digital_data
Process of converting plaintext to ciphertext
by a cloud service for example. Homomorphic encryption and secure multi-party computation are emerging techniques to compute encrypted data; these techniques
Encryption
2006). "Chapter 5". Quantum And Relativistic Protocols For Secure Multi-Party Computation (Thesis). University of Cambridge. arXiv:0911.3814. Vazirani
Device-independent quantum cryptography
Device-independent_quantum_cryptography
Technique in cryptography
method has been used in the areas of cryptographic protocols in secure multi-party computation and in threshold cryptosystems. If the players (holders of the
Proactive_secret_sharing
American computer scientist
authenticated key exchange. He has also worked in the areas of secure multi-party computation, public-key encryption, and digital signatures. He has served
Jonathan Katz (computer scientist)
Jonathan_Katz_(computer_scientist)
Multimedia standardization body
Trustworthy AI. Including items on homomorphic encryption, secure multi-party computation, and federated learning. ITU Telecommunication Standardization
ITU-T_Study_Group_16
Cryptographic framework
Burrows–Abadi–Needham logic Hybrid argument Mathematical model Secure multi-party computation R. Canetti. Universally Composable Security: A New Paradigm
Universal_composability
Cryptographic problem
Explain it like I’m Five: The Socialist Millionaire Problem and Secure Multi-Party Computation at the Wayback Machine (archived December 25, 2022) Goldbug
Socialist_millionaire_problem
Cryptographic protocols for securing data in transit
operations (e.g., RSA) are relatively expensive in terms of computational power. TLS provides a secure shortcut in the handshake mechanism to avoid these operations:
Transport_Layer_Security
Cryptographic protocol for two-party computation
is a cryptographic protocol that enables two-party secure computation in which two mistrusting parties can jointly evaluate a function over their private
Garbled_circuit
Function computed by two parties that emulates a random oracle
Random oracle Pseudorandom function family Oblivious transfer Secure multi-party computation Cryptographic protocol Homomorphic encryption Casacuberta, Sílvia;
Oblivious pseudorandom function
Oblivious_pseudorandom_function
Standardization body focused on cyberseucirty standards, (e.g. X.509)
Trustworthy AI. Including items on homomorphic encryption, secure multi-party computation, and federated learning. International Telecommunication Union
ITU-T_Study_Group_17
Cryptographic algorithm created by Adi Shamir
recover_secret(shares[-3:])) if __name__ == '__main__': main() Secret sharing Secure multi-party computation Lagrange polynomial Homomorphic secret sharing – a simplistic
Shamir's_secret_sharing
Annual award
and Cryptographic protocols (such as Zero-knowledge proofs, Secure multi-party computations, or Threshold cryptosystems); Some other areas are dedicated
RSA Award for Excellence in Mathematics
RSA_Award_for_Excellence_in_Mathematics
Type of cryptosystem
Broadcast encryption Distributed key generation Secret sharing Secure multi-party computation Shamir's Secret Sharing Threshold (disambiguation) Desmedt,
Threshold_cryptosystem
Israeli computer scientist
electronic authentication, information-theoretic security, secure multi-party computation, threshold cryptosystems, and zero-knowledge proofs, In 1996
Moti_Yung
Type of cryptography protocol
guaranteed only from the laws of quantum physics. k-anonymity Secure multi-party computation Zero-knowledge proof Private information retrieval Michael O
Oblivious_transfer
Deviations from local realism
(December 2006). Chapter 5. Quantum And Relativistic Protocols For Secure Multi-Party Computation (Thesis), University of Cambridge. arXiv:0911.3814. Colbeck
Quantum_nonlocality
machine instructions process data in local variables using a main model of computation, typically that of a stack machine, register machine, or random access
Comparison of application virtualization software
Comparison_of_application_virtualization_software
Form of interpolation
science, polynomial interpolation also leads to algorithms for secure multi party computation and secret sharing. For any n + 1 {\displaystyle n+1} bivariate
Polynomial_interpolation
Roger (December 2006). Quantum And Relativistic Protocols For Secure Multi-Party Computation (Thesis). University of Cambridge. arXiv:0911.3814. Kent, A
Relativistic quantum cryptography
Relativistic_quantum_cryptography
Technological phenomenon with social implications
drawn upon cryptographic privacy-enhancing technologies such as secure multi-party computation to propose methods whereby algorithmic bias can be assessed
Algorithmic_bias
American cryptographer (born 1963)
Mathematics "for contributions to the theory and to new variants of secure multi-party computations" 2017 IEEE Edward J. McCluskey Technical Achievement Award
Rafail_Ostrovsky
see their outcomes without exposing the source data. Through secure Multi-Party Computation, different groups can combine data to work in a decentralized
Data_collaboratives
Tolerance Secure multi-party computation Shamir's Secret Sharing Loruenser, T., Happe, A., Slamanig, D. (2015). ARCHISTAR: Towards Secure and Robust
Archistar
Swiss-Belgian computer scientist
implementation. He has also led efforts to show that combining secure multi-party computation and homomorphic encryption makes partial results of federated
Jean-Pierre_Hubaux
Equations Automata for Communicationless Information Theoretically Secure Multi-Party Computation". Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Security
Shlomi_Dolev
S2CID 2364389. Du, Wenliang; Atallah, Mikhail J. (2001). "Secure multi-party computation problems and their applications". Proceedings of the 2001 workshop
Spatial_cloaking
Secure multiparty computation cryptographic technique
Private set intersection is a secure multiparty computation cryptographic technique that allows two parties holding sets to compare encrypted versions
Private_set_intersection
• Secure Electronic Transaction • Secure Hash Algorithms • Secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol • Secure key issuing cryptography • Secure multi-party computation
Index of cryptography articles
Index_of_cryptography_articles
Method of quantum computing via entanglement
basic setting for a non-local quantum computation is shown at right. We can view the process as involving two parties, who we refer to as Alice and Bob.
Non-local_quantum_computation
Method for dividing a secret among multiple parties
method was found useful in numerous applications from coding to multi-party computations. In space efficient secret sharing, devised by Abhishek Parakh
Secret_sharing
Subfield of computer science and mathematics
foundations of computation. It is difficult to circumscribe the theoretical areas precisely. The ACM's Special Interest Group on Algorithms and Computation Theory
Theoretical_computer_science
Computer hardware technology that uses quantum mechanics
that represents and processes information using quantum states. Quantum computations exploit phenomena such as superposition, interference, and entanglement
Quantum_computing
Multi-party secure computation protocol
In cryptography, the anonymous veto network (or AV-net) is a multi-party secure computation protocol to compute the boolean-OR function. It was first proposed
Anonymous_veto_network
Interactive key creation in cryptography
password-authenticated key exchange Password-authenticated key retrieval Multi-server methods Multi-party methods In the most stringent password-only security models
Password-authenticated key agreement
Password-authenticated_key_agreement
Topics referred to by the same term
a type of evolutionary computation in computer science Certificate authority, an entity issuing digital certificates for secure communications Creative
CA
American machine learning company
Face, Inc., is an American company based in New York City that develops computation tools for building applications using machine learning. Hugging Face's
Hugging_Face
Proving validity without revealing other data
such as hash-based cryptography, pairing-based cryptography, multi-party computation, or lattice-based cryptography. Generally, zero-knowledge proofs
Zero-knowledge_proof
Real-time operating system
across all cores on a multi-core device, or any subset of cores. For this purpose Nucleus offers runtime API support for bound computation domain, and control
Nucleus_RTOS
Two parties authenticating each other at the same time
especially when schemes are desired to be lightweight and have low computational costs. Mutual authentication is a crucial security step that can defend
Mutual_authentication
Cryptographic scheme
number of cryptographic protocols including secure coin flipping, zero-knowledge proofs, and secure computation. A way to visualize a commitment scheme is
Commitment_scheme
Process for decrypting data
consistent with judge rulings and the actions of companies, and multi-party computation to compute results. Cheval, Vincent; Moreira, José; Ryan, Mark
Transparent_decryption
Political party in Philippines
2013 election. However after a re-computation ordered by the Supreme Court it was determined that An Waray only secured one seat. Victoria Noel assumed
An_Waray
Practice in cryptography
secrecy using elliptic curve Diffie–Hellman since version 1.0, with a computational overhead of approximately 15% for the initial handshake. The Signal
Forward_secrecy
Information retrieval using cryptography
information-theoretically secure PIR protocol requires an amount of communication that is at least the size of the database n. Multi-server PIR protocols tolerant
Private_information_retrieval
Original-E, a set of extensions to Java for secure distributed programming. E combines message-based computation with Java-like syntax. A concurrency model
E_(programming_language)
American cryptographer and co-inventor of the Blockchain
advisement of Zvi Galil with a thesis titled Provably Secure Multi-party Cryptographic Computation: Techniques and Applications. In 1987, Haber joined Bell
Stuart_Haber
Practice and study of secure communication techniques
to do so. Such schemes, if well designed, are therefore termed "computationally secure". Theoretical advances (e.g., improvements in integer factorization
Cryptography
Cryptography secured against quantum computers
showed in his paper that if computationally one-way hash functions exist then the Merkle Hash Tree signature is provably secure. Therefore, use of a hash
Post-quantum_cryptography
combines elements of game theory, complex systems, emergence, computational sociology, multi-agent systems, and evolutionary programming. Monte Carlo methods
Glossary_of_computer_science
Indonesian lawyer and technologist (born 1982)
advancing decentralised infrastructure through an innovation in Multi Party Computation (MPC) technology. Alongside his tech ventures, Masanto enrolled
Andrew_Masanto
Networks connecting quantum processors
position verification, secure identification and two-party cryptography in the noisy-storage model. A quantum internet also enables secure access to a quantum
Quantum_network
Device used to gain access to restricted resource
mechanisms (as used by financial institutions, like cash cards). However, computational performance of smart cards is often rather limited because of extreme
Security_token
American computer scientist and educator
optimization, graph partitioning, network flow, metric embeddings, and computational biology. Rao received the Fulkerson Prize in 2012 with Sanjeev Arora
Satish_B._Rao
Message-digest hashing algorithm
partitioned database, and may be preferred due to lower computational requirements than more recent Secure Hash Algorithms. MD5 is one in a series of message
MD5
Cryptographic primitive
zero-knowledge cryptography provides the computational backbone, by facilitating mathematical proofs that one party has possession of certain information
Non-interactive zero-knowledge proof
Non-interactive_zero-knowledge_proof
Contractual transaction on a decentralized platform
design pattern to capture the intent of the agreement of parties) Loan Secure multiparty computation Transparency Röscheisen, Martin; Baldonado, Michelle;
Smart_contract
Medium to store keys for signing cryptocurrency transactions
cryptocurrency wallets requiring just one party to sign a transaction, multi-sig wallets require multiple parties to sign a transaction. Multisignature wallets
Cryptocurrency_wallet
Software for creating virtual worlds
multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPGs), and privately and securely maintained multi-user virtual environments. The Open Cobalt application leverages
Open_Cobalt
Privacy-focused encrypted messaging app
payload is then encrypted once more for transmission over the mixnet using multi-party ElGamal encryption. The encryption protocols, in addition to the properties
Xx_messenger
Act of proving an assertion
these methods are currently considered secure, they are not provably unbreakable—future mathematical or computational advances (such as quantum computing
Authentication
Protection of computer systems from information disclosure, theft or damage
account will then enable the attacker to invade other accounts. Any computational system affects its environment in some form. This effect it has on its
Computer_security
Distributed data processing framework
supercomputer architecture that relies on a parallel file system where computation and data are distributed via high-speed networking. The base Apache Hadoop
Apache_Hadoop
Real-time communication over the internet
communication – often directly addressed, but anonymous between users in a multi-user environment. Web conferencing is a more specific online service that
Online_chat
Hybrid video game console
helpful to introduce significant hardware changes, and instead focus on computation performance improvements to give developers more tools. Hardware components
Nintendo_Switch_2
American multinational computational software company
(stylized as cādence) is an American multinational technology and computational software company headquartered in San Jose, California. Initially specialized
Cadence_Design_Systems
html [accessed Feb 10, 2015] Verma, P.K.; et al. (2019). Multi-photon Quantum Secure Communication. Signals and Communication Technology. Springer
Three-stage quantum cryptography protocol
Three-stage_quantum_cryptography_protocol
Form of shared internet-based computing
Utility computing – The "packaging of computing resources, such as computation and storage, as a metered service similar to a traditional public utility
Cloud_computing
Multi-winner electoral system
"proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote", is a multi-winner electoral system in which each voter casts a single vote in the form
Single_transferable_vote
Artificial intelligence model paradigm
58th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics. Online: Association for Computational Linguistics: 5210–5217. arXiv:2005.00955. doi:10
Foundation_model
Text used for user authentication to prove identity
prepared, care must be taken to ensure that the records are secure, to prevent theft or fraud. Multi-factor authentication schemes combine passwords (as "knowledge
Password
Voting system that makes outcomes proportional to vote totals
Joachim; Mackenzie, Simon; Mattei, Nicholas; Walsh, Toby (2014). "Computational Aspects of Multi-Winner Approval Voting". Proceedings of the 2015 International
Proportional_representation
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SECURE MULTI-PARTY-COMPUTATION