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Epilepsy medication
Vigabatrin, sold under the brand name Vigafyde among others, is a medication used in the management and treatment of infantile spasms and refractory complex
Vigabatrin
concentrations. Examples of GABA-T inhibitors include valproic acid, vigabatrin, phenylethylidenehydrazine (PEH) (a metabolite of phenelzine), ethanolamine-O-sulfate
GABA_transaminase_inhibitor
Class of medications
sodium valproate, and divalproex sodium (1967) Vigabatrin (1989) Progabide (1987) Tiagabine (1996) Vigabatrin and progabide are also analogs of GABA. Topiramate
Anticonvulsant
Type of generalized seizure
sodium channel blockers phenytoin, carbamazepine, the GABA increasing vigabatrin, and the gabapentinoids gabapentin and pregabalin. The clinical manifestations
Absence_seizure
Class of enzymes
Phenelzine Phenylethylidenehydrazine (PEH) Rosmarinic acid Valproic acid Vigabatrin Enzyme 2.6.1.19 at KEGG Pathway Database. "4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase
4-Aminobutyrate_transaminase
Chemical compound
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
3-Methyl-GABA
Drug class
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
GABA_reuptake_inhibitor
Medical condition
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) or glucocorticoids (prednisone), or vigabatrin. Ketogenic diet may be effective as second-line therapy for treatment-resistant
Infantile epileptic spasms syndrome
Infantile_epileptic_spasms_syndrome
Pharmaceutical compound
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
Guvacine
Abnormal condition of the mind
Corticosteroids (often with mood changes in addition) Some anticonvulsants such as vigabatrin The first brain image of an individual with psychosis was completed as
Psychosis
Rare form of childhood-onset epilepsy
The study concluded that LGS accounts for 4% of childhood epilepsies. Vigabatrin was found by Feucht et al. to be an effective add-on in patients whose
Lennox–Gastaut_syndrome
Chemical compound (CH3CH2CH2COOH)
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
Butyric_acid
Type of drug
other adjunctive therapies; use is restricted due to hepatotoxicity. Vigabatrin — used for extreme treatment-resistant epilepsy; carries risk of permanent
Drug_of_last_resort
Chemical compound
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
Arecaidine
Chemical compound
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
2,4-Diaminobutyric_acid
Substance that causes depression
the barbiturates (e.g. phenobarbital), benzodiazepines (e.g. diazepam), vigabatrin, and topiramate, corticosteroids like dexamethasone and prednisone, cytokines
Depressogen
Chemical compound
(and hence also an indirect and non-selective GABA receptor agonist) vigabatrin has also been associated with acute psychotic episodes, hallucinations
CI-966
Class of drugs
Pivagabine (N-pivaloyl-GABA) – antidepressant/anxiolytic drug; CRF inhibitor Vigabatrin (y-vinyl-GABA) – anticonvulsant; GABA-T inhibitor Bamaluzole Bicuculline
GABA_analogue
Main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain
needed] GABA transaminase inhibitors: gabaculine, phenelzine, valproate, vigabatrin, lemon balm (Melissa officinalis). GABA analogues: pregabalin, gabapentin
GABA
Chemical compound
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
Gabaculine
Brazil's federal drug control statute
Trimipramine Troglitazone Valdecoxib Sodium valproate Venlafaxine Veralipride Vigabatrin Vilazodone Vortioxetine Ziprasidone Zotepine Zuclopenthixol Acitretin
Brazilian Controlled Drugs and Substances Act
Brazilian_Controlled_Drugs_and_Substances_Act
Pharmaceutical compound
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
THPO_(drug)
GABA release because of the impairment of transporters. Drugs such as Vigabatrin cause reversals in GABA transporters that increase the concentration of
GABA_transporter
Physical condition caused by chronic use of a tolerance-forming drug
channels Antiepileptic drugs such as valproate, lamotrigine, tiagabine, vigabatrin, carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine, and topiramate Antipsychotic drugs such
Physical_dependence
French multinational pharmaceutical and healthcare company
(Prednisolone), for multiple sclerosis. Rilutek (Riluzole), for ALS. Sabril (Vigabatrin), for epilepsy, marketed by Lundbeck. – Oncology Anzemet (Dolasetron)
Sanofi
Rare disorder involving deficiency in GABA degradation
one that reduces the levels of GHB via inhibition of GABA transaminase. Vigabatrin is an irreversible inhibitor of GABA transaminases which leads to decreased
Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency
Succinic_semialdehyde_dehydrogenase_deficiency
Antibiotic for treatment of tuberculosis
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
Isoniazid
Topics referred to by the same term
Guard, a former group of Greek volunteers who fought in the Bosnian War Vigabatrin, by designation GVG Grass Valley (company), a Canadian manufacturer of
GVG
Chemical compound
Butyric acid Evans blue GABA Glycine Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme (inhibitors) SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin
Γ-Hydroxybutyric_acid
Medical condition
toxic metabolites. Antiepileptic drugs are used to manage seizures, but vigabatrin should be avoided due to its potential to exacerbate underlying metabolic
Alpha-aminoadipic and alpha-ketoadipic aciduria
Alpha-aminoadipic_and_alpha-ketoadipic_aciduria
Neurological impairment of voluntary muscle movement
physostigmine, L-carnitine or derivatives, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, vigabatrin, phosphatidylcholine, acetazolamide, 4-aminopyridine, buspirone, and a
Ataxia
Experimental drug
Hedlund J, Tolete P, Devinsky O (2016). "A case report on the efficacy of vigabatrin analogue (1S, 3S)-3-amino-4-difluoromethylenyl-1-cyclopentanoic acid (CPP-115)
CPP-115
Type of enzyme inhibition by forming an irreversible complex with the substrate
reference the compound is called a 'suicide inactivator' (not inhibitor). Vigabatrin, an anticonvulsant, is a suicide inhibitor of GABA-T. Phenelzine acts
Suicide_inhibition
Chemical substance that alters brain function
gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) GABA reuptake inhibitors tiagabine, St John's wort, vigabatrin, deramciclane GABAA receptor agonists ethanol, niacin, barbiturates, diazepam
Psychoactive_drug
Medication for nausea, psychosis, and anxiety
Butyric acid Evans blue GABA Glycine Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme (inhibitors) SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin
Prochlorperazine
Animal model of absence epilepsy
, Depaulis, A., Vergnes, M., 1990. Potentiation of gamma-vinyl GABA (vigabatrin) effects by glycine. European Journal of Pharmacology 182, 109–115. Danober
GAERS
Hallucinogenic drug
(Gabitril) and GABA transaminase (GABA-T) inhibitors like the anticonvulsant vigabatrin (Sabril). The GABA reuptake inhibitor CI-966, which was clinically studied
GABAA_receptor_agonist
Irreversible non-selective MAO inhibitor and antidepressant drug
enzyme, complexed with gamma-ethynyl-GABA and with the antiepilepsy drug vigabatrin". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 279 (1): 363–373. doi:10.1074/jbc
Phenelzine
Pharmaceutical compound
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
Dihydromuscimol
Chemical compound
Butyric acid Evans blue GABA Glycine Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme (inhibitors) SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin
HOCPCA
Chemical compound
in the preparation of several medicinally useful compounds including vigabatrin, phenylbutazone, nalidixic acid, and rebamipide. Several pesticides are
Diethyl_malonate
Chemical compound
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
Β-Alanine
One of four stable isomers of butanediol
Butyric acid Evans blue GABA Glycine Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme (inhibitors) SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin
1,4-Butanediol
Increase in size of the gums
(PIGO). anticonvulsants (such as phenytoin, phenobarbital, lamotrigine, vigabatrin, ethosuximide, topiramate and primidone NOT common for valproate) calcium
Gingival_enlargement
Naturally occurring sedative and hallucinogen
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
Muscimol
Dopamine antagonist medication
Butyric acid Evans blue GABA Glycine Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme (inhibitors) SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin
Levosulpiride
Anticonvulsant and analgesic medication
but it may offer a safety advantage. Newer AEDs, including lacosamide, vigabatrin, felbamate, gabapentin, tiagabine, and rufinamide have been found to be
Lacosamide
Chemical compound
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
3-Mercaptopropionic_acid
Combination drug
Butyric acid Evans blue GABA Glycine Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme (inhibitors) SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin
Xywav
Enzyme
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
Glutamate_decarboxylase
Tuberculosis medication
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
Cycloserine
Index of chemical compounds with the same molecular formula
acid, a small organic molecule which accumulates in pipecolic acidemia Vigabatrin, an antiepileptic drug This set index page lists chemical structure articles
C6H11NO2
Atypical antipsychotic
Butyric acid Evans blue GABA Glycine Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme (inhibitors) SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin
Sulpiride
Chemical compound
Butyric acid Evans blue GABA Glycine Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme (inhibitors) SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin
Γ-Butyrolactone
Membrane transport proteins
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
Amino_acid_transporter
Medication used for epilepsy, bipolar disorder and migraine
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
Valproate
Chemical compound
Butyric acid Evans blue GABA Glycine Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme (inhibitors) SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin
2-Furanone
Chemical compound
Butyric acid Evans blue GABA Glycine Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme (inhibitors) SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin
3-Chloropropanoic_acid
Chemical compound
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
NNC-711
Type of epilepsy
Carbamazepine, gabapentin, oxcarbazepine, phenytoin, pregabalin, tiagabine and vigabatrin. Lifestyle and avoidance of seizure precipitants are important. Non-pharmacological
Jeavons_syndrome
Affecting GABA systems in the brain
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
GABAergic
Medical condition
antiseizure medication (ASMs), common ASMs include clobazam, valproic acid, vigabatrin, felbamate, lamotrigine and steroids. Although, there isn't universal
FOXG1_syndrome
American pharmaceutical manufacturer
medicine, Desoxyn (brand name for methamphetamine hydrochloride), and vigabatrin, an anticonvulsant that inhibits the catabolism of GABA and is indicated
Ovation_Pharmaceuticals
Chemical compound
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
Nigericin
Swelling of gums due to side effect of medications
discuss treatment options. Replacement drugs may be suggested. For example, vigabatrin may substitute phenytoin as anticonvulsant. However, this method may be
Drug-induced gingival enlargement
Drug-induced_gingival_enlargement
Genetic condition causing non-cancerous tumours
EEG determined by clinical need. Infantile spasms are best treated with vigabatrin and adrenocorticotropic hormone used as a second-line therapy. Other seizure
Tuberous_sclerosis
Anticonvulsant medication
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
Tiagabine
Chemical compound
Butyric acid Evans blue GABA Glycine Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme (inhibitors) SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin
4-Hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic acid
4-Hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic_acid
Naturally occurring glutamate receptor agonist neurotoxin
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
Ibotenic_acid
Pharmaceutical drug classification
N03AG01 Valproic acid N03AG02 Valpromide N03AG03 Aminobutyric acid N03AG04 Vigabatrin N03AG05 Progabide N03AG06 Tiagabine N03AX03 Sultiame N03AX07 Phenacemide
ATC_code_N03
Active form of vitamin B6
specificity has prompted further designs of ALR inhibitors. Gabaculine and Vigabatrin inhibit GABA aminotransferase Canaline and 5-fluoromethylornithine inhibit
Pyridoxal_phosphate
Medical condition
medications . [5] Pharmaceuticals that possibly worsen disease include vigabatrin and carbamazepine. In 2026, investigational antisense oligonucleotide
Malignant migrating partial seizures in infancy
Malignant_migrating_partial_seizures_in_infancy
vidupiprant (INN) Viekira Pak (Copackaged) Viekira Xr Viekira Viekirax Vienva vigabatrin (INN) Vigadrone Vigafyde Vigamox Vigpoder Vihuma Viibryd Vijoice vilanterol
List_of_drugs:_Vf–Vz
Chemical compound
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
Γ-Acetylenic_GABA
Chemical compound
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
Ethanolamine-O-sulfate
Atypical antipsychotic and antiemetic medication
Butyric acid Evans blue GABA Glycine Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme (inhibitors) SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin
Amisulpride
Medication to treat symptoms of narcolepsy
Butyric acid Evans blue GABA Glycine Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme (inhibitors) SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin
Sodium_oxybate
Chemical compound
Butyric acid Evans blue GABA Glycine Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme (inhibitors) SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin
T-HCA
Medical condition
partial or transient. Commonly used ASMs include valproic acid, clobazam, vigabatrin, felbamate, steroids, and lamotrigine for seizures, although comprehensive
CDKL5_deficiency_disorder
Chemical compound
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
Bafilomycin
Chemical compound
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
Valinomycin
Family of transport proteins
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
Betaine_transporter
Pharmaceutical drug
(ASMs)] act on the GABA system (Table 1), only three of those, namely vigabatrin, tiagabine and ganaxolone, were rationally designed to exert a GABAergic
Progabide
Biochemical pathway that maintains glutamate supply in CNS
autistic spectrum disorders. In the treatment of epilepsy, drugs such as vigabatrin that target both GABA transporters and the GABA metabolizing enzyme GABA-transaminase
Glutamate–glutamine_cycle
Chemical compound
Butyric acid Evans blue GABA Glycine Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme (inhibitors) SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin
Gallocatechol
Barbiturate medication used to treat seizures and tremors
phenytoin, this is very low. The rate is comparable to that of felbamate, vigabatrin, and topiramate. Primidone also causes exfoliative dermatitis, Stevens–Johnson
Primidone
Medication used to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
Riluzole
Chemical compound found in a variety of plants
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
Rosmarinic_acid
Pharmaceutical compound
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
Thio-THIP
Chemical compound
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
Nipecotic_acid
1990). "Vigabatrin in infantile spasms". Lancet. 335 (8685): 363–4. doi:10.1016/0140-6736(90)90660-W. PMID 1967808. S2CID 30019639. Vigabatrin Paediatric
Timeline of tuberous sclerosis
Timeline_of_tuberous_sclerosis
American neurologist
antiepileptic medications such as topiramate, tiagabine, lamotrigine, vigabatrin, oxcarbazepine, and remacemide, as well as vagal nerve stimulator implantation
Orrin_Devinsky
Transport protein
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
GABA_transporter_type_3
Rare genetic disorder
disease, however patients are often treated with anti-epileptics including vigabatrin, topiramate or clobazam, to reduce associated seizures. Supplementation
SPATCCM
Chemical compound
Butyric acid Evans blue GABA Glycine Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme (inhibitors) SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin
Aceburic_acid
Chemical compound
Butyric acid Evans blue GABA Glycine Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme (inhibitors) SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin
Ethyl_acetoxy_butanoate
Chemical compound
Butyric acid Evans blue GABA Glycine Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme (inhibitors) SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin
Γ-Valerolactone
Genetic epilepsy disorder
speed up neurodegeneration; carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, tiagabine, vigabatrin, gabapentin and pregabalin may worsen myoclonus and myoclonic seizures
Unverricht–Lundborg_disease
GABA reuptake inhibitor
blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin Enzyme GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic
EF-1502
Form of epilepsy that may be related to a psychiatric problem or a sleep disorder
retrieval difficulties and irritability. Phenobarbital, Primidone and Vigabatrin can cause depression and suicidal tendencies. Stress and lack of sleep
Frontal_lobe_epilepsy
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