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Chemical compound
Aceburic acid (INN), also known as 4-acetoxybutanoic acid or 4-hydroxybutyric acid acetate, is a drug described as an analgesic which was never marketed
Aceburic_acid
One of four stable isomers of butanediol
γ-butyrolactone (GBL), aceburic acid, ethyl acetoxy butanoate (EAB), Γ-crotonolactone, γ-hydroxybutyraldehyde, γ-hydroxyvaleric acid (GHV), γ-valerolactone
1,4-Butanediol
Naturally occurring sedative and hallucinogen
Muscimol, also known as agarin, pantherine, or pyroibotenic acid, is a GABAA receptor agonist with sedative and hallucinogenic effects and the principal
Muscimol
Chemical compound
γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), also known as 4-hydroxybutanoic acid, is a naturally occurring neurotransmitter and a depressant drug. It is a precursor to
Γ-Hydroxybutyric_acid
Chemical compound
N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. In humans, GBL acts as a prodrug for gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) and is often used as a recreational drug. GHB acts as a central nervous
Γ-Butyrolactone
Chemical compound
γ-butyrolactone (GBL) is a prodrug to GHB. 1,4-Butanediol (1-4-BD) Aceburic acid Valerenic acid Valeric acid "GHB and Analogues: Fast Facts". National Drug Intelligence
Γ-Hydroxyvaleric_acid
Chemical compound
N-Acetylglutamic acid N-Acetylleucine Nε-Acetyllysine N-Acetyltyrosine Aceburic acid Haynes, William M., ed. (2016). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
Aceturic_acid
Chemical compound
vomiting. γ-Aminobutyraldehyde 1,6-Dioxecane-2,7-dione 3-Hydroxybutanal Aceburic acid Ethyl acetoxy butanoate Ahn, H. (1999). "Hydroformylation of olefins
Γ-Hydroxybutyraldehyde
Main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain
GABA, also known as gamma-aminobutyric acid or γ-aminobutyric acid, is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the developmentally mature mammalian central
GABA
Class of drugs
mechanism of action as GHB Aceburic acid (γ-hydroxybutyric acid acetate) – synthetic prodrug to GHB GBL (γ-hydroxybutyric acid lactone) – metabolic intermediate
GABA_analogue
Pharmaceutical compound
narcolepsy and hypersomnia drugs JZP-386 (deuterated sodium oxybate) Aceburic acid Ethyl acetoxy butanoate 1,6-Dioxecane-2,7-dione "Valiloxybate". AdisInsight
Valiloxybate
Explosive chemical compound
cheap nitration agent, called "mixed acid", cannot be used for RDX synthesis because concentrated sulfuric acid used to stimulate the nitronium ion formation
RDX
CNS depressant medication
medication is structurally related to the neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and hence is a GABA analogue. Phenibut is thought to act as a GABAB
Phenibut
Index of chemical compounds with the same molecular formula
(molar mass: 146.14 g/mol, exact mass: 146.057909 u) may refer to: Aceburic acid Adipic acid Conduritol, a cyclitol or cyclic polyol Dianhydrohexitols Isoidide
C6H10O4
Group of antibiotics derived from fungi
phenoxyacetic acid are added to the culture medium, the mould produces penicillin V as the main penicillin instead. 6-Aminopenicillanic acid (6-APA) is a
Penicillin
Pharmaceutical compound
4-Butanediol (1,4-BD) 1,6-Dioxecane-2,7-dione γ-Butyrolactone (GBL) Aceburic acid Ethyl acetoxy butanoate Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) Tributyrin
1,2,3-Tris(4-hydroxybutyroyloxy)propane
1,2,3-Tris(4-hydroxybutyroyloxy)propane
Chemical compound
Hopantenic acid (homopantothenic acid), also known as N-pantoyl-GABA, is a central nervous system depressant. Formulated as the calcium salt, it is used
Hopantenic_acid
Carboxylic acid – CH3(CH2)3COOH
Valeric acid or pentanoic acid is a straight-chain alkyl carboxylic acid with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)3COOH. Like other low-molecular-weight carboxylic
Valeric_acid
Chemical compound
sugars using acid catalysts. The resulting glucose can then be dehydrated via hydroxymethylfurfural to yield formic acid and levulinic acid, which cyclises
Γ-Valerolactone
Drugs that lower neurotransmission levels, reducing brain activity
(1,4-BD) 1,4-Butanediol acetate (DABD) Ethyl acetoxy butanoate (EAB) Aceburic acid (GHB acetate) gamma-Butyrolactone, γ-Butyrolactone (GBL) 2-Furanone
Depressant
Pharmaceutical compound
of the inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Along with GABA and progabide acid (SL-75.102), gabamide is an active metabolite of the
Gabamide
Intravenous medication used in anesthesia
language under general anesthesia with propofol. Propofol inhibits fatty acid amide hydrolase, which metabolizes the endocannabinoid anandamide (AEA).
Propofol
Chemical compound
with sodium ethoxide. 1,4-Butanediol (1,4-BD) 1,6-Dioxecane-2,7-dione Aceburic acid gamma-Hydroxybutyraldehyde Valiloxybate Umano RP, Hagi Y, Nakahara K
Ethyl_acetoxy_butanoate
Anticonvulsant drug
γ-Amino-β-hydroxybutyric acid (GABOB), also known as β-hydroxy-γ-aminobutyric acid (β-hydroxy-GABA), sold under the brand name Gamibetal among others
Γ-Amino-β-hydroxybutyric_acid
Obsolete sedative–hypnotic drug
acid Valerenic acid Sulfonylalkanes Sulfonmethane (sulfonal) Tetronal Trional Triclofos GABAB 1,4-Butanediol 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Baclofen GABOB
Methaqualone
Pharmaceutical compound
Imidazoleacetic acid (also known as IAA, IMA, imidazole-4-acetic acid, or I4AA) is a naturally occurring endogenous metabolite of the neurotransmitter
Imidazoleacetic_acid
Category of drug
Ibotenic acid Imidazole-4-acetic acid (IAA) Isoguvacine Isonipecotic acid Methylglyoxal Muscimol Nefiracetam Picamilon 4-PIOL Piperidine-4-sulfonic acid (P4S)
GABA_receptor_agonist
Combination drug
acid Valerenic acid Sulfonylalkanes Sulfonmethane (sulfonal) Tetronal Trional Triclofos GABAB 1,4-Butanediol 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Baclofen GABOB
Xywav
Chemical compound
Barbital (or barbitone), sold under the brand names Veronal for the pure acid and Medinal for the sodium salt, was the first commercially available barbiturate
Barbital
Short-acting barbiturate
Pentobarbital can occur as a free acid but is usually formulated as the sodium salt, pentobarbital sodium. The free acid is only slightly soluble in water
Pentobarbital
Class of CNS depressant drugs
depressants that enhance the effect of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at the GABAA receptor, resulting in sedative, hypnotic (sleep-inducing)
Benzodiazepine
Loop diuretic medication
medications: Aspirin and other salicylates Other diuretics (e.g. ethacrynic acid, hydrochlorothiazide) Synergistic effects with other antihypertensives (e
Furosemide
Obsolete sedative-hypnotic
The sodium salt of secobarbital is classified separately from the free acid, as follows: CAS number: 309-43-3 Chemical formula: C12H18N2NaO3 Molecular
Secobarbital
Fluoroquinolone antibiotic
1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(1-piperazinyl)-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid. Its empirical formula is C17H18FN3O3 and its molecular weight is 331.4 g/mol
Ciprofloxacin
Benzodiazepine used for anesthesia and procedural sedation
acid Valerenic acid Sulfonylalkanes Sulfonmethane (sulfonal) Tetronal Trional Triclofos GABAB 1,4-Butanediol 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Baclofen GABOB
Midazolam
Amino acid
an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. Its side chain is similar to that of glutamic acid, except the carboxylic acid group is replaced
Glutamine
Species of flowering plant
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) Valeric acid Isovaleric acid Iridoids, including valepotriates Sesquiterpenes (contained in the volatile oil): valerenic acid, hydroxyvalerenic
Valerian_(herb)
Chemical sedative and hypnotic drug
glucuronide by erythrocytes and plasma esterases and into trichloroacetic acid in 4 to 5 days. It has a very narrow therapeutic window making this drug
Chloral_hydrate
Sleep medication
4-triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazine: a functionally selective gamma-aminobutyric acid(A) (GABA(A)) alpha2/alpha3-subtype selective agonist that exhibits potent
Zolpidem
Chemical compound
Metabotropic GABABTooltip γ-Aminobutyric acid B receptor Agonists: 1,4-Butanediol 3-APPA 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Arbaclofen Arbaclofen placarbil Baclofen
Dihydropicrotoxinin
Drug Class
Redl (April 2002). "Tranexamic Acid, a Widely Used Antifibrinolytic Agent, Causes Convulsions by a γ-Aminobutyric AcidA Receptor Antagonistic Effect"
GABA_receptor_antagonist
Chemical compound
(Z)-4-Amino-2-butenoic acid (cis-4-aminocrotonic acid) is a GABA receptor partial agonist selective for the GABAA-ρ (previously known as GABAC) subtype
(Z)-4-Amino-2-butenoic_acid
Chemical compound
Metabotropic GABABTooltip γ-Aminobutyric acid B receptor Agonists: 1,4-Butanediol 3-APPA 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Arbaclofen Arbaclofen placarbil Baclofen
EBOB
Naturally occurring glutamate receptor agonist neurotoxin
Ibotenic acid, or ibotenate, also known as premuscimol or as (S)-2-amino-2-(3-hydroxyisoxazol-5-yl)acetic acid, is a naturally occurring α-amino acid found
Ibotenic_acid
Benzodiazepine medication
increasing the effect of the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Clonazepam was patented in 1960 and approved in 1975 in the United
Clonazepam
Chemical compound
acid Valerenic acid Sulfonylalkanes Sulfonmethane (sulfonal) Tetronal Trional Triclofos GABAB 1,4-Butanediol 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Baclofen GABOB
Lemborexant
Antihistamine drug
considered to be non-sedative. Hydroxyzine also acts as a functional inhibitor of acid sphingomyelinase. Hydroxyzine can be administered orally or via intramuscular
Hydroxyzine
Genus of flowering plants
acid Valerenic acid Sulfonylalkanes Sulfonmethane (sulfonal) Tetronal Trional Triclofos GABAB 1,4-Butanediol 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Baclofen GABOB
Cannabis
Muscle relaxant medication
depressant and derivative of the inhibitory neurotransmitter, gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA). Baclofen is a potent GABAB receptor agonist, antispasmodic, and skeletal
Baclofen
Benzodiazepine medication
acid Valerenic acid Sulfonylalkanes Sulfonmethane (sulfonal) Tetronal Trional Triclofos GABAB 1,4-Butanediol 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Baclofen GABOB
Lorazepam
Chemical compound
Metabotropic GABABTooltip γ-Aminobutyric acid B receptor Agonists: 1,4-Butanediol 3-APPA 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Arbaclofen Arbaclofen placarbil Baclofen
Bamaluzole
Chemical compound
signaling receptor of the inhibitory endogenous neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). However, it acts as a preferential supra-maximal agonist at extrasynaptic
Gaboxadol
Class of depressant drugs derived from barbituric acid
a class of depressant drugs that are chemically derived from barbituric acid. They are effective when used medically as anxiolytics, hypnotics, and anticonvulsants
Barbiturate
Chemical compound
Metabotropic GABABTooltip γ-Aminobutyric acid B receptor Agonists: 1,4-Butanediol 3-APPA 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Arbaclofen Arbaclofen placarbil Baclofen
Tolgabide
Endogenous GABA precursor
precursor and metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) from putrescine. The metabolic pathway is specifically putrescine
N-Acetylputrescine
Medication to treat symptoms of narcolepsy
withdrawal syndrome. Sodium oxybate is the sodium salt of γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB). The clinical trials for narcolepsy were conducted just as abuse of
Sodium_oxybate
Ionotropic receptor and ligand-gated ion channel
(i.e., ligand-gated ion channel). Its endogenous ligand is γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system
GABAA_receptor
Chemical compound
4-Hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic acid (UMB68) is a tertiary alcohol, similar in structure to the drug GHB. The molecule has been synthesized and tested on animals
4-Hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic acid
4-Hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic_acid
Drug that reduces excitement without inducing sleep
but the majority of them affect the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Most sedatives produce relaxing effects by increasing GABA activity
Sedative
Chemical compound
Pentabamate (S-109) is a tranquilizer of the carbamate family. "Carbamic acid esters of glycols". Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 43 Suppl (Suppl):
Pentabamate
Chemical compound
ethanol, with the (R), also known as (D), enantiomer being more active. Fatty acid esters of 1,3-butanediol such as the acetoacetate, lactate or hexanoate have
1,3-Butanediol
Anti-seizure medication
indeed, evidence from a randomized controlled trial suggests that folic acid supplementation can prevent gingival enlargement in children who take phenytoin
Phenytoin
Pharmaceutical compound
Isonipecotic acid, also known as piperidine-4-carboxylic acid (P4C), is a conformationally constrained derivative of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and a
Isonipecotic_acid
Chemical compound
Metabotropic GABABTooltip γ-Aminobutyric acid B receptor Agonists: 1,4-Butanediol 3-APPA 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Arbaclofen Arbaclofen placarbil Baclofen
Chlorophenylsilatrane
Chemical compound
acid Valerenic acid Sulfonylalkanes Sulfonmethane (sulfonal) Tetronal Trional Triclofos GABAB 1,4-Butanediol 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Baclofen GABOB
Tetrabarbital
Class of chemical compounds
Metabotropic GABABTooltip γ-Aminobutyric acid B receptor Agonists: 1,4-Butanediol 3-APPA 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Arbaclofen Arbaclofen placarbil Baclofen
Bicyclic_phosphate
First-generation antihistamine used as a short-term sedative and hypnotic (sleep aid)
had been marketed since 1979. Doxylamine is primarily used as the succinic acid salt, doxylamine succinate. It is the sedating ingredient of NyQuil (generally
Doxylamine
Tranquilizer based with herbs Valerian, hops, peppermint & phenobarbital, a barbiturate
chemical is 3-methylbutyric acid, also known as isovaleric acid or isopentanoic acid. It is a simple short-chain fatty acid also produced by many bacteria
Corvalol
Chemical compound
Metabotropic GABABTooltip γ-Aminobutyric acid B receptor Agonists: 1,4-Butanediol 3-APPA 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Arbaclofen Arbaclofen placarbil Baclofen
ADX-71441
Endogenous GABA precursor
N-Acetyl-γ-aminobutyric acid (N-acetyl-GABA), also known as N-acetyl-4-aminobutyric acid, is a metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
N-Acetyl-γ-aminobutyric_acid
Chemical compound
acid Valerenic acid Sulfonylalkanes Sulfonmethane (sulfonal) Tetronal Trional Triclofos GABAB 1,4-Butanediol 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Baclofen GABOB
Methoxyqualone
Hallucinogenic drug
major signaling receptor of the inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The mechanism of action of GABAA receptor agonists is unlike that
GABAA_receptor_agonist
Chemical compound
Metabotropic GABABTooltip γ-Aminobutyric acid B receptor Agonists: 1,4-Butanediol 3-APPA 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Arbaclofen Arbaclofen placarbil Baclofen
Fipronil
Antidepressant medication
the corresponding carboxylic acid (4), reduction to the alcohol (5) allows for mirtazapine (6) to be synthesised via an acid mediated cyclisation. Mirtazapine
Mirtazapine
Muscle relaxant medication
which was nitrated with sodium nitrate in sulfuric acid and reduced using iron and acetic acid. The amine intermediate was treated with benzoyl chloride
Tizanidine
Chemical compound
acid Valerenic acid Sulfonylalkanes Sulfonmethane (sulfonal) Tetronal Trional Triclofos GABAB 1,4-Butanediol 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Baclofen GABOB
Acetylglycinamide chloral hydrate
Acetylglycinamide_chloral_hydrate
Pharmaceutical compound
69–108%). It is less potent as a GABAA receptor agonist than γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), muscimol, or gaboxadol (THIP) (e.g., ~30-fold lower affinity and
4-AHP
Chemical compound
Metabotropic GABABTooltip γ-Aminobutyric acid B receptor Agonists: 1,4-Butanediol 3-APPA 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Arbaclofen Arbaclofen placarbil Baclofen
Monastrol
Chemical compound
(R) HOCPCA (3-hydroxycyclopent-1-enecarboxylic acid) is a compound with an affinity for the GHB receptor 39 times greater than that of GHB itself. T-HCA
HOCPCA
Chemical compound
Moore KW, et al. (April 2004). "Selective, orally active gamma-aminobutyric acidA alpha5 receptor inverse agonists as cognition enhancers". Journal of Medicinal
Α5IA
Chemical compound
is a drug formed by a synthetic combination of niacin and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). It was developed in the Soviet Union in 1969 and further studied
Picamilon
Chemical compound
Metabotropic GABABTooltip γ-Aminobutyric acid B receptor Agonists: 1,4-Butanediol 3-APPA 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Arbaclofen Arbaclofen placarbil Baclofen
Sinomenine
Pharmaceutical compound
Piperidine-4-sulfonic acid (P4S) is a synthetic GABAA receptor agonist and a cyclized analogue of the inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The
Piperidine-4-sulfonic_acid
Medication of the barbiturate type
preparation for a 99mTc-IDA hepatobiliary (HIDA; hepatobiliary 99mTc-iminodiacetic acid) study that differentiates atresia from hepatitis or cholestasis. In massive
Phenobarbital
Antidepressant medication
increased trazodone and mCPP levels. Serotonergic psychedelics like lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin are thought to mediate their hallucinogenic
Trazodone
Chemical compound
acid Valerenic acid Sulfonylalkanes Sulfonmethane (sulfonal) Tetronal Trional Triclofos GABAB 1,4-Butanediol 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Baclofen GABOB
ORG-20599
GHB receptor coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
3-Hydroxycyclopent-1-enecarboxylic acid (HOCPCA) 4-(p-Chlorobenzyl)-GHB Aceburic acid γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) γ-Hydroxyvaleric acid (GHV; 4-methyl-GHB) NCS-356
GHB_receptor
Chemical compound
Metabotropic GABABTooltip γ-Aminobutyric acid B receptor Agonists: 1,4-Butanediol 3-APPA 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Arbaclofen Arbaclofen placarbil Baclofen
TBPO
Chemical compound
(3): 679–684. doi:10.1016/0002-9378(50)90253-5. PMID 15405833. US patent 2187703, "Barbituric acids", published 1940-01-16, issued 1940-01-16 v t e
Vinbarbital
Barbiturate general anesthetic
5-ethyl-5-(1'-methyl-3'-hydroxybutyl)-2-thiobarbituric acid, and 5-ethyl-5-(1'-methyl-3'-carboxypropyl)-2-thiobarbituric acid. The usual dose range for induction of anesthesia
Sodium_thiopental
Chemical compound
Metabotropic GABABTooltip γ-Aminobutyric acid B receptor Agonists: 1,4-Butanediol 3-APPA 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Arbaclofen Arbaclofen placarbil Baclofen
BHF-177
Chemical compound
Metabotropic GABABTooltip γ-Aminobutyric acid B receptor Agonists: 1,4-Butanediol 3-APPA 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Arbaclofen Arbaclofen placarbil Baclofen
Suritozole
Convulsant toxin
Metabotropic GABABTooltip γ-Aminobutyric acid B receptor Agonists: 1,4-Butanediol 3-APPA 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Arbaclofen Arbaclofen placarbil Baclofen
Coriamyrtin
Drug whose use induces sleep
triglyceride (fat) and precursor or prodrug of butyric acid (butyrate), a short-chain fatty acid and major product of beneficial gut bacteria, has been
Hypnotic
Antibiotic medication
erythromycin, clarithromycin is acid-stable, so can be taken orally without having to be protected from gastric acids. It is readily absorbed, and diffuses
Clarithromycin
Pharmaceutical compound
neurotoxin quisqualic acid and an analogue of the neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). α-Decarboxylation of excitatory amino acids can produce derivatives
Quisqualamine
Chemical compound
acid Valerenic acid Sulfonylalkanes Sulfonmethane (sulfonal) Tetronal Trional Triclofos GABAB 1,4-Butanediol 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Baclofen GABOB
Prenderol
Chemical compound
of piperidine leading to the formation of the ββ-disubstituted glutaric acids". Journal of the Chemical Society, Transactions. 99: 422–448. doi:10.1039/CT9119900422
Bemegride
Chemical compound
Valerenic acid may be at least partly responsible for valerian's sedative effects, in addition to the other valerenic acids hydroxyvalerenic acid and acetoxyvalerenic
Valerenic_acid
Chemical compound
Metabotropic GABABTooltip γ-Aminobutyric acid B receptor Agonists: 1,4-Butanediol 3-APPA 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Arbaclofen Arbaclofen placarbil Baclofen
Arbaclofen_placarbil
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