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Unconditional social welfare proposal
Universal basic income (UBI) is a social welfare proposal in which all members of a given population regularly receive a minimum income in the form of
Universal_basic_income
Universal basic income in Germany (German: Grundeinkommen) has been discussed since the 1970s, with emphasis placed on its unconditional dimension by
Universal basic income in Germany
Universal_basic_income_in_Germany
Type of experiments
implementation of universal basic income (UBI), or the related concept of negative income tax (NIT), including partial universal basic income and similar programs
Universal_basic_income_pilots
Overview of the current status of universal basic income around the world
Universal basic income (UBI) is discussed in many countries. This article gives an overview of national and regional debates. Starting from November 2017
Universal basic income by country
Universal_basic_income_by_country
for the introduction of a universal basic income (UBI). Özgür Özel, Chairman of Republican People's Party Dieter Althaus, German politician Tim Berners-Lee
List of advocates of universal basic income
List_of_advocates_of_universal_basic_income
German political party
parties also include universal basic income among their policies but do not exclusively focus on it. Universal basic income in Germany Siedenberg, Sven (25
Basic_Income_Alliance
German registered association
(My Basic Income) is a German non-profit registered association that is committed to spreading the idea of unconditional basic income in Germany and researching
Mein_Grundeinkommen
German neurobiologist and author
people. Hüther is an advocate of the universal basic income (UBI). He also thinks that there will be a basic income in the near future because many employees
Gerald_Hüther
German businessman (1944–2022)
a German billionaire businessman and founder of the dm-drogerie markt retail store chain. He was also known as an advocate of universal basic income (UBI)
Götz_Werner
Political party in Germany
anarchist, dadaist party in Germany. Its main proposals include universal basic income, restricting private ownership and leaving NATO. It is known for
Bergpartei,_die_ÜberPartei
Associations of apartment tenants
Organizations in 1953. State and federal associations represent the interest of tenants in the legislative process as a lobby group, for example Universal basic income
Tenant associations in Germany
Tenant_associations_in_Germany
German journalist and author
March 1970) is a German journalist, career advisor and non-fiction author. He is also known as an advocate of universal basic income (UBI). Martin Wehrle
Martin_Wehrle
German political party
humanist[citation needed]. In their 2021 party program, Die PARTEI supports the implementation of universal basic income. Titanic, whose employees would
Die_PARTEI
Political party in Germany
Climate Animal-Protection, short form: German: Tierschutzpartei) is a political party in Germany, founded in 1993. In 2014, the party elected one MEP to the
Partei Mensch Klima Tierschutz
Partei_Mensch_Klima_Tierschutz
Trotskyist political party
anti-capitalist stance while also supporting the introduction of universal basic income at 1,500 Euros per month. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the SGP
Socialist Equality Party (Germany)
Socialist_Equality_Party_(Germany)
Political party in Germany
The Liberal Democrats call for the introduction of an unconditional basic income, in which all tax-financed social assistance of the state is combined.
Liberal_Democrats_(Germany)
Proposed tax reform
income, and substitution effects. The view that the state should supplement the income of the poor has a long history (see Universal basic income § History)
Negative_income_tax
public institution, independent of any other income. This is a list of alternates to universal basic income that intends to give all citizens of a population
List_of_basic_income_models
Political party in Germany
equality among all citizens. In this context, the party supports the introduction of a universal basic income. During the German federal election on 24 September
Die Urbane. Eine HipHop Partei
Die_Urbane._Eine_HipHop_Partei
German entrepreneur, author and activist
(born 1 October 1984, in Rüdersdorf) is a German entrepreneur, author and activist for universal basic income in the country. In 2014, he founded the association
Michael_Bohmeyer
Political party in Germany
engineering in agriculture. The party opposes TTIP, which they say softens labour rights and causes climate destruction. They advocate a basic income on the
V-Partei3
German businessman
advocate of some form of universal basic income (UBI). He supports startups in German politics. Europe is in danger of falling behind in economic competition
Frank_Thelen
German politician
advocated its repeal and the implementation of universal basic income; she was spokeswoman for the Basic Income Network from 2004 to 2008. She also calls for
Katja_Kipping
2016 book by Rutger Bregman
Utopia for Realists: The Case for a Universal Basic Income, Open Borders, and a 15-hour Workweek (alternatively subtitled And How We Can Get There and
Utopia_for_Realists
a Basic Income Pilot Program in the State of Hamburg" by the initiative Hamburg testet Grundeinkommen (lit. "Hamburg tests universal basic income") and
2025_Hamburg_referendums
German philosopher and author (born 1964)
and politics for constant economic growth as damaging. He is in favour of a basic income. In the debate about the thesis of Thilo Sarrazin Precht views
Richard_David_Precht
German political party
implementation of universal basic income. The party is considered left of the political centre. Currently, the Party of Humanists is the only party in Germany that
Party_of_Humanists
German activist
16 January 1967) is a German activist for the unconditional basic income. A childcare worker, Susanne Wiest is known in Germany for having launched a
Susanne_Wiest
Political party in Germany
Pirate Party Germany (German: Piratenpartei Deutschland), commonly known as Pirates (German: Piraten), is a political party in Germany founded in September
Pirate_Party_Germany
Minor party in Germany
conditions, including reform of Hartz IV to introduce unconditional basic income, increase of the minimum wage to €12, improved working conditions for
Democracy_in_Motion
Dutch journalist, writer, and historian (born 1988)
interest. In a TED presentation titled "Poverty Isn't a Lack of Character; It's a Lack of Cash" in April 2017, Bregman argued for a universal basic income as
Rutger_Bregman
Political party in Germany
violets also demand an unconditional basic income. The main goal, according to the party, is to develop a society in which "everyone can think, feel and
The_Violets_(political_party)
German political sociologist (1940–2025)
"A Basic Income for All" by Philippe Van Parijs in Boston Review, Offe published a response. Offe clarified some of his thoughts about the universal basic
Claus_Offe
Wealth gained over a given time period
most famous being Universal Basic Income. Universal Basic Income is a periodic receival of cash given to individuals on universal and unconditional basis
Income
Type of health care system
Universal health care (also called universal health coverage, universal coverage, or universal care) is a health care system in which all residents of
Universal_health_care
Social-welfare system
sole qualification, the program becomes a universal basic income (UBI). Unlike a guaranteed minimum income, UBI does not typically take into account what
Guaranteed_minimum_income
all citizens of a country, often called universal health care, is a broad concept that has been implemented in several ways. The common denominator for
Universal health care by country
Universal_health_care_by_country
Political party in Germany
also advocated for a variable basic income and criticized local noise pollution. The party viewed itself as standing in the tradition of those parties
Democratic Party of Germany (2009)
Democratic_Party_of_Germany_(2009)
Universal inheritance or basic inheritance is a proposal for all citizens, upon reaching a certain age, to receive an economic endowment from the State
Universal_inheritance
Nonprofit organization
poverty in West Africa. Since 2020, Social Income has been running an open-ended universal basic income program in Sierra Leone. Social Income was established
Social_Income
Germany has a universal multi-payer health care system. It is financed through a combination of statutory health insurance (Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung)
Healthcare_in_Germany
Class of wage-earners in a tenuous job situation close to unemployment
Ongoing cost-of-living crisis in the United KingdomPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets Universal basic income – Unconditional social welfare
Precariat
Political party in Germany
crime, the deportation of criminal foreigners, animal rights, a universal basic income, the recognition of same-sex marriage, LGBT anti-discrimination
Democratic Gay/Lesbian Party - The People's Party
Democratic_Gay/Lesbian_Party_-_The_People's_Party
Economic theory by Terry Pratchett
theory that people in poverty have to buy cheap and subpar products that need to be replaced repeatedly, proving more expensive in the long run than more
Boots_theory
1989–1991 unification process of Germany
the accession of East Germany to West Germany, and of East Germany's acceptance of the Basic Law already in force in West Germany, was initiated as the
German_reunification
Left-wing European political alliance
ecofeminism, post-growth and post-capitalism. Implementation of a universal basic income is widely defended among its members. The acronym DiEM alludes to
Democracy in Europe Movement 2025
Democracy_in_Europe_Movement_2025
Social-liberal political party in Belgium
liberal. In 2007, the party announced it would likely merge with the VLD. Vivant is economically interventionist, advocating a basic income guarantee
Vivant
2018 book by Kristen Ghodsee
satisfaction among women in East Germany compared to those in West Germany. Ghodsee advocates for a Universal Basic Income which she argues would balance
Why Women Have Better Sex Under Socialism
Why_Women_Have_Better_Sex_Under_Socialism
Measures to reduce poverty permanently
Redistribution of income and wealth Social dividend Social protection floor Social safety net Social work Theories of poverty Universal basic income "Women's Empowerment
Poverty_reduction
Unequal access to higher quality healthcare
Two-tier healthcare is a situation in which a basic government-provided healthcare system provides basic care, and a secondary tier of care exists for
Two-tier_healthcare
Condition characterized by severe deprivation of basic human needs
gender, geography, disability, race or other status – is denied universal human rights and basic economic opportunities". The UN least developed country (LDC)
Extreme_poverty
2018 book by David Graeber
association of labor with virtuous suffering is recent in human history and proposes universal basic income as a potential solution which would allow individuals
Bullshit_Jobs
German political party
a universal basic income and increased salaries in social and service jobs The Green New Deal for climate neutrality by 2030 for investments in the
MERA25
Anti-poverty services provided by the state; NGO Advocacy
welfare provision Solidarity economy State pension Universal basic income Universal basic services Universal inheritance Welfare World Bank. 2018. "The State
Social_safety_net
Georgist proposed policy
dividend in a tax on inheritance transfers, but Georgist supporters now focus on natural resources. This concept is a form of universal basic income (UBI)
Citizen's_dividend
American labor leader
Raising the Floor: How a Universal Basic Income Can Renew Our Economy and Rebuild the American Dream (2016). Andy Stern grew up in West Orange, New Jersey
Andy_Stern
Social program in Germany
German social services and unemployment software-system Universal Credit Inge Hannemann Unemployment benefits "Citizens' Basic Income replaces basic income
Hartz_concept
Regular cash transfer to older people
protection to all individuals in old age. This pillar is designed to ensure basic protection for those with low lifetime incomes, including individuals who
Social_pension
Retirement fund
countries have social pensions. Examples of universal pensions include New Zealand Superannuation and the Basic Retirement Pension of Mauritius. Most social
Pension
Political party in Wales
supporting a universal basic income and transitioning to a four day working week. It also supports the devolution of further powers to Wales. In October 2020
Wales_Green_Party
Country in Europe
Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Western and Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the
Germany
Denial of wages or employee benefits rightfully owed to an employee
average income of $17,616, which translates into wage theft of fifteen percent of income. Extrapolating from these figures, low wage workers in Chicago
Wage_theft
Swiss economist and migration researcher
advocate of universal basic income (UBI) in the German-speaking area. He is of the opinion that implementing a UBI will be necessary in the near future
Thomas_Straubhaar
British economist (1944–2017)
157–61. doi:10.1257/aer.101.3.157. Atkinson–Stiglitz theorem Universal basic income in the United Kingdom "Atkinson, A.B. (Anthony Barnes), 1944–". Library
Tony_Atkinson
similar to a typewriter granted to Henry Mill in 1714. Teleprinter – Frederick G. Creed (1871–1957) Universal Standard Time: Sir Sandford Fleming (1827–1915)
List of British innovations and discoveries
List_of_British_innovations_and_discoveries
Type of loan for educational expenses
sliding scale based on taxable income. As a consequence, loan repayments are only made when the former student has income to support the repayments. Discounts
Student_loan
Political party in Japan
Environment portal Renewable energy portal Energy in Japan Environmental issues in Japan Universal basic income in Japan Anti-nuclear campaigners launch Japan's
Greens_Japan
Greek left-wing political party
sea. Basic Income: Guarantee of food and housing as the first step toward a dignified universal basic income ensuring that every resident’s basic needs
MeRA25
Illegal foreigners in India
An illegal immigrant in India is a foreigner who has entered the Republic of India either without valid documents or who initially had a valid document
Illegal_immigration_to_India
Standard for metadata registries
concept "income" is combined with the object class "person" to form the data element concept "net income of person". Note that "net income" is more specific
ISO/IEC_11179
Finnish political party
in support of economic democracy. The party has been defined from the outside as social democratic. The party supports introducing a universal basic income
Left_Alliance_(Finland)
German politician
de (in German). Retrieved 11 January 2022. "Sahra Wagenknecht: Linke-Vorstand Maximilian Becker legt Wagenknecht AfD-Eintritt nahe". Der Spiegel (in German)
Maximilian_Becker
Individual or business that offers loans, using personal property as collateral
Look up pawnbroker in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. A pawnbroker is an individual who offers secured loans to people by taking items of personal property
Pawnbroker
Political party in South Korea
with the Basic Income Youth Network, began a two-week tour on 6 July 2015 to discover the opinions citizens in South Korea have about basic income, and to
Green_Party_Korea
Political party in Greece
such as its support for a fully secular state, the adoption of universal basic income, its call for stronger protection of reproductive rights, its opposition
Pirate_Party_of_Greece
Provincial political party in Canada
ran on a platform of investing in green jobs and clean energy, rolling out a universal basic income, and investing in mental health services. The party
Green_Party_of_Ontario
British politician (born 1960)
face". Lucas is a supporter of a permanent universal basic income. In January 2016, Lucas tabled a motion in the British Parliament, calling on the Government
Caroline_Lucas
Low-paid unskilled job
it offers a secure income in periods of economic crisis and high unemployment. Examples of such jobs are: cashiers, employees in fast food restaurants
Menial_job
state in the United Kingdom Social welfare Universal basic income in the United Kingdom Welfare reform Workfare in the United Kingdom Housing Public housing
Welfare state in the United Kingdom
Welfare_state_in_the_United_Kingdom
Income inequality has fluctuated considerably in the United States since measurements began around 1915, moving in an arc between peaks in the 1920s and
Income inequality in the United States
Income_inequality_in_the_United_States
Working people whose incomes fall below the poverty line
the number of marriages among low-income people would be unlikely to lower working poverty rates. Universal basic income Critique of work Employment discrimination
Working_poor
Political party in the Netherlands
De Groenen) is a political party in the Netherlands. It advocates for Green politics, an unconditional basic income and emphasises its anti-militarism
The_Greens_(Netherlands)
and universal social welfare policies on reduction of poverty and income inequality. Using data from 18 OECD countries and the Luxembourg Income Study
Welfare's_effect_on_poverty
Derogatory term for migrant workers in the Great Depression
were characterized by overcrowding and lack of basic amenities. For many Dust Bowl migrants, work in California's agricultural sector was their primary
Pea-pickers
Form of benefit
years of age. There is no income test on the primary earner's income, so in the case of sole parents the payment is universal. The previous entry referred
Child_benefit
Coerced sexual exploitation case of girls in Rajasthan, India
The 1992 Ajmer rape scandal was a series of gangrapes and blackmailing in which 250 female students, aged between 11 and 20, were reportedly victims of
Ajmer_rape_case
Financial advisory software
investment advice. While robo-advisors are most common in the United States, they are also present in Germany, Australia, India, Canada, and Singapore. Robo-advisors
Robo-advisor
National referendums held in Switzerland in 2016
debate in the 1980s nor the 1990s; however, in the early 2000s, things were slowly changing due to a spill-over from the German debate. Two basic income organizations
2016_Swiss_referendums
training. Germany's secondary education is separated into two parts, lower and upper. Germany's Lower-secondary education provides individuals with "basic general
Education_in_Germany
Topics referred to by the same term
(German for Free Money), a monetary unit proposed by German economist Silvio Gesell The term "free money" has been used to describe a universal basic income
Free_Money
Elections to the German parliament
Federal elections in Germany (German: Bundestagswahl) determine the members of the German Bundestag (MdB). According to Article 39 of the Basic Law, it generally
Federal_elections_in_Germany
Austrian philosopher (1923–2007)
just distribution of work, social alienation, and a guaranteed basic income. Born in Vienna as Gerhart Hirsch, he was the son of a Jewish wood-salesman
André_Gorz
Environmentalist political party in Portugal
party LIVRE, PAN has "sparked discussions about unconditional basic income". Vote share in the Portuguese legislative elections 17th Legislature (2025 –
People_Animals_Nature
Topics referred to by the same term
Marseille, (1919–1942), German flying ace of the Second World War Jacques Marseille, French historian, economist, and universal basic income advocate Raymond
Marseille_(disambiguation)
Beyond optimum economic growth
The Path to Degrowth in Overdeveloped Countries Tim Jackson (economist) Traditional trades Uneconomic growth Universal Basic Income Post Growth Institute
Post-growth
with incomes from agricultural work and 6.8% of households with non-agricultural incomes are subject to poverty risks. Therefore, increases in employment
Poverty_in_Moldova
British politician (born 1951)
McDonnell has expressed support for universal basic income policies. In 2014, he hosted a session on citizen's income and commissioned economist Guy Standing
John_McDonnell
Christian belief that all will be reconciled to God
restored to a right relationship with God. "Christian universalism" and "the belief or hope in the universal reconciliation through Christ" are typically understood
Christian_universalism
Abundance of financial assets or possessions
measurement in economics. The invention of coined money and banking was particularly important. Aristotle describes the basic function of money as a universal instrument
Wealth
pension systems pillars by country. Pension entitlements by funding type in % of total in year 2021. Some of the listed systems might also be considered social
Pension_systems_by_country
UNIVERSAL BASIC-INCOME-IN-GERMANY
UNIVERSAL BASIC-INCOME-IN-GERMANY
Boy/Male
Tamil
King, Basil the herb
Female
English
Feminine form of French Nicolas, NICOLE means "victor of the people."
Female
Irish
Irish form of French Madeline, MADAILÉIN means "of Magdala."
Boy/Male
Muslim
King, Basil the herb (1)
Boy/Male
Greek American English
Royal. Kingly. St Basil the Great was Bishop of Caesarea in the latter half of the 4th century....
Female
Irish
Variant spelling of Irish Gaelic LÃadan, LÃADÃIN means "grey lady."
Female
Hebrew
 Variant spelling of Hebrew Basya, BASIA means "daughter of God."
Boy/Male
Muslim
Clear
Boy/Male
French, German, Polish
Long
Boy/Male
Hindu
Basic, Foundation
Boy/Male
Muslim
Vast, Spacious, One who stretches, Enlarges
Boy/Male
Muslim
Vision, Propitious, Auspicious, Prudent, Bringer of glad tidings
Boy/Male
Hindu
Basic, Foundation
Boy/Male
Hindu
King, Basil the herb
Boy/Male
Tamil
Basic, Foundation
Boy/Male
Tamil
Basic, Foundation
Male
Croatian
, goodness.
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : from a medieval personal name, ultimately from Greek Basileios ‘royal’. The name was borne by a 4th-century bishop of Caesarea in Cappadocia, regarded as one of the four Fathers of the Eastern Church; he wrote important theological works and established a rule for religious orders of monks. Various other saints are also known under these and cognate names. The popularity of Vasili as a Russian personal name is largely due to the fact that this was the ecclesiastical name of St. Vladimir (956–1015), Prince of Kiev, who was chiefly responsible for the introduction of Christianity to Russia. As an American surname, this has also absorbed some Greek, Russian, and other derivatives of Greek Vasili.
Male
English
 English form of French Basile, BASIL means "king." Also sometimes given as an herb name.
Boy/Male
Greek
Royal. Kingly. St Basil the Great was Bishop of Caesarea in the latter half of the 4th century....
UNIVERSAL BASIC-INCOME-IN-GERMANY
UNIVERSAL BASIC-INCOME-IN-GERMANY
Girl/Female
Muslim
Soul
Boy/Male
Australian, French, German, Italian, Latin, Portuguese
Person with Wishes or Dreams
Boy/Male
Greek
Freer of horses.
Female
Finnish
Finnish form of Latin Cæcilia, SILJA means "blind."Â
Boy/Male
American, Anglo, Australian, British, Celtic, Christian, English, Gaelic, Irish
Greta; Oak Tree; From Araines
Boy/Male
Tamil
Lord Shiva
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Castle.Manx : from a short form of the Old Norse personal name Ãsketill, composed of the elements áss ‘god’ + ketill ‘kettle’.Catalan : topographic name from Catalan castell ‘castle’, a derivative of Late Latin castellum ‘castle’ (a diminutive of Latin castrum ‘fort’, ‘Roman walled city’). Compare Spanish Castillo and Occitan (southern French) Castel.Probably an altered spelling of German Kastel.
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
Equal
Boy/Male
Hindu
Nature, Handsome
Surname or Lastname
English and Irish
English and Irish : variant of Brach 2.
UNIVERSAL BASIC-INCOME-IN-GERMANY
UNIVERSAL BASIC-INCOME-IN-GERMANY
UNIVERSAL BASIC-INCOME-IN-GERMANY
UNIVERSAL BASIC-INCOME-IN-GERMANY
UNIVERSAL BASIC-INCOME-IN-GERMANY
a.
Forming the whole of a genus; relatively unlimited in extension; affirmed or denied of the whole of a subject; as, a universal proposition; -- opposed to particular; e. g. (universal affirmative) All men are animals; (universal negative) No men are omniscient.
n.
The name given to several aromatic herbs of the Mint family, but chiefly to the common or sweet basil (Ocymum basilicum), and the bush basil, or lesser basil (O. minimum), the leaves of which are used in cookery. The name is also given to several kinds of mountain mint (Pycnanthemum).
a.
Of or pertaining to the universe; extending to, including, or affecting, the whole number, quantity, or space; unlimited; general; all-reaching; all-pervading; as, universal ruin; universal good; universal benevolence or benefice.
v. t.
To inclose in a case; to inclose; to cover or surround with something solid.
n.
A coming in; entrance; admittance; ingress; infusion.
a.
Universal.
n.
That gain which proceeds from labor, business, property, or capital of any kind, as the produce of a farm, the rent of houses, the proceeds of professional business, the profits of commerce or of occupation, or the interest of money or stock in funds, etc.; revenue; receipts; salary; especially, the annual receipts of a private person, or a corporation, from property; as, a large income.
a.
Having the base in excess, or the amount of the base atomically greater than that of the acid, or exceeding in proportion that of the related neutral salt.
n.
Universal measurement.
v. t.
To inclose; to take in; to harvest.
a.
Constituting or considered as a whole; total; entire; whole; as, the universal world.
adv.
In a universal manner; without exception; as, God's laws are universally binding on his creatures.
n.
The whole; the general system of the universe; the universe.
n.
The quantity contained in a basin.
a.
Adapted or adaptable to all or to various uses, shapes, sizes, etc.; as, a universal milling machine.
a.
Of or pertaining to barium; as, baric oxide.
p. p.
of Become
n.
A general abstract conception, so called from being universally applicable to, or predicable of, each individual or species contained under it.
n.
A universal proposition. See Universal, a., 4.