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Ethical concerns about embryonic stem cell research and medical use
The stem cell controversy concerns the ethics of research involving the development and use of human embryos. Most commonly, this controversy focuses
Stem_cell_controversy
Use of stem cells to treat or prevent a disease or condition
Stem-cell therapy uses stem cells to treat or prevent a disease or condition. As of 2024[update], the only FDA-approved therapy using stem cells is hematopoietic
Stem-cell_therapy
Unspecialized biological cell that can become specialized
multicellular organisms, stem cells are undifferentiated or partially differentiated cells that can change into various types of cells and proliferate indefinitely
Stem_cell
Type of pluripotent blastocystic stem cell
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are pluripotent stem cells derived from the inner cell mass of a blastocyst, an early-stage pre-implantation embryo. Human
Embryonic_stem_cell
Culture of stem cells that can be propagated indefinitely
A stem cell line is a group of stem cells that is cultured in vitro and can be propagated indefinitely. Stem cell lines are derived from either animal
Stem-cell_line
Cell that differentiates into one or a few cell types
A progenitor cell is a biological cell that can differentiate into a specific cell type. Stem cells and progenitor cells have this ability in common.
Progenitor_cell
Laws governing the use or isolation of human stem cells
laws have been the source of much controversy and vary significantly by country. In the European Union, stem cell research using the human embryo is
Stem_cell_laws
Multipotent adult stem cells present in multiple tissues
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), also known as mesenchymal stromal cells or medicinal signaling cells, are multipotent stromal cells that can differentiate
Mesenchymal_stem_cell
Facility which stores umbilical cord blood for future use
adequate stem cell counts. The public in the United States has a general awareness of embryonic stem cells because of the stem cell controversy. However
Cord_blood_bank
Specific location in the body containing stem cells
Stem-cell niche refers to a microenvironment, within the specific anatomic location where stem cells are found, which interacts with stem cells to regulate
Stem-cell_niche
South Korean scientific misconduct scandal
Hwang Woo-suk, who claimed to have created the first human embryonic stem cells by cloning in 2004. Hwang and his research team at the Seoul National
Hwang_affair
Pluripotent stem cell generated directly from a somatic cell
pluripotent stem cells (also known as iPS cells or iPSCs) are a type of pluripotent stem cell that can be generated directly from a somatic cell. The iPSC
Induced_pluripotent_stem_cell
Stem cell laws and policy in the United States have had a complicated legal and political history. Stem cells are cells found in all multi-cellular organisms
Stem cell laws and policy in the United States
Stem_cell_laws_and_policy_in_the_United_States
Method of creating a cloned embryo by replacing the egg nucleus with a body cell nucleus
ability allows stem cells to create any cell type, which could then be transplanted to replace damaged or destroyed cells. Controversy surrounds human
Somatic_cell_nuclear_transfer
Multipotent stem cell in the adult body
Adult stem cells are undifferentiated cells, found throughout the body after development, that multiply by cell division to replenish dying cells and regenerate
Adult_stem_cell
embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs) are a term applied to a population of adult stem cells that share several characteristics with embryonic stem cells. Initially
Very small embryonic-like stem cells
Very_small_embryonic-like_stem_cells
Proposed method of generating pluripotent stem cells
(STAP) was a proposed method of generating pluripotent stem cells by subjecting ordinary cells to certain types of stress, such as the application of
Stimulus-triggered acquisition of pluripotency
Stimulus-triggered_acquisition_of_pluripotency
1932 dystopian novel by Aldous Huxley
Fukuyama Our Posthuman Future (2002) Cloning prohibition Leon Kass Stem cell controversy "Designer baby" "Frankenstein's monster" He Jiankui affair Hwang
Brave_New_World
Australian science journalist
for Stem Cells: controversy at the frontiers of science 2005: Eureka Award finalist for promoting the public understanding of science, for Stem Cells: controversy
Elizabeth_Finkel
1943 book by C. S. Lewis
Fukuyama Our Posthuman Future (2002) Cloning prohibition Leon Kass Stem cell controversy "Designer baby" "Frankenstein's monster" He Jiankui affair Hwang
The_Abolition_of_Man
Natural, artificial, or technological alteration of the human body
(where each cell has partly human and partly animal genetic contents) and human-animal chimeras (where some cells are human and some cells are animal in
Human_enhancement
American academic (born 1939)
men and women—can reverse our rapid slide toward Schechem. As the stem cell controversy brewed in the late 1990s and into 2001, President George W. Bush
Leon_Kass
Series of cells formed before the embryo
Beginning of pregnancy controversy In vitro fertilization Pregnancy Preimplantation genetic diagnosis Stem cell controversy Spallone, Patricia. “Bad
Preimplantation_embryo
Stem cell fat grafting is the autotransplantation of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) extracted from fat-abundant donor sites (e.g. thigh or stomach)
Stem_cell_fat_grafting
English author and Christian apologist (1874–1936)
Fukuyama Our Posthuman Future (2002) Cloning prohibition Leon Kass Stem cell controversy "Designer baby" "Frankenstein's monster" He Jiankui affair Hwang
G._K._Chesterton
American political scientist, economist, and author (born 1952)
Fukuyama Our Posthuman Future (2002) Cloning prohibition Leon Kass Stem cell controversy "Designer baby" "Frankenstein's monster" He Jiankui affair Hwang
Francis_Fukuyama
Rhetorical tactic and potential fallacy
more favorable overall attitude towards the brand. This persuasive power stems from a quick, System 1 thinking process, in which people substitute the
Appeal_to_nature
Biological term
blood cells, such as red blood cells (RBCs), immune cells, and even platelets all originate from the same progenitor cell, the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)
Hematopoietic_stem_cell_niche
require other special export permits. Stem cell laws and policy in China Stem cell laws Stem cell controversy Stem cell laws and policy in the United States
Stem cell laws and policy in Iran
Stem_cell_laws_and_policy_in_Iran
Philosophical movement
Drawing on developments in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM), as well as longstanding themes in science fiction, transhumanism explores
Transhumanism
Ovarian stem cells are oocytes formed in ovarian follicle before birth in female mammals. Interest has recently been devoted to OSCs (ovarian stem cells), whose
Ovarian_stem_cell
Stem Cell Research Enhancement Act was the name of two similar bills that both passed through the United States House of Representatives and Senate, but
Stem Cell Research Enhancement Act
Stem_Cell_Research_Enhancement_Act
1945 science-fiction novel by C. S. Lewis
Fukuyama Our Posthuman Future (2002) Cloning prohibition Leon Kass Stem cell controversy "Designer baby" "Frankenstein's monster" He Jiankui affair Hwang
That_Hideous_Strength
2018 scientific and bioethical controversy
Embryonic Stem Cell Research (2003) of the Ministry of Science and Technology and the National Health Commission of China: Research in human embryonic stem cells
He_Jiankui_affair
Fictional character in South Park
legislation, civil liberties, excessive religious devotion, the stem cell controversy, anabolic steroid use, the "right to die" debate, and prejudice
Eric_Cartman
Roman Catholic countries and opposed by countries with active embryonic stem cell research programs. Many Islamic nations abstained. The UN Declaration
United Nations Declaration on Human Cloning
United_Nations_Declaration_on_Human_Cloning
Concept of eternal life
Parkinson's and Alzheimer's may soon be curable with the use of stem cells. Breakthroughs in cell biology and telomere research are leading to treatments for
Immortality
Medical procedure
scientifically while creating significant controversy. As a result, many researchers have focused on adult stem cells, or stem cells isolated from adult humans that
Stem cell transplantation for articular cartilage repair
Stem_cell_transplantation_for_articular_cartilage_repair
Rhetorical strategy and accusation
Fukuyama Our Posthuman Future (2002) Cloning prohibition Leon Kass Stem cell controversy "Designer baby" "Frankenstein's monster" He Jiankui affair Hwang
Playing_God_(ethics)
Variety of ethical positions
December 2008). "Vatican Ethics Guide Stirs Controversy". The Washington Post. "On the Ethics of Stem Cell Research" (PDF). Focus. 33 (1). Michigan Catholic
Ethics_of_cloning
Concept of extending human lifespan
advocates hypothesize that future advancements in tissue rejuvenation, stem cells, regenerative medicine, molecular repair, gene therapy, pharmaceuticals
Life_extension
Class of philosophies
Fukuyama Our Posthuman Future (2002) Cloning prohibition Leon Kass Stem cell controversy "Designer baby" "Frankenstein's monster" He Jiankui affair Hwang
Posthumanism
1956 and 1980 volumes by Günther Anders
Fukuyama Our Posthuman Future (2002) Cloning prohibition Leon Kass Stem cell controversy "Designer baby" "Frankenstein's monster" He Jiankui affair Hwang
The Outdatedness of Human Beings
The_Outdatedness_of_Human_Beings
Biological elevation of emotional well-being
Fukuyama Our Posthuman Future (2002) Cloning prohibition Leon Kass Stem cell controversy "Designer baby" "Frankenstein's monster" He Jiankui affair Hwang
Biohappiness
Assisted reproductive technology procedure
a key case at the European Court of Human Rights Sex selection Stem cell controversy Reciprocal IVF Test Tube Babies (film) "Louise Brown: World's first
In_vitro_fertilisation
Hypothetical organism
creatures has paralleled the discussions around embryonic stem-cell research (the 'stem cell controversy'). The creation of genetically modified organisms for
Human–animal_hybrid
2nd episode of the 7th season of South Park
2003. In the episode, Christopher Reeve comes to South Park to promote stem cell research. Jimmy becomes offended because everyone pays attention to him
Krazy_Kripples
American philosopher (born 1981)
a leftist, not a Nazi, says N.J. professor at center of Hitler video controversy". NJ.com. Porter, Tom (September 20, 2017). "An alt-right chief boasted
Jason_Jorjani
Japanese stem cell biologist
1962 – 5 August 2014) was a Japanese stem cell biologist. He developed methods to guide human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) into forming brain cortex, eyes
Yoshiki_Sasai
Stem cell research policy varies significantly throughout the world. There are overlapping jurisdictions of international organizations, nations, and
Stem_cell_research_policy
Class of stem cells
Adult telomerase-positive stem cells (aTPSCs) are a proposed population of endogenous adult stem cells described in publications by Henry E. Young and
Adult telomerase positive stem cells
Adult_telomerase_positive_stem_cells
Overview of and topical guide to political science
Separation of church and state Health policy Legality of euthanasia Stem cell controversy Universal healthcare Health care reform Welfare state Guaranteed
Outline_of_political_science
Israeli professor of medicine
Stem Cell Transplantation (NST). New Frontiers in Cancer Therapy. Darwin Scientific Publishing Ltd. 2000. ISBN 9781903557006. Stem cell controversy Cancer
Shimon_Slavin
Genetically modified human embryo
introducing the desired genetic material into the embryo or parental germ cells. This process is typically prohibited by law, however, regulations vary
Designer_baby
Opinions of English biologist and author
Islamophobic. In the stem cell controversy, Dawkins favors stem cell research, even if it involves human embryos. "The 'embryos' used for stem cell research are
Views_of_Richard_Dawkins
Political ideologies based on Transhumanism
the most fundamental idea from which both libertarianism and transhumanism stem. They are rational egoists and ethical egoists who embrace the prospect of
Transhumanist_politics
Any biological cell forming the body of an organism
multicellular organism other than a gamete, germ cell, gametocyte or undifferentiated stem cell. Somatic cells compose the body of an organism and divide through
Somatic_cell
American developmental biologist
embryonic stem cell line in 1998 and for deriving human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) in 2007. Human embryonic stem cells [which are cells that reproduce
James Thomson (cell biologist)
James_Thomson_(cell_biologist)
Ethic opposing loss of life
teaching Christian pacifism Culture of life Sins that cry to heaven Stem cell controversy Worthen, Molly (15 September 2012). "The Power of Political Communion"
Consistent_life_ethic
Since haematopoietic stem cells cannot be isolated as a pure population, it is not possible to identify them under a microscope.[citation needed] Therefore
Techniques to isolate haematopoietic stem cells
Techniques_to_isolate_haematopoietic_stem_cells
Transfer of concerns to politicians
of the stem cell research controversy. Cobb, Ross & Ross proposed four primary steps in agenda building: Initiation, the issue or controversy must be
Agenda_building
Concept asserting that feelings of disgust can indicate moral truth or wisdom
to justify their position. The concept is also used in the study of controversies such as same-sex marriage, pornography, marijuana legalization, alternative
Wisdom_of_repugnance
Cellular process of loss of specialization
processes like direct reprogramming and the production of induced pluripotent stem cells, endogenous dedifferentiation processes also exist as a component of wound
Dedifferentiation
Creation of a genetically identical copy of a human
cloning that are being researched are somatic-cell nuclear transfer and (more recently) pluripotent stem cell induction. Reproductive cloning would involve
Human_cloning
Basic unit of life forms
"Asymmetric Behavior in Stem Cells". In Rajasekhar, V. K.; Vemuri, M. C. (eds.). Regulatory Networks in Stem Cells. Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative
Cell_(biology)
Proposed civil right
Fukuyama Our Posthuman Future (2002) Cloning prohibition Leon Kass Stem cell controversy "Designer baby" "Frankenstein's monster" He Jiankui affair Hwang
Morphological_freedom
Subsidiary of Astellas Pharma
US, developing stem cell therapies with a focus on diseases that cause blindness. It was formed in 1994 as a company named Advanced Cell Technology, Incorporated
Astellas Institute for Regenerative Medicine
Astellas_Institute_for_Regenerative_Medicine
2007 American film
Terra Incognita: The Perils and Promise of Stem Cell Research, also known as Terra Incognita: Mapping Stem Cell Research, is a documentary film released
Terra Incognita: The Perils and Promise of Stem Cell Research
Terra_Incognita:_The_Perils_and_Promise_of_Stem_Cell_Research
grafting live rejuvenated tissue in the form of autologous adipose adult stem cells to a damaged organ in order to restore it and improve its function. This
MIRA_procedure
Referendum on stem cell research
71 of 2004 (or the California Stem Cell Research and Cures Act) is a law enacted by California voters to support stem cell research in the state. It was
2004 California Proposition 71
2004_California_Proposition_71
Discredited South Korean scientist (born 1953)
in stem cell research and even called the "Pride of Korea". However, he became infamous around November 2005 for fabricating a series of stem cell experiments
Hwang_Woo-suk
voted in favor of embryonic stem cell research (Biosecurity Law). Brazil portal Stem cell laws Stem cell research Stem cell "Abortion of Anencephalics
ADI_3510
Israeli Arab researcher in molecular biochemistry
Israel. An expert in embryonic stem cell research, he is most recognized for developing the first bona fide Structured Stem cell-derived Synthetic Embryo Models
Jacob_Hanna
Cautious stance towards modifying human nature
these enhancements, this is likely to cause them psychological anguish stemming from pressure to fulfil such expectations. Actions which are likely to
Bioconservatism
Moral or legal rights of the human fetus
of the abortion debate Prenatal care Reproductive justice Stem cell controversy Stem cell laws Women's reproductive rights De Jesús Castaldi, Ligia (2020)
Fetal_rights
Belgian molecular biologist
Leuven. Her work on the ability of adult stem cells to differentiate to different cell types has garnered controversy due to accusations of poor laboratory
Catherine_Verfaillie
Japanese stem-cell researcher
Haruko Obokata (小保方 晴子, Obokata Haruko; born 1983) is a former stem-cell biologist and research unit leader at Japan's Laboratory for Cellular Reprogramming
Haruko_Obokata
Type of patents in the United States
John Moore (patent) Pharmaceutical patent Plant breeders' rights Stem cell controversy Traditional knowledge Cook-Deegan, Robert. "Gene patents". The Hastings
Biological patents in the United States
Biological_patents_in_the_United_States
Protein found in humans
proposal by the President's Council on Bioethics, as a solution to the stem cell controversy. According to one of the plans put forth, by deactivating the gene
Homeobox_protein_CDX-2
Biomedical engineering discipline
complicated by the ethical controversies associated with this and related fields of research (e.g. stem cells controversy, ethics of organ transplantation)
Tissue_engineering
Blood in the placenta and umbilical cord after birth
also contains various types of stem and progenitor cells, mostly hematopoietic stem cells. Some non-hematopoietic stem cell types are also present in cord
Cord_blood
American doctor and academic (born 1950)
Vacanti (born 1950) is an American researcher in tissue engineering and stem cells and the Vandam/Covino Professor of Anesthesiology, Emeritus, at Harvard
Charles_Vacanti
International treaty
Fukuyama Our Posthuman Future (2002) Cloning prohibition Leon Kass Stem cell controversy "Designer baby" "Frankenstein's monster" He Jiankui affair Hwang
Convention_for_the_Protection_of_Human_Rights_and_Dignity_of_the_Human_Being_with_regard_to_the_Application_of_Biology_and_Medicine
on both privately funded and publicly funded research." Stem cell law Stem cell controversy Weasel, Lisa H., and Eric Jensen. "Language and Values in
Christian_views_on_cloning
State socialism - Stateless nation - Statistics - Statoid - Stem cell - Stem cell controversy - Stephanie Cutter - Steven Lukes - Strategic Urban Planning
Index_of_politics_articles
2002 book by Francis Fukuyama
modification of human germline cells. Fukuyama argues that the moral status of human embryos is higher than that of human cells or human tissues because they
Our_Posthuman_Future
Mammalian protein found in humans
glycoprotein that stimulates the bone marrow to produce granulocytes and stem cells and release them into the bloodstream. Functionally, it is a cytokine
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
Granulocyte_colony-stimulating_factor
American law bill rider
Advisory Board, federally funded research was not possible. Stem cell controversy Stem cell laws "P.L. 104-99". Thomas H.R.2880. The Library of Congress
Dickey–Wicker_Amendment
American biochemist
Climate Change (2008), Hot Topic: Stem Cell Controversy—Are Human Skin Cells Really the Breakthrough? (2007), and U.S. Stem Cell Policy – Unintended Consequences
Kirstin_Matthews
Challenges for traditional communities
involves stem cells from human embryos, adult stem cells that have been made pluripotent, parthenotes, sperm cells, or egg cells, and cells that produce
Religious response to assisted reproductive technology
Religious_response_to_assisted_reproductive_technology
Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom
human embryos. This only concerns human embryos which have reached the two cell zygote stage, at which they are considered "fertilised" in the act. It also
Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990
Human_Fertilisation_and_Embryology_Act_1990
Process of producing individual organisms with identical genomes
cloning. The use of embryonic stem cells, which can be produced through SCNT, in some stem cell research has attracted controversy. Cloning has been proposed
Cloning
Immune cell found in connective tissue
hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) were the basis for such development. In the classical sequence of hematopoiesis, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) were described
Mast_cell
process in which hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) differentiate into mature blood cell types. MEPs and other progenitor cells are characterized based on their
Megakaryocyte–erythroid progenitor cell
Megakaryocyte–erythroid_progenitor_cell
American Professor of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology
Illinois) is a Professor of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology at Harvard University, known for his work in stem cell research (also known as "therapeutic
Kevin_Eggan
Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom
Fukuyama Our Posthuman Future (2002) Cloning prohibition Leon Kass Stem cell controversy "Designer baby" "Frankenstein's monster" He Jiankui affair Hwang
Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008
Human_Fertilisation_and_Embryology_Act_2008
Process which produces lymphocytes
progenitor (CLP) cells, which are in turn derived from hematopoietic stem cells. Given that lymphocytes arise from specific types of limited stem cells – which
Lymphopoiesis
Canadian philosopher (born 1953)
Fukuyama Our Posthuman Future (2002) Cloning prohibition Leon Kass Stem cell controversy "Designer baby" "Frankenstein's monster" He Jiankui affair Hwang
Nikolas_Kompridis
Type of cell found in pancreatic islets
that manipulating cell-signal pathways in early stem cell development will lead to those stem cells differentiating into viable beta cells. Two key signal
Beta_cell
Form of stem cell in the lining of the inner membrane of the placenta
amniotic epithelial cell is a form of stem cell extracted from the lining of the inner membrane of the placenta. Amniotic epithelial cells start to develop
Amniotic_epithelial_cell
STEM CELL-CONTROVERSY
STEM CELL-CONTROVERSY
Boy/Male
Hindu
Lotus stem
Boy/Male
Tamil
Lotus stem
Boy/Male
American, British, English
Stem
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Belle, BELL means "beautiful."Â
Male
Hebrew
(ש×Öµ×) Hebrew name SHEM means "conspicuous position, name, renown, sigma." In the bible, this is the name of a son of Noah.
Female
English
Pet form of English Eleanor, NELL means "foreign; the other."
Boy/Male
American, Anglo, British, English
Stem
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived near a spring or stream, Middle English well(e) (Old English well(a)).German : from a short form of the personal names Wallo, Walilo.German : nickname from Middle High German wël ‘round’.
Surname or Lastname
English (chiefly northern)
English (chiefly northern) : topographic name for someone who lived by an area of high ground or by a prominent crag, from northern Middle English fell ‘high ground’, ‘rock’, ‘crag’ (Old Norse fjall, fell).English, German, and Jewish (Ashkenazic) : metonymic occupational name for a furrier, from Middle English fell, Middle High German vel, or German Fell or Yiddish fel, all of which mean ‘skin’, ‘hide’, or ‘pelt’. Yiddish fel refers to untanned hide, in contrast to pelts ‘tanned hide’ (see Pilcher).
Boy/Male
Australian, Finnish, German, Slavic
Stem
Male
English
Short form of English unisex Kelly, KELL means "bright-headed."
Male
English
Short form of English Stewart, STEW means "steward."
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu
Lotus Stem
Boy/Male
English
Austere
Male
English
Short form of English Stephen, STE means "crown."
Boy/Male
Anglo Saxon
Stem.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived in a small valley, from Middle English, Old English dell ‘dell’, ‘valley’, or a habitational name from any of several minor places named Dell, from this word, for example in Buckinghamshire, Essex, and Sussex.German : from Low German delle ‘dell’, ‘depression’ (Middle High German telle ‘gorge’).
Male
Swedish
Swedish form of Old Norse Steinn, STEN means "stone."
Biblical
same as Shem
Male
English
Variant spelling of English unisex Steph, STEF means "crown."
STEM CELL-CONTROVERSY
STEM CELL-CONTROVERSY
Female
Welsh
Variant spelling of Welsh Enid, ENIT means "soul."
Girl/Female
Assamese, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Mythological, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu
Brought Up by Birds
Girl/Female
Arabic
Jasmine Flower
Girl/Female
Tamil
Nalas wife, Beautiful
Girl/Female
American, Anglo, British, English, French, Irish
Elfin
Girl/Female
Arabic
Faithful; Sense of Smell
Boy/Male
Tamil
Shashanth | ஷாஷாஂத
Name of Lord Vishnu
Boy/Male
Celebrity, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Mythological, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu, Traditional
Cow-herd; Lord Krishna; Lord Narayan
Boy/Male
Hindu
Lord Shiva & Lord Krishna
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Resonance; Vibration
STEM CELL-CONTROVERSY
STEM CELL-CONTROVERSY
STEM CELL-CONTROVERSY
STEM CELL-CONTROVERSY
STEM CELL-CONTROVERSY
n.
Anything resembling a stem or stalk; as, the stem of a tobacco pipe; the stem of a watch case, or that part to which the ring, by which it is suspended, is attached.
v. t.
To make bell-mouthed; as, to bell a tube.
n.
See Stee.
n.
A cell; a house.
a.
Wound by mechanism connected with the stem; as, a stem-winding watch.
v. i.
To generate steam; as, the boiler steams well.
n.
A stem-winding watch.
n.
Alt. of Steem
v. t.
To place or inclose in a cell.
v. i.
Alt. of Steem
a.
Containing a cell or cells.
v. i.
To emit steam or vapor.
v. t.
To expose to the action of steam; to apply steam to for softening, dressing, or preparing; as, to steam wood; to steamcloth; to steam food, etc.
n. & v.
See 1st and 2nd Stem.
v. t.
To remove the stem or stems from; as, to stem cherries; to remove the stem and its appendages (ribs and veins) from; as, to stem tobacco leaves.
pl.
of Cello
n.
A little branch which connects a fruit, flower, or leaf with a main branch; a peduncle, pedicel, or petiole; as, the stem of an apple or a cherry.
v. t.
To oppose or cut with, or as with, the stem of a vessel; to resist, or make progress against; to stop or check the flow of, as a current.
n.
Same as Cella.