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Form of pollination
Self-pollination is a form of pollination in which pollen arrives at the stigma of a flower (in flowering plants) or at the ovule (in gymnosperms) of
Self-pollination
Biological process occurring in plants
most flowering plants. Self-pollination occurs within a closed flower. Pollination often occurs within a species. When pollination occurs between species
Pollination
Flowering plant reproduction system
The pollination syndromes of monocots can be quite distinct; they include having flower parts in multiples of three, adaptations to pollination by water
Monocotyledon_reproduction
Fusion of gametes from the same individual
Meiosis followed by self-pollination results in little genetic variation, raising the question of how meiosis in self-pollinating plants is adaptively
Autogamy
Self-pollination of non-opening flowers
Cleistogamy is a type of automatic self-pollination of certain plants that can propagate by using non-opening, self-pollinating flowers. Especially well known
Cleistogamy
Animal that moves pollen from the male anther of a flower to the female stigma
carry out artificial pollination. A pollinator is different from a pollenizer, a plant that is a source of pollen for the pollination process. Plants fall
Pollinator
fruit trees, do not produce fruit from self-pollination, so pollinizer trees are planted in orchards. The pollination process requires a carrier for the pollen
Fruit_tree_pollination
Pollination by natural agents, or true-breeding in plant varieties
one of the many types of self pollination. When used in this sense, open pollination may contrast with controlled pollination, a procedure used to ensure
Open_pollination
Reproductive structure in flowering plants
male and female parts of flowers in pollination. Pollination can occur between different plants, as in cross-pollination, or between flowers on the same plant
Flower
Species of plant
and coloring. The bat flower has unique pollination method in that it is mostly autonomous self pollinating. T. chantrieri prefers environments similar
Tacca_chantrieri
Model plant species in the family Brassicaceae
disequilibrium suggested that self-pollination evolved roughly a million years ago or more. Meioses that lead to self-pollination are unlikely to produce significant
Arabidopsis_thaliana
Type of pollination among plants
about self-pollination. Male sterility: The pollen grains of some plants are not functional. Such plants set seeds only after cross-pollination. Dioecism:
Xenogamy
Species of flowering plant in the arum family Araceae
Cibodas, and Purwodadi. Self-pollination was once considered impossible but, in 1992, botanists in Bonn successfully hand-pollinated their plant with its
Amorphophallus_titanum
Flower traits that attract pollinators
understanding of plant-pollinator interactions, sometimes the pollinator of a plant species cannot be accurately predicted from the pollination syndrome alone
Pollination_syndrome
Mode of natural selection in plants
reproduction is greatly diminished but comes at a cost. The implementation of self-pollination significantly reduces genetic variation in a population, and an established
Sexual selection in Arabidopsis thaliana
Sexual_selection_in_Arabidopsis_thaliana
Flowering genus, rose family Rosaceae
called self-sterile, so self-pollination is impossible, making pollinating insects essential. A number of cultivars are self-pollinating, such as "Granny Smith"
Malus
Organism that produces both male and female gametes
heterostyly. Self-incompatibility occurs as a variety of mechanisms that many plants use in order to lower the prevalence self pollination or self fertilization
Hermaphrodite
Pollination control device
various different materials for the purpose of controlling pollination for plants. Pollination bags are designed to fit well over the inflorescence or individual
Pollination_bag
Type of fertilization
and birds. Wind pollination is referred to as anemophily, and water pollination is referred to as hydrophilly. Insect pollination is referred to as
Allogamy
Technique used by bees to release pollen
primarily pollinated using buzz pollination. Plants that rely on buzz pollination have a unique anther shape compared to other flora. In buzz pollinated plants
Buzz_pollination
Genus of flowering plants
two different pollination syndromes can be driven by a third pollinator that does not show favoritism towards a particular pollination syndrome. In the
Aquilegia
Biological reproductive mechanism component
S-haplotype-specific F-box protein (SFB) upon self-pollination), while SI in the other species with S-RNase functions through non-self recognition (the S-RNases are selectively
Self-incompatibility
Reproduction by closely related organisms
heterosis. Inbreeding in plants also occurs naturally in the form of self-pollination. Inbreeding can significantly influence gene expression which can prevent
Inbreeding
Species of plant in the palm family
subcontinent. The Pacific group is clearly domesticated, with dwarf habit, self-pollination, and niu vai fruits with large endosperm-to-husk ratios. The distribution
Coconut
Species of flowering plant
cross-pollination between two or more plants, but self-pollination is also possible. More than half of the seeds produced by self-pollination will germinate
Heracleum_mantegazzianum
Species of plant
self-pollination occurs. This limits the ability to improve tomatillo production regarding the seed quality and the production of varieties. The self-compatibility
Tomatillo
Edible berries native to Northeast Asia
varieties can self-pollinate, but even they produce a greater and more reliable yield when pollinated by male kiwifruit. Cross-species pollination is often
Kiwifruit
Highly potent cannabis
Feminized seeds are the outcome of a process entailing hormonally induced self-pollination of female cannabis plants, typically by silver ions. Regular use of
Sinsemilla
Species of flowering plant
22488/okstate.17.100121. Howard, Aaron F; Barrows, Edward M (2014). "Self-pollination rate and floral-display size in Asclepias syriaca (Common Milkweed)
Asclepias_asperula
salt in its tissues. hand-pollination The controlled act of pollination that excludes the possibility of open-pollination. haploid Having one set of
Glossary_of_botanical_terms
Genus of carnivorous plants
in the winter. Sarracenia do not self-pollinate and therefore require hand pollination or access to natural pollinators such as bees. Sarracenia pollen
Sarracenia
Species of flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae
tropical and subtropical flowering plants. Vitex is a cross-pollinating plant, but its self-pollination has been recorded. Theophrastus mentioned the shrub several
Vitex_agnus-castus
Species of fruit and plant
protogynous, hermaphroditic flowers, and self-pollination is rare. Therefore, artificial, hand pollination almost always guarantees superior quality
Atemoya
Biological process
substituted for autogamous pollination (not necessarily leading to successful fertilization) and describes self-pollination within the same flower, distinguished
Reproduction
Species of plant endemic to New Zealand
Johann Reinhold Forster. Pollination is likely achieved by insects, but the tree is potentially capable of self-pollination. The tree often has holes
Carpodetus_serratus
Flowers with exposed reproductive parts
open up, enabling cross-pollination. This is in contrast to cleistogamy, in which the flowers stay closed and self-pollinate. Chasmogamous flowers are
Chasmogamy
Growth of an organism from a seed or spore
high risk of self-pollination and thus inbreeding. Some plants use the control of pollen germination as a way to prevent this self-pollination. Germination
Germination
Sexual system in seed plants
anemophily, because it prevents self-pollination of individual flowers and reduces the probability of self-pollination between male and female flowers
Monoecy
Edible fruit-bearing species of plant
flowers of A. cherimola are hermaphroditic and have a mechanism to avoid self-pollination. The short-lived flowers open as female, then progress to a later,
Cherimoya
Species of plant
gynoecium, though protogynous development reduces self-pollination; in the wild they are pollinated mainly by nitidulid beetles. The fruit of Monstera
Monstera_deliciosa
though pollination may be required for the purpose of seed production or breeding. Fruit tree pollination Pollination management Pollinator Pollen source
List of crop plants pollinated by bees
List_of_crop_plants_pollinated_by_bees
Union of opposite-sex gametes in sexual reproduction to form a zygote
individual organism or offspring. While processes such as insemination or pollination, which happen before the fusion of gametes, are also sometimes informally
Fertilisation
Form of pollination by insects
Entomophily or insect pollination is a form of pollination whereby pollen of plants, especially but not only of flowering plants, is distributed by insects
Entomophily
Species of flowering plant
shown high pollination rates by bumblebees and very low success of self-pollination in controlled experiments, implying that they are in fact self-incompatible
Trillium_grandiflorum
Genus of South African flowering plants
species exhibit both self-pollination and cross-pollination as a method of reproduction. Cross-pollination is preferred, though, as a method of reproduction
Protea
Olive cultivar
sub-clones, the use of various forms of grafting, free, cross- and self-pollination of trees creating hybrids, research is continually ongoing to find
Manzanilla_olive
Leafy vegetable
compact heads like the cabbage. Fruits can develop out of cross-pollination or self-pollination, and are silique structured, that open at maturity through
Choy_sum
Species of maple tree
over the course of several weeks, so that cross-pollination is encouraged, although self-pollination may not be completely prevented. The sycamore may
Acer_pseudoplatanus
Species of tree native to North America
construction of the flower separates the male and female parts so that self-pollination will not typically occur. The seedlings grow rapidly but they have a
Robinia_pseudoacacia
Species of flowering plant in the laurel family
commercial varieties have a hybrid origin. Avocado trees are partly self-pollinating, and are often propagated through grafting to maintain consistent fruit
Avocado
only one parent is used and the seed are produced generally through self-pollination. Hybrid varieties take advantage of a phenomenon called heterosis or
List_of_Capsicum_cultivars
Genus of plants
prevent unwanted self-pollination of the mother plant, carefully remove its anthers beforehand. To help prevent unwanted cross-pollination, cover the newly
Streptocarpus
phenotypic indications that they were domesticated; including dwarf habit, self-pollination, and the round niu vai fruit morphology with larger endosperm-to-husk
Origin and dispersal of the coconut
Origin_and_dispersal_of_the_coconut
Spice extracted from Vanilla orchids
in the Indian Ocean, discovered that the plant could be hand-pollinated. Hand-pollination allowed global cultivation of the plant. The noted French botanist
Vanilla
Species of aquatic plant
flower types of C. stagnalis promotes aerial self-pollination. Another structural feature that may aid pollination are the two distinct bracts located at the
Callitriche_stagnalis
Species of flowering plant
ruby-throated hummingbird (Archilochus colubris) is the primary pollinator. After pollination, Canadian columbines produce an upright cluster of five pod-shaped
Aquilegia_canadensis
Species of flowering plant
it is not harmed by severe winter cold. Euryale ferox is capable of self-pollination. Pollen is released before the flower opens. The majority of Euryale
Euryale_ferox
Species of flowering plant
Pollen dispersal in Yucca filamentosa (Agavaceae): the paradox of self-pollination behavior by Tegeticula yuccasella (Prodoxidae). American Journal of
Yucca_filamentosa
Species of flowering plant in the family Geraniaceae
already spread when the flower opens, which facilitates self-pollination, although cross-pollination also occurs. The fruit is a schizocarp, which splits
Geranium_robertianum
Species of flowering plant
of the same flower, inducing self-pollination. Although outcrossing plants seem to perform better than self-pollinating plants, this form of reproductive
Hibiscus_trionum
Genus of flowering plants
by several techniques. Pollination The species are capable of self-pollination, but most cultivars require an outside pollinator. All cannas produce nectar
Canna_(plant)
Species of legume
it protects against as self-pollination and increases the changes of cross- pollination. However, even though a cross-pollination system is present, the
Clianthus_puniceus
Chinese agronomist (1930–2021)
However, maize and sorghum reproduce mainly through cross-pollination, while rice is a self-pollinating plant, which would make any crossbreeding attempts difficult
Yuan_Longping
Cross between two organisms with different variations at one genetic locus of interest
two thirds of the round seeds in the F2 were heterozygous and their self-pollination produced both phenotypes in the ratio of a typical F1 cross. Phenotype
Monohybrid_cross
Species of flowering plant
ruby-throated hummingbird. Most of the pollinations of Ipomoea hederacea are achieved by self-pollination, with a selfing rate of 93% observed in one population
Ipomoea_hederacea
Genus of flowering plants
cross-pollinating and self-pollinating florets in the terminal panicle. The self-pollinating florets have 1–3 small anthers; the cross-pollinating florets
Nassella
Species of flowering plant in the orchid family
receiving pollen. Self-pollination can occur but typically requires that the pollinator re-enters the same flower. In this process they pollinate the flower
Cypripedium_acaule
Fruit tree, the medlar
late (May or June). The flowers are hermaphrodite and pollinated by bees. Normally, self-pollination occurs in this plant. The flower then develops flattened
Mespilus_germanica
Species of flowering plant
short generation time of around 4 months), its ease of both self-pollination and cross-pollination, and A. majus's variation in morphology and flowering color
Antirrhinum_majus
Family of mostly succulent plants, adapted to dry environments
escapes. Cactus flowers are pollinated by insects, birds and bats. None are known to be wind-pollinated and self-pollination occurs in only a very few species;
Cactus
Plant species native to South America
maca's only means of reproduction. Maca reproduces mainly through self-pollination: it is an autogamous species. The genome consists of 64 chromosomes
Lepidium_meyenii
Species of flowering plant
; Geber, Monica A. (2005). "Ecological Context Of The Evolution Of Self-Pollination In Clarkia Xantiana: Population Size, Plant Communities, And Reproductive
Clarkia_unguiculata
Species of flowering plant
makes fire pink a highly outcrossing species, and reduces chances for self-pollination. Fire pink grows in central and eastern North America, ranging as far
Silene_virginica
Species of plant
position by the third night. Much of the seed production comes from self-pollination. The flowers are visited by various insects including Noctuidae, Sphingidae
Saponaria_officinalis
Species of flowering plant
shell germinate only after two years. The pollination is carried out by self-pollination, wind pollination, or insects. Atriplex hortensis has a salty
Atriplex_hortensis
Genus of flowering plants in the family Crassulaceae
themselves and spread away from the carpels at the center of the flower, so self-pollination is rather difficult. The colour of the flowers is reddish, yellowish
Sempervivum
Grains containing the male gametophytes of seed plants
of a single flower to the stigma of another in cross-pollination. In a case of self-pollination, this process takes place from the anther of a flower
Pollen
Species of flowering plant
variety of pollinators including bees and butterflies. The plant is capable of self-pollination but also benefits from insect pollination. Larvae of certain
Turnera_ulmifolia
Species of flowering plant
Hibiscus species that are self-pollinated. However, inbreeding depression can occur in populations where self-pollination is frequent. The fruit is commonly
Hibiscus_hamabo
Species of plant with edible seeds
and the structure of the flowers protect them from cross-pollination, and cross pollination was easy. Mendel cross-bred tall and dwarf pea plants, green
Pea
Redundant pollination mechanisms in plants
mechanisms to assure full seed set through selfing when outcross pollen is limiting. It is assumed that self-pollination is beneficial, in spite of potential
Reproductive_assurance
Reduction in abundance of insect and other animal pollinators
International Symposium on Pollination; Pollination: Integrator of Crops and Native Plant Systems The Economic Impacts of Pollinator Declines: An Approach
Pollinator_decline
Cells of a multicellular organism that pass on genetic material to progeny
and in some species of reptiles, birds, and fish. Autogamy refers to self-pollination in plants, while cloning is a technique used to create genetically
Germline
Genus of flowering plants
female phase starts and the stigma becomes receptive, which reduces self-pollination. The scientific name Impatiens (Latin for "impatient") and the common
Impatiens
Pollination by birds
Ornithophily or bird pollination is the pollination of flowering plants by birds. This sometimes (but not always) coevolutionary association is derived
Ornithophily
Species of citrus plant
lesser extent, papedas and kumquat. The citron is usually fertilized by self-pollination, which results in them displaying a high degree of genetic homozygosity
Citron
Species of shrubs
before their stigmas are receptive. While this strategy may allow for self pollination and possibly inbreeding depression, it mainly selects for allogamy
Salvia_elegans
Species of nut
problem of providing enough pollinating insects. Additional pollinating insects are therefore brought to the trees. The pollination of California's almonds
Almond
Species of flowering plant in the orchid family
practice self-pollination. The flowers are almost exclusively self-pollinating in the northern ranges of the plant's distribution, however pollination by the
Ophrys_apifera
Edible berry
trait. This is not the same as self-pollination, despite the common claim that tomatoes do so. That tomatoes pollinate themselves poorly without outside
Tomato
Citrus fruit and plant
Caledonia and Kaghzi limes appear to have resulted from an F2 Key lime self-pollination, while a spontaneous genomic duplication gave us the tetraploid Giant
Key_lime
Variety of grape
Heinz Scheu has claimed in a book that Siegerrebe was the result of self-pollination of Madeleine Angevine. Siegerrebe received varietal protection and
Siegerrebe
Genus of flowering plants in the passion flower family
some others are additionally capable of self-pollination. Passiflora often exhibit high levels of pollinator specificity, which has led to frequent coevolution
Passiflora
Practice of growing and cultivating plants
from self-pollination will, however, have less genetic diversity which may result in inbreeding depression versus plants from cross-pollination. Pollen
Gardening
Species of tree
not touch the anthers or stigma. Self-pollination does not occur in this species because of a late-acting form of self-incompatibility. The bottle-shaped
Ceiba_chodatii
Species of flowering plant
Biodiversity Action Plan habitat. The flowers rarely bloom; mostly self-pollination takes place. Vegetative propagation occurs through foothills. In wild
Hydrocotyle_vulgaris
Species of flowering plant
greenhouses. The plants reproduce primarily or exclusively through self-pollination. Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families "Tinantia pringlei"
Tinantia_pringlei
Species of plant in the myrtle family
feijoa are self-fertile. Most are not and require a pollinator. Seedlings may or may not be of usable quality, and may or may not be self-fertile. Feijoas
Feijoa
Fertilized inflorescence of the grapevine
American) varieties have imperfect flowers with varying intersex degrees. Self-pollination is typical. Fruit set usually involves seed development, although multiple
Grape_cluster
Flowering plant cultivar
cultivars are effectively sterile and do not generally set seed either by self-pollination or by attempted hybridization. The variety listed as Hosta undulata
Hosta_'Undulata'
SELF POLLINATION
SELF POLLINATION
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Middle English selle, a rough hut of the type normally occupied by animals, hence a topographic name for someone who lived in a hut like this. In many cases the name may have been in effect a metonymic occupational name for a herdsman.Americanized spelling of Hungarian and Hungarian Jewish Széll, a topographic name for someone who lived in a spot exposed to the wind, from Hungarian szél ‘wind’.German : variant of Selle.
Girl/Female
Egyptian
Girl/Female
Hebrew Biblical
Rock.
Boy/Male
Hindi
Self.
Male
Yiddish
(סֶעף) Variant spelling of Yiddish Zeff, SEFF means "wolf."
Boy/Male
Biblical
A rock.
Girl/Female
British, English
Soft
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Sword
Biblical
a rock
Male
Welsh
Welsh form of Greek SolomÅn, SELYF means "peaceable."Â
Female
Egyptian
, a form of Isis.
Boy/Male
African, Arabic, Hindu, Indian, Muslim, Sindhi, Swahili
Sword; Brave; Sword of Religion
Boy/Male
British, English, Nigerian, Norwegian
Rock
Girl/Female
African, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian, English, French, Greek, Hawaiian, Hebrew
Saviour; Ewe of West Africa; Goddess of the Moon; Cliff; Rock
Surname or Lastname
English (East Anglia)
English (East Anglia) : from the Middle English personal name Saulf, Old English Sǣwulf, composed of the elements sǣ ‘sea’ + wulf ‘wolf’.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Sword
Boy/Male
Welsh
peace'.
Boy/Male
Indian
Sword
Boy/Male
British, English, Hebrew
A Tree
Male
English
(סֶלַע) Anglicized form of Hebrew Cela, SELA means "a rock." In the Old Testament bible, this is the name of the capital city of Edom, possibly an early name for Petra. In use as a unisex name.
SELF POLLINATION
SELF POLLINATION
Girl/Female
Christian & English(British/American/Australian)
Wealthy
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Kara, KARAUGH means either "beloved" or "friend."
Boy/Male
Hawaiian
Protector.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Living, Existing, Winner
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
Light sunshine
Boy/Male
Indian
Firm, Resolute, Energetic
Boy/Male
Indian
Lord Shiva
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
A Name of Lord Vishnu
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
With a Divine Body
Boy/Male
Muslim
Eloquent, Fluent, Well-spoken
SELF POLLINATION
SELF POLLINATION
SELF POLLINATION
SELF POLLINATION
SELF POLLINATION
n.
Self-love.
a.
Dependent on one's self; self-depending; self-reliant.
n.
The destruction of one's self; self-murder; suicide.
n.
Self.
n.
Self-deceit.
n.
Self-communion.
n.
The idolizing of one's self; immoderate self-conceit.
n.
Control of one's self; restraint exercised over one's self; self-command.
n.
Communion with one's self; thoughts about one's self.
n.
Restraint over one's self; self-control; self-command.
a.
Self-repelling.
a.
Refusing to gratify one's self; self-sacrificing.
n.
Enjoyment of one's self; self-satisfaction.
n.
Self-denial; self-renunciation; self-sacrifice.
n.
The act of governing one's self, or the state of being governed by one's self; self-control; self-command.
n.
The act of estimating one's self; self-esteem.
a.
Disposed to self-assertion; self-asserting.
n.
Self-devotion.
n.
Imposture practiced on one's self; self-deceit.
n.
Faith in one's self; self-reliance.