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Projections used in climate change modeling
Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) are climate change scenarios to project future greenhouse gas concentrations. These pathways (or trajectories)
Representative Concentration Pathway
Representative_Concentration_Pathway
Hypothetical representation of potential future conditions
pathways Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs) Transformation pathways Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP)
Climate_change_scenario
Climate change scenarios
European shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) for agricultural and food systems, combined with representative concentration pathways (RCP) to regionally specific
Shared_Socioeconomic_Pathways
Human-caused changes to climate on Earth
longer periods) to a particular emissions scenario or greenhouse gas concentration pathway." IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary 2014, p. 120. Carbon Brief, 15 January 2018
Climate_change
Carbon-oxygen gas
found in a gas state at room temperature and at normally-encountered concentrations it is odorless. As the source of carbon in the carbon cycle, atmospheric
Carbon_dioxide
Atmospheric heat retention
enhanced greenhouse effect describes the fact that by increasing the concentration of GHGs in the atmosphere (due to human action), the natural greenhouse
Greenhouse_effect
Greenhouse gases emitted from human activities
activity powered by fossil fuels began to significantly increase the concentration of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. Emissions have grown rapidly
Greenhouse_gas_emissions
Capital and largest city of Algeria
A 2019 paper published in PLOS One estimated that under Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5, a "moderate" scenario of climate change where global
Algiers
Sixth Assessment Report Paleoclimatology Representative Concentration Pathway Shared Socioeconomic Pathways Climate change portal Category Glossary Index
2026_in_climate_change
Climatic and oceanographic cycle affecting Southeast Asia, Australia and Africa
Sixth Assessment Report Paleoclimatology Representative Concentration Pathway Shared Socioeconomic Pathways Climate change portal Category Glossary Index
Indian_Ocean_Dipole
Proposed economic stimulus program
from Oregon Representatives Karen Bass, US Representative from California's 37th congressional district. Earl Blumenauer, US Representative from Oregon's
Green_New_Deal
System of surface and deep currents in the Atlantic Ocean
the intermediate Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5, and by 37% (15%–65%) under the very high Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5, in which greenhouse
Atlantic meridional overturning circulation
Atlantic_meridional_overturning_circulation
Climatic effect causing a planet's atmosphere to trap heat and prevent cooling
absorbs around 240 W m−2 of solar radiation. Increasing carbon dioxide concentration will make surface warmer with the same outgoing thermal flux. Following
Runaway_greenhouse_effect
Concept for social justice in climate change context
Connolly, James (2022). "Intersectional climate justice: A conceptual pathway for bridging adaptation planning, transformative action, and social equity"
Climate_justice
Climate change mitigation policy
Sixth Assessment Report Paleoclimatology Representative Concentration Pathway Shared Socioeconomic Pathways Climate change portal Category Glossary Index
REDD+
Simplified, minimalistic lifestyle
Sixth Assessment Report Paleoclimatology Representative Concentration Pathway Shared Socioeconomic Pathways Climate change portal Category Glossary Index
Simple_living
Capital and most populous city of Libya
A 2019 paper published in PLOS One estimated that under Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5, a "moderate" scenario of climate change where global
Tripoli,_Libya
Largest city of Western Sahara
A 2019 paper published in PLOS One estimated that under Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5, a "moderate" scenario of climate change where global
Laayoune
Science and craft of managing woodlands
Sixth Assessment Report Paleoclimatology Representative Concentration Pathway Shared Socioeconomic Pathways Climate change portal Category Glossary Index
Forestry
City in South Africa
A 2019 paper published in PLOS One estimated that under Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5, a "moderate" scenario of climate change where global
Durban
longer periods) to a particular emissions scenario or greenhouse gas concentration pathway." Williams, Richard G; Ceppi, Paulo; Katavouta, Anna (2020). "Controls
Causes_of_climate_change
Fuel derived from biological sources
Sixth Assessment Report Paleoclimatology Representative Concentration Pathway Shared Socioeconomic Pathways Climate change portal Category Glossary Index
Biofuel
Municipality in Madeira, Portugal
A 2019 paper published in PLOS One estimated that under Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5, a "moderate" scenario of climate change where global
Funchal
Sixth Assessment Report Paleoclimatology Representative Concentration Pathway Shared Socioeconomic Pathways Climate change portal Category Glossary Index
List of locations and entities by greenhouse gas emissions
List_of_locations_and_entities_by_greenhouse_gas_emissions
Climate effect
earliest likely time of divergence is in 2060, under the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 which implies continually accelerating greenhouse gas
Polar_amplification
Atmospheric phenomenon
maximum Antarctic ozone concentration: actual ozone hole values are in the 150–100 DU range. While Arctic ozone concentrations vary on a smooth annual
Ozone_depletion
American physicist
Sixth Assessment Report Paleoclimatology Representative Concentration Pathway Shared Socioeconomic Pathways Climate change portal Category Glossary Index
Richard_A._Muller
Collaboration for climate change study
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Representative Concentration Pathway Shared Socioeconomic Pathways Intercomparison makes for a better climate
Coupled Model Intercomparison Project
Coupled_Model_Intercomparison_Project
Capital and the largest city of Senegal
A 2019 paper published in PLOS One estimated that under Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5, a "moderate" scenario of climate change where global
Dakar
Fast-flowing atmospheric air current
earliest likely time of divergence is in 2060, under the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 which implies continually accelerating greenhouse gas
Jet_stream
Capital and largest city of Angola
A 2019 paper published in PLOS One estimated that under Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5, a "moderate" scenario of climate change where global
Luanda
2021 political proposal
Sixth Assessment Report Paleoclimatology Representative Concentration Pathway Shared Socioeconomic Pathways Climate change portal Category Glossary Index
Red Deal: Indigenous Action to Save Our Earth
Red_Deal:_Indigenous_Action_to_Save_Our_Earth
Largest city in Morocco
A 2019 paper published in PLOS One estimated that under Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5, a "moderate" scenario of climate change where global
Casablanca
Capital and the largest city of Mauritania
A 2019 paper published in PLOS One estimated that under Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5, a "moderate" scenario of climate change where global
Nouakchott
Municipality and town in Western Sahara
A 2019 paper published in PLOS One estimated that under Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5, a "moderate" scenario of climate change where global
Bir_Lehlou
species. Lesser concentrations can suppress productivity, growth rate and reproduction of many aquatic species. Acids, dilute concentrations of heavy metals
Health and environmental impact of the coal industry
Health_and_environmental_impact_of_the_coal_industry
Mountain range near the border of Afghanistan and Pakistan
(2066–2095) near the end of the century under the "intermediate" Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5 (RCP4.5). Under the high-warming RCP8.5 scenario where
Hindu_Kush
Family class 3 cloud type
settings". Additionally, CO2 concentrations would only reach 1,200 ppm if the world follows Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5, which represents the
Stratocumulus_cloud
Research initiative by the US government
each involving dozens of scientific and academic experts as well as representatives of industry and environmental groups. The Second National Climate Assessment
National_Climate_Assessment
Proposed cloud-seeding technique
modified droplet concentrations. Their results also underscore the importance of considering background droplet size and concentration—not just meteorological
Marine_cloud_brightening
Non-profit organization
Sixth Assessment Report Paleoclimatology Representative Concentration Pathway Shared Socioeconomic Pathways Climate change portal Category Glossary Index
The_Climate_Reality_Project
Decrease of pH levels in the ocean
skeletons. A change in pH by 0.1 represents a 26% increase in hydrogen ion concentration in the world's oceans (the pH scale is logarithmic, so a change of one
Ocean_acidification
Largest city in Tanzania and capital of Dar es Salaam Region
A 2019 paper published in PLOS One estimated that under Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5, a "moderate" scenario of climate change where global
Dar_es_Salaam
Stand of trees losing health and dying
diebacks before they occur. In one bioregion, when both depth and salinity concentrations increased, standing of forests increased. However, in another bioregion
Forest_dieback
Impact of human life on Earth and environment
increase in the number of vehicles, and more use of each vehicle. Some pathways to reduce the carbon emissions of road vehicles considerably have been
Human impact on the environment
Human_impact_on_the_environment
Data visualization graphics of long-term trends of annual temperature anomalies
to represent other time-varying quantities such as atmospheric CO2 concentration, carbon budget, and arctic sea ice volume. Hawkins credited a "Friday
Climate_spiral
effect of soil inorganic carbon (SIC) on future atmospheric carbon concentrations has been inadequately studied, and projected that soil acidification
2024_in_climate_change
List of debates over global warming
Sixth Assessment Report Paleoclimatology Representative Concentration Pathway Shared Socioeconomic Pathways Climate change portal Category Glossary Index
List of climate change controversies
List_of_climate_change_controversies
Set of different models of the climate system
Special Report on Emissions Scenarios and more recently in the Representative Concentration Pathway. A grand ensemble is an ensemble of ensembles. There has
Climate_ensemble
Field of study in meteorology and climate science
Sixth Assessment Report Paleoclimatology Representative Concentration Pathway Shared Socioeconomic Pathways Climate change portal Category Glossary Index
Extreme_event_attribution
City in Egypt
A 2019 paper published in PLOS One estimated that under Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5, a "moderate" scenario of climate change where global
Alexandria
Gradual reduction of the use and production of fossil fuels
oil barrel in Saudi Arabia. For any future Net-zero compatible demand pathways, oil phase-out can therefore be done by first phasing out high–carbon-intensity
Fossil_fuel_phase-out
Sub-cycle of the larger global carbon cycle
would have been safe from thawing under the "intermediate" Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5 for 70 more years had undergone abrupt thaw. Another
Permafrost_carbon_cycle
Capital and chief port of Mozambique
A 2019 paper published in PLOS One estimated that under Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5, a "moderate" scenario of climate change where global
Maputo
Vast body of ice in Greenland, Northern Hemisphere
a range of potential weakening between 3% and 34%) under Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5, which is most akin to the current trajectory, while
Greenland_ice_sheet
Largest city and district of Ivory Coast
A 2019 paper published in PLOS One estimates that under Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5, a "moderate" scenario of climate change where global
Abidjan
Climatological research institute
Sixth Assessment Report Paleoclimatology Representative Concentration Pathway Shared Socioeconomic Pathways Climate change portal Category Glossary Index
Berkeley_Earth
Sea ice loss in recent decades in the Arctic Ocean
the estimated warming by 2100 under each Representative Concentration Pathway and Shared Socioeconomic Pathway. They are also capable of resolving the
Arctic_sea_ice_decline
Grassroots climate change network
Sixth Assessment Report Paleoclimatology Representative Concentration Pathway Shared Socioeconomic Pathways Climate change portal Category Glossary Index
Rising_Tide_North_America
Most populous city in Nigeria
A 2019 paper published in PLOS One estimated that under Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5, a "moderate" scenario of climate change where global
Lagos
Diplomatic summit resulting in the Paris Agreement
of climate change, the text of which represented a consensus of the representatives of the 196 attending parties. The agreement was due to enter into force
2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference
2015_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference
NOAA's Mauna Loa Observatory measured an atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration of over 430 parts per million. 16 June: a study published in Nature
2025_in_climate_change
Data visualization graphics depicting trends of annual temperature changes
matter concentrations. The graphic has been used to visually juxtapose temperature trends with other data—such as atmospheric CO2 concentration, global
Warming_stripes
Environmental policy intended to stop using coal
coal phase-out of still developing countries. Meeting the IEA's 1.5°C pathway for coal would require closing around 70% of existing coal-fired capacity
Coal_phase-out
Capital and largest city of Togo
A 2019 paper published in PLOS One estimated that under Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5, a "moderate" scenario of climate change where global
Lomé
Feedback between climate change and the effect of clouds on radiation
settings". Additionally, CO2 concentrations would only reach 1,200 ppm if the world follows Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5, which represents the
Cloud_feedback
International environmental NGO
exceeded this threshold, reaching 383 ppm CO2; as of July 2022, the concentration had reached 421 ppm CO2, a level 50% higher than pre-industrial levels
350.org
Capital of The Gambia
A 2019 paper published in PLOS One estimated that under Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5, a "moderate" scenario of climate change where global
Banjul
Effect of emissions from aircraft engines
greater concentrations of O 3 than surface NO x emissions and these in turn have a greater global warming effect. The effect of O 3 surface concentrations are
Environmental impact of aviation
Environmental_impact_of_aviation
City in Marrakesh–Safi, Morocco
A 2019 paper published in PLOS One estimated that under Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5, a "moderate" scenario of climate change where global
Marrakesh
Greenhouse gas inventory sector
Land-use change can be a factor in CO2 (carbon dioxide) atmospheric concentration, and is thus a contributor to global climate change. IPCC estimates
Land use, land-use change, and forestry
Land_use,_land-use_change,_and_forestry
Topics referred to by the same term
International Reactor Innovative and Secure nuclear reactors Representative Concentration Pathways, scenarios of greenhouse gas trajectories Right circular
RCP
American physicist (born 1941)
smoke and sulfur dioxide. They report that atmospheric black carbon concentrations have been decreasing since the beginning of the record in the 1960s
James_Hansen
Market-based approach used to control pollution
of premature mortality annually due to reductions of ambient PM2.5 concentrations, and between 430 and 2,000 incidences annually due to reductions of
Emissions_trading
Type of fuel which have no net greenhouse gas emissions
more energy than other methods because carbon dioxide is at much lower concentrations in the atmosphere than in other sources. Researchers have also suggested
Carbon-neutral_fuel
International environmental treaty
ratification committed signatories' governments to reduce atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases with the goal of "preventing dangerous anthropogenic
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
United_Nations_Framework_Convention_on_Climate_Change
Academic field of study
Sixth Assessment Report Paleoclimatology Representative Concentration Pathway Shared Socioeconomic Pathways Climate change portal Category Glossary Index
Historical_climatology
Critical thresholds in climate science
settings". Additionally, CO2 concentrations would only reach 1,200 ppm if the world follows Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5, which represents the
Tipping points in the climate system
Tipping_points_in_the_climate_system
2009 controversy
United States House of Representatives on 2 December 2009, Republicans read out extracts from eight of the emails, and Representative Jim Sensenbrenner said:
Climatic Research Unit email controversy
Climatic_Research_Unit_email_controversy
United Nations programme supporting REDD+
ownership and coordination of National REDD+ Programmes and may include representatives of civil society and indigenous peoples. Programme documents describe
United_Nations_REDD_Programme
pathway can be disruption to economic and social activities. An example is when an area of farmland is less able to produce food. The third pathway can
Effects_of_climate_change
Sixth Assessment Report Paleoclimatology Representative Concentration Pathway Shared Socioeconomic Pathways Climate change portal Category Glossary Index
Climate_change_and_fisheries
International partnership to reduce methane emissions
global methane emissions, the second largest contributor to atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases, in order to enhance economic growth, promote energy
Global_Methane_Initiative
Emissions, effects, and responses of Germany related to climate change
Cartography and Geographic Information found that using Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios 4.5 and 8.5, between 5477 and 626,880 people
Climate_change_in_Germany
(PIF), in Poznań, Poland, between December 1 and December 12, 2008. Representatives from over 180 countries attended along with observers from intergovernmental
2008 United Nations Climate Change Conference
2008_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference
Sixth Assessment Report Paleoclimatology Representative Concentration Pathway Shared Socioeconomic Pathways Climate change portal Category Glossary Index
2019_in_climate_change
Type of solar radiation modification
will reduce injection mass flow rates and/or yield climatic benefits. Concentration of precursor injection in a single longitude appears to be beneficial
Stratospheric aerosol injection
Stratospheric_aerosol_injection
Diplomatic summit concerning greenhouse gas emissions effects; COP19
Sixth Assessment Report Paleoclimatology Representative Concentration Pathway Shared Socioeconomic Pathways Climate change portal Category Glossary Index
2013 United Nations Climate Change Conference
2013_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference
Diplomatic summit concerning greenhouse gas emissions effects
Sixth Assessment Report Paleoclimatology Representative Concentration Pathway Shared Socioeconomic Pathways Climate change portal Category Glossary Index
2014 United Nations Climate Change Conference
2014_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference
2000 report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
imply, or they could change more. SRES was superseded by Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) in the IPCC fifth assessment report in 2014. There
Special Report on Emissions Scenarios
Special_Report_on_Emissions_Scenarios
2011 book by Haydn Washington and John Cook
Sixth Assessment Report Paleoclimatology Representative Concentration Pathway Shared Socioeconomic Pathways Climate change portal Category Glossary Index
Climate_Change_Denial
Intergovernmental report on climate change in 2014
analysed by the panel. Projections in AR5 are based on "Representative Concentration Pathways" (RCPs). The RCPs are consistent with a wide range of possible
IPCC_Fifth_Assessment_Report
(each 10%), and Russia (0.2%). The September 2020 monthly average CO2 concentration at Mauna Loa station was 411.29 ppm (up from 408.54 ppm in September
2020_in_climate_change
2015 American short film directed by Carly Usdin
question for the viewer: "Does your parent, grandparent or political representative suffer from Climate Change Denial Disorder? CCDD is a rapidly spreading
Climate Change Denial Disorder
Climate_Change_Denial_Disorder
with the idea of large irreversible temperature rises. RCP Representative Concentration Pathway REDD Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation
Glossary_of_climate_change
Non-fiction book published in 2023
of climate scenarios, with particular attention to IPCC's Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5. 'Why is Climatism So Alluring', Master-Narratives and
Climate Change Isn't Everything: Liberating Climate Politics from Alarmism
Climate_Change_Isn't_Everything:_Liberating_Climate_Politics_from_Alarmism
Sixth Assessment Report Paleoclimatology Representative Concentration Pathway Shared Socioeconomic Pathways Climate change portal Category Glossary Index
Media coverage of climate change
Media_coverage_of_climate_change
Release of methane in the Arctic
would have been safe from thawing under the "intermediate" Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5 for 70 more years had undergone abrupt thaw. Another
Arctic_methane_emissions
International climate change conference in 2009
by Papua New Guinean chief negotiator Kevin Conrad. Tuvalu and its representative Ian Fry "were the toast of the thousands of environmentalists at the
Copenhagen_climate_summit
Climatic period during the Eocene epoch
result from humanity's burning of fossil fuels. Based on the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 (RCP8.5) emission scenario, by 2150 CE, the climates
Early_Eocene_Climatic_Optimum
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