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Building design approach
Passive cooling is a building design approach that focuses on heat gain control and heat dissipation in a building in order to improve the indoor thermal
Passive_cooling
Management strategy for global warming
Passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC)—also called passive radiative cooling, daytime passive radiative cooling, radiative sky cooling, photonic radiative
Passive daytime radiative cooling
Passive_daytime_radiative_cooling
Loss of heat by thermal radiation
star. Passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC)—also called passive radiative cooling, daytime passive radiative cooling, radiative sky cooling, photonic
Radiative_cooling
Device that cools air through the evaporation of water
evaporative cooling can still take advantage of the evaporative cooling process without increasing humidity. Passive evaporative cooling strategies can
Evaporative_cooler
Process of removing waste heat from a computer
by actively exhausting hot air. There are also other cooling techniques, such as liquid cooling. All modern day processors are designed to cut out or
Computer_cooling
Cooling methods that expend energy to cool a system or component
transfer and circulation from within. Unlike its counterpart passive cooling, active cooling is entirely dependent on energy consumption in order to operate
Active_cooling
Cooling of air in an enclosed space
mechanical air conditioner or through other methods, such as passive cooling and ventilative cooling. Air conditioning is a member of a family of systems and
Air_conditioning
High-performance energy-efficiency building standard
climates, cooling) demand ≤ 15 kWh/m2/a (0.0047 MJ/sq ft/sq ft) or peak heat load ≤ 10 W/m2 (0.0012 hp/sq ft), as calculated with the Passive House Planning
Passive_house
Zimbabwean shopping and office complex
and 14 °C. Eastgate incorporates passive cooling system, which conditions the interior air temperature by harvesting cool night air and dispensing it around
Eastgate_Centre,_Harare
Concept in physics
like ground coupling, earth sheltering, and evaporative cooling to enhance the passive cooling profile of a building. By carefully designing the building's
Stack_effect
Underground heat exchanger loop that can capture or dissipate heat to or from the ground
rising) to create a vacuum to draw filtered passive cooling tube air through the largest diameter cooling tubes. Natural convection may be slower than
Ground-coupled_heat_exchanger
Cooling spaces with airflow
maintaining high quality indoor conditions; passive ventilative cooling may eliminate energy consumption. Ventilative cooling strategies are applied in a wide range
Ventilative_cooling
Accessory for laptop computers
or passive cooling methods and rests beneath the laptop. Active coolers move air or liquid to direct heat away from the laptop quickly, while passive methods
Laptop_cooler
Component to protect against excessive heat
absorption and ablative systems became preferable. In modern vehicles, passive cooling can be found as reinforced carbon–carbon material instead of metal
Heat_shield
Architectural element for creating a draft
traditional architectural element used to create cross ventilation and passive cooling in buildings. Windcatchers come in various designs, depending on whether
Windcatcher
Ventilation using solar energy
benefits regarding passive cooling may include: improved passive cooling during warm season (mostly on still, hot days) improved night cooling rates enhanced
Solar_chimney
Delivery of chilled water to building needing cooling
District cooling is the cooling equivalent of district heating. Working on principles broadly similar to district heating, district cooling delivers chilled
District_cooling
Architectural engineering that uses the Sun's heat without electric or mechanical systems
equator-side of a building. Passive cooling is the use of similar design principles to reduce summer cooling requirements. Some passive systems use a small amount
Passive_solar_building_design
Taiwanese electronics firm
SP94GT512D2L-HPP (GeForce 9400 GT Series with passive cooling - 512MB RAM) SP94GT512D2L-HP (GeForce 9400 GT Series with active cooling - 512MB RAM) SP94GT1024D2L-HPP
Sparkle_Computer
Device which rejects waste heat to the atmosphere through the cooling of a water stream
A cooling tower is a device that rejects waste heat to the atmosphere through the cooling of a coolant stream, usually a water stream, to a lower temperature
Cooling_tower
Cooling system that uses solar power
conditioning", refers to any air conditioning (cooling) system that uses solar power. This can be done through passive solar design, solar thermal energy conversion
Solar_air_conditioning
Transfer of heat out of an object
Radiative cooling in Heat shields Radiators in automobiles Pumpable ice technology Thermoelectric cooling Vortex tube, as used in industrial spot cooling Computer
Cooling
Ventilation without use of mechanical systems
Passive ventilation is the process of supplying air to and removing air from an indoor space without using mechanical systems. It refers to the flow of
Passive_ventilation
Treatment of air from kitchens
as possible to the cooking equipment. Remove excess hot air and introduce cool clean air, maintaining a comfortable environment. Inadequate ventilation
Kitchen_ventilation
method of cooling the heat is actively transferred to the environment. This is usually done by mounting a fan on the heat sink of a passively cooled detector
Thermopile_laser_sensor
Registered trade name for halocarbon products
List. Archived from the original on 2015-06-15. Retrieved 13 June 2015. "Cooling Refrigerants - Lennox International". Lennox International. Archived from
Freon
Technology of indoor and vehicular environmental comfort
larger district heating (DH) or district cooling (DC) network, or a combined DHC (District-Heating-Cooling) network. In such cases, the operating and
Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
Heating,_ventilation,_and_air_conditioning
Feature of a house to collect rain-water
throughout the house to cool the surrounding living spaces, a form of passive cooling. The combination of compluvium and impluvium formed an ingenious, effective
Impluvium
South African astrophysicist
was a South African astrophysicist known for his pioneering work on passive cooling techniques for space telescopes for which he won NASA's Exceptional
Tim_Hawarden
Category of HVAC technologies
hydronic cooling systems in Europe, embedding cool water pipes in structures to absorb and dissipate heat, meeting cooling loads. Radiant cooling became
Radiant_heating_and_cooling
Fan used to circulate air throughout a living space
structure. Before the development of electrical power the principle of cooling a building by designing it to draw in cooler air from below and vent it
Whole-house_fan
Substance used to reduce or regulate the temperature of a system
overflow of coolant in a cooling system. Air is a common form of a coolant. Air cooling uses either convective airflow (passive cooling) or a forced circulation
Coolant
Islamic architectural element
traditionally used to catch wind and for passive cooling. Jars and basins of water could be placed in it to cause evaporative cooling. It is most commonly used on
Mashrabiya
Nuclear power safety method that does not require electrical power nor intervention
Passive nuclear safety is a design approach for safety features, implemented in a nuclear reactor, that does not require any active intervention on the
Passive_nuclear_safety
Method of heat exchange in which convection drives pumpless circulation
A thermosiphon (or thermosyphon) is a device that employs a method of passive heat exchange based on natural convection, which circulates a fluid without
Thermosiphon
Movement of air through a building
sides of the room allow passive breezes a pathway through the structure, which circulate the air and provide passive cooling. There is also a pressure
Cross_ventilation
Process of moving heat from one location to another in controlled conditions
combining a passive daytime radiative cooling system with thermal insulation and evaporative cooling, one study found a 300% increase in ambient cooling power
Refrigeration
Form of climate engineering
insulation Cool pavement Green roof Insulative paint Metal roof Passive cooling Passive daytime radiative cooling Passive solar building design Passive solar
Reflective surfaces (climate engineering)
Reflective_surfaces_(climate_engineering)
Thin-sheet fountain for evaporatively cooling buildings or water
slanted chute. Evaporative cooling causes the water and the surrounding air to cool as some of the water evaporates. Passive ventilation may be used to
Salsabil_(fountain)
Material to reduce heat transfer in structures
Marwa. "Page 142 of Reducing cooling demands in a hot dry climate: A simulation study for non-insulated passive cool roof thermal performance in residential
Building_insulation
Passage of an object through the gases of an atmosphere from outer space
spacecraft are in use, among them ablative heat shields, passive cooling, and active cooling of spacecraft surfaces. In general they can be divided into
Atmospheric_entry
A Cyzicene hall is the architectural term derived from the Latin word cyzicenus given by Vitruvius to the large hall used by the Greeks that faced north
Cyzicene_hall
Architectural element
cooling have been used in desert climates for over 1000 years. Iranian architecture Dehkhoda Persian Dictionary Bahadori MN (February 1978). "Passive
Shabestan
Tank used in hot water systems
loss of coolant, by allowing it to be sucked back into the cooling system as the engine cools. Similar devices are used in large-scale pumping stations
Expansion_tank
Species of ant
This passive cooling effect works under the full sun. For this, they have inspired research in the field of passive daytime radiative cooling. Wehner
Saharan_silver_ant
Machine used to produce air flow
indirectly used for cooling in the case of industrial heat exchangers. While fans are effective at cooling people, they do not cool air. Instead, they
Fan_(machine)
Architectural decoration in Indian architecture
in while minimizing the sun and the rain, as well as providing cooling through passive ventilation. The holes are nearly the same width or smaller than
Jali
Type of heating device
out through the register. This allowed air circulation while maintaining a cool exterior on the appliance. These early developments, along with the technological
Convection_heater
Indian architectural element
of Winds" features 953 small jharokhas arranged in a honeycomb pattern to cool the interior and allow royal women to observe street festivals unobstructed
Jharokha
Using low external air temperatures to chill water
systems while achieving the same cooling result. Such systems can be made for single buildings or district cooling networks. For a human-powered version
Free_cooling
Architecture designed to minimize environmental impact
construction. Passive daytime radiative cooling harvests the extreme coldness of outer space as a renewable energy source to achieve daytime cooling. Being high
Sustainable_architecture
Interior fungal growth
Microgeneration Passive cooling Passive daytime radiative cooling Passive house Passive ventilation Radiant heating and cooling Radiant cooling Radiant heating
Indoor_mold
Heating of air in buildings or vehicles
greenhouse-based gas emissions. Heat pumps can be used for heating and cooling, transferring heat using refrigerant and electricity, making them more
Heating_system
Fabric building structure providing shade
Materials and Methods. Wiley. p. 742. Lechner, Norbert (2015). Heating, Cooling, Lighting: Sustainable Design Methods for Architects. Wiley. p. 364. "Construct
Awning
Engineering discipline
manufacturing plants, industrial equipment and machinery, heating and cooling systems, transport systems, motor vehicles, aircraft, watercraft, robotics
Mechanical_engineering
Computer cooling component manufacturer
Arctic GmbH, formerly known as Arctic Cooling, is a German, Swiss-founded manufacturer of computer cooling components, mainly CPU and graphics card coolers
Arctic_GmbH
Refrigerator that uses a heat source
refrigerant cooling it via evaporative cooling, and the resulting vapor is cooled via expansive cooling. This is a combination of Joule-Thomson cooling and work
Absorption_refrigerator
exacerbates the challenges that passive survivability tries to address. Climates that did not previously need cooling are now seeing warmer temperatures
Passive_survivability
Minimization of heat transfer
insulation has been found to improve the thermal emittance of passive radiative cooling surfaces by increasing the surface's ability to lower temperatures
Thermal_insulation
Heat-transfer device that employs phase transition
heat pipes for wider uses such as in air conditioning, engine cooling, and electronics cooling. These papers were the first to mention flexible, arterial
Heat_pipe
Islamic architectural feature
A riwaq (or rivaq, Arabic: رواق riwāq or ruwāq) is an arcade or portico (if in front of entrances) open on at least one side. It is an architectural design
Riwaq_(arcade)
Passive solar building
completely instead of fossil energy for heating and cooling. In this direction, the integration of passive solar systems in buildings is one strategy for sustainable
Trombe_wall
House designed for reduced energy use
conditions. Passive alternatives to air-conditioning systems, such as temperature-dependent venting, have been shown to be effective in regions with cooling needs
Low-energy_house
American nuclear power plant
AP1000, Westinghouse's Passive Core Cooling System uses a tank of water situated above the reactor. When the passive cooling system is activated, the
AP1000
Method of heat removal from components and industrial equipment
Water cooling is a method of heat removal from components and industrial equipment. Evaporative cooling using water is often more efficient than air cooling
Water_cooling
Social insects related to cockroaches
Pearce, used passive cooling inspired by that used by the local termites. It was the first major building exploiting termite-inspired cooling techniques
Termite
Method of reusing thermal energy in a building
sources at different temperatures. It is used to reduce the heating and cooling demands of buildings. By recovering the residual heat in the exhaust gas
Heat_recovery_ventilation
Intentional introduction of outside air into a space
safely. Passive ventilation and passive cooling systems were widely written about around the Mediterranean by Classical times. Both heat and cooling sources
Ventilation_(architecture)
Substance with high latent heat of melting or solidifying
body cooling under bulky clothing or costumes. Waste heat recovery Off-peak power utilization: Heating hot water and Cooling Heat pump systems Passive storage
Phase-change_material
System that transfers heat from one space to another
pump and refrigeration cycle, cooling one space and warming the other. In winter, a heat pump can move heat from the cool outdoors to warm a house; in
Heat_pump
Form of central heating and cooling
Underfloor heating and cooling is a form of central heating and cooling that achieves indoor climate control for thermal comfort using hydronic or electrical
Underfloor_heating
Control system for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning equipment
to allow the building owners to have more control over the heating or cooling units. The building owner can monitor the system and respond to alarms
HVAC_control_system
Air conditioning system that allows for individual control of spaces
either be all in cooling or all in heating. Heat Recovery (HR) systems have the ability to simultaneously heat certain zones while cooling others; this is
Variable_refrigerant_flow
geothermal solar Earth cooling tubes Geothermal heat pump Heat recovery ventilation Hot water heat recycling Passive cooling Renewable heat Seasonal
List of low-energy building techniques
List_of_low-energy_building_techniques
Range of indoor air temperatures preferred by most people
"Predicting Comfort Temperature in Indonesia, an Initial Step to Reduce Cooling Energy Consumption". Buildings. 5 (3). School of Architecture, Tanri Abeng
Room_temperature
Component of air conditioning and refrigeration systems
to a heat pump; this is the cycle that makes air conditioning, or air cooling, possible. A basic refrigeration cycle consists of four major elements:
Thermal_expansion_valve
Miniature fan used in a computer for active cooling
possible to cool most components using natural convection (passive cooling), many modern components require more effective active cooling. To cool these components
Computer_fan
Measurement scale for the effectiveness of air filters
Microgeneration Passive cooling Passive daytime radiative cooling Passive house Passive ventilation Radiant heating and cooling Radiant cooling Radiant heating
Minimum efficiency reporting value
Minimum_efficiency_reporting_value
Heat transfer due to the movement of fluid
gradients are dissipated. Convection-cooling is sometimes loosely assumed to be described by Newton's law of cooling. Newton's law states that the rate
Convection_(heat_transfer)
Type of radiation/convection HVAC system
to the cooling coil. For this reason, it has a better cooling capacity than the passive beam. Instead, the passive beam provides space cooling without
Chilled_beam
Liquid additive
Antifreeze protein Air cooling Cryoprotectant Heater core Ice melt Internal combustion engine cooling Radiator Water cooling Waterless coolant Windshield
Antifreeze
Symmetrical axis pool in Persian architecture
In traditional Persian architecture, a howz (Persian: حوض) is a centrally positioned symmetrical axis pool. If in a traditional house or private courtyard
Howz
House partially or entirely surrounded by earth
design aimed at passive seasonal energy storage, annualized geo solar is sometimes applied to earth shelters.[citation needed] Passive cooling which pulls
Earth_shelter
Removal of grease from kitchen exhaust systems
Microgeneration Passive cooling Passive daytime radiative cooling Passive house Passive ventilation Radiant heating and cooling Radiant cooling Radiant heating
Kitchen_exhaust_cleaning
Type of heating system
Mechanical Code Passive house "energy.og – Electrical Resistance Heating". Retrieved 2015-01-15. "History of Radiant Heating & Cooling Systems" (PDF).
Central_heating
Inhalation of tobacco smoke by persons other than the intended active smoker
Passive smoking is the inhalation by individuals other than the smoker of tobacco smoke, called second-hand smoke, passive smoke (SHS) or environmental
Passive_smoking
Wall-mounted air conditioning system
heating coil or natural gas heating also exist. Typical PTAC heating and cooling capacity values range from 7,000–19,000 BTU/h (2 to 5.5 kilowatts) nominal
Packaged terminal air conditioner
Packaged_terminal_air_conditioner
Most common type of heat pump
refrigerant in heating and cooling. Further research into CO2 refrigeration was then conducted at Shecco (Sustainable HEating and Cooling with CO2) in Brussels
Air_source_heat_pump
Chinese nuclear reactor type
project may extend to a larger, three-loop CAP-2100 design if the passive cooling system can be scaled to that level. Xie, Echo (28 September 2020).
CAP1400
Thermal engineering discipline concerning transfer of heat in physical systems
level. Doppler cooling is the most common method of laser cooling. Sympathetic cooling is a process in which particles of one type cool particles of another
Heat_transfer
Symptoms of illness attributed to a building
Microgeneration Passive cooling Passive daytime radiative cooling Passive house Passive ventilation Radiant heating and cooling Radiant cooling Radiant heating
Sick_building_syndrome
Device used to regulate and circulate air as part of an HVAC system
then the cooling coil is employed to over-cool so that the dew point is reached and condensation occurs. A heater coil placed after the cooling coil re-heats
Air_handler
System to transfer heat to/from the ground
energy network Deep water source cooling Solar thermal cooling Renewable heat Glossary of geothermal heating and cooling Uniform Mechanical Code "Heat pumps
Ground_source_heat_pump
All-weather prayer cover in Medina
Baiturrahman Grand Mosque, Banda Aceh, Indonesia Fan vaulting Awning Passive cooling Kucheh "25m Umbrellas". PCT. Retrieved 2022-08-08. جريدة الشرق الأوسط
Medina_Haram_Piazza
Standards organization
Microgeneration Passive cooling Passive daytime radiative cooling Passive house Passive ventilation Radiant heating and cooling Radiant cooling Radiant heating
ASTM_International
Process in which electrical energy is converted to heat
heated by this warmed circulating air or convection (convection has a cooling effect) but are heated by the direct radiation of the source and reflection
Electric_heating
Aspects of fluid mechanics involving fluid flow
Microgeneration Passive cooling Passive daytime radiative cooling Passive house Passive ventilation Radiant heating and cooling Radiant cooling Radiant heating
Fluid_dynamics
Form of electromagnetic radiation
infrared window. This is how passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) surfaces are able to achieve sub-ambient cooling temperatures under direct solar
Infrared
Centralized heat distribution system
reject heat when it needs cooling. In periods of simultaneous cooling and heating demands this allows waste heat from cooling to be used in heat pumps
District_heating
Concept in architectural and engineering practice
ambient air temperature (AT), with high-mass systems leading to greater cooling of the surrounding air. Conversely, the albedo (reflectivity) of the façade
Building_envelope
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