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System that transfers heat from one space to another
A heat pump is a device that uses mechanical or thermal energy to transfer heat from one space to another. The mechanical heat pump uses electric power
Heat_pump
Applies an electric current to heat or cool materials
Peltier cooler, heater, or thermoelectric heat pump is a solid-state active heat pump which transfers heat from one side of the device to the other, with
Thermoelectric_heat_pump
System to transfer heat to/from the ground
A ground source heat pump (also geothermal heat pump) is a heating/cooling system for buildings that use a heat pump to transfer heat to or from the ground
Ground_source_heat_pump
Most common type of heat pump
An air source heat pump (ASHP), the most common type of heat pump, can absorb energy (heat) sourced from cold ambient air outside a building, and release
Air_source_heat_pump
Mathematical models of heat pumps and refrigeration
heat pump cycles or refrigeration cycles are the conceptual and mathematical models for heat pump, air conditioning and refrigeration systems. A heat
Heat pump and refrigeration cycle
Heat_pump_and_refrigeration_cycle
Heat pump driven by thermal energy
An absorption heat pump (AHP) is a heat pump driven by thermal energy such as combustion of natural gas, steam solar-heated water, air, or geothermally
Absorption_heat_pump
Centralized heat distribution system
The heat is often obtained from a cogeneration plant burning fossil fuels or biomass, but heat-only boiler stations, geothermal heating, heat pumps and
District_heating
Topics referred to by the same term
source heat pump Exhaust air heat pump Ground source heat pump (or geothermal heat pump) Solar-assisted heat pump Home appliances that incorporate heat pumps
Heat_pump_(disambiguation)
Type of heating system
solar-assisted heat pump (SAHP) is a system that combines a heat pump and thermal solar panels and/or PV solar panels in a single integrated system. Heat pumps require
Solar-assisted_heat_pump
Method of reusing thermal energy in a building
of heat pump removes more heat from a home than it supplies. Over a year around 60% of the energy input to a property with an exhaust air heat pump will
Heat_recovery_ventilation
Technology of indoor and vehicular environmental comfort
supplemental heat for heat pump systems. The heat pump gained popularity in the 1950s in Japan and the United States. Heat pumps can extract heat from various
Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
Heating,_ventilation,_and_air_conditioning
Simultaneous generation of electricity and useful heat
is used to drive a heat pump. As heat demand increases, more electricity is generated to drive the heat pump, with the waste heat also heating the heating
Cogeneration
Type of heating system
and are practical only with low-cost electricity or when ground source heat pumps are used. Considering the combined system of thermal power station and
Central_heating
Type of energy transfer
reservoir. A heat pump transfers heat to the hot reservoir as the target from the resource or surrounding reservoir. A refrigerator transfers heat, from the
Heat
Thermodynamic device that uses energy to raise the temperature of water
propane or fuel oil. Less conventional water heating technologies, such as heat pump water heaters and solar water heaters, can also be categorized as storage
Storage_water_heater
Linked cyclic series of thermodynamic processes
be reversed and use work to move heat from a cold source and transfer it to a warm sink thereby acting as a heat pump. If at every point in the cycle the
Thermodynamic_cycle
Temperature control system
many commercial heat pump thermostats use a "B" terminal to energize the reversing valve in heating. The heating capacity of a heat pump decreases as outdoor
Thermostat
Method of heat exchange in which convection drives pumpless circulation
a method of passive heat exchange based on natural convection, which circulates a fluid without the necessity of a mechanical pump. Thermosiphoning is
Thermosiphon
Ratio of useful heating or cooling provided to work required
The coefficient of performance or COP (sometimes CP or CoP) of a heat pump, refrigerator or air conditioning system is a ratio of the useful heating or
Coefficient_of_performance
Physics of heat, work, and temperature
Thermodynamics is a branch of physics that deals with heat, work, and temperature, and their relation to energy, entropy, and the physical properties of
Thermodynamics
Direct conversion of temperature differences to electric voltage and vice versa
of their very low efficiency. Other heat-pump applications such as dehumidifiers may also use Peltier heat-pumps. Thermoelectric coolers are trivially
Thermoelectric_effect
Cooling output divided by electricity input, as a standard for HVAC systems
210/240, Performance Rating of Unitary Air-Conditioning and Air-Source Heat Pump Equipment. This defines SEER as the ratio of cooling in British thermal
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio
Seasonal_energy_efficiency_ratio
Heat pump powered by sound
high-amplitude sound waves to pump heat from one place to another (this requires work, which is provided by the loudspeaker) or use a heat difference to produce
Thermoacoustic_heat_engine
Technologies to store thermal energy
include heat or cold produced with heat pumps from off-peak, lower cost electric power, a practice called peak shaving; heat from combined heat and power
Thermal_energy_storage
Type of heat pump
An absorption-compression heat pump (ACHP) is a device that integrate an electric compressor in an absorption heat pump. In some cases this is obtained
Absorption-compression heat pump
Absorption-compression_heat_pump
German heating technology company
investment of €225 million for a new heat pump factory in Dobromierz, Poland and began manufacturing heat-pump components in their Portuguese production
Bosch_Thermotechnik
Cooling of air in an enclosed space
conditioning (HVAC). Heat pumps are similar in many ways to air conditioners but use a reversing valve, allowing them to both heat and cool an enclosed
Air_conditioning
Use of a heat exchanger to recover energy and reuse heat from drain water
Water heat recycling (also known as drain water heat recovery, waste water heat recovery, greywater heat recovery, or sometimes shower water heat recovery)
Water_heat_recycling
Form of central heating and cooling
a heat pump, because underfloor heating uses lower water temperatures than systems using radiators, which improves the efficiency of the heat pump. Underfloor
Underfloor_heating
Air compressor
is known as a scroll-type supercharger) and as a vacuum pump. Many residential central heat pump and air conditioning systems and a few automotive air conditioning
Scroll_compressor
Performance measure of a device that uses thermal energy
refrigerator, ACs etc. For a heat engine, thermal efficiency is the ratio of the net work output to the heat input; in the case of a heat pump, thermal efficiency
Thermal_efficiency
Refrigeration process
called an air conditioner, refrigerator, air source heat pump, geothermal heat pump, or chiller (heat pump). Vapor-compression uses a circulating liquid refrigerant
Vapor-compression refrigeration
Vapor-compression_refrigeration
System that converts heat or thermal energy to mechanical work
Refrigerators, air conditioners and heat pumps are examples of heat engines that are run in reverse, i.e. they use work to take heat energy at a low temperature
Heat_engine
Thermodynamic phase transition energy
William Cullen. Cullen had used an air pump to lower the pressure in a container with diethyl ether. No heat was withdrawn from the ether, yet the ether
Latent_heat
Electric compact crossover SUV
Niro, had already implemented heat pumps. Tesla's heat pump has been praised for using far fewer parts. Tesla's heat pump system includes unique features
Tesla_Model_Y
Appliance used for drying wet clothes
passive heat exchanger cooled by ambient air, these dryers use a heat pump. The hot, humid air from the tumbler is passed through a heat pump where the
Clothes_dryer
Machine to increase pressure of gas by reducing its volume
fill pneumatic tires and power pneumatic tools. Fire pistons and heat pumps exist to heat air or other gasses, and compressing the gas is only a means to
Compressor
Pump used in heating or cooling
A condensate pump is a specific type of pump used to pump the condensate (water) produced in an HVAC (heating or cooling), refrigeration, condensing boiler
Condensate_pump
Measure of energy in a thermodynamic system
shaft or lift pumping) work is done, at constant pressure the enthalpy change equals the energy exchanged with the environment by heat. In chemistry,
Enthalpy
Closed vessel in which fluid is heated
boilers Flued boiler – Type of boiler used to make steam Heat pump – System that transfers heat from one space to another Heating plant – Infrastructure
Boiler
Cooling provides definitions of many terms used within the Geothermal heat pump industry. The terms in this glossary may be used by industry professionals
Glossary of geothermal heating and cooling
Glossary_of_geothermal_heating_and_cooling
Machine that removes heat from a liquid coolant
above 15 kW combined consumption for both the solution pump and the refrigerant pump. However, its heat input requirements are large, and its COP is often
Chiller
Single machine for washing and drying clothes
only heat pump washer dryer on the European market, while Panasonic and Toshiba offer similar products in Asia since 2005. Cold side of heat pump works
Washer-dryer
Application of renewable energy
fossil fuel boiler. Renewable heat technologies include renewable biofuels, solar heating, geothermal heating, heat pumps and heat exchangers. Insulation is
Renewable_heat
Device which reduces humidity
environment. The balance of the air then passes into the evaporator coil of the heat pump where it is cooled and the moisture is condensed. This process yields
Dehumidifier
Tank used in hot water systems
pump when moderate quantities of water are withdrawn from a faucet, and in turn from the pressure tank, without the excessive wear of the well pump to
Expansion_tank
Air conditioning system that allows for individual control of spaces
may supply hot water in a heat recovery configuration without affecting efficiency, and switch to heating mode (heat pump) during winter without additional
Variable_refrigerant_flow
Equipment used to transfer heat between fluids
Heat pump Heat recovery ventilation Jacketed vessel Log mean temperature difference (LMTD) Marine heat exchangers Mechanical engineering Micro heat exchanger
Heat_exchanger
Refrigeration method
Antukh, A. A; Vasiliev, L. L (2001-04-01). "Solar–gas solid sorption heat pump". Applied Thermal Engineering. 21 (5): 573–583. doi:10.1016/S1359-4311(00)00069-7
Adsorption_refrigeration
Use of geothermal energy for heating
That heat can be extracted with a geothermal heat pump more efficiently than it can be generated by conventional furnaces. Geothermal heat pumps are economically
Geothermal_heating
Storage of heat or cold for periods of up to several months
use a heat pump to help charge and discharge the storage during part or all of the cycle. For cooling applications, often only circulation pumps are used
Seasonal thermal energy storage
Seasonal_thermal_energy_storage
Equipment in thermodynamics
is used as a heat pump or thermoelectric cooler. A thermal diode in this sense is a device whose thermal resistance is different for heat flow in one direction
Thermal_diode
Process in which electrical energy is converted to heat
existing thermal energy. The heat pump uses an electric motor to drive a reversed refrigeration cycle, that draws heat energy from an external source
Electric_heating
Heat transfer due to the movement of fluid
fans, by stirring, and pumps, creating an artificially induced convection current. In many real-life applications (e.g. heat losses at solar central
Convection_(heat_transfer)
HVAC system
a heat pump or central air conditioning system. Copper is often specified in supply and return manifolds and in tube coils. Heated water is pumped through
Forced-air
Underground heat exchanger loop that can capture or dissipate heat to or from the ground
heating or cooling. Pretreatment of air for an air source heat pump or ground-source heat pump often provides the best economic return on investment, with
Ground-coupled_heat_exchanger
Radiant light and heat from the Sun, harnessed with technology
capacities. A heat pump is a device that provides heat energy from a source of heat to a destination called a "heat sink". Heat pumps are designed to
Solar_energy
Measure of the heating efficiency of air source heat pumps
specifically used to measure the efficiency of air source heat pumps. HSPF is defined as the ratio of heat output (measured in BTUs) over the heating season to
Heating seasonal performance factor
Heating_seasonal_performance_factor
Thermal engineering discipline concerning transfer of heat in physical systems
move heat partly by diffusion, as well. Another form of convection is forced convection. In this case, the fluid is forced to flow by using a pump, fan
Heat_transfer
Machine transforming a liquid into a gas
any water vapor unless the pressure in the heat exchanger vessel is dropped. A brine-air ejector venturi pump is then used to create a vacuum inside the
Evaporator
Measure of thermal efficiency
is 100%, whereas a heat pump used for building heating may exceed 100%. For example, a COP of 1.5 is equivalent to 150%. Heat pumps are readily available
Annual fuel utilization efficiency
Annual_fuel_utilization_efficiency
Energy supplier in the United Kingdom
training centre for the decarbonisation of heat. Located in Slough, the centre will train 1000 heat pump engineers per year and develop new heating systems
Octopus_Energy
Maximum attainable efficiency of any heat engine
being driven as a heat pump. All these mean that heat can transfer from cold to hot places without external work, and such a heat transfer is impossible
Carnot's theorem (thermodynamics)
Carnot's_theorem_(thermodynamics)
Device used for heating buildings
Forced-air gas Jetstream furnace Outdoor wood-fired boiler Masonry heater Heat pump Johnson, Bill; Standiford, Kevin (2008-08-28). Practical Heating Technology
Furnace_(central_heating)
Thermodynamic process that uses energy sources to heat water
commonly heated with natural gas, electric resistance, or a heat pump. Electric heat pump water heaters are significantly more efficient than electric
Water_heating
Substance used to reduce or regulate the temperature of a system
commonly used in automotive and HVAC applications, in industrial processing heat-transfer fluid is one technical term more often used in high-temperature
Coolant
German central heating product manufacturer
Holzminden, Germany, that manufactures central heating products such as heat pumps. The UK office was set up on the Wirral Peninsula in 2008. The company
Stiebel_Eltron
Theoretical engine
system to a warmer one, thereby acting as a refrigerator or heat pump rather than a heat engine. Every thermodynamic system exists in a particular state
Carnot_heat_engine
High-performance energy-efficiency building standard
allow heating via tempered ventilation air with small duct heaters or heat-pump coils; peak loads are limited by envelope performance. Concerns are sometimes
Passive_house
Use of liquid or gaseous water in heating or cooling systems
Hot water systems Steam systems Steam condensate systems Ground source heat pump systems Hydronic systems are further classified in five ways: Flow generation
Hydronics
Refrigerator that uses a heat source
condensation occurs (see below). In comparison, a compressor based heat pump works by pumping refrigerant gas from an evaporator to a condenser. This reduces
Absorption_refrigerator
Component of air conditioning and refrigeration systems
pressure-controlled valve. A thermal expansion valve is a key element to a heat pump; this is the cycle that makes air conditioning, or air cooling, possible
Thermal_expansion_valve
Storing surplus electricity production in chemical form
industrial systems with heat. Power-to-heat involves contributing to the heat sector, either by resistance heating or via a heat pump. Resistance heaters
Power-to-X
Working fluid in a refrigeration cycle
Refrigerants are also used in heat pumps, which work like refrigeration systems. In the winter, a heat pump absorbs heat from the cold outdoor environment
Refrigerant
Vehicle propelled fully or mostly by electricity
"What's a heat pump and why do EVs use them?". TNW | Shift. Archived from the original on 28 July 2021. Retrieved 28 July 2021. "Heat pumps in electric
Electric_vehicle
Device used to regulate and circulate air as part of an HVAC system
evaporator, placed directly in the air stream. Electric resistance heaters and heat pumps can be used as well. Evaporative cooling is more practical in dry climates
Air_handler
Architectural element for creating a draft
Information Survival Kit for the Prospective Residential Geothermal Heat Pump Owner" (PDF). Geo-Heat Centre Quarterly Bulletin. Vol. 18, no. 2. Klmath Falls, Oregon:
Windcatcher
Minimization of heat transfer
including a silica-alumina nanofibrous aerogel. A refrigerator consists of a heat pump and a thermally insulated compartment. Launch and re-entry place severe
Thermal_insulation
District heating with very low temperatures
consumers to heat and cool simultaneously and independently of each other. Hot water is produced and the building heated by water heat pumps, which obtain
Cold_district_heating
Heating of air in buildings or vehicles
systems produce heat in one central location and distribute it throughout the building. This category includes furnaces, boilers, and heat pumps. Central heating
Heating_system
Device that cools air through the evaporation of water
pump to raise water to the top of the tower. Energy savings from using a passive direct evaporating cooling strategy depends on the climate and heat load
Evaporative_cooler
Cooling methods that expend energy to cool a system or component
active cooling systems include indoor air conditioners, computer fans, and heat pumps. Many buildings require high demands in cooling and as many as 27 out
Active_cooling
Device which rejects waste heat to the atmosphere through the cooling of a water stream
condenser of the heat pumps whenever the heat pumps are working in the cooling mode, then the externally mounted cooling tower is used to remove heat from the
Cooling_tower
Registered trade name for halocarbon products
Heat pump and refrigeration cycle Heat transfer Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack
Freon
Engineering discipline
engineering to design equipment such as engines, power plants, heat exchangers, heat sinks, radiators, refrigerators, insulation, and heating, ventilation
Mechanical_engineering
Device designed to create radiative heat
An infrared heater or heat lamp is a heating appliance containing a high-temperature emitter that transfers energy to a cooler object through electromagnetic
Infrared_heater
Process of moving heat from one location to another in controlled conditions
melting or an electromechanical machine driving the heat exchanger), but it can also be driven by heat pump, magnetism, electricity, laser cooling, or other
Refrigeration
Thermodynamic system whose temperature does not change regardless of heat transfer
the Boltzmann factor. For an engineering application, see geothermal heat pump. Heat sink Thermal energy storage C, Yunus A.; Boles, Michael A. (2002).
Thermal_reservoir
removes heat from the system. The condenser is the hot side of an air conditioner or heat pump. Condensers are heat exchangers, and can transfer heat to air
Glossary_of_HVAC_terms
Delivery of chilled water to building needing cooling
cooling can be provided by a Heat Sharing Network which enables each building on the circuit to use a heat pump to redirect heat to an ambient ground temperature
District_cooling
A direct exchange (DX) geothermal heat pump is a type of ground source heat pump in which refrigerant circulates through copper tubing placed in the ground
Direct exchange geothermal heat pump
Direct_exchange_geothermal_heat_pump
Absorption refrigerator invented in 1930
has no moving parts, operates at constant pressure, and requires only a heat source to operate. It was jointly invented in 1926 by Albert Einstein and
Einstein_refrigerator
Device which transfers heat from an intermediate temperature to a high temperature
{\displaystyle T_{0}} (rejection heat). Such a device is also denominated type II absorption heat pump or booster heat pump. Absorption heat transformers are especially
Absorption_heat_transformer
System to cool the air in a vehicle
production. Usable in Heat Pumps because at least one CO2 system under development can act as a heat pump, supplying cabin heat and windshield defrosting
Automotive_air_conditioning
Heat exchanger for space heating
boiler or other heating device by gravity feed, a pump, or natural convection. As it gives out heat, the hot water cools and sinks to the bottom of the
Radiator_(heating)
Idealized thermodynamic cycle
When work is applied to the system, heat moves from the cold to hot reservoir (heat pump or refrigeration). When heat moves from the hot to the cold reservoir
Carnot_cycle
Refrigerant fluid
R-410A is a refrigerant fluid used in air conditioning and heat pump applications. It is a zeotropic but near-azeotropic mixture of difluoromethane (CH2F2
R-410A
Swedish heating, cooling and energy systems manufacturer
systems manufacturer. They produce domestic stoves, air source heat pumps, ground source heat pumps, as well as other heating and climate control equipment.
Nibe_Industrier
Wall-mounted air conditioning system
offer resistance heating and/or heat pumps. (The latter are more properly described as packaged terminal heat pumps or PTHP). PTACs with support for
Packaged terminal air conditioner
Packaged_terminal_air_conditioner
High-output water distillation and purification system using solar energy
in which case its latent heat will be shed as waste, or it can be condensed by using a heat pump, in which case its latent heat (or a portion of it) can
Concentrated_solar_still
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