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In computer vision and image processing
In computer vision and image processing, Otsu's method, named after Nobuyuki Otsu (大津展之, Ōtsu Nobuyuki), is used to perform automatic image thresholding
Otsu's_method
Data clustering algorithm
between classes. The Jenks optimization method is directly related to Otsu's Method and Fisher's Discriminant Analysis. George F. Jenks was a 20th-century
Jenks natural breaks optimization
Jenks_natural_breaks_optimization
Probability distribution with more than one mode
distributions are known. Statistical tests for the antimode are known. Otsu's method Otsu's method is commonly employed in computer graphics to determine the optimal
Multimodal_distribution
Japanese AI researcher
multivariate analysis, artificial intelligence, and neurocomputing. Otsu's method, an image binarization technique, is still a standard technique widely
Nobuyuki_Otsu
Partitioning a digital image into segments
maximum entropy method, balanced histogram thresholding, Otsu's method (maximum variance), and k-means clustering. Recently, methods have been developed
Image_segmentation
Image edge detection algorithm
Journal of Computational Information Systems, 7(5), 1516-1523. Otsu N. A threshold selection method from gray-level histograms. IEEE Trans Systems, Man and Cybernetics
Canny_edge_detector
Operation that extracts small elements and details from given images
and would not be extracted by only utilizing threshold method. In this case, before Otsu's method is applied to input image, white top-hat transform should
Top-hat_transform
Image segmentation algorithm
automatic thresholding methods exist, the most famous and widely used being Otsu's method. Sezgin et al 2004 categorized thresholding methods into broad groups
Thresholding (image processing)
Thresholding_(image_processing)
Method of spatial measurement using laser
regression to deal with occlusions. Road marking is detected using a modified Otsu method by distinguishing rough and shiny surfaces. Roadside reflectors that
Lidar
Vector quantization algorithm minimizing the sum of squared deviations
batch" samples for data sets that do not fit into memory. Otsu's method Hartigan and Wong's method provides a variation of k-means algorithm which progresses
K-means_clustering
Type of image thresholding
thresholding method (BHT), is a very simple method used for automatic image thresholding. Like Otsu's Method and the Iterative Selection Thresholding Method, this
Balanced histogram thresholding
Balanced_histogram_thresholding
Image comprising exactly two colors, typically black and white
segmentation is probably Otsu's method which assigns pixels to foreground or background based on grayscale intensity. Another method is the watershed algorithm
Binary_image
Algorithm in image processing
all based on Otsu's method for linear histograms: (Tseng, Li and Tung 1995) smooth the circular histogram, and apply Otsu's method. The histogram is cyclically
Circular_thresholding
Optimization algorithm
pheromone matrix τ. Threshold for the below example is calculated based on Otsu's method. Image edge detected using ACO: The images below are generated using
Ant colony optimization algorithms
Ant_colony_optimization_algorithms
Method used in statistics, pattern recognition, and other fields
{1}{2}}{\vec {\mu }}_{0}^{\mathrm {T} }\Sigma _{0}^{-1}{\vec {\mu }}_{0}} . Otsu's method is related to Fisher's linear discriminant, and was created to binarize
Linear_discriminant_analysis
American geographer and cartographer
statistician Michael DeMers – American geographer and fiction writer Otsu's Method – In computer vision and image processingPages displaying short descriptions
George_F._Jenks
American geographer and spatial statistician
cartographer Michael DeMers – American geographer and fiction writer Otsu's Method – In computer vision and image processingPages displaying short descriptions
Arthur_Getis
Japanese mathematics educator (1914–1995)
differential and integral calculus. This was the beginning of the Kumon Method of Learning. Other parents became interested in Kumon's ideas, and in 1955
Toru_Kumon
Temple ruins in Shiga, Japan
period Buddhist temple located in the Shigasato neighborhood of the city of Ōtsu,Shiga Prefecture, in the Kansai region of Japan. The site was designated
Sūfuku-ji_(Ōtsu)
Regional legislature in Indonesia
March 2024. "Gubernur Papua Barat mulai bentuk timsel anggota DPRD jalur otsus". Antara News (in Indonesian). 15 March 2024. Retrieved 29 March 2024. "Kesbangpol:
Regional House of Representatives
Regional_House_of_Representatives
Dish of fermented stuffed crucian carp
nare-zushi. Many literature claim that nare-zushi originated from a fish storage method found in the mountainous region of Yunnan in Southeast Asia, but there are
Funazushi
1954 Japanese film by Hiroshi Inagaki
use his own methods to control him. The priest believes that he can straighten Takezo out, but Takezo again escapes with Otsu's help. Otsu now understands
Samurai_I:_Musashi_Miyamoto
Shinto shrine in Ōtsu, Japan
painted red. The complex is located near the Ōmi Ōtsu Palace. Omi shrine pavilions were constructed by a method of Omi-zukuri, and it is listed in the Registered
Omi_Shrine
Calendar year
medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. September – Battle of Kopidnadon: An Abbasid
788
Thresholded edge map using Otsu's algorithm
Unimodal_thresholding
Doctoral degree peculiar to Japan
hakase (博士) means doctoral degree in Japanese. It is also called Otsu Hakase (乙博士) or Otsu-gō Hakase (乙号博士). The other way of obtaining doctoral degree in
Ronbun_hakase
National university in Shiga, Japan
of Ōtsu and Hikone. Founded in 1874, it was chartered as a university in 1949. Shiga University has three faculties, the Faculty of Education in Ōtsu Campus
Shiga_University
new forms of the characters. In particular, all Unicode normalization methods merge the old characters with the new ones. The 5 kanji 茨・牙・韓・𠮟・栃 have
List_of_jōyō_kanji
Polymer with a backbone of one composite and random branches of another composite
; Tsuboi, H.; Takahama, S.; Tsuda, K.; Otsu, T. (5 November 1990). "Graft copolymerization by iniferter method; structural analyses of graft copolymer
Graft_polymer
Japanese samurai and warlord (1534–1582)
Japan's largest distribution centres, Sakai (Izumi province), Kusatsu and Ōtsu (Ōmi Province). What Nobunaga sought from the merchants of Sakai was their
Oda_Nobunaga
2024 Japanese anime television series
form and knock Mousse out. Despite Ranma's victory, Dr. Tofu reveals the method can be used only once, and Ranma returns to his female form in the rain
Ranma_½_(2024_TV_series)
Mixed martial arts events
K-1 World GP 2026 -90kg World Championship Tournament Weight Class Method Round Time Notes Cruiserweight 90 kg Lukas Achterberg def. Nikita Kozlov KO (Low
2026_in_K-1
prefecture located in the Kansai region of Japan. It was established from Otsu Prefecture in January 1872 (the 5th year of Meiji), merged with Inukami Prefecture
Administrative divisions of Shiga Prefecture
Administrative_divisions_of_Shiga_Prefecture
Japanese Samurai, Daimyo and Military ruler of Japan from 1603 to 1605
not take the medicine Sotetsu had prepared, and instead continued his own method of therapy which he believed could cure his perceived tapeworm problem.
Tokugawa_Ieyasu
Japanese financial services group
130th Bank (see below); the 64th National Bank [ja], est. 1878 in Ōtsu, renamed Otsu Bank in 1898 and merged 1908 into Omi Bank [ja] which collapsed in
Mizuho_Financial_Group
Calendar year
medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Waratton, mayor of the palace of Neustria and
686
Japanese World War II guided air-to-surface missile
radio-guided weapons in the Army's I-Gō program: the smaller I-Gō Model 1B Otsu (Ki-148) and the I-Gō Model 1C Hei. Development began in spring 1944, when
Mitsubishi_Ki-147
Calendar year
medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. December 7 – An annular solar eclipse is visible
671
Japanese card game
tournament of competitive karuta is held every January at Omi Shrine in Ōtsu, Shiga. The title Meijin has been awarded to the winner of the men's division
Competitive_karuta
1985 series of beverage poisonings in Japan
were from copycat killers or people attempting to poison themselves in a method imitating the murders. The case had no DNA evidence and the culprit was
Paraquat_murders
Japanese carrier-based fighter aircraft
one piece, unlike the American method that built them separately and joined the two parts together. The Japanese method was much slower but resulted in
Mitsubishi_A6M_Zero
Weapon
Japan's army (like the US, French, British and Russian armies) tried various methods to integrate modern armor into their traditional horse cavalry formations
Type_92_heavy_armoured_car
Armored vehicle equipped with a flamethrower
Kingdom all produced flamethrower-equipped tanks. A number of production methods were used. The flamethrowers used were either modified versions of existing
Flame_tank
Interpretations of Yukio Mishima's suicide
the method of Mishima was not like line of the literary figure who got directly involved in politics like Shintaro Ishihara, and it was "a method that
Views on the meaning of Mishima's death
Views_on_the_meaning_of_Mishima's_death
valimistele registreerida". ERR (in Estonian). Retrieved 15 May 2024. "Riigikohtu otsus valimiskautsjoni asjus üllatas erakondade esimehi". Postimees (in Estonian)
2024 European Parliament election in Estonia
2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia
Calendar year
medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Emperor Constans II launches an assault against
663
Emperor of Japan from 668 to 672
technology and methods of statecraft to Japan. In 667, Naka moved the imperial seat away from Asuka to the new Ōmi Ōtsu Palace at Ōtsu, situated between
Emperor_Tenji
Itooshisa" (Japanese: なくなって初めてわかるいとおしさ) 172 22 "Using The 'Carrot And Stick' Method Depends On The Situation" Transliteration: "Ame to Muchi wa Tsukaiyō" (Japanese:
List_of_Gintama_episodes
she goes to Gintoki's room and troubles him about her problem. After few methods, she finally falls asleep while listening to a story from a radio show
Gintama_season_4
Distilled alcoholic beverage from Japan
and premium brands with a focus on particular ingredients, production methods, or aging techniques entered the market. The beverage has undergone a change
Shōchū
Microscopy technique
13..146S. doi:10.1117/1.1631315. ISSN 1017-9909. Otsu, Nobuyuki (1979). "A Threshold Selection Method from Gray-Level Histograms". IEEE Transactions on
Imaging_particle_analysis
Capital city of Michigan, United States
using the first-past-the-post method in the city's wards, and four members are elected at-large using the block voting method. Members of the council serve
Lansing,_Michigan
swordsmanship his dojo teaches. Shinpachi is also the captain of the "Otsu's Imperial Guard," an Otsu's fan club, and takes his role seriously. Other members of the
List_of_Gintama_characters
district using open-list party proportional representation via the D'Hondt method. Each prefectural district elects at least one councillor each election
2025 Japanese House of Councillors election
2025_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election
National electoral district
in total (fully effective after the 2022 regular election), by D'Hondt method proportional representation (PR). Proportional voting was introduced to
Japanese House of Councillors national proportional representation block
Japanese_House_of_Councillors_national_proportional_representation_block
Order of fish
Loricarioidei as the earliest-branching catfish lineage. When a data filtering method was used to reduce lineage rate heterogeneity (the potential source of bias)
Catfish
Conventional high-explosive bomb
Pumpkin bomb sorties Date Target Aircraft name Aircraft # Crew Commander Method 20 July 1945 Toyama Some Punkins 44-27296 B-7 James N. Price Jr. Radar 24
Pumpkin_bomb
Type of amphibious warfare ship
Daihatsu-class landing craft stored in floodable holds. At the time, this launching method was unprecedented. All three were sunk by submarines with very heavy loss
Landing_craft_carrier
Hitachiōmiya (2004) Oshi → Gyōda (1949) Ōta → Hitachiōta (1954) Ōtsu → Kotsu (672) → Ōtsu (794) Ōtsu → Izumiōtsu (1942) Sano → Izumisano (1948) Sayama → Ōsakasayama
List_of_city_name_changes
Method used to accelerate spacecraft
Spacecraft propulsion is any method used to accelerate spacecraft and artificial satellites. In-space propulsion is used in the vacuum of space after launch
Spacecraft_propulsion
Major river in Osaka Prefecture, Japan
River in Shiga Prefecture, begins at the southern outlet of the lake in Ōtsu. There is a dam there to regulate the lake level. Further downstream, the
Yodo_River
Japanese kickboxer
Res. Record Opponent Method Event Date Round Time Location Notes Win 1-0 Jongmin Shin TKO (punches) Rizin 45 December 31, 2023 1 2:16 Saitama, Japan
Ryujin_Nasukawa
Japanese manga series
their father left them and their mother died. Kei has an extreme talent for method acting, to the point where she loses track of reality while acting. At an
Act-Age
Deformation of teeth due to acids produced by bacteria
regeneration is a field of ongoing stem cell-based study that aims to find methods to reverse the effects of decay; current treatments are limited to symptom
Tooth_decay
are about to have a showdown when Kyou gets flustered by Kai's dueling methods. 27 TBA October 5, 2013 (2013-10-05) Miwa wishes to be in the Assita-cat's
List of Cardfight!! Vanguard episodes
List_of_Cardfight!!_Vanguard_episodes
Class of submarine aircraft carriers for the Imperial Japanese Navy
General Staff, including blueprints of the Canal structures and construction methods. A team of three shipping engineers studied the documents and concluded
I-400-class_submarine
Non-parametric statistic on information transfer
Bibcode:2011arXiv1110.2724V. Lungarella, M.; Ishiguro, K.; Kuniyoshi, Y.; Otsu, N. (1 March 2007). "Methods for quantifying the causal structure of bivariate time series"
Transfer_entropy
Oldest attested stage of the Japanese language
characters: This method of writing Japanese syllables by using characters for their Chinese sounds (ongana) was supplemented with indirect methods in the complex
Old_Japanese
Pre-modern immigrants to Japan
(河伯)". May have been influenced by China's Hebo and Korea's Habaek. The method proposed by Koyama (1978) to calculate the ratio of the number of sites
Toraijin
Bioengineering technique to regenerate teeth
Takashi (March 2007). "The development of a bioengineered organ germ method". Nature Methods. 4 (3): 227–230. doi:10.1038/nmeth1012. ISSN 1548-7105. PMID 17322892
Tooth_regeneration
Japanese general (died 707)
to attack Ōmi Province, where Prince Ōtomo had his palace at Ōmi-Ōtsu (currently Ōtsu city, Shiga Prefecture) and the other to march directly into Yamato
Fumi_no_Nemaro
Percussion instrument
travel up with the bell, and come to rest on the downhill side. This latter method is used in English style full circle ringing. Occasionally the clappers
Bell
developed original methods of treatment using herbal medicines. The authors of several books, they are well known in Ukraine, and their methods and preparations
Meanings of minor-planet names: 6001–7000
Meanings_of_minor-planet_names:_6001–7000
a combination of multi-member districts and single-member districts, a method called parallel voting. Currently, 176 members are elected from 11 multi-member
List of districts of the House of Representatives of Japan
List_of_districts_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Japan
Historical method for reckoning time in China
century) also used the sexagenary cycle known as Lak-Ni. This traditional method of numbering days and years no longer has any significant role in modern
Sexagenary_cycle
and the Otsu ("B"), with an air-cooled diesel engine and improved frontal armor. Of the two versions, a total of 113 Kō tanks and 291 Otsu tanks were
Tanks_of_Japan
Description of flat one-vertex origami
creases. There are two ways to choose which folds to use in each step of this method, and each step eliminates two creases. Therefore, any crease pattern with
Kawasaki's_theorem
Japanese traders from history
carriers who used oxen instead were known as shashaku. The transportation method of the bashaku was to hang the cargo from the back of their horses and then
Bashaku
Condition due to travel across time zones
with the expected cycle at their destination. Light therapy is a popular method used by professional athletes to reduce jet lag. Timed correctly, the light
Jet_lag
Sports season
Nishio Himeji Tosu Hitachinaka Osaka Kurobe Kawasaki Okayama Kanazawa Ageo Ōtsu Kariya The number of foreign players is restricted to one per club world
2020–21 V.League Division 1 Women's
2020–21_V.League_Division_1_Women's
Class of Imperial Japanese Navy destroyer
classes Property Matsu class Tachibana class Project number F55 F55B Building method Ordinary Modular design Main materials High-Tensile Strength steel (upper
Matsu-class_destroyer
separating the foreground pixel from background pixel. The thresholding methods used are Otsu's thresholding, Adaptive thresholding and texture thresholding. If
CEDAR-FOX
Calendar year
medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. King Sighere of Essex dies after a 19-year joint
683
Japanese kickboxer
(T)KO's), 2 Losses, 0 Draw, 0 No Contest Date Result Opponent Event Location Method Round Time 2026-09-19 Ryoya Ito RISE World Series 2026 Tokyo 2 Tokyo, Japan
Toki_Oshika
Province in Western New Guinea, Indonesia
of Mamberamo-Tabi) "Wilayah Adat Tabi Saireri Sepakati 11 Poin Evaluasi Otsus". 29 August 2020. "Pertemuan Forum Kepala Daerah Tabi Saireri, ini sejumlah
Papua_(province)
prefecture. Clean-up operations took 2–3 weeks. Improving technology and methods to predict volcano and giant caldera eruptions would help to prepare and
Geography_of_Japan
more have followed since then. In 1994, a second conference was held in Otsu, Japan, followed by one in Asilomar, California, in 2001; Pasadena, California
Humiaki_Huzita
Region of Indonesia
all". 2 July 2022. "Wilayah Adat Tabi Saireri Sepakati 11 Poin Evaluasi Otsus". 29 August 2020. "Profil Merauke, Ibu Kota Provinsi Papua Selatan Halaman
Western_New_Guinea
Japanese literary magazine
Prize from Shinchosha Publishing, 2007, for The 1000 novels and a Backbeard Otsu-ichi Tatsuhiko Takimoto Kouhei Kadono Kinoko Nasu Ryukishi07 The Faust Award
Faust_(magazine)
Japanese chemical company
is a Japanese multinational chemicals company, with their headquarters in Otsu City, Japan and offices in Yokneam, Israel. They produce chemical products
Rakuto_Kasei
Draw position Team Pot Confederation Method of qualification Date of qualification Olympic appearance Last appearance Previous best performance D1 Spain
Football at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament – Group D
Football_at_the_2012_Summer_Olympics_–_Men's_tournament_–_Group_D
Japanese manned suicide torpedoes used by the Imperial Navy in World War II
completed. In practice, only the Type 1 craft, using the submarine delivery method, were ever used in combat. Twenty-one specially equipped submarines carried
Kaiten
polymerization where the active polymer chain end is a free radical. Several methods exist. IUPAC recommends to use the term "reversible-deactivation radical
Living free-radical polymerization
Living_free-radical_polymerization
Japanese samurai
called hayagō, was reportedly used by Tachibana Muneshige during the Siege of Ōtsu in 1600. The 18th-century Japanese philosopher Miura Baien wrote an elegy
Tachibana_Dōsetsu
Mammalian protein found in humans
M011248200. PMID 11278868. Gout I, Dhand R, Panayotou G, Fry MJ, Hiles I, Otsu M, et al. (December 1992). "Expression and characterization of the p85 subunit
HER2
Light aircraft carrier of the Imperial Japanese Navy
launching ceremony and due to inexperience with the electric arc welding method, portions of the hull warped during construction. Immediately after the
Japanese aircraft carrier Ryūhō
Japanese_aircraft_carrier_Ryūhō
several days in captivity, Hijikata and Sougo continue to search for a method to escape without killing one another. After Sougo sacrifices himself by
Gintama_season_3
demands some form of mass spectrometry. Even so, technical limitations of the method have traditionally required the sampling of very large volumes of water:
Isotopes_of_krypton
Automation for various purposes of vehicles
onto a monorail/guideway along which they are driven autonomously. As a method of automating cars without extensively modifying the cars as much as a robotic
Vehicular_automation
Design of outdoor public areas, landmarks, and structures
landscape architecture". Potager in Dordogne, France Japanese garden in Ōtsu, Japan Classical Chinese garden Topiary in Helsingborg, Sweden Asian sculpture
Landscape_architecture
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