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Probability distribution with more than one mode
statistics, a multimodal distribution is a probability distribution with more than one mode (i.e., more than one local peak of the distribution). These appear
Multimodal_distribution
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up multimodal in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Multimodal may refer to: Scenic route Multimodal distribution, a statistical distribution of values
Multimodal
Probability distribution
Normal distribution Multimodal distribution Poisson distribution Dorp, J. René van; Kotz, Samuel (March 2003). "Generalized Trapezoidal Distributions". Metrika
Trapezoidal_distribution
Measure of the asymmetry of random variables
distribution with zero value of skewness does not imply that this distribution is symmetric necessarily. However, a symmetric unimodal or multimodal distribution
Skewness
Machine learning methods using multiple input modalities
Multimodal learning is a type of deep learning that integrates and processes multiple types of data, referred to as modalities, such as text, audio, images
Multimodal_learning
Property of having a unique mode or maximum value
"multimodal". Figure 1 illustrates normal distributions, which are unimodal. Other examples of unimodal distributions include Cauchy distribution, Student's
Unimodality
Type of probability distribution
be given by a mixture of two normal distributions. (See Multimodal distribution#Mixture of two normal distributions for more details.) Given an equal (50/50)
Mixture_distribution
Concept in communication
Multimodality is the application of multiple literacies within one medium. Multiple literacies or "modes" contribute to an audience's understanding of
Multimodality
Large language model developed by Google
Gemini is a family of multimodal large language models (LLMs) developed by Google DeepMind, and the successor to LaMDA and PaLM 2. Comprising Gemini Pro
Gemini_(language_model)
Describes the sum of independent normal and exponential random variables
distributional specifications for the composed error term that models inefficiency. In signal processing, EMGs have been extended to the multimodal case
Exponentially modified Gaussian distribution
Exponentially_modified_Gaussian_distribution
Maritime facility where ships may dock to load and discharge passengers and cargo
ports tended to be just simple harbours, modern ports tend to be multimodal distribution hubs, with transport links using sea, river, canal, road, rail
Port
Book by Hetty van de Rijt
Rijt-Plooij, Hedwig H.C. van de; Helmers, Roelof (2003). "Chapter 7: Multimodal Distribution of SIDS and Regression Periods". In Heimann, Mikael (ed.). Regression
The_Wonder_Weeks
Concept in Bayesian statistics
(SCS), sometimes also called the highest density region. For a multimodal distribution, this is not necessarily an interval as it can be disconnected
Credible_interval
Iterative method for finding maximum likelihood estimates in statistical models
the sequence converges to a maximum likelihood estimator. For multimodal distributions, this means that an EM algorithm may converge to a local maximum
Expectation–maximization algorithm
Expectation–maximization_algorithm
Spherical collection of stars
(possibly) metallicities could lead to clusters with a bimodal, or even multimodal, distribution of populations. Observations of globular clusters show that their
Globular_cluster
Data visualization
the bean plots can show the difference between single-modal and multimodal distributions, which cannot be observed from the original classical box plot
Box_plot
Human evolution hypothesis
the recent African replacement hypothesis. The analysis found a multimodal distribution of coalescence times to the most recent common ancestor for those
Multiregional origin of modern humans
Multiregional_origin_of_modern_humans
Value that appears most often in a set of data
continuous distribution is called multimodal (as opposed to unimodal). In symmetric unimodal distributions, such as the normal distribution, the mean (if
Mode_(statistics)
Metrics related to human characteristics
computational time and reliability, cost, sensor size, and power consumption. Multimodal biometric systems use multiple sensors or biometrics to overcome the limitations
Biometrics
Subfield of cosmology
state. More recent simulations use a multimodal distribution to describe the gas density and temperature distributions, which directly model the multi-phase
Galaxy formation and evolution
Galaxy_formation_and_evolution
computed so as to understand trends in the data set over time. multimodal distribution multivariate analysis multivariate kernel density estimation multivariate
Glossary of probability and statistics
Glossary_of_probability_and_statistics
Width of an electromagnetic beam
measurements are noisier than D4σ width measurements. For multimodal marginal distributions (a beam profile with multiple peaks), the 1/e2 width usually
Beam_diameter
Town in Tennessee, US
helped fund and propose plans to develop the town as an important multimodal distribution rail-and-road center, such as an extension of the Peavine Railroad
Bean_Station,_Tennessee
Substrings of length k contained in a biological sequence
varies, with most species having a unimodal distribution. However, all mammals have a multimodal distribution. The number of modes within a k-mer spectrum
K-mer
Graphical representation of the distribution of numerical data
"unimodal", "bimodal" or "multimodal".[citation needed] Symmetric, unimodal Skewed right Skewed left Bimodal Multimodal Symmetric It is a good idea
Histogram
Computer simulation method
1016/S0009-2614(99)01123-9. Radford M. Neal (1996). "Sampling from multimodal distributions using tempered transitions". Statistics and Computing. 6 (4): 353–366
Parallel_tempering
variations of illumination, and it behaves well in presence of multimodal distributions of intensity, e.g. along object boundaries. It has applications
Census_transform
Method of plotting numeric data
interquartile ranges, the violin plot shows the full distribution of the data. The violin plot can be used in multimodal data (more than one peak). In this case a
Violin_plot
Classification used by psychologists to describe the distinctions between people
law of normal distribution. The adepts of the third view believe that the types differ from the traits by having multimodal distributions in which the
Psychological_typologies
Algorithm
considered. In practice, sampling from a horizontal slice of a multimodal distribution is difficult. There is a tension between obtaining a large sampling
Slice_sampling
Foundation model allowing control of robot actions
In robot learning, a vision–language–action model (VLA) is a class of multimodal foundation models that integrates vision, language and actions. Given
Vision–language–action_model
Probability distribution
unit sphere. In the general case, the projected normal distribution can be asymmetric and multimodal. In case μ {\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {\mu }}} is parallel
Projected_normal_distribution
Algorithm for modelling sequential data
computer vision (vision transformers), reinforcement learning, audio, multimodal learning, robotics, and playing chess. It has also led to the development
Transformer_(deep_learning)
Company in Florida, United States
feet of industrial development. Flagler Global Logistics flagship multimodal distribution complex—South Florida Logistics Center—is located adjacent to the
Flagler_Global_Logistics
2026 Android mobile operating system
foundation model lifecycles entirely on the hardware architecture. Gemini Nano Multimodal Operations: The default localized model framework natively interprets
Android_17
Large language model developed by Huawei
also known as openPangu (Chinese: 盘古大模型; pinyin: pángǔ dà móxíng) is a multimodal large language model developed by Huawei. It was officially launched on
Huawei_PanGu
Family of large language models by Google
and 27 billion parameter sizes with support for over 140 languages. As multimodal models, they support both text and image input. Google also offers Gemma 3n –
Gemma_(language_model)
Italian mathematician (born 1957)
transportation (with E. Angelelli, V. Morandi) Optimization in multimodal distribution problems: a survey, to appear in European Journal of Operational
M._Grazia_Speranza
Probabilistic problem-solving algorithm
probability in the model space may not be easy to describe (it may be multimodal, some moments may not be defined, etc.).[citation needed] When analyzing
Monte_Carlo_method
German and American economist (born 1971)
work led to a novel model for economic forecasting, under which multimodal distributions (allowing both "good" and "bad" outcomes) arise naturally under
Tobias_Adrian
Former American multinational freight transportation and logistics company
operating units provided less-than-truckload (LTL), full truckload and multimodal freight transportation, as well as logistics, warehousing and supply chain
Con-way
Dickson, Ben (22 May 2024). "Meta introduces Chameleon, a state-of-the-art multimodal model". VentureBeat. "chameleon/LICENSE at e3b711ef63b0bb3a129cf0cf0918e36a32f26e2c
List_of_large_language_models
Railway line in New Zealand
from the large private container distribution centre located at Clifton. In 2016 a new port owned multimodal distribution centre was completed on an unused
Bluff_Branch
Medical condition
females and individuals of Black ethnicity. Treatment of PN follows a multimodal, stepwise approach, ranging from topical corticosteroids and phototherapy
Prurigo_nodularis
Technique for the generative modeling of a continuous probability distribution
distribution. This is studied in "non-equilibrium" thermodynamics, as the starting distribution is not in equilibrium, unlike the final distribution.
Diffusion_model
Technique in neural networks for learning joint representations of text and images
highest dot product is outputted. CLIP has been used as a component in multimodal learning. For example, during the training of Google DeepMind's Flamingo
Contrastive Language–Image Pre-training
Contrastive_Language–Image_Pre-training
Chatbot developed by Google
0 Flash supported native multimodal outputs, including generated images and text-to-speech audio, in addition to multimodal inputs. It also introduced
Google_Gemini
British multimodal logistics company
Eddie Stobart Limited is a British multimodal logistics company, with interests in road haulage, rail freight, deep sea and inland waterway transport systems
Stobart_(logistics_company)
Text-to-video model
generation Multimodal audiovisual synthesis High-resolution spatial and temporal coherence Configurable quality/performance settings Open-source distribution of
LTX_(text-to-video_model)
Effort being used in the working memory
Robinson, Peter (2009). Multimodal inference for driver-vehicle interaction. Proceedings of the 2009 international conference on Multimodal interfaces (ICMI-MLMI
Cognitive_load
AI that generates content
physical environments, including spatial and dynamic properties. Recent multimodal systems have expanded these capabilities by integrating vision, language
Generative_AI
Most populous city in Pennsylvania, US
hub in the nation with over 4.1 million passengers in 2023. The city's multimodal transportation and logistics infrastructure includes Philadelphia International
Philadelphia
Subdiscipline of statistics
Kuiper's test for possibly multimodal data. Circular correlation coefficient Complex normal distribution Wrapped distribution Hamelryck, Thomas; Kent, John
Directional_statistics
Smooth approximation of one-hot arg max
exponential function, converts a tuple of K real numbers into a probability distribution over K possible outcomes. It is a generalization of the logistic function
Softmax_function
Country in Southeast Asia and Oceania
Retrieved 19 March 2021. Farid Adilazuarda, M.; et al. (2025). "NusaAksara: A Multimodal and Multilingual Benchmark for Preserving Indonesian Indigenous Scripts"
Indonesia
Measuring device on physical interaction
more than one sensing strategy. For example, they might detect both the distribution of pressures, and the pattern of forces that would come from pressure
Tactile_sensor
Machine learning technique
Transformer architecture (2017-06-12), and they were combined into a multimodal architecture called MultiModel published 4 days later (2017-06-16). Vanilla
Mixture_of_experts
Large language model by Meta AI
benchmarks. Meta also announced plans to make Llama 3 multilingual and multimodal, better at coding and reasoning, and to increase its context window. Regarding
Llama_(language_model)
Species of spider
John P (2023-05-14). Pinter-Wollman, Noa (ed.). "Functionally redundant multimodal predator cues elicit changes in prey foraging behavior". Behavioral Ecology
Tibellus_oblongus
Transparent display presenting data within normal sight lines of the user
(2020). "Interactive gaze and finger controlled HUD for cars". Journal on Multimodal User Interfaces. 14: 101–121. doi:10.1007/s12193-019-00316-9. ISSN 1783-8738
Head-up_display
Subset of artificial intelligence
for optimal data compression (by using arithmetic coding on the output distribution). Conversely, an optimal compressor can be used for prediction (by finding
Machine_learning
Most common thermoplastic polymer
particularly transparent and heat resistant. Polyethylene with multimodal molecular weight distribution consists of several polymer fractions, which are mixed
Polyethylene
Movement or transport of seeds away from the parent plant
Huarcaya, Ruthmery; Whitworth, Andy (January 2023). "First evidence for multimodal animal seed dispersal in orchids". Current Biology. 33 (2): 364–371.e3
Seed_dispersal
Fiction genre depicting male same-sex relationships
2012. Burn, Andrew; Schott, Gareth (2004). "Heavy Hero or Digital Dummy? Multimodal Player–Avatar Relations in Final Fantasy 7" (PDF). Visual Communication
Boys'_love
Logistics company based in Hong Kong, China
logistics, international freight forwarding (air, ocean, road, rail and multimodal) and e-commerce to industrial project logistics and infrastructure investment
KLN_(company)
Field of machine learning
randomly selecting actions, without reference to an estimated probability distribution, shows poor performance. The case of (small) finite Markov decision processes
Reinforcement_learning
Sequential model-based optimization of expensive black-box functions
Stochastic methods are also used for this auxiliary search, especially for multimodal or mixed-variable criteria. Examples include genetic algorithms and other
Bayesian_optimization
French transport and logistics company
logistics company of CMA CGM. It offers five types of services, including multimodal transport, customs and regulatory compliance, logistics, global supply
Bolloré_Logistics
Management of the flow of resources
combined in various ways such as intermodal transport (no handling), multimodal transport, and combined transport (minimal road transport). A shipper
Logistics
Evolutionary algorithm
[2] Hansen N, Kern S (2004). Evaluating the CMA evolution strategy on multimodal test functions. In Xin Yao et al., editors, Parallel Problem Solving from
CMA-ES
Physics experiment
diffraction, tunneling, quantized orbits, orbital level splitting, spin, and multimodal statistics. It is also possible to infer uncertainty relations and exclusion
Double-slit_experiment
Family of spiders
front of the female, concluding that some Schizocosa species rely on multimodal courtship behaviors. The Lycosidae comprise mainly wandering spiders,
Wolf_spider
IBM mainframe transaction monitor
Production Company in Tulsa Oklahoma. It was then given back to IBM for free distribution to others. Customer Information Control System (CICS) stands as one of
CICS
Computational model used in machine learning
P(c_{t}|s_{t})} , the observation distribution P ( x t | s t ) {\displaystyle \textstyle P(x_{t}|s_{t})} and the transition distribution P ( s t + 1 | s t , a t
Neural network (machine learning)
Neural_network_(machine_learning)
American comic book publisher
Wildfeuer, Janina (July 3, 2018). Empirical Comics Research: Digital, Multimodal, and Cognitive Methods. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-73388-5. Archived from
Marvel_Comics
Video-generating machine learning model
released in May 2025, can also generate accompanying audio. In May 2024, a multimodal video generation model called Veo was announced at Google I/O 2024. Google
Veo_(text-to-video_model)
Indian logistics company
interests in container freight stations, international supply chain, express distribution, and contract logistics. In June 2023 Allcargo re-designates Shashi Kiran
Allcargo_Logistics
Distributed operating system
SDK API 12, in a form of full development kit. Native Generative AI and Multimodal learning LLM Voice Assistant Celia/XiaoYi [China & Global] – Powered by
HarmonyOS_5
Serotonin modulator antidepressant
Uncertainties remain about whether vortioxetine is indeed a clinically multimodal antidepressant or whether it is effectively "[just] another selective
Vortioxetine
Former American trucking and logistics company
Canadian Freightways Con-way Con-way Freight Con-way Truckload Con-way Multimodal Menlo Logistics Emery Worldwide Airlines Purolator Courier Corp. Freightliner
Consolidated_Freightways
Processing of natural language by a computer
also referred to as token classification. Sentiment analysis (see also Multimodal sentiment analysis) Sentiment analysis involves identifying and classifying
Natural_language_processing
Monte Carlo algorithm
accounts for the extra probability mass in that direction. (If a distribution is multimodal, the expected value may not return a meaningful point, and any
Gibbs_sampling
Branch of machine learning
Deep Learning - From Speech Analysis and Recognition To Language and Multimodal Processing'". Interspeech. Archived from the original on 2017-09-26. Retrieved
Deep_learning
Symbols for emotional cues in text
Cope, Bill (2020). Adding Sense: Context and Interest in a Grammar of Multimodal Meaning. Cambridge University Press. p. 33. ISBN 978-1-108-49534-9. Cope
Emoji
Deep learning generative model to encode data representation
example, as a multivariate Gaussian distribution) that corresponds to the parameters of a variational distribution. Thus, the encoder maps each point (such
Variational_autoencoder
American multinational technology company
mitigation. In October 2024, Nvidia introduced a family of open-source multimodal large language models called NVLM 1.0, which features a flagship version
Nvidia
Malaysian rail operator
travel". The Straits Times. "Multimodal Freight Sdn. Bhd. Company Info". KTM berhad. [permanent dead link] "KTM Distribution (Kiriman Ekspres) Closing Down
Keretapi_Tanah_Melayu
System and process
Urban freight distribution is the system and process by which goods are collected, transported, and distributed within urban environments. The urban freight
Urban_freight_distribution
Sister companies included Con-way Freight, Con-way Truckload, and Con-way Multimodal. The idea for Menlo Logistics was developed in the late 1980s. At that
Menlo_Logistics
Graphical technique in statistics
sample from a uniform distribution – it has an S shape. Histogram of a sample from a uniform distribution – it looks multimodal and supposedly roughly
Normal_probability_plot
AI research laboratory
WavenetEQ out to Google Duo users. Released in May 2022, Gato is a polyvalent multimodal model. It was trained on 604 tasks, such as image captioning, dialogue
Google_DeepMind
French logistics company
SDV UK Ltd. More recently, SDV acquired the majority stake in Italian multimodal transport operator Getco, headquartered in Milan, Italy. With a workforce
SDV_International_Logistics
Species of orchid
Huarcaya, Ruthmery; Whitworth, Andy (January 2023). "First evidence for multimodal animal seed dispersal in orchids". Current Biology. 33 (2): 364–371.e3
Vanilla_planifolia
Genre of art
from OpenAI, launched in March 2025, introduced new text rendering and multimodal capabilities, enabling image generation from diverse inputs like sketches
AI_art
Search engine from Google
model, which enhances the system's reasoning capabilities and supports multimodal inputs, including text, images, and voice. Initially, AI Mode was available
Google_Search
Similarity measure for number sequences
them. Null distribution: For data which can be negative as well as positive, the null distribution for cosine similarity is the distribution of the dot
Cosine_similarity
Deep learning method
_{\text{ref}}} , that is, to match its own output distribution as closely as possible to the reference distribution. The discriminator's task is to output a value
Generative adversarial network
Generative_adversarial_network
Linux distribution
the original on 7 August 2020. Retrieved 24 July 2018. "SUSE Introduces Multimodal OS to Bridge Traditional and Software-Defined Infrastructure - SUSE Communities"
SUSE_Linux_Enterprise
Synthetic opioid pain medication
and codeine, it was less effective than methadone, COX inhibitors and multimodal analgesia with poor evidence to support the use of it is an analgesic
Tramadol
Form of 3D computer interaction merging the real world with virtual objects
Mixed reality game – Types of electronic games involving reality and VR Multimodal interaction – Form of human-machine interaction using multiple modes of
Augmented_reality
MULTIMODAL DISTRIBUTION
MULTIMODAL DISTRIBUTION
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from a place in Devon, recorded in Domesday Book as Loba, apparently a topographical term meaning perhaps ‘lump’, ‘hill’, the village being situated at the bottom of a hill. There is also a place of the same name in Oxfordshire (recorded in 1208 as Lobbe), but the historical and contemporary distribution of the surname (which is still largely restricted to Devon), makes it unlikely that it ever derived from this place, or from Middle English, Old English lobbe ‘spider’.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : apparently a habitational name from places named Rushford in Devon, Norfolk, and Warwickshire. However, in view of the present-day distribution of the surname, a more likely source is Ryshworth in Bingley, West Yorkshire, which was earlier called Rushford (from Old English rysc ‘rushes’ + ford ‘ford’).
Surname or Lastname
English (Lincolnshire)
English (Lincolnshire) : unexplained. Black identified this as a Scottish name of Pictish origin. However, the modern distribution of the surname, almost exclusively in Lincolnshire and adjoining counties, suggests a more localized eastern English origin.
Surname or Lastname
English (chiefly West Midlands)
English (chiefly West Midlands) : habitational name from any of the various places so called, from Old English sūð ‘south’ + halh ‘nook’, ‘recess’. The distribution of the surname in Britain makes a Midlands origin likely: places called Southall in Doverdale, Worcestershire, and Billingsley, Shropshire, are possible sources.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from either of two places in Devon named Hunnacott, from either the Old English personal name HunÄ or Old English hunig ‘honey’ + cot ‘cottage’. There is also a place named Huncoat in Lancashire, which has the same origin, but the distribution of the surname in England suggests that it probably did not contribute to the surname.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : of uncertain origin. Reaney suggests that it may be habitational name from Wincheap Street in Canterbury, but this origin is not supported by the present-day distribution of the surname, which is heavily concentrated in northeastern England.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from places in Lancashire and Sussex. The former seems from the present-day distribution of the surname to be the major source, and is named from Old English scingel ‘shingle(s)’ + tūn ‘enclosure’, ‘settlement’; the latter gets its name from Old English sengel ‘burnt clearing’ + tūn.
Surname or Lastname
English (West Yorkshire)
English (West Yorkshire) : topographic name for someone who lived in a long valley, from Middle English long + botme, bothem ‘valley bottom’. Given the surname’s present-day distribution, Longbottom in Luddenden Foot, West Yorkshire, may be the origin, but there are also two places called Long Bottom in Hampshire, two in Wiltshire, and Longbottom Farm in Somerset and in Wiltshire.
Surname or Lastname
English (Devon)
English (Devon) : unexplained. Reaney and Wilson suggest that this may be from an Anglo-Scandinavian personal name Tukka, but the distribution in England makes a Scandinavian connection unlikely.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from a place in West Yorkshire, probably named with the genitive case of the Old English personal name StÄn ‘stone’, a byname or short form of any of various compound names with this as the first element (compare, for example, Stammer, Stannard) + Old English feld ‘pasture’, ‘open country’.English : alternatively, it may be a topographic name from Middle English stanesfeld ‘open country of the (standing) stone’, with reference to a prominent monolith. There are other places so called, for example in Suffolk, but the distribution suggests that the one in Yorkshire is the source of the surname.
Surname or Lastname
English (Lancashire)
English (Lancashire) : habitational name from a place so called, perhaps Forshaw Heath in Solihull, Warwickshire, although the modern distribution is much further north.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from any of various places named with this word: Hazleton Bottom (Hertfordshire), Hazleton Wood (Essex), or Hazelton (Gloucestershire), which is named from Old English hæsel ‘hazel’ + tūn ‘farmstead’, ‘settlement’. The present-day distribution of the surname points to the places in Essex and Gloucester as the likely sources.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from places so called in North Yorkshire, Hampshire, and Kent. The Yorkshire place is named from the Old English personal name Hūna + tūn ‘enclosure’, ‘settlement’; that in Hampshire from the genitive plural of hund ‘hound’ + tūn ‘enclosure’, ‘settlement’; and the Kentish place from Old English huntena, genitive plural of hunta ‘hunter’ + dūn ‘hill’. The present-day distribution shows clusters in North and South Yorkshire, and also in Norfolk.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from a place named in Old English with hÄlig ‘holy’ + Old English feld ‘open country’. This may be Holyfield in Essex (which belonged to Waltham Abbey), but the present-day distribution of the name (mainly in the Midlands and Wales) suggests that another source may be involved.
Surname or Lastname
English (Cambridge)
English (Cambridge) : unexplained; perhaps a habitational name from a lost or unidentified place. There are two places in England called Warland, in Durham and West Yorkshire, but the distribution of the modern surname suggests that a different souce is most probably involved.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Dearham in Cumbria or Dyrham in Gloucestershire, named from Old English dÄ“or ‘deer’ + hÄm ‘settlement’, ‘homestead’, or hamm ‘enclosure hemmed in by water’, ‘river meadow’. There are places in Norfolk called East and West Dereham, which have the same etymology. However, the present-day distribution of the surname suggests that they probably did not contribute to the surname.Irish (mainly Dublin, Drogheda, and Cork) : of English origin, but MacLysaght takes this to be a variant of Durham.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : of uncertain derivation. The 18th-century parish registers of Marske, North Yorkshire, record the surname Hartburn with the variant Harburn; Harben may be a further variant of this. If so, its origin is probably topographic or habitational, from East Hartburn in Stockton-on-Tees or Hartburn in Northumberland, both named from Old English heorot ‘hart’ + burna ‘steam’. However, this conjecture is not borne out by the distribution of the surname a century later, when it occurs chiefly in Cambridgeshire and London and also with a significant presence in the Channel Islands, perhaps suggesting that it could be a variant of Harpin.
Surname or Lastname
English (Yorkshire)
English (Yorkshire) : apparently a habitational name from a lost or unidentified minor place in West Yorkshire, probably in the parish of Halifax, to judge by the distribution of early occurrences of the surname.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name for someone from a place called Elham, in Kent, or a lost place of this name in Crayford, Kent. The first is derived from Old English Ç£l ‘eel’ + hÄm ‘homestead’ or hamm ‘enclosure hemmed in by water’. There is also an Elam Grange in Bingley, West Yorkshire, but the current distribution of the name in the British Isles suggests that it did not contribute significantly to the surname.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from the place in Bedfordshire (named in Old English as ‘settlement (Old English tūn) on the (river) Lea’), or, more plausibly in view of the pattern of distribution, from Luton in Devon (near Teignmouth), named in Old English as ‘Lēofgifu’s settlement’ (from an Old English female personal name composed of the elements lēof ‘dear’, ‘beloved’ + gifu ‘gift’). A further possible source of the name is Luton in Kent, named as the ‘settlement of Lēofa’.
MULTIMODAL DISTRIBUTION
MULTIMODAL DISTRIBUTION
MULTIMODAL DISTRIBUTION
MULTIMODAL DISTRIBUTION
MULTIMODAL DISTRIBUTION
MULTIMODAL DISTRIBUTION
MULTIMODAL DISTRIBUTION