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Type of artificial intelligence model trained on Earth observation and geoscientific data
A geospatial foundation model (GFM), also referred to as an Earth observation foundation model, represents a paradigm shift in Earth system modeling by
Geospatial_foundation_model
Nonprofit organisation for mapping
The Open Source Geospatial Foundation (OSGeo), is a non-profit non-governmental organization whose mission is to support and promote the collaborative
Open Source Geospatial Foundation
Open_Source_Geospatial_Foundation
Topics referred to by the same term
of Markdown GoFundMe, a popular crowdfunding website Geospatial foundation model, foundation models used in geoscience Gesellschaft für Musikforschung (GfM)
GFM
Standards organization
The Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) is an international voluntary consensus standards organization that develops and maintains international standards
Open_Geospatial_Consortium
System to capture, manage, and present geographic data
sources List of GIS software Map database management Open Source Geospatial Foundation Quantitative geography Technical geography Tobler's first law of
Geographic_information_system
Translator library for raster and vector geospatial data formats
software license by the Open Source Geospatial Foundation. As a library, it presents a single abstract data model to the calling application for all supported
GDAL
American-based company
computing company headquartered in San Francisco. The company develops geospatial world models that gives machines understanding of the physical world through
Niantic_Spatial
The OGC Reference Model describes a framework for the ongoing work of the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) and their specifications and implementing interoperable
OGC_Reference_Model
processing and curation alongside model training. Reported projects in this area include: A geospatial foundation model developed with IBM and tailored
Hartree_Centre
Database management system
stores and graphs are popular. Arguably, geospatial data, temporal data, and text data are also separate models, though indexed, queryable text data is
Multi-model_database
Metadata used for describing geospatial data
Geospatial metadata (also geographic metadata) is a type of metadata applicable to geographic data and information. Such objects may be stored in a geographic
Geospatial_metadata
Geographic information systems (GIS) play a constantly evolving role in geospatial intelligence (GEOINT) and United States national security. These technologies
GIS in geospatial intelligence
GIS_in_geospatial_intelligence
Iranian-American computer scientist
Shushman Choudhury, Neha Arora, Cyrus Shahabi: Toward Foundation Models for Mobility Enriched Geospatially Embedded Objects. SIGSPATIAL/GIS 2025: 774-779 Maria
Cyrus_Shahabi
List of projects maintained by the Apache Software Foundation
of Apache Software Foundation projects includes the software development initiatives maintained by the Apache Software Foundation (ASF). In addition to
List of Apache Software Foundation projects
List_of_Apache_Software_Foundation_projects
3D computer-generated imagery and measurements of terrain
A digital elevation model (DEM) or digital surface model (DSM) is a 3D computer graphics representation of elevation data to represent terrain or overlaying
Digital_elevation_model
history". GRASS GIS. Open Source Geospatial Foundation. Morehouse, Scott (1985). "ARC/INFO: A geo-relational model for spatial information" (PDF). Proceedings
Geographic information system software
Geographic_information_system_software
Process for digital management of built assets
Building information modeling (BIM) is an approach involving the generation and management of digital representations of the physical and functional characteristics
Building_information_modeling
Python package for street network analysis
open-source Python package for downloading, modeling, analyzing, and visualizing street networks and other geospatial features from OpenStreetMap. It represents
OSMnx
Open source column-oriented RDBMS
S3-compatible object storage (including Azure write support since v1.5) spatial — geospatial functions (ST_* family); GEOMETRY became a built-in core type in v1.5
DuckDB
Publishing digital resources with their source files
largest open AI model, closing in on US rivals, retrieved 31 July 2026 Alibaba unveils its largest AI model yet, DeepSeek's latest model is ultra-low cost
Open_source
Visual modeling and design tool
Geoscience Markup Language GeoSciML Geospatial Interoperability Specification ISO/TC 211 ArcGIS Pipeline Data Model (APDM) International Defence Enterprise
Enterprise Architect (software)
Enterprise_Architect_(software)
Geographic data discipline
involved in the collection, integration and management of geographic (geospatial) data. Surveying engineering was the common name used for geomatics engineering
Geomatics
Technical standard for retrieval of GIS data
The Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) Web Coverage Service (WCS) Interface Standard defines a web-based interface for the retrieval of coverages—that is
Web_Coverage_Service
Technical standard for retrieving GIS data
notification model This model uses the OGC Web Notification Service to send update notifications to registered clients. Open Source Geospatial Foundation Web Coverage
Web_Feature_Service
American geographer and spatial statistician
and other disciplines. Griffith is Ashbel Smith Professor Emeritus of Geospatial Information Sciences at the University of Texas at Dallas. Since 2021
Daniel_A._Griffith
city model contents (e.g., virtualcityWarehouse). The Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) defines an explicit XML-based exchange format for 3D city models, CityGML
3D_city_model
by the National Science Foundation's Office of Polar Programs. Founded in 2007, the Polar Geospatial Center "provides geospatial support, mapping, and GIS/remote
Polar_Geospatial_Center
American government official (born 1971)
of Visitors, an appointed NGA Liaison to the United States Geospatial Intelligence Foundation Board of Directors and Spelman College Center of Excellence
Stacey_Dixon
Programming language for statistics
Universidad de Alcalá. Hewitt, Christopher (1 April 2024). "Exploring Canadian Geospatial Data with GeoPandas in Colab Notebooks". Bulletin - Association of Canadian
R_(programming_language)
Kiran of IIIT-Hyderabad. The text-based foundation model will be released first, followed by speech and video models. In addition to licensing commercial
Artificial intelligence in India
Artificial_intelligence_in_India
MariaDB Foundation Mozilla Foundation NetBSD Foundation .NET Foundation Open Compute Project OpenForum Europe OpenJS Foundation Open Source Geospatial Foundation
List of free and open-source software packages
List_of_free_and_open-source_software_packages
List of notable software written in or for the C++ programming language
and text classification library FLTK — GUI toolkit Geospatial Data Abstraction Library — geospatial data access library General Polygon Clipper — polygon
List of C++ software and tools
List_of_C++_software_and_tools
2015 technical standard for IoT
SensorThings API is an Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) standard providing an open and unified framework to interconnect IoT sensing devices, data, and
SensorThings_API
Partition of Earth's surface into subdivided cells
Discrete global grids are used as the geometric basis for the building of geospatial data structures. Each cell is related with data objects or values, or
Discrete_global_grid
Aeronautical data exchange format
establishing a modular and extensible foundation for future growth. It aligned the format with ISO 19100 geospatial standards, including compliance with
AIXM
XML grammar for geographical features
XML grammar defined by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) to express geographical features. GML serves as a modeling language for geographic systems
Geography_Markup_Language
Geological Survey (USGS), but since 2019-11-26 is an Open Source Geospatial Foundation (OSGeo) project maintained by the PROJ Project Steering Committee
PROJ
Open-source Java software library
GIS A cross-platform open source GIS software DE-9IM, a topological model Geospatial topology "Release 1.20.0". 30 August 2024. Retrieved 22 September 2024
JTS_Topology_Suite
geographic information systems (GIS) and spatial databases for purposes of geospatial analysis and cartographic mapping. This list categorizes the sources of
List_of_GIS_data_sources
US AI military intelligence program
intelligence, surveillance, target acquisition, and reconnaissance as well as in geospatial intelligence. It initially focused on applying computer vision for processing
Project_Maven
Source available in-memory key–value database
documents, and use a rich query language for vector search, full-text search, geospatial queries, and aggregations. Redis Pub/Sub (short for publish/subscribe)
Redis
Collaborative fantasy map
loaded into applications such as gvSIG for geospatial analysis. In 2018, OpenGeofiction data was used to model urban population movements in a hypothetical
OpenGeofiction
Geospatial extension for SPARQL
GeoSPARQL is a model for representing and querying geospatial linked data for the Semantic Web. It is standardized by the Open Geospatial Consortium as
GeoSPARQL
Cloud computing term regarding readily-available data for consumers
The Future Of Weather Forecasting", Forbes "Exploring PBBI's Vision for Geospatial Data as a Service (podcast)". Directions Magazine. Archived from the original
Data_as_a_service
Spatial scientist, modeler, and author
years at TU-Dresden (Germany) where he undertook research to develop geospatial modelling tools for landslide hazard and risk assessment Pradhan has been an
Biswajeet_Pradhan
Data about other data
administration portion of the standard. The Geospatial community has a tradition of specialized geospatial metadata standards, particularly building on
Metadata
Department at Emory University, Eco Companion Australasia (an environmental geospatial resources catalog), Australian National Genomic Information Service (ANGIS)
Isearch
Austrian historian (born 1966)
The Stanford Geospatial Network Model of the Roman World. He has been awarded a New Directions Fellowship of the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation and a Guggenheim
Walter_Scheidel
Vector-based collection of geographic information system (GIS) data about Earth
The National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA) is renamed to National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency which will include other mapping agencies such as
Vector_Map
Application of computer graphics to create or contribute to images
devices. Coupled with 3D graphics symbols and mapped to a common virtual geospatial model, these animated visualizations constitute the first true application
Computer-generated_imagery
3D digital replica of Singapore
achieve a modeling accuracy of 0.3 metres and save over 3000 resource days and related expenditures. Ng Siau Yong, Director of the Geospatial Division
Virtual_Singapore
Free and open-source geospatial processing engine
Geospatial Foundation and is fiscally sponsored by NumFOCUS. GRASS supports raster and vector data in two and three dimensions. The vector data model
GRASS_GIS
U.S. government AI system
"The GEOINT 2013 Symposium, Day 4" (PDF). United States Geospatial Intelligence Foundation via Trajectory Magazine. April 13, 2013. Archived (PDF) from
Sentient (intelligence analysis system)
Sentient_(intelligence_analysis_system)
Economic principle
(2011),"Zipf's law for all the natural cities in the United States: a geospatial perspective", International Journal of Geographical Information Science
Gibrat's_law
Windows GIS and remote sensing software
(1100–1166). In June 2020 Clark Labs released the TerrSet 2020 Geospatial Monitoring and Modeling software, version 19. Besides its primary research and scientific
TerrSet
Energy system models that are open source
energy-system models are energy-system models that are open source. Some may use third-party proprietary software as part of their workflows. These models seek
Open_energy_system_models
Discrete phenomenon that exists at a location on Earth
Reference Model and Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) Simple Features Specification, international standards that form the basis for most modern geospatial technologies
Geographical_feature
Collaborative map database
OpenStreetMap Foundation was established to encourage the growth, development and distribution of free geospatial data and provide geospatial data for anybody
OpenStreetMap
Mountain in Smith Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica
Smith, M.-J. Noh and P. Morin. Reference Elevation Model of Antarctica (REMA). Polar Geospatial Center. University of Minnesota, 2022 (Antarctic REMA
Mount_Foster
1969 law by Waldo Tobler
S2CID 19172678. De Smith, Michael John; Goodchild, Michael F.; Longley, Paul. Geospatial Analysis: A Comprehensive Guide to Principles, Techniques and Software
Tobler's first law of geography
Tobler's_first_law_of_geography
3D Internet global map program
Intelligence Agency's venture capital firm, In-Q-Tel, and the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, for use with defense mapping databases, which gave
Google_Earth
Database software
application development. Ingres Geospatial was community-based project to create industry-standards-compliant geospatial storage features in the Ingres
Ingres_(database)
Electro-optical instrument used in surveying and building construction
North Group LTD (historical) Sokkia, part of Topcon South Group Spectra Geospatial, part of Trimble Navigation Ltd. Stonex (company) TI Asahi Co. Ltd, sold
Total_station
Tracking method in satellite imagery
tipping and queing, is a method in satellite imagery, remote sensing, and geospatial intelligence in which one sensor, satellite, or platform identifies an
Tip_and_cue
Information as knowledge of the enemy
knowing where that target will be in the future. Geospatial intelligence combines the practices of geospatial science with intelligence. GEOINT layers raw
Intelligence_(information)
Software with publicly available source code
composition analysis Digital public goods Open Source Physics Open Source Geospatial Foundation Journal of Open Source Software Open Source Day Open Source Developers'
Open-source_software
German computer scientist
and 19123-3 founding member and chair, CODATA Germany Open Source Geospatial Foundation (OSGeo) Charter Member Baumann obtained a degree in Computer Science
Peter Baumann (computer scientist)
Peter_Baumann_(computer_scientist)
Scientific discipline
Consortium for Geographic Information Science United States Geospatial Intelligence Foundation Journals GIScience & Remote Sensing International Journal
Geographic information science
Geographic_information_science
Visualization of geospatial data
or information transmission. To do this, geovisualization communicates geospatial information in ways that, when combined with human understanding, allow
Geovisualization
Simulated environment
mainland. SEAS "enables researchers and organizations to try out their models or techniques in a publicly known, realistically detailed environment."
Synthetic Environment for Analysis and Simulations
Synthetic_Environment_for_Analysis_and_Simulations
Canadian criminologist (born 1955)
holds the Endowed Chair in Criminology and is director of the Center for Geospatial Intelligence and Investigation. Since then, he has applied techniques
Kim_Rossmo
Geographic information system maintained by Esri
be shown with other geospatial data to further visualize the study area. Trace networks are used to evaluate connectivity models like railroads. Edges
ArcGIS
Security agencies of the Australian Government
Intelligence Community across geospatial information and mapping services including targeting foundation data, and three-dimensional modelling and visualisation products
Australian intelligence community
Australian_intelligence_community
Free and open-source object relational database management system
special-purpose database engine features, like those needed to support a geospatial or temporal database or features which emulate other database products
PostgreSQL
American ecohydrologist
Google published EEAGER (Earth Engine Automated Geospatial Element(s) Recognition), a machine learning model for identifying beaver dams in satellite and
Emily_Fairfax
Autonomous civic organization working under Ministry of Interior, Pakistan
Directorate One Window Operation Directorate Public Relations Directorate Geospatial Technology Wing Resource Center The Government of Pakistan appoints the
Capital Development Authority (Pakistan)
Capital_Development_Authority_(Pakistan)
Gradient boosting machine learning library
has been published by Tianqi Chen and Carlos Guestrin. While the XGBoost model often achieves higher accuracy than a single decision tree, it sacrifices
XGBoost
Emirati artificial intelligence company
Bayanat for Mapping and Surveying Services LLC, an end-to-end provider of geospatial data products and services. In 2020, state-owned Mubadala Investment Company
G42_(company)
Geology as a set of interacting processes
the prospect of widely shared concepts, structures and implementations. Geospatial cyberinfrastructure applications, which seem particularly relevant to
Systems_geology
throughout the nation. Hazus User Group members include emergency managers, Geospatial Information System (GIS) specialists, geologists, state and local planners
HAZUS
US-based software and services company
and defense agencies. Among other things, the software supports alerts, geospatial analysis, and prediction. Foreign customers include the Ukrainian military
Palantir
Foundation, and although originally developed for the health IT domain, is completely domain-independent, and has been used in geospatial modelling,
Archetype (information science)
Archetype_(information_science)
Mountain in Smith Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica
Smith, M.-J. Noh and P. Morin. Reference Elevation Model of Antarctica (REMA). Polar Geospatial Center. University of Minnesota, 2022 (Antarctic REMA
Mount_Pisgah_(Smith_Island)
Archipelagic country in Southeast Asia
Navigator: An Epitome of Navigation (Pub No. 9) (2019 ed.). National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. pp. 144–150. Greenlees, Donald and Arnold, Wayne
Philippines
Enterprise Miner SPSS Modeler STATISTICA Tanagra Vertica Apache Derby Apache Ignite ClickHouse CUBRID DuckDB Firebird FoundationDB Greenplum H2 HSQLDB
List_of_data_science_software
Island in Antarctica
Smith, M.-J. Noh and P. Morin. Reference Elevation Model of Antarctica (REMA). Polar Geospatial Center. University of Minnesota, 2022 (Antarctic REMA
Smith Island (South Shetland Islands)
Smith_Island_(South_Shetland_Islands)
City in Bangladesh
Persian Gulf and Red Sea (PDF). List of Lights. United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. 2016. Rowlett, Russ. "Lighthouses of Bangladesh"
Cox's_Bazar
3D modeling software
invented a number of techniques for procedural modeling of 3D architecture that make up the foundation of CityEngine. CityEngine publicly debuted at the
CityEngine
Type of geographic information system
Distributed GIS permits a shared services model, including data fusion (or mashups) based on Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) web services. Distributed
Distributed_GIS
Geospatial Intelligence Certificate accredited by the US Geospatial Intelligence Foundation (USGIF), a collection of many organizations including Raytheon
University of Texas at Dallas academic programs
University_of_Texas_at_Dallas_academic_programs
Mountain in South Shetland Islands, Antarctica
Smith, M.-J. Noh and P. Morin. Reference Elevation Model of Antarctica (REMA). Polar Geospatial Center. University of Minnesota, 2022 (Antarctic REMA
Tsarigrad_Peak
200 feet or 60 metres. In September 2018, researchers at the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency released a high resolution terrain map (detail down
Geography_of_Antarctica
American geographer and oceanographer
March 2016. Geospatial Solutions Staff (16 December 2015). "Esri scientist Dawn Wright delivers honors lecture at AGU meeting". Geospatial Solutions. North
Dawn_Wright
for statistics, European policy development and funding, and for other geospatial purposes is distinct from the jurisdictional powers given to the three
Political_divisions_of_Spain
The Advanced Technical Intelligence Association (ATIA), US Geospatial Intelligence Foundation (USGIF), Association of Old Crows (AOC), and others who are
Advanced Technical Intelligence Center
Advanced_Technical_Intelligence_Center
Architecture (HLA) Distributed Interactive Simulation (DIS) Open Source Geospatial Foundation Web Mapping Service (OSGeo) Tile Map Service (TMS) Simulation Interoperability
MAK_Technologies,_Inc.
Umbrella term for technical disciplines
advanced manufacturing, Automotive, construction, financial services, geospatial technology, homeland security, information technology, Transportation
Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics
Science,_technology,_engineering,_and_mathematics
Computer-aided design software
Peddie Research Publication, October 26, 2011. Get brisk with Bricscad, Geospatial Today "Menhirs NV Acquires Intellectual Property Rights from LEDAS". Archived
BricsCAD
Phase since 2022 of war ongoing since 2014
Russia. In April 2024, China was reported to have provided Russia with geospatial intelligence, machine tools for tanks, and propellants for missiles. In
Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)
Russo-Ukrainian_war_(2022–present)
Research programme
intervention (epidemiology) on COVID-19 Geospatial predictive modeling WorldPop develops statistical population modelling methods to produce gridded population
WorldPop_Project
GEOSPATIAL FOUNDATION-MODEL
GEOSPATIAL FOUNDATION-MODEL
GEOSPATIAL FOUNDATION-MODEL
GEOSPATIAL FOUNDATION-MODEL
GEOSPATIAL FOUNDATION-MODEL
GEOSPATIAL FOUNDATION-MODEL
GEOSPATIAL FOUNDATION-MODEL
GEOSPATIAL FOUNDATION-MODEL
GEOSPATIAL FOUNDATION-MODEL