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Test to guide treatment for cancer
Functional drug sensitivity testing (f-DST) is an in-vitro diagnostic test method in functional precision medicine. It was developed to personalize the
Functional drug sensitivity testing
Functional_drug_sensitivity_testing
Test based on scientific data to determine if a person is pregnant
A pregnancy test is used to determine whether a woman is pregnant or not. The two primary methods are testing for the pregnancy hormone (human chorionic
Pregnancy_test
Diagnostic testing for SARS-CoV-2 virus infection
study rejected the test in their clinical setting because of this low sensitivity. The WHO recommends countries that do not have testing capacity and national
COVID-19_testing
Gastrointestinal disorder
functional dyspepsia exhibit compromised fundus accommodation in reaction to duodenal distension. In functional dyspepsia, the stomach's sensitivity to
Functional_dyspepsia
Immunological test for tuberculosis
The Mantoux test (also called the Mendel–Mantoux test, tuberculin sensitivity test, or PPD test) is a method used to screen for tuberculosis (TB) infection
Mantoux_test
Medical condition
caused by dietary salicylates. There is no laboratory test for salicylate sensitivity. Typically testing is done by an "elimination challenge," to see if symptoms
Salicylate_sensitivity
Impairment diagnostic technology
assess whether an individual is functionally impaired at a given moment, regardless of the cause. Unlike drug and alcohol tests that detect substances or their
Impairment detection technology
Impairment_detection_technology
Ultrasound technique
pharmacological studies when testing drugs. Seed-based maps, independent component analysis of resting states modes or functional connectivity matrix between
Functional_ultrasound_imaging
Theory about 3 brain-behavioral systems that underlie individual sensitivities
Reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST) proposes three brain-behavioral systems that underlie individual differences in sensitivity to reward, punishment
Reinforcement sensitivity theory
Reinforcement_sensitivity_theory
Measure the amount of a target entity
the range of linearity of the standard curve), analytic sensitivity, functional sensitivity, analytic specificity, positive, negative predictive values
Assay
Psychoactive drug from the cannabis plant
oral fluid or sweat using chromatographic techniques as part of a drug use testing program or a forensic investigation of a traffic or other criminal
Cannabis_(drug)
Controversial medical diagnosis
Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) is an unrecognized and controversial diagnosis characterized by chronic symptoms attributed to exposure to low levels
Multiple_chemical_sensitivity
Burning sensation felt behind the breastbone
lack of sleep may make heartburn feel worse by increasing the body's sensitivity to symptoms. The differential diagnosis, a process used by healthcare
Heartburn
Statistical test used on paired nominal data
to assess a diagnostic test in medical sciences are sensitivity and specificity. Sensitivity (or recall) is the ability of a test to correctly identify
McNemar's_test
like optical properties and stimulus-sensitivity which can potentially be very helpful to medical (especially drug delivery and stem cell engineering)
Nanocomposite_hydrogels
Visual impairment
better explained by another disorder (ophthalmological, drug abuse). Normal ophthalmology tests (best-corrected visual acuity, dilated fundus examination
Visual_snow_syndrome
Chemical substance that alters brain function
A psychoactive drug, psychopharmaceutical, mind-altering drug, consciousness-altering drug, psychoactive substance, or psychotropic substance is a chemical
Psychoactive_drug
Blood test that evaluates clotting
self-testing/self-management devices give INR results which are comparable with those obtained in laboratory testing." Medicare coverage for home testing of
Prothrombin_time
Use of toxicology for investigations
Forensic Drug Testing (FDT). Postmortem toxicology involves analyzing biological specimens obtained during an autopsy to identify the impact of drugs, alcohol
Forensic_toxicology
MRI procedure that measures brain activity by detecting associated changes in blood flow
recovers partially from a stroke, and test how well a drug or behavioral therapy works. Mapping of functional areas and understanding lateralization
Functional magnetic resonance imaging
Functional_magnetic_resonance_imaging
Diet excluding proteins found in wheat, barley, and rye
gluten-related disorders, including coeliac disease (CD), non-coeliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), and wheat allergy. In these people, the gluten-free diet is demonstrated
Gluten-free_diet
Disorder resulting in compulsive behaviors
[nucleus accumbens] neurons increases an animal's sensitivity to drug as well as natural rewards and promotes drug self-administration, presumably through a process
Addiction
Partial or complete wasting away of a part of the body
body has no further functional biological need to maintain the reproductive system which it has permanently shut down. One drug in test seemed to prevent
Atrophy
Phase of clinical research in medicine
Blood sampling Urine sampling Weight and height measurement Drug abuse testing Pregnancy testing It has been observed that participants in clinical trials
Clinical_trial
Atypical opioid drug
signaling over β-arrestin2 recruitment at this receptor. In addition, the drug appears to also act as a MOR positive allosteric modulator, with this possibly
SR-17018
Test for the presence for occult blood
older low-sensitivity, guaiac-based fecal occult blood testing (gFOBT) with either newer high-sensitivity guaiac-based fecal occult blood testing (gFOBT)
Stool_guaiac_test
Testing for diseases or conditions in a fetus
Prenatal testing is a tool that can be used to detect some birth defects at various stages prior to birth. Prenatal testing consists of prenatal screening
Prenatal_testing
Biochemical modification of drugs or foreign compounds by living organisms
Drug metabolism is the metabolic breakdown of drugs by humans and animals, usually through specialized enzymatic systems. Drug metabolism represents a
Drug_metabolism
Experiment methodology
A/B testing (also known as bucket testing, split-run testing or split testing) is a user-experience research method. A/B tests consist of a randomized
A/B_testing
Test for Heliobacter pylori infection
accuracy of the test. The specificity and sensitivity of this test is high compared with urea breath test[citation needed]. The test is often done as
Rapid_urease_test
Functional gastrointestinal disorder
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by a group of symptoms that commonly include abdominal pain, abdominal
Irritable_bowel_syndrome
Autoantibody that binds to contents of the cell nucleus
Immunologic Testing, Guidelines (Dec 15, 2004). "Guidelines for immunologic laboratory testing in the rheumatic diseases: anti-Sm and anti-RNP antibody tests".
Antinuclear_antibody
Genetic form of macular degeneration
examination were found to be misdiagnosed when subsequent genetic testing was done. Genetic testing can be utilized to ensure a proper diagnosis for which the
Stargardt_disease
Abnormally increased sensitivity to pain
-algesia from Greek ἄλγος (algos) 'pain') is an abnormally increased sensitivity to pain, which may be caused by damage to nociceptors or peripheral nerves
Hyperalgesia
Autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks healthy tissue
people with rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, and drug sensitivities. Because of this, the LE cell test is now performed only rarely and is mostly of historical
Lupus
Need for a drug, whose discontinuation results in withdrawal symptoms
Substance dependence, also known as drug dependence, is a biopsychological situation whereby an individual's functionality is dependent on the necessitated
Substance_dependence
DNA mutation with no observable effect on an organism's phenotype
unusual conformation. Thus, the mutant pump is less functional. Deviations from average pain sensitivity are caused by both an ATG to GTG mutation (nonsynonymous)
Silent_mutation
Antibiotic medication
outcome of susceptibility testing of the sampled infection, and since it is no longer produced, it is also not routinely tested for any more. It also served
Methicillin
Medical condition
occur to naturally occurring chemicals in foods, as in salicylate sensitivity. Drugs sourced from plants, such as aspirin, can also cause these kinds of
Food_intolerance
Pharmaceutical compound
Daraxonrasib is an investigational new drug being developed by Revolution Medicines and evaluated for the treatment of solid tumours. It is an orally administered
Daraxonrasib
Active ingredient in fermented drinks
cancer" (PDF). Drug and Alcohol Review. 37 (3): 293–303. doi:10.1111/dar.12596. PMID 28881410. "AUDIT The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (Second Edition)"
Alcohol_(drug)
Failure of the brain to process input from one eye
recognition, poor visual acuity, and low sensitivity to contrast and motion. Amblyopia is characterized by several functional abnormalities in spatial vision,
Amblyopia
and around 250-280 ms. Finally, the two responses have different functional sensitivities and associated psychological correlates. The 3-stimulus oddball
P3a
Method of statistical inference
testing as a cookbook process. Hypothesis testing is also taught at the postgraduate level. Statisticians learn how to create good statistical test procedures
Statistical_hypothesis_test
Test for strep throat
the infection. The sensitivity of lateral flow RSTs is somewhat low at 65% to 80%. Therefore, a negative result from such a test cannot be used to exclude
Rapid_strep_test
Psychoactive drug, often called ecstasy
Chopra M, Kapoor A, et al. (2015). "Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Abstinent MDMA Users: A Review". Current Drug Abuse Reviews. 8 (1): 15–25. doi:10
MDMA
Form of animal testing
Cosmetic testing on animals is a type of animal testing used to test the safety and hypoallergenic properties of cosmetic products for use by humans.
Testing_cosmetics_on_animals
Progressive neurodegenerative disease
Alzheimer's disease earlier. As of 2025, 182 clinical trials were testing 138 drugs against multiple targets. Knopman DS, Amieva H, Petersen RC, Chételat
Alzheimer's_disease
Genetic disorder caused by a mutation of chromosome 15
aneuploidy-based gene signature to predict sensitivity of lung adenocarcinoma to traditional chemotherapy drugs and patients' prognosis". PeerJ. 12 e17545
Angelman_syndrome
Continual use of drugs despite negative consequences
[nucleus accumbens] neurons increases an animal's sensitivity to drug as well as natural rewards and promotes drug self-administration, presumably through a process
Substance_use_disorder
Blood in the feces that is not visibly apparent
(gFOBT) with either newer high-sensitivity guaiac-based fecal occult blood testing (hs gFOBT) or fecal immunochemical testing (FIT). MSTF looked at six studies
Fecal_occult_blood
Intense feelings of well-being
when associated with psychoactive drugs, manic states, or brain disease or injury. Hedonic hotspots are functionally interrelated neural substrates/structures
Euphoria
Diagnostic tools for latent tuberculosis infection
Quantiferon-TB test (QFT) was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as an aid for detecting latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. This test is
Quantiferon
Genetic disorder affecting mostly the lungs
not functional, secretions that are usually thin instead become thick. The condition is diagnosed by a sweat test and genetic testing. The sweat test measures
Cystic_fibrosis
Hearing loss caused by an inner ear or vestibulocochlear nerve defect
of a hearing test. The most common type of hearing test is pure tone audiometry (PTA). It charts the thresholds of hearing sensitivity at a selection
Sensorineural_hearing_loss
Dissociative hallucinogenic drug, mostly used recreationally
MXE: a comprehensive review of the non-medical use of dissociative drugs". Drug Testing and Analysis. 6 (7–8): 614–632. doi:10.1002/dta.1620. PMID 24678061
Phencyclidine
Medication used to treat hypertension and heart failure
Lisinopril is a medication belonging to the drug class of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and is used to treat hypertension (high blood
Lisinopril
Pain medication of the opiate family
functional group like ethyl and others to make codeine analogues of morphine-derived drugs and vice versa. Codeine analogues of morphine-based drugs often
Morphine
Bedside testing technology
Multiplexed point-of-care testing (xPOCT) is a more complex form of point-of-care testing (POCT), or bedside testing. Point-of-care testing is designed to provide
Multiplexed point-of-care testing
Multiplexed_point-of-care_testing
Hallucinogenic class of psychoactive drug
tolerance develops after a few days of consumption but sensitivity is restored after 3-4 days of drug abstinence [43, 61]. Vamvakopoulou IA, Narine KA, Campbell
Psychedelic_drug
Drug increasing motivation in humans
A motivation-enhancing drug, also known as a pro-motivational drug, is a drug which increases motivation. Drugs enhancing motivation can be used in the
Motivation-enhancing_drug
Medical condition
the bone marrow, and drug sensitivity, sulfa and valproate toxicities are examples. In some of these conditions, especially the drug-induced cases, it is
Pelger–Huët_anomaly
Medical condition that impairs normal functioning of bodily processes
cystitis; functional neurologic disorder; and multiple chemical sensitivity.[citation needed] Most medical specialties define their own functional somatic
Functional_disorder
Any disease or malfunction of the autonomic nervous system
and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome. Diagnosis is made by functional testing of the ANS, focusing on the affected organ system. Investigations
Dysautonomia
Excessive focus on distressing physical symptoms
previous workups,[clarification needed] minimal laboratory testing is encouraged. Excessive testing increases the possibility of false positive results, which
Somatic_symptom_disorder
Condition of impaired digestion
visceral afferent sensitivity, gastric delayed emptying (gastroparesis) or impaired accommodation to food. Diagnostic criteria for functional dyspepsia categorize
Indigestion
Head movement in rodents upon 5-HT2A receptor activation
psychedelic drugs. The HTR is one of the only behavioral paradigms for assessment of psychedelic-like effects in animals, with the other most notable test being
Head-twitch_response
Range of genetic and environmental risk factors for developing an addiction
[nucleus accumbens] neurons increases an animal's sensitivity to drug as well as natural rewards and promotes drug self-administration, presumably through a process
Addiction_vulnerability
Methods for checking conformance to requirements
Functional verification ISO 17025 Positive recall Process validation Software verification and validation Statistical model validation System testing
Verification_and_validation
Latin term meaning outside a natural biological environment
pharmacological testing has been used to characterize specific adsorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion processes of drugs or general chemicals
In_vitro
with other techniques have a wide range of uses in testing which include diagnostics as well as drug and environmental analysis. The purpose of determining
Chemiluminescent_immunoassay
Central nervous system stimulant
large number of functional outcomes across 9 categories of outcomes related to academics, antisocial behavior, driving, non-medicinal drug use, obesity,
Amphetamine
Group of cereal grain proteins
celiac disease in 1–2% of the general population, non-celiac gluten sensitivity in 0.5–13% of the general population, as well as dermatitis herpetiformis
Gluten
Medical diagnostic method
validated diagnostic test which allows a physician, usually a rheumatologist, to determine the effectiveness of a current drug therapy, or the need to
BASDAI
Medical condition
Dysfunction of the Achilles reflex is especially common. Third, gait testing includes testing a patient's ability to walk on their heels and toes. Patients with
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy
Chemotherapy-induced_peripheral_neuropathy
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
"A novel functional VKORC1 promoter polymorphism is associated with inter-individual and inter-ethnic differences in warfarin sensitivity". Human Molecular
VKORC1
Schizophrenia clinical assessment tool
its sensitivity to treatment effects. University of California, San Diego Performance-Based Skills Assessment VRFCAT-Virtual Reality Functional Capacity
SCoRS
Autoimmune disease resulting in skeletal muscle weakness
the acetylcholine receptor; the test has a reasonable sensitivity of 80–96%, but in ocular myasthenia, the sensitivity falls to 50%. A proportion of the
Myasthenia_gravis
Experimentation using other primate animals
methods are available. Testing on non-human primates is permitted for basic and applied research, quality and safety testing of drugs, food and other products
Animal testing on non-human primates
Animal_testing_on_non-human_primates
Inability to fully empty the rectum during bowel movements
(abbreviated as ODS, with many synonymous terms) is a major cause of functional constipation (primary constipation), of which it is considered a subtype
Obstructed_defecation
Vision loss due to damage to the macula of the eye
interest in understanding the functional consequences of rare mutations, which often have more pronounced effects. Genetic testing to guide clinical management
Macular_degeneration
Genetics research practice
system. Another type of phenotypic selection is drug sensitivity assays, which assess model survival under drug selection. Furthermore, reporter assays are
Multiplexed Assays of Variant Effect
Multiplexed_Assays_of_Variant_Effect
Statin medication
the market longer. The manufacturer responded by stating that few drugs had been tested so successfully on so many patients. In correspondence published
Rosuvastatin
Medical imaging technique
at morphological imaging and functional imaging. MRI does have several disadvantages though. First, MRI has a sensitivity of around 10−3 mol/L to 10−5
Magnetic_resonance_imaging
Any disorder of the nervous system
pollution, brain damage, spinal cord injury, nerve injury, and gluten sensitivity (with or without intestinal damage or digestive symptoms). Metal poisoning
Neurological_disorder
Pressure after a stenosis relative to pressure before
non-invasive (less drastic) alternatives exist, such as cardiac stress testing. In this test, physical exercise or intravenous medication (adenosine/dobutamine)
Fractional_flow_reserve
Unscientific healthcare practices
effects of) functional medical treatment. Significant drug interactions caused by alternative therapies may instead negatively impact functional treatment
Alternative_medicine
Chronic multi-symptomatic pain disorder
tender point testing. The revised criteria used a widespread pain index (WPI) and symptom severity scale (SSS) in place of tender point testing under the
Fibromyalgia
Autoimmune disorder
coeliac blood tests, positive HLA genetic testing, and a lack of villous atrophy. Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) is a functional disorder that causes
Coeliac_disease
Impurities that occur in the production of biopharmaceutical proteins
pharmaceutical products due to its high sensitivity to proteins, which allows it to detect the low levels of HCPs in produced drugs. Even though the developmental
Host_cell_protein
Fluid-filled sac in the ovary
is undertaken by pelvic examination with a pelvic ultrasound or other testing used to gather further details. Often, cysts are simply observed over time
Ovarian_cyst
Psychedelic drug
Nexus or Erox, is a psychedelic drug of the phenethylamine and 2C families. The drug is used as a recreational drug and is usually taken orally. 2C-B
2C-B
Neurodevelopmental disorder
difficulty with organisation, remaining on task and making decisions, and sensitivity to stress. Research suggests that ADHD symptoms may fluctuate with the
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Attention_deficit_hyperactivity_disorder
Disorder resulting in recurrent moderate–severe headaches
affect both. It is generally associated with nausea, light sensitivity and sound sensitivity. Other symptoms may include dizziness, vomiting, and difficulty
Migraine
Severe reaction to general anesthesia
appropriate situation. Family members may be tested to see if they are susceptible by muscle biopsy or genetic testing. Treatment is with dantrolene and rapid
Malignant_hyperthermia
Overreaction of the immune system to an antigen
dermatitis (IVa) is diagnosed via patch testing, where suspected allergens are applied to the skin and read at 48–72 hours. Drug-related Type IV reactions are typically
Hypersensitivity
Mood disorder characterized by emotional, cognitive, and physical symptoms
to be caused by fluctuations in gonadal sex hormones or variations in sensitivity to sex hormones. In 2017, National Institutes of Health researchers discovered
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
Premenstrual_dysphoric_disorder
Pain caused by opioid addiction
Opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH) or opioid-induced abnormal pain sensitivity, also called paradoxical hyperalgesia, is an uncommon condition of generalized
Opioid-induced_hyperalgesia
Drug that increases alertness
testing how much an animal or a human wants a drug by making them do a certain action (like pressing a lever or poking a nose device) to get the drug
Stimulant
Central nervous system stimulant
[nucleus accumbens] neurons increases an animal's sensitivity to drug as well as natural rewards and promotes drug self-administration, presumably through a process
Methamphetamine
FUNCTIONAL DRUG-SENSITIVITY-TESTING
FUNCTIONAL DRUG-SENSITIVITY-TESTING
Girl/Female
Arabic, Australian, Muslim
Sensibility; Respect
Boy/Male
Hindu
Difficult to approch
Girl/Female
Scottish
From the Gaelic 'dubhglas' meaning dark water, dark stream, or from the dark river.
Male
Polish
Pet form of Polish Andrzej, DRUGI means "man; warrior."
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Star; A Pole Star; Attractive Person
Male
Egyptian
, a great functionary.
Boy/Male
Hindu
A name of a bird
Girl/Female
African, Arabic, Australian, Muslim, Swahili
Purity; Clarity; Sensitivity; The Hill in Mecca
Boy/Male
English
Abbreviation of Andrew 'manly.
Boy/Male
American, Australian, Celtic, Christian, Scottish
From the Dark River; Form of Douglas
Boy/Male
Buddhist, Indian, Japanese
Mysterious Function
Boy/Male
Indian
Deer; Wild Animal
Boy/Male
American, British, English
Manly; Abbreviation of Andrew
Girl/Female
Indian, Telugu
Drum
Male
English
Short form of English Douglas, DOUG means "black stream."
Boy/Male
German
Strong.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Sensibility; Respect
Boy/Male
German, Greek
Strong; Masculine
Boy/Male
German
Strong.
Boy/Male
Hindu
A star
FUNCTIONAL DRUG-SENSITIVITY-TESTING
FUNCTIONAL DRUG-SENSITIVITY-TESTING
FUNCTIONAL DRUG-SENSITIVITY-TESTING
FUNCTIONAL DRUG-SENSITIVITY-TESTING
FUNCTIONAL DRUG-SENSITIVITY-TESTING
FUNCTIONAL DRUG-SENSITIVITY-TESTING
FUNCTIONAL DRUG-SENSITIVITY-TESTING