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See searches and references containing CELL DAMAGE!CELL DAMAGE
Damaging changes to a biological cell
Cell damage (also known as cell injury) is a variety of changes of stress that a cell suffers due to external as well as internal environmental changes
Cell_damage
Change in a thing that degrades it away from its initial state
microscopic DNA damage and indirect DNA damage, and cell damage in a biological cell, to damage to larger systems such as nerve damage, brain damage, and articular
Damage
2001 video game
Cel Damage is a vehicular combat video game developed by Pseudo Interactive, originally for the Xbox in November 2001 before being ported to the GameCube
Cel_Damage
Cellular mechanism
DNA repair is a collection of processes by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules that encode its genome. A weakened capacity
DNA_repair
Tumor cell
because of aging or damage. Healthy cells stop dividing when there is no longer a need for more daughter cells, but cancer cells continue to produce copies
Cancer_cell
Type of cellular stress response
structures are altered, critical processes could be affected, leading to cell damage or death. The heat shock response can be employed under stress to induce
Heat_shock_response
Disease of blood and kidneys after bacterial infection
released from damaged cells, and which is therefore a marker of cellular damage) decreased haptoglobin (indicative of the breakdown of red blood cells) anemia
Hemolytic–uremic_syndrome
Power supply with electrochemical cells
Other primary wet cells are the Leclanche cell, Grove cell, Bunsen cell, Chromic acid cell, Clark cell, and Weston cell. The Leclanche cell chemistry was
Electric_battery
Auditory sensory receptor nerve cells
and because the inner ear hair cells cannot regenerate, this damage is permanent. Damage to hair cells can cause damage to the vestibular system and therefore
Hair_cell
Damage in DNA which occurs naturally
non-replicating cells, such as cells in the brains or muscles of adult mammals, and can cause aging. (Also see DNA damage theory of aging.) In replicating cells, such
DNA damage (naturally occurring)
DNA_damage_(naturally_occurring)
Susceptibility of cells to radiation
pan-cancer studies. The damage to the cell can be lethal (the cell dies) or sublethal (the cell can repair itself). Cell damage can ultimately lead to
Radiosensitivity
Cell type in the exocrine pancreas
small intestines. Certain enzymes could damage the pancreas if they were allowed to act on pancreatic cells, so instead they are kept in an inactive
Acinar_cell
Reinsertion or replacement of an avulsed or luxated tooth
tooth root cells the avulsed tooth must be stored in a suitable medium. Storage in improper mediums can cause further damage to the cells in the tooth
Tooth_replantation
Nutritional supplement
role in the defense against cell damage. However, due to a very fragile molecular structure, it is particularly prone to damage from stomach acids and digestive
Glisodin
Reaction(s) leading to production of (phospho)lipid peroxides
results in oxidative stress and cell damage. In pathology and medicine, lipid peroxidation plays a role in cell damage which has broadly been implicated
Lipid_peroxidation
Species of virus
passages, the virus infects the epithelial cells of the upper and lower airways, causing inflammation, cell damage, and airway obstruction. A variety of methods
Respiratory_syncytial_virus
Atom, molecule, or ion that has an unpaired valence electron; typically highly reactive
commonly associated with cell damage. ROS form as a natural by-product of the normal metabolism of oxygen and have important roles in cell signaling. Two important
Radical_(chemistry)
Most common type of skin cancer
may also present as a raised area with ulceration. Basal-cell cancer grows slowly and can damage the tissue around it, but it is unlikely to spread to distant
Basal-cell_carcinoma
Topics referred to by the same term
form of injury Articular cartilage damage Brain damage Cell damage, to a biological cell Nerve damage Somatic damage (disambiguation) Damages, a sum of
Damage_(disambiguation)
Class of enzymes
metabolism and, if not regulated, causes many types of cell damage. Hydrogen peroxide is also damaging and is degraded by other enzymes such as catalase.
Superoxide_dismutase
as a response to various external influences. The latter are tissue cells’ damage, overload of their specialized functions or regulatory influences. According
Tissue_stress
Free radical toxicity
resulting damage. Disturbances in the normal redox state of cells can cause toxic effects through the production of peroxides and free radicals that damage all
Oxidative_stress
Type of rechargeable battery
it is advisable to charge the NiMH cells with a smart battery charger to avoid overcharging, which can damage cells. The simplest of the safe charging
Nickel–metal_hydride_battery
Biological process
Cell division is the process by which a parent cell divides into two daughter cells. Cell division usually occurs as part of a larger cell cycle in which
Cell_division
Presence of gallstones in the common bile duct
choledocho- + lithiasis). This condition can cause jaundice and liver cell damage. Treatments include choledocholithotomy and endoscopic retrograde
Common_bile_duct_stone
Result of nuclear radiation exposure
exceed 50 Gy. The cells that are most affected are generally those that are rapidly dividing. At high doses, this causes DNA damage that may be irreparable
Acute_radiation_syndrome
Events leading to cell division
The cell cycle, or cell-division cycle, is the sequence of events that take place in a cell and lead to its division into two daughter cells. These events
Cell_cycle
Hearing loss caused by an inner ear or vestibulocochlear nerve defect
as a consequence of damaged or deficient cochlear hair cells.[disputed – discuss] Hair cells may be abnormal at birth or damaged during the lifetime of
Sensorineural_hearing_loss
Biological membrane that separates the interior of a cell from its outside environment
Artificial cell Bacterial cell structure Bangstad syndrome Cell cortex Cell damage, including damage to cell membrane Cell theory Cytoneme Elasticity of cell membranes
Cell_membrane
Physical effects resulting from activation of the immune system
cells, blood vessels, and molecular mediators. The function of inflammation is to eliminate the initial cause of cell injury, clear out damaged cells
Inflammation
Model of aging as a trade-off between growth, reproduction, and DNA maintenance
maintenance, leading to increased cellular damage, shortened telomeres, accumulation of mutations, compromised stem cells, and ultimately, senescence. Although
Disposable soma theory of aging
Disposable_soma_theory_of_aging
Medical condition
affected by sickle cell disease. The liver, heart, kidneys, lungs, gallbladder, eyes, bones, and joints can be damaged by abnormal sickle cells and their inability
Sickle_cell_disease
Death of a cell mediated by intracellular program, often as part of development
Programmed cell death (PCD), sometimes referred to as cell suicide or cellular suicide, is the death of a cell as a result of events inside of a cell, such
Programmed_cell_death
Medical condition
major cause of post-injury cell damage, destroy mitochondria, and trigger phospholipases and proteolytic enzymes that damage Na+ channels and degrade or
Diffuse_axonal_injury
Small battery
interchangeable with 1.5 volt cells. Use of a battery of significantly higher voltage than equipment is designed for can cause permanent damage. International standard
Button_cell
Harmful high-frequency radiation
are not taken. Exposure to ionizing radiation causes cell damage to living tissue and organ damage. In high acute doses, it will result in radiation burns
Ionizing_radiation
System of communication
Cell signaling (cell signalling in British English) is the biological process by which a cell interacts with itself, with other cells, and with the environment
Cell_signaling
Biological process
hair cells and supporting cells (i.e. Hensen's cells and Deiters cells) of the ear proliferate (cell proliferation) and regrow after hair cell injury
Inner_ear_regeneration
Burn caused by microwave radiation
ionizing radiation, where the dominant mechanism of tissue damage is internal cell damage caused by free radicals, the type of burn caused by microwave
Microwave_burn
Hypothesis that aging is caused by accumulated DNA damage
increasing cell dysfunction).[excessive citations] Several review articles have shown that deficient DNA repair, allowing greater accumulation of DNA damage, causes
DNA_damage_theory_of_aging
Toxin harmful to nervous tissue
also include glial cell damage. Macroscopic manifestations of neurotoxin exposure can include widespread central nervous system damage such as intellectual
Neurotoxin
Medical condition
dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is characterized by liver cell damage or inflammation histologically (on biopsy), but fatty infiltration is
Steatohepatitis
Stage in cell cycle
transcription factor p53 in order to halt the cell cycle when DNA is damaged. It is a "point of no return" beyond which the cell is committed to dividing; in yeast
G1/S_transition
Medical condition
whitening is indicative of cell damage, which occurs in the retinal pigment epithelium and outer segment layer of photoreceptors. Damage to the outer segment
Berlin's_edema
Primary cell of the nervous system
A neuron (American English), neurone (British English), or nerve cell, is a cell that is excitable, firing electric signals called action potentials.
Neuron
NASA satellite of the Explorer program
protons and electrons and their relation to magnetic fields, a solar cell damage experiment, optical aspect sensor and one transmitter. A 16-channel PFM
Explorer_12
Medical condition
from an acute process to a chronic condition with progressive tubular cell damage and renal dysfunction. Interstitial nephritis may present with a variety
Interstitial_nephritis
Unprogrammed cell death caused by external cell injury
eliminate the dead cells by phagocytosis. However, microbial damaging substances released by leukocytes would create collateral damage to surrounding tissues
Necrosis
Precursor cells of neurons and glia during embryonic development
rapid cell amplification. The neuroblasts form tight chains and migrate towards the specified site of cell damage to repair or replace neural cells. One
Neural_stem_cell
Unspecialized biological cell that can become specialized
multicellular organisms, stem cells are undifferentiated or partially differentiated cells that can change into various types of cells and proliferate indefinitely
Stem_cell
Utensil used to crush foods
compared to other methods of mashing, because use of the device reduces cell damage to the potato, releasing less starch. The potato masher consists of an
Potato_masher
Biological system protecting an organism against disease
and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which are associated with components of hosts' cells that are released during cell damage or cell death
Immune_system
Biological process of getting older
an association between age and DNA damage in humans. In the human hematopoietic stem cell compartment DNA damage accumulates with age. In healthy humans
Ageing
with damage to host epithelial cells; during this process Candidalysin is released and intercalates in host membranes. Candidalysin promotes damage of oral
Candidalysin
Gene that inhibits tumorigenic phenotype
suppressor gene (TSG), or anti-oncogene, is a gene that regulates a cell during cell division and replication. When a tumor suppressor gene is mutated,
Tumor_suppressor_gene
Medical condition
ultimately leads to cellular swelling and irreversible damage of the endothelial cells. This cell damage contributes to the formation of fibrin thrombi within
No_reflow_phenomenon
Oxygen-delivering blood cell and the most common type of blood cell
medical publishing, also known as red cells, erythroid cells, and rarely haematids, are the most common type of blood cell and the vertebrate's principal means
Red_blood_cell
Snail-shaped part of inner ear involved in hearing
mechanotransduction in hair cells. Importantly, gap junction channels are found between cochlear supporting cells, but not auditory hair cells. Damage to the cochlea
Cochlea
Male reproductive cell
male reproductive cell, or gamete, in anisogamous forms of sexual reproduction (forms in which there is a larger, female reproductive cell and a smaller,
Sperm
Types of irreversible biochemical changes
to damage) Deregulated nutrient sensing Mitochondrial dysfunction Cellular senescence Integrative hallmarks (culprits of the phenotype) Stem cell exhaustion
Hallmarks_of_aging
Species of flowering plant
may[clarification needed] help prevent high glucose induced cell damage in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Flowers of Alpinia zerumbet, the shell ginger Alpinia
Alpinia_zerumbet
Family of cell surface receptors
pathogens, and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which are associated with components of host's cells that are released during cell damage or death
Pattern_recognition_receptor
Medical condition
response: Damaged sensory hairs (stereocilia) of the hair cells; damaged hair cells degenerate and die. In humans and other mammals, dead hair-cells are never
Noise-induced_hearing_loss
Organelle in eukaryotic cells responsible for respiration
partitioning of mtDNAs at cell divisions and random turnover of mtDNA molecules within the cell. Mitochondria can repair oxidative DNA damage by mechanisms analogous
Mitochondria
Topics referred to by the same term
Brain damage is the destruction or degeneration of brain cells. Brain damage or Brain Damage may also refer to: Brain Damage (film), a 1988 comedy horror
Brain_damage_(disambiguation)
Basic unit of life forms
A biological cell basically consists of a semipermeable cell membrane enclosing cytoplasm that contains genetic material. Most cells are only visible
Cell_(biology)
Protein-coding gene in humans
serine-threonine kinase. CHK2 is involved in DNA repair, cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in response to DNA damage. Mutations to the CHEK2 gene have been linked to
CHEK2
Type of cancer
high numbers of abnormal blood cells. These blood cells are not fully developed and are called blasts or leukemia cells. Signs and symptoms may include
Leukemia
Increase of the total mass of a cell
of cell proliferation, where a cell, known as the mother cell, grows and divides to produce two daughter cells. Importantly, cell growth and cell division
Cell_growth
Study of DNA modifications that do not change its sequence
times a cell cycle in somatic replicating cells (see DNA damage (naturally occurring)). The selective advantage of DNA repair is to allow the cell to survive
Epigenetics
Abnormal inclusions in red blood cells
severe cell damage leading to premature cell lysis. Damaged cells are cleared by macrophages in the spleen, where the precipitate and damaged membrane
Heinz_body
Protein
major target of p53 activity and thus is associated with linking DNA damage to cell cycle arrest. This protein is encoded by the CDKN1A gene located on
P21
Nerve cell that converts environmental stimuli into corresponding internal stimuli
13 December 2017. Wagner EL, Shin JB (June 2019). "Mechanisms of Hair Cell Damage and Repair". Trends Neurosci. 42 (6): 414–424. doi:10.1016/j.tins.2019
Sensory_neuron
Battery charging method
pounds per square inch (1.4 MPa) to 300 pounds per square inch (2.1 MPa). This prevents overcharging and damage to the cell. U.S. patent 6,878,481 v t e
In-cell_charge_control
Progressive neurodegenerative disease
pathogenesis is unclear; alpha-synuclein oligomers can independently mediate cell damage, and neurodegeneration can precede Lewy body formation. It is of note
Parkinson's_disease
American academic and developmental neurobiologist
neurons in the auditory brainstem, damage and regeneration of hair cells and protection of the mechanosensory cells in the inner ear for hearing and balance
Edwin_Rubel
Tumor or other abnormal growth of tissue
per human cell, per day. Additional DNA damages can arise from exposure to exogenous agents. Tobacco smoke causes increased exogenous DNA damage, and these
Neoplasm
Glucagon secreting cell
1-phosphate. Alpha cells can sometimes produce Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) due to unhealthy conditions like beta-cell damage or alpha cell hyperplasia,
Alpha_cell
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
mouse and human somatic cells. MSH2 has been shown to interact with: ATR, BRCA1, CHEK2, EXO1, MAX, MSH3, MSH6, and p53. DNA damage appears to be the primary
MSH2
Group of autoimmune diseases resulting in abnormal growth of connective tissue
some cases. Many experts believe that early endothelial cell injury and micro-vascular damage act as a key trigger in the disease cascade, linking genetic
Scleroderma
Free-radical aging theory
radical theory of aging states that organisms age because cells accumulate free radical damage over time. A free radical is any atom or molecule that has
Free-radical_theory_of_aging
American radiobiologist and cytogeneticist
Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), where he studied radiation-induced cell damage. At the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) he was a professor
Sheldon_Wolff
Support-cells in the nervous system
Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Glia, also called glial cells or neuroglia, are non-neuronal cells in the central nervous system (the brain and the spinal
Glia
Treatment of cancer using drugs that inhibit cell division or kill cells
non-specific use of intracellular poisons to inhibit mitosis (cell division) or to induce DNA damage (so that DNA repair can augment chemotherapy). This meaning
Chemotherapy
Device used to produce electricity from light
A solar cell, also known as a photovoltaic cell (PV cell), is an electronic device that converts the energy of light directly into electricity by using
Solar_cell
Type of mutation on somatic cell
somatic cell of a multicellular organism with dedicated reproductive cells; that is, any mutation that occurs in a cell other than a gamete, germ cell, or
Somatic_mutation
Alteration in the nucleotide sequence of a genome
sequence in a homologous chromosome if it is available. If DNA damage remains in a cell, transcription of a gene may be prevented and thus translation
Mutation
Physiological damage to an organism
physiological damage to an organism. The response to injury, whether in humans, in other animals, in plants, in fungi, or in single-celled eukaryotes such
Injury
Increased sensitivity to sound and decreased tolerance of noise
permanent cochlear damage. Some affected people acquire hyperacusis suddenly as a result of taking ototoxic drugs (which can damage the cells responsible for
Hyperacusis
Any type of epithelial lung cancer other than small-cell lung carcinoma
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), or non-small-cell lung carcinoma, is a type of epithelial lung cancer other than small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Non-small-cell
Non-small-cell_lung_cancer
Type of rechargeable battery without cobalt
charging systems are adapted not to damage the LFP cells through excessive charging voltages (beyond 3.6 volts DC per cell while under charge), temperature-based
Lithium iron phosphate battery
Lithium_iron_phosphate_battery
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
(December 2002). "Interaction of FANCD2 and NBS1 in the DNA damage response". Nature Cell Biology. 4 (12): 913–920. doi:10.1038/ncb879. PMID 12447395
Fanconi anemia group D2 protein
Fanconi_anemia_group_D2_protein
State in which the rate of mortality from senescence is stable or decreasing
"immortal" to designate cells that are not subject to the Hayflick limit, the point at which cells can no longer divide due to DNA damage or shortened telomeres
Biological_immortality
NASA satellite of the Explorer program
protons and electrons and their relation to magnetic fields, a solar cell damage experiment, optical aspect sensor and one transmitter. A 16-channel PFM
Explorer_14
Professional wrestling match type
steel cage match, the only way to get out of the Hell in a Cell without damaging the Cell's structure is through its door—but this door is locked by thick
Hell_in_a_Cell
Form of hemoglobin chemically linked to a sugar
cross-linking reactions, and these hemoglobin clumps (multimers) promote cell damage and the release of Fe4+-hemoglobin into the matrix of innermost layers
Glycated_hemoglobin
Form of diabetes mellitus
sometimes causing lasting β-cell damage. Similarly, up to 5% of those who take the anti-protozoal drug pentamidine experience β-cell destruction and diabetes
Type_1_diabetes
Toxic effects of breathing oxygen at high partial pressures
oxygen (O 2) at increased partial pressures. Severe cases can result in cell damage and death, with effects most often seen in the central nervous system
Oxygen_toxicity
Device that converts the chemical energy from a fuel into electricity
A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy of a fuel (often hydrogen) and an oxidizing agent (often oxygen) into electricity
Fuel_cell
Biological measurement technique
types of cell damage, for example such DNA damage that interrupts the cell cycle progression at certain checkpoints. Such an arrest of the cell cycle progression
Cell_cycle_analysis
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