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Type of temporal logic
computer science, alternating-time temporal logic, or ATL, is a branching-time temporal logic that extends computation tree logic (CTL) to multiple players
Alternating-time temporal logic
Alternating-time_temporal_logic
System for representing and reasoning about time
In logic, a temporal logic is any system of rules and symbolism for representing, and reasoning about, propositions qualified in terms of time (for example
Temporal_logic
Family of modal logics for agency and choice
results for group STIT logics, and related STIT-based analyses of agency to coalition logic and alternating-time temporal logic (ATL) by exhibiting formal
STIT_logic
Theory in computer science
satisfy the property. Computation tree logic belongs to a class of temporal logics that includes linear temporal logic (LTL). Although there are properties
Computation_tree_logic
Topics referred to by the same term
system's own T-cells Air Atlantic, ICAO code ATL Alternating-time Temporal Logic, a branching-time temporal logic that naturally describes computations of multi-agent
ATL
Field of philosophical and mathematical logic studying agency and action
epistemic logic Game logic Coalition logic Alternating-time temporal logic Segerberg, Krister (1992). "Getting started: Beginnings in the logic of action"
Agentive_logic
Complexity class
for CTL+ (computation tree logic) is 2-EXPTIME-complete. The satisfiability problem of ATL* (alternating-time temporal logic) is 2-EXPTIME-complete. Implicational
2-EXPTIME
Concept and accompanying genre in fiction
fiction, temporal fiction or chrono opera. The concept of time travel by mechanical means was popularized in H. G. Wells' 1895 story, The Time Machine
Time_travel_in_fiction
Israeli computer scientist
of ACM Transactions on Computational Logic. Kupferman, Orna (September 2002). "Alternating-time temporal logic". Journal of the ACM. 49 (5): 672–713
Orna_Kupferman
checking needs to find a Büchi automaton (BA) equivalent to a given linear temporal logic (LTL) formula, i.e., such that the LTL formula and the BA recognize
Linear temporal logic to Büchi automaton
Linear_temporal_logic_to_Büchi_automaton
Type of formal logic
Flavors of temporal logic include propositional dynamic logic (PDL), (propositional) linear temporal logic (LTL), computation tree logic (CTL), Hennessy–Milner
Modal_logic
Computer science field
designs where the specification is given by a temporal logic formula. Pioneering work in temporal logic specification was done by Amir Pnueli, who received
Model_checking
Field Histogram AdaBoost Almeida–Pineda recurrent backpropagation ALOPEX Alternating decision tree Apriori algorithm Bayesian optimization Bootstrap aggregating
List of artificial intelligence algorithms
List_of_artificial_intelligence_algorithms
Study of correct reasoning
operators in temporal modal logic articulate temporal relations. They can be used to express, for example, that something happened at one time or that something
Logic
Theory of logic to account for observations from quantum theory
logic that is very close to quantum logic, can handle arbitrary discrete spacetimes. Fuzzy logic HPO formalism (An approach to temporal quantum logic)
Quantum_logic
state. LTL: Linear temporal logic; a modal temporal logic with modalities referring to time. MCL: Model Checking Language; Alternation-Free Modal μ-calculus
List_of_model_checking_tools
Concept in theoretical computer science
expressed in metric temporal logic, an extension of linear temporal logic that allows the expression of time constraints. A timed word may be passed to
Timed_word
Statement that players know and also know that other players know (ad infinitum)
epistemic logic. For example, a first-order logic that incorporates epistemic and temporal operators, or alternating time epistemic logic. In his 2007
Common_knowledge_(logic)
Ethical and physical thought experiment
backwards time travel to assassinate an infant Adolf Hitler. It presents an ethical dilemma in both the action and its consequences, as well as a temporal paradox
Killing_baby_Hitler
Activity fraction of a periodic system
another term for the same concept, to describe the temporal relationship between two alternating periods of a waveform. However, whereas the duty cycle
Duty_cycle
Number of occurrences or cycles per unit time
term temporal frequency is used to emphasise that the frequency is characterised by the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit time. The
Frequency
Subfield of magnetism
network analyser – ferromagnetic resonance (VNA-FMR)). Time-domain techniques allow the temporal evolution of the magnetisation to be traced indirectly
Magnonics
Methods in artificial intelligence research
to first-order logic include temporal logic, to handle time; epistemic logic, to reason about agent knowledge; modal logic, to handle possibility and necessity;
Symbolic artificial intelligence
Symbolic_artificial_intelligence
theory of a finite Boolean algebra Stochastic satisfiability Linear temporal logic satisfiability and model checking Type inhabitation problem for simply
List of PSPACE-complete problems
List_of_PSPACE-complete_problems
Concept in computational complexity theory
Moshe Y.; Wilke, Thomas (2002-12-15). "First-Order Logic with Two Variables and Unary Temporal Logic". Information and Computation. 179 (2): 279–295. doi:10
NEXPTIME
such as BCG_MIN and BISIMULATOR. Several model-checkers for various temporal logic and mu-calculus, such as EVALUATOR and XTL. Several verification algorithms
Construction and Analysis of Distributed Processes
Construction_and_Analysis_of_Distributed_Processes
Version of modal realism
to how a particular moment or point in time is an index in the temporal dimension. The analogy to space and time is often used to convey this different
Extended_modal_realism
Combinational digital circuit
In computing, an arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is a combinational digital circuit that performs arithmetic and bitwise operations on integer binary numbers
Arithmetic_logic_unit
Digital circuit that produces sums from inputs
computers and other kinds of processors, adders are used in the arithmetic logic units (ALUs). They are also used in other parts of the processor, where
Adder_(electronics)
Hardware cache of a central processing unit
placed in the major location in multicolumn cache with a consideration of temporal locality. Since multicolumn cache is designed for a cache with a high associativity
CPU_cache
Instrument for measuring, keeping or indicating time
turned to set the time. In digital clocks a series of integrated circuit counters or dividers add the pulses up digitally, using binary logic. Often pushbuttons
Clock
Earhart ("The 37's" (VOY)). 1944 (alternate timeline) In an alternate timeline caused by incursions from the Temporal Cold War of the 27th-31st centuries
Timeline_of_Star_Trek
British author and scholar (1832–1898)
nonsense. Some of Alice's nonsensical wonderland logic reflects his published work on mathematical logic. Carroll came from a family of high-church Anglicans
Lewis_Carroll
Digital circuit optimisation
of the registers, clock skew scheduling moves their temporal position by scheduling the arrival time of the clock signals. The lower bound of the achievable
Retiming
Words requiring context to understand their meaning
even more complex systems. Temporal, or time, deixis is used to refer to time relevant to the utterance. This includes temporal adverbs (e.g., then and soon)
Deixis
Back to the Future time travel vehicle
85 mph to reduce speeding. The Flux Capacitor, necessary for time travel, was called the Temporal Field Capacitor; Zemeckis said the name was not believable
DeLorean_time_machine
Solid-state electronics based on electron spin
the states can be, e.g., 0 ↔ 'vertically alternating spin configuration' and 1 ↔ 'horizontally-alternating spin configuration'.). The main advantages
Spintronics
Higher level of microcode
automaton Cellular automaton Quantum cellular automaton Turing machine Alternating Turing machine Universal Post–Turing Quantum Nondeterministic Turing
Millicode
is usually expressed in metric temporal logic, an extension of linear temporal logic that allows the expression of time constraints. A signal may be passed
Signal_(model_checking)
German philosopher (1724–1804)
Enlightenment. His comprehensive and systematic works in epistemology, metaphysics, logic, ethics, aesthetics, political theory, and the philosophy of religion have
Immanuel_Kant
Peirce's understanding of logic as formal semiotic. By "logic" he meant philosophical logic. He eventually divided (philosophical) logic, or formal semiotics
Semiotic theory of Charles Sanders Peirce
Semiotic_theory_of_Charles_Sanders_Peirce
Security-related instruction code processor extension
is not reflected in CPUID bits. This complicates the feature detection logic for applications. Emulation of SGX was added to an experimental version
Software_Guard_Extensions
2000 film by Christopher Nolan
entering the camera before the man is shot in the head. The film continues, alternating between black-and-white and color sequences. The black-and-white sequences
Memento_(film)
Type of digital adder
digit to the one on its left. Thus adding two n-digit numbers has to take a time proportional to n, even if the machinery we are using would otherwise be
Carry-save_adder
Redundant representations are commonly used inside high-speed arithmetic logic units. In particular, a carry-save adder uses a redundant representation
Redundant binary representation
Redundant_binary_representation
List of statements that appear to contradict themselves
travel, information or objects appear to have no beginning. Temporal paradox: What happens if a time traveler alters the past in a way that prevents their actions
List_of_paradoxes
List of characters in the Rick and Morty franchise
Joseph before he can be subjected to the lethal injection. Logic (voiced by himself) – Logic makes a cameo appearance at the end of "Vindicators 3: The
List of Rick and Morty characters
List_of_Rick_and_Morty_characters
Marvel Cinematic Universe setting composed of alternate universes
by Loki and members of the TVA to help stabilize the Temporal Loom, a device that refines raw time into physical timeline strands. After several futile
Multiverse (Marvel Cinematic Universe)
Multiverse_(Marvel_Cinematic_Universe)
Hardware description language
language) – Hardware verification language Property Specification Language – Temporal logic Chisel – Open-source hardware description language (HDL) built on top
Verilog
Computational Formula that can be measured in terms of True or False
problems[clarification needed] Abstract argumentation[clarification needed] Linear temporal logic model checking[clarification needed] Nondeterministic finite automaton
True quantified Boolean formula
True_quantified_Boolean_formula
MRI procedure that measures brain activity by detecting associated changes in blood flow
temporal sensitivity, that is how accurately we can measure when neurons are active, in BOLD fMRI. The basic time resolution parameter (sampling time)
Functional magnetic resonance imaging
Functional_magnetic_resonance_imaging
Art of persuasion
arts of discourse (trivium) of classical antiquity, along with grammar and logic/dialectic. As an academic discipline within the humanities, rhetoric aims
Rhetoric
Problems with central processing unit design
instructions are fetched, control logic determines whether a hazard could/will occur. If this is true, then the control logic inserts no operations (NOPs)
Hazard (computer architecture)
Hazard_(computer_architecture)
Professor of Philosophy
philosophy of time travel is whether someone could travel back in time and kill themselves (an example temporal paradox). Vihvelin argues that while time travel
Kadri_Vihvelin
Description of the universe in Buddhist texts
consists of a temporal and a spatial cosmology. The temporal cosmology describes the timespan of the creation and dissolvement of alternate universes in
Buddhist_cosmology
Overview of and topical guide to machine learning
kNN Support vector machine T-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding Temporal difference learning Wake-sleep algorithm Weighted majority algorithm (machine
Outline_of_machine_learning
Processor design concept
memory addresses to physical memory addresses. It is used to reduce the time taken to access a user memory location. It can be called an address-translation
Translation_lookaside_buffer
Season of television series
and the 1893 Chicago World's Fair. Discussing the various time "jargon" and "timey-wimey" logic introduced the season, Wright explained that although long
Loki_season_2
View that neither the future nor the past exist, only the present
do not exist now. Presentism is a view about temporal ontology, i.e., a view about what exists in time, that contrasts with eternalism—the view that
Philosophical_presentism
Form of synaptic inhibition mediated by increased membrane conductance
membrane time constant τ m = R i n C m {\displaystyle \tau _{m}=R_{in}C_{m}} . A shorter τ m {\displaystyle \tau _{m}} narrows the time window for temporal summation
Shunting_inhibition
Automaton which either accepts or rejects infinite inputs
model checking as an automata-theoretic version of a formula in linear temporal logic. Formally, a deterministic Büchi automaton is a tuple A = ( Q , Σ ,
Büchi_automaton
Computer science award
be solved in quadratic or linear time. The Gödel Prize has been awarded since 1993. The prize is awarded alternately at ICALP (even years) and STOC (odd
Gödel_Prize
Indian Buddhist philosopher (fl.c.600–670)
the collapse of the Gupta Empire, a time of great insecurity for Buddhist institutions. The role of Buddhist logic was seen as an intellectual defense
Dharmakirti
Tool for proving a logical formula
Modal Logics and Philosophy (2nd ed.). Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-317-49217-7. Goré, Rajeev. "Tableau Methods for Modal and Temporal Logics". Handbook
Method_of_analytic_tableaux
List of characters appearing in the Marvel Cinematic Universe
him back to the TVA to help fix a problem with their Time loom (locked to He Who Remains's temporal aura), only to be interrupted by Miss Minutes, Renslayer
Characters of the Marvel Cinematic Universe: A–L
Characters_of_the_Marvel_Cinematic_Universe:_A–L
15th episode of the 3rd season of Star Trek: The Next Generation
the ship's crew must decide whether to send the time-travelling Enterprise-C back through a temporal rift to its certain destruction, to prevent damaging
Yesterday's_Enterprise
28th episode of the 1st season of Star Trek: The Original Series
accidentally travelling back in time to the history of their planet where they cause the death of Surak, the founder of Vulcan logic. After they return, they
The City on the Edge of Forever
The_City_on_the_Edge_of_Forever
2010 film by Edgar Wright
exceedingly quick or that open into shots that displace conventional temporal logic (anticontinuity editing), or with cuts that use a purposefully barely
Scott_Pilgrim_vs._the_World
Rhythm exercise
Encyclopedia Rudimentia as a short pattern of strokes, using John Pratt's logic that "the rudiments of drumming are strokes," in reference to the four basic
Drum_rudiment
finite automatons, introduced by Michael O. Rabin Amir Pnueli introduced temporal logic into computing science Lempel–Ziv–Welch algorithm, a universal lossless
List of Israeli inventions and discoveries
List_of_Israeli_inventions_and_discoveries
2011 anthology by Nick Land
transcendental unconscious, its 'return' inhibited by the repressed [alternate] circuits of temporality", concerned more with intensity and spontaneous intensive
Fanged_Noumena
Foundational principle in quantum physics
of temporal resolution, while a narrow window has the opposite trade-off. Alternate theorems give more precise quantitative results, and, in time–frequency
Uncertainty_principle
Symmetry between bosons and fermions
spontaneously, this property is violated in the limit of the infinitely long temporal evolution and the model can be said to exhibit (the stochastic generalization
Supersymmetry
Experience interpreted within a religious framework
experiences and neurological activity have been established, pointing to the temporal lobe as the main locus for these experiences, while Andrew B. Newberg and
Mystical or religious experience
Mystical_or_religious_experience
Technology ITIL—Information Technology Infrastructure Library ITL—Interval Temporal Logic ITS—Intelligent transportation system ITU—International Telecommunication
List of computing and IT abbreviations
List_of_computing_and_IT_abbreviations
Coordination of events to operate a system in unison
authorities eventually abandoned local mean time in favor of railway time. In electrical engineering terms, for digital logic and data transfer, a synchronous circuit
Synchronization
Study of narrative structures
Today, 11(4):817–842 (Winter 1990). Meir Sternberg, Expositional Modes and Temporal Ordering in Fiction, (Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1993.) Raphaël Baroni, La
Narratology
American science fiction television series
during Archer's time period. In the closing phase of the Temporal Cold War, Daniels sent the Enterprise back to the 1940s, following a temporal incursion by
Star_Trek:_Enterprise
1995 film by David Fincher
redemption. Professor Kirsten Thompson characterizes the city as devoid of temporal or spatial markers, with an absence of recognizable elements like street
Seven_(1995_film)
destroy all the many Earths that appear in the novels. By using reverse temporal engineering throughout the book, the Guide Mark II – which takes on the
List of The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters
List_of_The_Hitchhiker's_Guide_to_the_Galaxy_characters
2010 film by Christopher Nolan
Kevin Ray (2012), The Rhetorics of the Time-Image: Deleuzian Metadiscourse on the Role of Nooshock Temporality (viz. "Inception") in Christopher Nolan's
Inception
responsible for his powers. The machine then split him into two; a blue logic part and a red emotional part. The blue is killed by the red, but the machine
List of Marvel Comics characters: M
List_of_Marvel_Comics_characters:_M
Role-playing game multiverse
The Plane of Time was known as the Temporal Prime in the 1995 book Chronomancer. It is a plane where physical travel can result in time travel. In 3rd
Plane_(Dungeons_&_Dragons)
Italian Dominican friar, philosopher and mathematician (1548–1600)
Rome by the newly created Kingdom of Italy and the end of the Church's temporal power over the city, the erection of a monument to Bruno on the site of
Giordano_Bruno
Literary device
allegorical decoding of the text." Allegory has an ability to freeze the temporality of a story, while infusing it with a spiritual context. Medieval thinking
Allegory
Unique identifier for either an entity in the modeled world or an object in the database
primary key depends on whether the database is a current database or a temporal database. Since a current database stores only currently valid data, there
Surrogate_key
Quality of ambiguity, disorientation, or state of transition
festivals, and conferences, where "time out of time" and spatial detachment form core elements of collective meaning. The temporal dimension of liminality can
Liminality
5th-century BC Greek philosopher
have no meaning for the entity, it is in a perpetual present, without temporal distinction of any kind. What follows (vv. 6–11) is the argument against
Parmenides
Hypothetical situation
movement in time in relation to "the present moment standpoint" of the individual performing the experiment; namely, in terms of: Their temporal direction:
Thought_experiment
Organized collection of data in computing
". A temporal database has built-in time aspects, for example a temporal data model and a temporal version of SQL. More specifically the temporal aspects
Database
ceremonies. Tibetan Buddhists recognized the Dalai Lama as their spiritual and temporal leader. Popular cults were regulated by imperial policies, promoting certain
Religion_in_China
1995 video game
Takashi Tokita then wrote various subplots. They also devised an "Active Time Event Logic" system, "where you can move your character around during scenes, even
Chrono_Trigger
1996 film directed by Jonathan Frakes
into a temporal vortex. As the sphere disappears, Enterprise discovers Earth has been altered—Borg now populate it. Realizing the Borg have used time travel
Star_Trek:_First_Contact
1999 film by the Wachowskis
object that appears frozen in time. The bullet time effect is similar but slightly more complicated, incorporating temporal motion so that, rather than
The_Matrix
Quantum mechanical waves describing matter
Because light at all frequencies travels the same velocity, longitudinal and temporal coherence are linked; in matter waves these are independent. For example
Matter_wave
1968 book by Gilles Deleuze
suggests that, unlike Hegel, he creates concepts out of a joyful and creative logic that resists the dualism of dialectic: "I make, remake and unmake my concepts
Difference_and_Repetition
Plane of existence in Dungeons & Dragons
as Olympus was mentioned for the first time by name in the article "Planes: The Concepts of Spatial, Temporal and Physical Relationships in D&D", in The
Outer_Plane
Musical notation system used for Renaissance vocal polyphony
notation). The rest symbols of the larger values had a clear visual logic reflecting their time durations, based on the breve rest being a vertical stroke the
Mensural_notation
Board and dice game for two players
programs to play near the expert level. Its neural network was trained using temporal difference learning applied to data generated from self-play. According
Backgammon
Archaic human species from Asia
known human species to do so, along with earlier Homo floresiensis. By this logic, they may also have entered the Philippines, living alongside Homo luzonensis
Denisovan
ALTERNATING TIME-TEMPORAL-LOGIC
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