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South American Indigenous people
The Witoto (also Huitoto or Uitoto) are an Indigenous people in southern Colombia and northern Peru. One of the largest groupings within the Witoto people
Witoto
Language family of Colombia and Peru
Witoto, Huitoto or Uitoto is an indigenous American language spoken by the Witoto people, an indigenous group living in Colombia and in the neighbouring
Witoto_language
Proposed language family of South America
Bora–Witóto (also Bora–Huitoto, Bora–Uitoto, or, ambiguously, Witotoan) is a proposal to unite the Boran and Witotoan language families of southwestern
Bora–Witoto_languages
Language family of Colombia and Peru
occasionally known as Huitoto–Ocaina to distinguish it from Bora–Witoto) is a small language family of southeastern Colombia (Amazonas Department) and the
Witotoan_languages
Bora–Witoto, Guajiboan, Arawakan, Cariban, Barbacoan, and Saliban language families. There are currently about 850,000 speakers of native languages, however
Languages_of_Colombia
Bora–Witoto language of Brazil
also to the Nipode language (Witoto Muinane) of the Witotoan family. Aschmann (1993) proposed that the Boran and Witotoan language families were related
Boran_languages
Indigenous language spoken in Amazon Basin
their second language of Spanish.[citation needed] Early linguistic investigators thought that Bora was related to the Witoto language, but there is
Bora_language
Witotoan language of Peru and Colombia
known as Bue, Witoto Murui, or Witoto, is an indigenous American Huitoto language of the Witotoan family, spoken by one of the Witoto peoples of Colombia
Murui_Huitoto_language
Air crash and rescue
Loudspeakers with a range of a mile were used to broadcast messages in the Witoto language to the children, advising them to stay in one location so that they
2023 Caquetá Cessna Stationair crash
2023_Caquetá_Cessna_Stationair_crash
languages and isolated languages. In northern Peru, there are 5 small families of languages: Cahuapana, Chicham, Zápara, Peba-yagua, and Bora-witoto.
Languages_of_Peru
Andamanese languages Australian languages and Tasmanian languages Caucasian languages Khoisan languages Nuba Mountains languages Paleo-Siberian
List_of_language_families
Pre-Columbian languages of subcontinent
the languages of South America. As is the case worldwide, the majority of South American languages, such as Andean languages and Bora–Witoto languages, predominantly
Indigenous languages of South America
Indigenous_languages_of_South_America
Witotoan language of Peru and Colombia
American language spoken in western South America. It has occasionally been referred to as Muinane Witoto, not to be confused with the Muinane language. Nüpode
Nüpode_Huitoto_language
Indigenous language of Colombia
of these languages are classified into 10 linguistic families: Chibcha, Arawak, Carib, Quechua, Tukano, Guahibo, Makú-Puinave, Bora-Witoto, Piaroa-Sáliba
Páez_language
Indigenous South American language family
Puinave-Nadahup, Taruma, Tupi, Urarina, Witoto-Okaina, Yaruro, Zaparo, Saliba-Hodi, and Tikuna-Yuri language families due to contact. However, these similarities
Arawakan_languages
Language family of Colombia and Panama
similarities with the Guahibo, Kamsa, Paez, Tukano, Witoto-Okaina, Yaruro, Chibchan, and Bora-Muinane language families due to contact. Genetic links between
Chocoan_languages
Indigenous language spoken in Venezuela
similarities with the Saliba-Hodi, Arawak, Bora-Muinane, Choko, Witoto-Okaina, and Waorani language families due to contact. Yaruro has one of the largest phonologies
Pumé_language
Language family of South America
Arutani, Paez, Sape, Taruma, Witoto-Okaina, Saliba-Hodi, Tikuna-Yuri, Pano, Barbakoa, Bora-Muinane, and Choko language families due to contact. There
Tucanoan_languages
Vilela-Chulupí Witóto Xíbaro (Shiwora, Shuara) Xiraxara Yahgan Yaruro Yunka Yurakáre Yuri Záparo Je (Ge) Classification of South American languages by J. Alden
Classification of the Indigenous languages of the Americas
Classification_of_the_Indigenous_languages_of_the_Americas
Indigenous American Huitoto language
Minica Huitoto (Mɨnɨka) is one of three indigenous American Huitoto languages of the Witotoan family spoken by a few thousand speakers in western South
Minica_Huitoto_language
Extinct Witotoan language
is an extinct, apparently Witotoan language of Peru. The name koixóma is derived from the Murui Huitoto language. According to Rafael Girard (1958),
Koihoma_language
Municipality and city in Amazonas Region, Colombia
Ministry of Culture. The name "Curiplaya" means "Golden Beach" in the Witoto language. Our Lady of Lourdes Cathedral, Florencia Gustavo Artunduaga Paredes
Florencia,_Caquetá
The following is a list of proposed language families, which connect established families into larger genetic groups (macro-families). Support for these
List of proposed language families
List_of_proposed_language_families
Witotoan language of Colombia and Peru
included 394 words and expressions. The document compares Nonuya, Ocaina, and Witoto. Echeverri, Juan Álvaro (2021-12-22). "Documentación y recuperación de la
Nonuya_language
Extinct language of Colombia
similarities with the Witoto-Okaina languages. Zwisler, Joshua James (2018). "The Pijao of Natagaima: Post-Linguicide Indigenous Identity and Language" (PDF). Cadernos
Pijao_language
Proposed language family of South America
which groups Tupian together with Bora–Witoto and Zaparoan. However, in some cases, similarities among the language families are clearly due to more recent
Jê–Tupi–Carib_languages
Group of languages
The Cariban languages are a family of languages Indigenous to north-eastern South America. They are widespread across northernmost South America, from
Cariban_languages
Department of Colombia
areas to tribes that spoke Tukano languages (such as the Siona), and the eastern to tribes that spoke Witoto languages. Part of the Kamentxá territory was
Putumayo_Department
Endangered language family of Amazon Basin
Zaparoan. Gordon (2005) follows Stark. Mason (1950: 236–238) groups Bora–Witoto, Tupian, and Zaparoan together as part of a proposed Macro-Tupí-Guaranían
Zaparoan_languages
Topics referred to by the same term
Sahl, wife of the Abbasid caliph al-Ma'mun Boran languages, part of the proposed Bora–Witoto language family Boran, or Borana people, a pastoralist people
Boran_(disambiguation)
Extinct language of Colombia
Words in Murui (Witoto, Northwest Amazonia) (PDF). Leiden, Netherlands. Ethnologue has mixed this up with Carapana-tapuya. The languages clearly belong
Andoquero_language
Extinct Karirian language of Brazil
Kamurú (Cayriri or Pedra Branca) is an extinct Karirian language of Brazil. Martius visited the Kiriris in 1818, when he collected a word list of Pedra
Kamurú_language
Extinct Witotoan language of Brazil
Koeruna (Coeruna) is an extinct Witotoan language of Brazil. It was recorded by Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius in his 1867 book. Spix, Johann Baptist
Koeruna_language
Extinct Karirian language of Brazil
Kipeá (or Kiriri) is an extinct Karirian language or dialect of Brazil. A short grammatical treatise and a catechism were produced in 1698–1699 by the
Kipeá_language
Extinct Karirian language of Brazil
Sabujá is an extinct Karirian language of northeastern Bahia, Brazil. Martius visited the Kiriris in 1818, when he collected a word list of Sabujá. It
Sabujá_language
Clemencia Herrera Nemerayema (1968–), Indigenous Amazonian activist, of Witoto origin. Aida Quilcué (1973–), Senator of Colombia for Cauca, of Nasa origin
Indigenous peoples in Colombia
Indigenous_peoples_in_Colombia
Language spoken in Colombia
Muinane is an indigenous American language spoken in Colombia. Muinane belongs to the Boran language family, along with Bora. Muinane is spoken by 150
Muinane_language
their Protestant religion, have continued to speak an English-based creole language as well as English, and have regarded themselves as a group distinct from
Race and ethnicity in Colombia
Race_and_ethnicity_in_Colombia
Witoto Colombian activist (born 1968)
María Clemencia Herrera Nemerayema (born 1968) is a Witoto Colombian indigenous, women rights and biodiversity activist. From an early age, she served
María Clemencia Herrera Nemerayema
María_Clemencia_Herrera_Nemerayema
themselves as Pʌʌsiʌʌ́ hʌ, meaning ‘People of the Axe’. The Andoque language is a language isolate and is extinct in Peru. The culture values "sacred plants"
Andoque_people
Agent of the Peruvian Amazon Company
Nicolas Witoto. O'Donnell threatened Nicolas that if he testified later, upon his return O'Donnell would "punish him severely." Nicolas Witoto was likely
Andrés_O'Donnell
Peruvian people of indigenous ancestry
Amazon: Loreto Region Uru, Andes: Lake Titicaca Huanca, Andes: Junín Region Witoto (Huitoto), Amazon, northern Peru Yagua, Amazon: northeastern Peru Yaminawá
Indigenous_peoples_of_Peru
Colombian environmentalist (born 1982)
Lena Yanina Estrada Añokazi (born c. 1982) is a Colombian political scientist, environmentalist, and Indigenous leader who served as Minister of Environment
Lena_Estrada
century), Muisca noblewoman María Clemencia Herrera Nemerayema (born 1968), Witoto indigenous, women rights and biodiversity activist Belkis Florentina Izquierdo
List of Indigenous people of the Americas
List_of_Indigenous_people_of_the_Americas
Indigenous Colombian ethnic group
speak the Chibchan Damana language and live in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta region. The word Wiwa comes from the Dʉmʉna language, wi meaning warm or warm
Damana_people
Country in South America
Bora–Witoto, Guajiboan, Arawakan, Cariban, Barbacoan, and Saliban language families. There are currently more than 850,000 speakers of native languages. The
Colombia
reported that in the frequent wars between local indigenous tribes (including Witoto and Bora), all captives over the age of seven were killed, while younger
Slavery in pre-Columbian America
Slavery_in_pre-Columbian_America
2020 Peruvian film
It follows Rember Yahuarcani [es], an indigenous plastic artist from the Witoto people, who seeks to tell the dark past that his community faced as a result
The_Song_of_the_Butterflies
Extinct Uru language of Peru
Uru–Chipaya language once spoken by the Uros, an Indigenous people, who live on reed islands in Puno Bay in western Lake Titicaca in Peru. The language is known
Uru_of_Chʼimu
Cassava flatbread
mashed, fermented cassava—is eaten by some Amazonian cultures including the Witoto and Nonuya, while casabe de almidón—made with tapioca, the starch of the
Casabe
Place in Department of Amazonas, Colombia
living. The region is home to several indigenous people, including the Witoto, Inga, Tucano, Ticuna, and Nukak. The Peruvian Yagua settled in the riverside
Leticia,_Amazonas
lists the Indigenous languages of South America. Extinct languages are marked by dagger signs (†). Demographics of Indigenous languages of South America by
List of Indigenous languages of South America
List_of_Indigenous_languages_of_South_America
Asháninka: Peru Barbacoan peoples Awan Awá-Kwaiker: Northern Ecuador Bora-Witoto peoples Bora: Colombia/Peru Cahuapanan peoples Chayahuita: Loreto, Peru
List_of_Indigenous_peoples
century. First, the exploitation of the rubber, then as allies of the Witotos they faced the Muinane and Carijona, and had to abandon much of their territory
Tinigua
Suruí do Pará Tapirape Terena Ticuna Tremembé Tupi Waorani Wapixana Wauja Witoto Xakriabá Xavante Xokleng Xukuru Yanomami Indigenous peoples of the Americas
Indigenous_peoples_in_Brazil
Amazonas and Roraima, Brazil Wanano (Unana, Vanana), Amazonas, Brazil Witoto Murui Witoto, Loreto Region, Peru Yagua (Yahua), Loreta Region, Peru Yaminahua
List of Indigenous peoples of South America
List_of_Indigenous_peoples_of_South_America
Peruvian Amazon Company administrator
Indigenous Witoto workers at one of La Chorrera's rubber stations, photograph circa 1906.
Victor_Macedo
Rubber boom company known for slavery
by the Peruvian Amazon Company during the Putumayo genocide include the Witoto (Huitoto), Bora, Ocaina, and Andoque tribes. The Cinchona boom and the start
Peruvian_Amazon_Company
This is a list of Brazil's Indigenous or Native peoples, associated languages, Indigenous locations, and population estimates with dates. A particular
List of Indigenous peoples of Brazil
List_of_Indigenous_peoples_of_Brazil
Speculative historical theories
and was a dye-plant used for the painting of the body, with the nearby Witoto people using it as face paint in their ceremonial dances. David Sopher noted
Pre-Columbian transoceanic contact theories
Pre-Columbian_transoceanic_contact_theories
History of Brazil before the arrival of Europeans (antiquity-1500)
factor is that much remains to be done at various levels of research - language records and comparisons, analysis of excavated materials, the relationship
Pre-Cabraline history of Brazil
Pre-Cabraline_history_of_Brazil
American ethnobotanist (1915–2001)
and felt that tribal chiefs were gentlemen; he understood the languages of the Witoto and Makuna peoples. He encountered dangers in his travels, including
Richard_Evans_Schultes
Indigenous tribe of South America
between the Napo, Putumayo and Caqueta rivers. The Bora speak a Witotan language and comprise approximately 2,000 people.[citation needed] In the last forty
Bora_people
Colombians of Asian descent
Siriano Sutagao Tahamí Tairona Tariana Tegua Ticuna Tinigua Tucano U'wa Wayuu Witoto Wiwa Yagua Yarigui Yukpa Zenú Mixed Mestizo Zambo Non-indigenous Asian Arab
Asian_Colombians
Slavery in the Amazon
"shows the course of an action that ended in the genocide of almost all the Witotos who rebelled in the Atenas maloca." Three of the oral testimonies documented
Putumayo_genocide
Species of fungus
is eaten by the Witoto and Andoque people in Colombia and the Yanomami in Brazil, with Yanomani calling it Naönaö amo in Sanumá language and serving it
Lentinula_raphanica
Colombian visual artist (died 2025)
Rodríguez, as official registration of village residents required a Spanish-language name. As an adult, he worked as a farmer and rubber tapper. In the 1980s
Abel_Rodríguez_(artist)
Vanana), Amazonas, Brazil Waorani (Huaorani, Waodani, Waos), Ecuador Witoto Murui Witoto, Loreto Region, Peru Yagua (Yahua), Loreta Region, Peru Yaminahua
Classification of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas
Classification_of_the_Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas
Brazilian dancer and model (born 1992)
Thais Kokama, Mari Wapichana, W'eena Tikuna, Samela Sateré Mawé, Vanda Witoto and Marciely Tupari, participated in the program. Essentially Amazonian
Isabelle_Nogueira
Siriano Sutagao Tahamí Tairona Tariana Tegua Ticuna Tinigua Tucano U'wa Wayuu Witoto Wiwa Yagua Yarigui Yukpa Zenú Mixed Mestizo Zambo Non-indigenous Asian Arab
Indian_Colombians
Peruvian Amazonian herbalist
Company, later notorious. Thousands, probably tens of thousands, of Huitoto (Witoto) natives were enslaved to work in rubber collection, and subjected to torture;
Manuel_Córdova-Rios
Portuguese-born cinematographer
Mundo, filmed in Peru and Brazil. It included coverage of rituals of the Witoto people as well as wildlife and the exploitation of the river for timber
Silvino_Santos
American anthropologist (1897–1985)
Bulletin of the Associates in the Science of Society, 4.4: 1–3 (1935) "The Witoto Kinship System", American Anthropologist, n.s., 38: 525–527 (1936) "Rank
George_Murdock
Peruvian entrepreneur and politician
to the Ampiyacu basin in Loreto, Peru. At least 6,719 people from the Witotos, Boras, Andoques, Ocainas, and Muinanes tribes were relocated. Carlos Loayza
Julio_César_Arana
1922 Brazilian film
However, the film included footage depicting the customs and ways of the Witoto people, notably commenting—through its intertitles—on the adoption of trousers
Amazonas, o Maior Rio do Mundo
Amazonas,_o_Maior_Rio_do_Mundo
Department of Colombia
2022. The indigenous communities which inhabit the department include the Witoto, Coreguaje, Inga, Emberá, Pijao, Paez, and Guambiano peoples. Like all departments
Caquetá_Department
President of Colombia from 1904 to 1909
where he was, according to rumor, eaten by the cannibalistic tribe of Witoto people. The steamship Tundama sank near La Sofia and the other surviving
Rafael_Reyes
Retrieved 2015-06-24. Aĭkhenvalʹd, A.I.U.; Aikhenvald, A.Y. (2012). Languages of the Amazon. OUP Oxford. p. 86. ISBN 9780199593569. Retrieved 2015-06-24
List of extinct Indigenous peoples of Brazil
List_of_extinct_Indigenous_peoples_of_Brazil
Peruvian rubber baron (1866–1909)
fevers. It appeared as if Torres was still in control of around twenty Witoto families by 1909. Farabee does not mention how Torres and Carlos Scharff
Carlos_Scharff
Remote settlement in the Colombian Amazon
multiple indigenous groups, including the Witoto (Huitoto), Muinane, Andoque, and Nonuya, each with distinct languages, ceremonial traditions, and systems of
Araracuara,_Colombia
(2014) Barreira da Missão Ratified 2,000 Kaixana, Kambeba, Miranha, Ticuna, Witoto 788 (2011) Barro Alto Ratified 2,000 Kokama 62 (2011) Betânia Ratified 123
List of Indigenous territories (Brazil)
List_of_Indigenous_territories_(Brazil)
Peruvian rubber baron
employed by the company managed the native workfroce. Natives from the Witoto, Bora, Andoque, and Ocaina tribes were enslaved in the areas around Encanto
Miguel_S._Loayza
cultural and linguistic preservation of medieval Portuguese traditions and language in Brazil include the presence of scheduled weekly outdoors markets, religious
List of ethnic groups in Brazil
List_of_ethnic_groups_in_Brazil
WITOTO LANGUAGE
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