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DNA sequence that jumps/transposes within a genome
Transposable elements (TEs), also known as transposons, jumping genes, or mobile genetic elements, are DNA sequences that can change their position, or
Transposable_element
Transposable element system in maize
Ac/Ds transposable controlling elements was the first transposable element system recognized in maize. The Ac Activator element is autonomous, whereas
Ac/Ds transposable controlling elements
Ac/Ds_transposable_controlling_elements
Class of roundworms
found in. The classification does extend to other species. This transposable element is known for its uncanny ability to be transmitted horizontally in
Tc1/mariner
Crossing over at non-homologous loci
double-strand breaks. The role of transposable elements in ectopic recombination is an area of active inquiry. Transposable elements—repetitious sequences
Ectopic_recombination
Type of transposable element in genomes
their own, while nonautonomous ones require the presence of another transposable element's gene, transposase, to move. There are three main classifications
DNA_transposon
Kind of transposon
Insertion element (also known as an IS, an insertion sequence element, or an IS element) is a short DNA sequence that acts as a simple transposable element. Insertion
Insertion_sequence
Kind of transposon
into a cell's genome. It is built upon the natural PiggyBac (PB) transposable element (transposon), enabling the back and forth movement of genes between
PiggyBac_transposon_system
Genetic segments that can enhance their own transmission at the expense of other genes
existence of transposable elements, which are now recognized to be among the most successful selfish genetic elements. The discovery of transposable elements
Selfish_genetic_element
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
PiggyBac Transposable Element Derived 5 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PGBD5 gene. PGBD5 is a DNA transposase related to the ancient PiggyBac
PiggyBac transposable element derived 5
PiggyBac_transposable_element_derived_5
Replicative transposition is a mechanism of transposition in molecular biology, proposed by James A. Shapiro in 1979, in which the transposable element is duplicated
Replicative_transposition
mutagenesis (also known as STM) is a technique focused on using transposable element insertion to determine the phenotype of a locus in an organism's
Transposons_as_a_genetic_tool
DNA sequence whose position in the genome is variable
the center of the transposable element. This results in two recombinant duplexes containing the semi conserved transposable element flanked by the previous
Mobile_genetic_elements
Magnorder of mammals
Exafroplacentalia or Notolegia. According to some studies, updated analysis of transposable element insertions around the time of divergence strongly supports the fourth
Atlantogenata
Topics referred to by the same term
below the human range of hearing Insertion sequence, a short DNA transposable element Intersex, an organism with sex characteristics neither exclusively
IS
Mechanism of evolution by differential reproduction
studies show that the switch from light to dark coloration is due to a transposable element insertion into the first intron of the gene cortex. An example of
Natural_selection
All genetic material of an organism
of the genomes of many eukaryotes. A retrotransposon is a transposable element that transposes through an RNA intermediate. Retrotransposons are composed
Genome
(October 1982). "A virus mutant with an insertion of a copia-like transposable element". Nature. 299 (5883): 562–4. Bibcode:1982Natur.299..562M. doi:10
Mobilome
Topics referred to by the same term
cells can take up extracellular DNA and express genes encoded by it Transposable element, a sequence of DNA that can move about in the genome, including transposons
TE
Class of mobile genetic elements
transcriptase and endonuclease (ORF2). LINEs are the most abundant transposable element within the human genome, with approximately 20.7% of the sequences
Long interspersed nuclear element
Long_interspersed_nuclear_element
Pathogenic type of misfolded protein
Reverse transcriptase-related cellular gene Retrosequence Ribozyme Spiegelman's Monster shorter form Tandem repeat Transposable element Transpoviron Xenobot
Prion
Matter with biological processes
been proposed that eliminate one or more of these elements, swap out an element for one not on the list, or change required chiralities or other chemical
Life
Species of fly
in some types of non-coding DNA. Intron size has been reduced, while transposable elements are almost absent. Gynaephora groenlandica, a species of Arctic
Belgica_antarctica
Type of behavior of a dynamical system
replicator, and the ratios available in regolith. The limiting element was Chlorine, an essential element to process regolith for Aluminium. Chlorine is very rare
Self-replication
Pathogenic small single-stranded circular RNA
hypothesis Satellite Virus Virus classification Virusoid Retrozyme Transposable element Subviral agent List of subviral agents Navarro B, Flores R, Di Serio
Viroid
Branch of virology
genetic elements Mobilome Horizontal gene transfer Genomic island Transposable element Class I or retrotransposon Class II or DNA transposon Plasmid Fertility
Synthetic_virology
Species of carnivorous plant
Guiana. Tenaillon et al., 2011 obtain genome size estimates and transposable element (TE) content by high-throughput sequencing. They find ~50% difference
Zea_luxurians
Type of flowers of two different colors
regulation by transcription factors or small RNAs. In some cases, transposable element activity results in colored sectors or patches in flowers described
Picotee
Transfer of genes from unrelated organisms
that are found in the alphaproteobacteria order Rhodobacterales. A transposable element (TE) (also called a transposon or jumping gene) is a mobile segment
Horizontal_gene_transfer
Progressive neurodegenerative disease
transport system. Pathogenic tau can also cause neuronal death through transposable element dysregulation. Necroptosis has also been reported as a mechanism
Alzheimer's_disease
Citrus fruit and plant
oranges of mainland Asia, though they have a mainland-mandarin-derived transposable element insertion that causes them to reproduce asexually by apomixis, unlike
Tachibana_orange
Oldest cultured human cell line (1951)
Reverse transcriptase-related cellular gene Retrosequence Ribozyme Spiegelman's Monster shorter form Tandem repeat Transposable element Transpoviron Xenobot
HeLa
Life that has no cellular structure
Reverse transcriptase-related cellular gene Retrosequence Ribozyme Spiegelman's Monster shorter form Tandem repeat Transposable element Transpoviron Xenobot
Non-cellular_life
Phylogenetic group described in January 2024
An obelisk is a microscopic genetic element that consists of a type of infectious agent composed of RNA. Described as "viroid-like elements", obelisks
Obelisk_(biology)
Matrix operation which flips a matrix over its diagonal
to produce another matrix, called the transpose of A and often denoted AT (among other notations). The transpose of a matrix was introduced in 1858 by
Transpose
Species of moth
melanism mutation has been shown to be due to the insertion of a transposable element into the first intron of the cortex gene, resulting in an increase
Peppered_moth
Type of transposable element
Starships are a type of eukaryotic class 2 transposable element (TE). They are mobilized by a site-specific recombinase termed the "captain". They are
Starship_(genetics)
Genus of cnidarians
David, CN; Steele, RE; Martínez, DE (2019). "Expansion of a single transposable element family is associated with genome-size increase and radiation in the
Hydra_(genus)
Ancestor of all current life on Earth
Reverse transcriptase-related cellular gene Retrosequence Ribozyme Spiegelman's Monster shorter form Tandem repeat Transposable element Transpoviron Xenobot
Last universal common ancestor
Last_universal_common_ancestor
Synthetic viral vector
genetic elements Mobilome Horizontal gene transfer Genomic island Transposable element Class I or retrotransposon Class II or DNA transposon Plasmid Fertility
Helper_dependent_virus
Organism resembling a form long shown in the fossil records
menadoensis contain multiple species-specific insertions, indicating transposable element recent activity and contribution to post-speciation genome divergence
Living_fossil
Significance of the peppered moth in evolutionary biology
pair insert remained. The insert, labelled carb-TE, is a class II transposable element that has an approximately 9-kb non-repetitive sequence tandemly repeated
Peppered_moth_evolution
DNA that does not code for proteins
without an explained origin is expected to have found its origin in transposable elements that were active so long ago (> 200 million years) that random
Non-coding_DNA
Biological process
genetic elements Mobilome Horizontal gene transfer Genomic island Transposable element Class I or retrotransposon Class II or DNA transposon Plasmid Fertility
Cell_division
Number of sets of chromosomes of a cell
species. However, polyploidization is associated with an increase in transposable element content and relaxed purifying selection on recessive deleterious
Ploidy
Biological process
genetic elements Mobilome Horizontal gene transfer Genomic island Transposable element Class I or retrotransposon Class II or DNA transposon Plasmid Fertility
DNA_replication
Patterns of nucleic acids that occur in multiple copies throughout the genome
retrotransposons as "Class I" and DNA transposons as "Class II" transposable elements. Transposable elements are estimated to constitute 45% of the human genome
Repeated_sequence_(DNA)
Cellular process of protein synthesis
genetic elements Mobilome Horizontal gene transfer Genomic island Transposable element Class I or retrotransposon Class II or DNA transposon Plasmid Fertility
Translation_(biology)
Biological kingdom
for sports, trophies or profits. Non-human animals are also an important element of human culture, having appeared in cave arts and totems since the earliest
Animal
for Comprehensive Differential Analysis of RNA-Seq Data. TeXP is a Transposable Element quantification pipeline that deconvolves pervasive transcription
List of RNA-Seq bioinformatics tools
List_of_RNA-Seq_bioinformatics_tools
Enzyme that catalyzes movement of transposable elements
of causing a fatal mutation in the host, and thus eliminating the transposable element. One of the reasons Tn5 is so unreactive is because the N- and C-termini
Transposase
Topics referred to by the same term
Technologies, a delivery robot company Starship (genetics), a type of transposable element found in fungi Search for "starship" or "star-ship" on Wikipedia
Starship_(disambiguation)
Largest class of small non-coding RNA molecules in animals
flamenco locus was difficult, as it turned out to be packed with transposable element fragments (104 insertions of 42 different transposons, including
Piwi-interacting_RNA
Group of mostly-nocturnal insects in the order Lepidoptera
"The industrial melanism mutation in British peppered moths is a transposable element". Nature. 534 (7605): 102–105. Bibcode:2016Natur.534..102H. doi:10
Moth
Unique single-celled organism of uncertain taxonomy
Reverse transcriptase-related cellular gene Retrosequence Ribozyme Spiegelman's Monster shorter form Tandem repeat Transposable element Transpoviron Xenobot
Parakaryon
Region of often-methylated DNA with a cytosine followed by a guanine
Peter L.; Jones, Peter A. (11 August 2020). "DNA methylation enables transposable element-driven genome expansion". Proceedings of the National Academy of
CpG_site
Type of genetically engineered chromosome
chromosomes is "Inhibition of RNA Interference and Modulation of Transposable Element Expression by Cell Death in Drosophila". This paper demonstrates
Balancer_chromosome
Mobile genetic elements
from bacterial chromosomes. Transposons that, besides their inherent transposable activity, can additionally be subject to horizontal gene transfer via
Integrative and conjugative element
Integrative_and_conjugative_element
HGNC:34519 POGK – pogo transposable element derived with KRAB domain. NCBI Gene 57645. PGBD1 – piggyBac transposable element derived 1. NCBI Gene 84547
FAM200C
Computer user interface method
Publishing Interchange Language Simultaneous editing X Window selection Transposable element — Cut, copy, and paste in the genome. "What is skeuomorphism?". BBC
Cut,_copy,_and_paste
Reverse transcriptase-related cellular gene Retrosequence Ribozyme Spiegelman's Monster shorter form Tandem repeat Transposable element Transpoviron Xenobot
Earliest_known_life_forms
RNA-based gene silencing process
prominent role of RdDM is the stable, transgenerational suppression of transposable element (TE) activity. RdDM has also been linked to pathogen defense, abiotic
RNA-directed_DNA_methylation
Transition mutation Translation Translocase (EF-G) Translocation Transposable element Transposition Transposon Transversion Triplet Triplet code Triploid Trisomic
Index_of_genetics_articles
Removal of an amino group from a molecule
Peter L.; Jones, Peter A. (11 August 2020). "DNA methylation enables transposable element-driven genome expansion". Proceedings of the National Academy of
Deamination
Cancer capable of infecting other individuals
Reverse transcriptase-related cellular gene Retrosequence Ribozyme Spiegelman's Monster shorter form Tandem repeat Transposable element Transpoviron Xenobot
Clonally_transmissible_cancer
Genetic element
Makałowski W, Toda Y (2007). "Modulation of Host Genes by Mammalian Transposable Elements". In Volff JN, Schmid M (eds.). Gene and Protein Evolution.
Retroposon
Viruses can become part of the DNA of those they infect
Endogenous foamy viruses Paleovirology Syncytin Transposable element Long interspersed nuclear element Symbiogenesis Viriform Katzourakis, Aris; Gifford
Endogenization
Domain of life whose cells have nuclei
Reverse transcriptase-related cellular gene Retrosequence Ribozyme Spiegelman's Monster shorter form Tandem repeat Transposable element Transpoviron Xenobot
Eukaryote
Clade of mammals
data) supported the Epitheria clade, more extensive analysis of such transposable element insertions around the time of the divergence of Xenarthra, Afrotheria
Epitheria
Eukaryotes other than animals, plants or fungi
Reverse transcriptase-related cellular gene Retrosequence Ribozyme Spiegelman's Monster shorter form Tandem repeat Transposable element Transpoviron Xenobot
Protist
Infectious agent that replicates in cells
Reverse transcriptase-related cellular gene Retrosequence Ribozyme Spiegelman's Monster shorter form Tandem repeat Transposable element Transpoviron Xenobot
Virus
size. Transposable elements accumulate nucleotide substitutions over evolutionary time, and are prone to genetic rearrangements. Often, transposable elements
Genome evolution in seadragons
Genome_evolution_in_seadragons
Cell organelle in a few species
genetic elements Mobilome Horizontal gene transfer Genomic island Transposable element Class I or retrotransposon Class II or DNA transposon Plasmid Fertility
Mitosome
Problem in computer science
m) element, for n = 0,...,N−1 and m = 0,...,M−1, is stored at an address a = Mn + m (plus some offset in memory, which we ignore). In the transposed M×N
In-place_matrix_transposition
Biological process
of a transposable element, and from there transposon mutagenesis has been exploited as a biological tool. In the case of bacteria, transposition mutagenesis
Transposon_mutagenesis
Biological process
found in both active genes and transposable elements, while CHG and CHH are usually relegated to silenced transposable elements. It is not clear how the
DNA_methylation
Process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA
genetic elements Mobilome Horizontal gene transfer Genomic island Transposable element Class I or retrotransposon Class II or DNA transposon Plasmid Fertility
Transcription_(biology)
Operation in music
space as in pitch class transposition. List of music software Modulation (music) Pitch shift Transposing instrument Capo p = element, P = twelve-tone series
Transposition_(music)
Species of hydrozoan
David, CN; Steele, RE; Martínez, DE (2019). "Expansion of a single transposable element family is associated with genome-size increase and radiation in the
Hydra_oligactis
Organelle in eukaryotic cells responsible for respiration
diseases. The mitochondria-associated ER membrane (MAM) is another structural element that is increasingly recognized for its critical role in cellular physiology
Mitochondria
Kingdom of organisms
Reverse transcriptase-related cellular gene Retrosequence Ribozyme Spiegelman's Monster shorter form Tandem repeat Transposable element Transpoviron Xenobot
Plant
Domain of organisms
sulfur cycle, archaea that grow by oxidizing sulfur compounds release this element from rocks, making it available to other organisms, but the archaea that
Archaea
Tumor cell
Reverse transcriptase-related cellular gene Retrosequence Ribozyme Spiegelman's Monster shorter form Tandem repeat Transposable element Transpoviron Xenobot
Cancer_cell
Genus of birds
Transposable elements are a major source of genetic diversity and can contribute to the evolution of new genes and regulatory elements. Transposable elements
Ramphastos
Rock and sediment microstructure
Reverse transcriptase-related cellular gene Retrosequence Ribozyme Spiegelman's Monster shorter form Tandem repeat Transposable element Transpoviron Xenobot
Nanobe
Inherited retrovirus encoded in an organism's genome
PMC 2065876. PMID 17997601. Kong Y, Rose CM, Cass AA, et al. (2019). "Transposable element expression in tumors is associated with immune infiltration and increased
Endogenous_retrovirus
Tn10 is a transposable element, which is a sequence of DNA that is capable of mediating its own movement from one position in the DNA of the host organism
Tn10
Prion that infects fungal hosts
Reverse transcriptase-related cellular gene Retrosequence Ribozyme Spiegelman's Monster shorter form Tandem repeat Transposable element Transpoviron Xenobot
Fungal_prion
Species of fly
divergence of the mariner element between the two species subgroups suggests a slower evolution rate of the mariner transposable element. A slowing mariner mutation
Zaprionus_tuberculatus
Plant cell organelles that perform photosynthesis and store starch
Reverse transcriptase-related cellular gene Retrosequence Ribozyme Spiegelman's Monster shorter form Tandem repeat Transposable element Transpoviron Xenobot
Plastid
Extinct species of bird
defective transposable element family from Phytophthora infestans was named DodoPi as it contained mutations that eliminated the element's ability to
Dodo
within the transposable element itself; thus the element's products are self-acting and can autonomously direct their own replication. Transposed sequences
Glossary of cellular and molecular biology (M–Z)
Glossary_of_cellular_and_molecular_biology_(M–Z)
Viral parasites of giant viruses
Reverse transcriptase-related cellular gene Retrosequence Ribozyme Spiegelman's Monster shorter form Tandem repeat Transposable element Transpoviron Xenobot
Virophage
Genus of bacteria
Reverse transcriptase-related cellular gene Retrosequence Ribozyme Spiegelman's Monster shorter form Tandem repeat Transposable element Transpoviron Xenobot
Nanobacterium
genomic instability and can cause extremely deleterious mutations. Transposable element insertions have been linked to many diseases including hemophilia
Transposon_silencing
Botanical classification of the genus Citrus
the latter that a genetic mutation caused by the insertion of a transposable element adjacent to the CitRKD1 gene led to the ability of these mandarins
Citrus_taxonomy
DNA region replicating from a single origin
genetic elements Mobilome Horizontal gene transfer Genomic island Transposable element Class I or retrotransposon Class II or DNA transposon Plasmid Fertility
Replicon_(genetics)
Genus of lobe-finned fishes from the Indian Ocean
fossil members of the taxa), the non-coding regions subject to higher transposable element activity show marked divergence even between the two extant coelacanth
Latimeria
Organisation of viruses into a taxonomic system
Nomenclature codes Prion Taxon Taxonomy Trinomial nomenclature Virology Transposable element Retrozyme Simmonds P, Adriaenssens EM, Lefkowitz EJ, Oksanen HM,
Virus_classification
Mobile genetic element in the primate genome (including human genome)
luteus (Alu) restriction endonuclease. Alu elements are the most abundant transposable elements in the human genome, present in excess of one million copies
Alu_element
Amount of DNA contained in a genome
genomes Non-coding DNA Plant DNA C-values Database Selfish genetic element Transposable element Dolezel J, Bartoš J, Voglmayr H, Greilhuber J (2003). "Nuclear
Genome_size
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