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Endocrine gland in the neck
The thyroid, or thyroid gland, is an endocrine gland in vertebrates. In humans, it is a butterfly-shaped or H-shaped gland located in the neck below the
Thyroid
Excessive production of thyroid hormone
which the thyroid gland produces excessive amounts of thyroid hormones. Thyrotoxicosis is a condition that occurs due to elevated levels of thyroid hormones
Hyperthyroidism
Autoimmune endocrine disease
affects the thyroid. It frequently results in, and is the most common cause of, hyperthyroidism. It also often results in an enlarged thyroid. Signs and
Graves'_disease
Insufficient production of thyroid hormones
Hypothyroidism is an endocrine disease in which the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones. It can cause a number of symptoms, such as
Hypothyroidism
Malignancy originating in the thyroid gland
Thyroid cancer is cancer that develops from the tissues of the thyroid gland. It is a disease in which cells grow abnormally and have the potential to
Thyroid_cancer
Collective term for blood tests used to check the function of the thyroid
Thyroid function tests (TFTs) is a collective term for blood tests used to check the function of the thyroid. TFTs may be requested if a patient is thought
Thyroid_function_tests
Hormones produced by the thyroid gland
Thyroid hormones are two hormones produced and released by the thyroid gland: triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). They are tyrosine-based hormones
Thyroid_hormones
Branch of medicine pertaining to the endocrine system
affect the actions of different organ systems in the body. Examples include thyroid hormone, growth hormone, and insulin. The endocrine system involves a number
Endocrinology
Medical condition
Thyroid disease is a medical condition that affects the structure and/or function of the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is located at the front of the
Thyroid_disease
Enzyme expressed mainly in the thyroid gland
Thyroid peroxidase, also called thyroperoxidase (TPO), thyroid specific peroxidase or iodide peroxidase, is an enzyme expressed mainly in the thyroid
Thyroid_peroxidase
Cartilage that makes up the laryngeal skeleton
The thyroid cartilage is the largest of the nine cartilages that make up the laryngeal skeleton, the cartilage structure in and around the trachea that
Thyroid_cartilage
Family of glycoprotein hormones in vertebrata
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (also known as thyrotropin, thyrotropic hormone, or abbreviated TSH) is a pituitary hormone that stimulates the thyroid gland
Thyroid-stimulating_hormone
Endocrine disease
Thyroid storm is a rare but severe and life-threatening complication of hyperthyroidism. It occurs when an overactive thyroid leads to hypermetabolism
Thyroid_storm
Most aggressive form of thyroid cancer
Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC), also known as anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, is an aggressive form of thyroid cancer characterized by uncontrolled growth
Anaplastic_thyroid_cancer
Medical condition
Thyroid lymphoma is a rare cancer constituting 1% to 2% of all thyroid cancers and less than 2% of lymphomas. Thyroid lymphomas are classified as non–Hodgkin's
Thyroid_lymphoma
Lump of tissue or fluid in the thyroid gland
Thyroid nodules are nodules (raised areas of tissue or fluid) which commonly arise within an otherwise normal thyroid gland. They may be hyperplastic
Thyroid_nodule
Autoimmune disease
autoimmune disease in which the thyroid gland is gradually destroyed. Early on, symptoms may not be noticed. Over time, the thyroid may enlarge, forming a painless
Hashimoto's_thyroiditis
Thyroid gland prepared for medical use
Desiccated thyroid extract (DTE), is thyroid gland that has been dried and powdered for medical use. It is used to treat hypothyroidism, but less preferred
Desiccated_thyroid_extract
Hormone-producing glands of a body
for all endocrine systems. In humans, the major endocrine glands are the thyroid, parathyroid, pituitary, pineal, and adrenal glands, and the (male) testis
Endocrine_system
Medical condition
Papillary thyroid cancer (papillary thyroid carcinoma, PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer, representing 75 percent to 85 percent of all thyroid cancer
Papillary_thyroid_cancer
In CT scan of the thyroid, focal and diffuse thyroid abnormalities are commonly encountered. These findings can often lead to a diagnostic dilemma, as
Computed tomography of the thyroid
Computed_tomography_of_the_thyroid
Malignant thyroid neoplasm originating from C-cells
Medullary thyroid cancer is a form of thyroid carcinoma which originates from the parafollicular cells (C cells), which produce the hormone calcitonin
Medullary_thyroid_cancer
Hormone-producing cell in the thyroid gland
Thyroid follicular cells (also called thyroid epithelial cells or thyrocytes) are the major cell type in the thyroid gland, and are responsible for the
Thyroid_follicular_cell
Thyroid hormone
produced by the thyroid gland. It is the primary form of thyroid hormone found in the blood and acts as a prohormone of the more active thyroid hormone, triiodothyronine
Thyroxine
Chemical element with atomic number 53 (I)
heaviest essential mineral nutrient, iodine is required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Iodine deficiency affects about two billion people and is the
Iodine
1986 nuclear accident in the Soviet Union
radiation-related fatalities occurred. As of 2005, 6000 cases of childhood thyroid cancer occurred within the affected populations (15 of them fatal), "a
Chernobyl_disaster
Ionic compound (KI)
treating hyperthyroidism, in radiation emergencies, and for protecting the thyroid gland when certain types of radiopharmaceuticals are used. It is also used
Potassium_iodide
International observance, 26 may
the public about the importance of the thyroid gland and raising awareness about thyroid-related diseases. Thyroid disorders are considered one of the most
World_Thyroid_Day
Hormone antagonist acting upon thyroid hormones
An antithyroid agent is a hormone inhibitor acting upon thyroid hormones. The main antithyroid drugs are carbimazole (in the UK), methimazole (in the
Antithyroid_agent
Isotope of iodine
isotope are sometimes less dangerous than low doses, since they tend to kill thyroid tissues that would otherwise become cancerous as a result of the radiation
Iodine-131
Assessment of Chernobyl's impact on Earth since 1986
years old worldwide are affected by thyroid cancer. Research has shown after the Chernobyl disaster the level of thyroid cancer, particularly in children
Effects of the Chernobyl disaster
Effects_of_the_Chernobyl_disaster
Artery of the neck
The inferior thyroid artery is an artery in the neck. It arises from the thyrocervical trunk and passes upward, in front of the vertebral artery and longus
Inferior_thyroid_artery
Thyroid hormone medication
known as L-thyroxine, is a synthetic form of the thyroid hormone thyroxine (T4). It is used to treat thyroid hormone deficiency (hypothyroidism), including
Levothyroxine
Nuclear protein
The thyroid hormone receptor (TR) is a type of nuclear receptor that is activated by binding thyroid hormone. TRs act as transcription factors, ultimately
Thyroid_hormone_receptor
Feature of the neck
Adam's apple is the protrusion in the neck formed by the angle of the thyroid cartilage surrounding the larynx, typically visible in men and less so
Adam's_apple
Medical condition
Graves' ophthalmopathy, also known as thyroid eye disease (TED), is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder of the orbit and periorbital tissues, characterized
Graves'_ophthalmopathy
Medical condition
Hypothyroidism is an endocrine disorder in which the thyroid gland fails to produce sufficient thyroid hormones. Hypothyroidism is one of the most common
Hypothyroidism_in_dogs
The American Thyroid Association (ATA) is a professional organization of over 1,700 medical specialists devoted to thyroid biology and to the prevention
American_Thyroid_Association
Topics referred to by the same term
Thyroid artery can refer to: the Inferior thyroid artery the Superior thyroid artery the Thyroid ima artery This disambiguation page lists articles associated
Thyroid_artery
Thyroid hormone deficiency present at birth
Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is a thyroid hormone deficiency present at birth. If untreated soon after birth, severe congenital hypothyroidism can lead
Congenital_hypothyroidism
Benign tumor of the thyroid gland
A thyroid adenoma is a benign tumor of the thyroid gland, that may be inactive or active (functioning autonomously) as a toxic adenoma. A thyroid adenoma
Thyroid_adenoma
Neck swelling due to enlarged thyroid gland
swelling in the neck resulting from an enlarged thyroid gland. A goitre can be associated with a thyroid that is not functioning properly. Worldwide, over
Goitre
Ligament of the thyroid and trachea
the thyroid gland, or Berry's ligament, is a suspensory ligament that passes from the thyroid gland to the trachea. Both the trachea and the thyroid are
Suspensory ligament of thyroid gland
Suspensory_ligament_of_thyroid_gland
Thyroid disease in women is an autoimmune disease that affects the thyroid in women. This condition can have a profound effect during pregnancy and on
Thyroid_disease_in_women
Medical intervention
thyroid gland, the parathyroid glands, the adrenal glands, glands of the endocrine pancreas, and some neuroendocrine glands. Surgery of the thyroid gland
Endocrine_surgery
British health charity
The British Thyroid Foundation (BTF) is a UK-based, patient-led, registered charity dedicated to supporting people with thyroid disorders and helping
British_Thyroid_Foundation
Topics referred to by the same term
Thyroid veins can refer to: Inferior thyroid veins Middle thyroid vein Superior thyroid vein This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the
Thyroid_veins
The thyroid pouch or thyroid diverticulum is the embryological structure of the second pharyngeal arch from which thyroid follicular cells derive. It
Thyroid_diverticulum
Medical condition
Thyroid hormone resistance (also resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH), and sometimes Refetoff syndrome) describes a rare syndrome in which the thyroid
Thyroid_hormone_resistance
Zuckerkandl's tubercle is a pyramidal extension of the thyroid gland, present at the most posterior side of each lobe. Emil Zuckerkandl described it in
Zuckerkandl's tubercle (thyroid gland)
Zuckerkandl's_tubercle_(thyroid_gland)
Small size of an organism, caused by growth deficiency or genetic mutations
of dwarfism that can be treated through hormonal therapy. Injections of thyroid hormone can mitigate the effects of the condition, but lack of proportion
Dwarfism
Malignant tumor made of hormone-producing cells in the thyroid gland
well-differentiated follicular thyroid cancer. Thyroid follicular cells are the thyroid cells responsible for the production and secretion of thyroid hormones. Approximately
Follicular_thyroid_cancer
Topics referred to by the same term
Inferior thyroid may refer to: Inferior thyroid veins Inferior thyroid artery This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Inferior
Inferior_thyroid
Antibodies targeted against the thyroid
against one or more components on the thyroid. The most clinically relevant anti-thyroid autoantibodies are anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (anti-TPO antibodies
Antithyroid_autoantibodies
Medical condition
Pheochromocytoma (codons 630 and 634) and amyloid producing medullary thyroid carcinoma, PTC syndrome, or Sipple syndrome) is a group of medical disorders
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2
Multiple_endocrine_neoplasia_type_2
Topics referred to by the same term
Superior thyroid may refer to: Superior thyroid artery Superior thyroid vein This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Superior
Superior_thyroid
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Thyroid hormone receptor beta (TR-beta) also known as nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group A, member 2 (NR1A2), is a nuclear receptor protein that in humans
Thyroid_hormone_receptor_beta
Part of the neuroendocrine system
The hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis (HPT axis for short, a.k.a. thyroid homeostasis or thyrotropic feedback control) is part of the neuroendocrine
Hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis
Hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid_axis
Tumor of the thyroid gland
Thyroid neoplasm is a neoplasm or tumor of the thyroid. It can be a benign tumor such as thyroid adenoma, or it can be a malignant neoplasm (thyroid cancer)
Thyroid_neoplasm
Blood vessels
superior thyroid veins. While the superior and middle thyroid veins serve as direct tributaries to the internal jugular vein, the inferior thyroid veins
Inferior_thyroid_veins
Academic journal
Thyroid is a medical journal in the field of endocrinology, covering research on diseases of the thyroid. It is the official journal of the American Thyroid
Thyroid_(journal)
2011 nuclear accident in Japan
consequence of the accident. Large‑scale screening programs, including thyroid examinations for children and ongoing epidemiological surveys, have reported
Fukushima_nuclear_accident
Endocrine gland
Humans usually have four parathyroid glands, located on the back of the thyroid gland in variable locations. The parathyroid gland produces and secretes
Parathyroid_gland
Chemical compound
Triiodothyronine, also known as T3, is a thyroid hormone. It affects almost every physiological process in the body, including growth and development
Triiodothyronine
Endocrinological condition
but the thyroid gland does not appear to be dysfunctional. This condition may result from allostatic responses of hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid feedback
Euthyroid_sick_syndrome
Glands of the endocrine system that secrete hormones to blood
include the pineal gland, pituitary gland, pancreas, ovaries, testicles, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, hypothalamus and adrenal glands. The hypothalamus
Endocrine_gland
Blood vessel
superior thyroid artery arises from the external carotid artery just below the level of the greater cornu of the hyoid bone and ends in the thyroid gland
Superior_thyroid_artery
Endocrine gland of the brain
growth, blood pressure, energy management, all functions of the sex organs, thyroid gland, metabolism, as well as some aspects of pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding
Pituitary_gland
Malformation or misplacement of the thyroid
Thyroid dysgenesis is a cause of congenital hypothyroidism where the thyroid is missing (thyroid agenesis), ectopic, or severely underdeveloped. It should
Thyroid_dysgenesis
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
(NKX2-1), also known as thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1), is a protein which in humans is encoded by the NKX2-1 gene. Thyroid transcription factor-1
NK2_homeobox_1
unknowable. From model-based epidemiological studies, the incidence of thyroid cancer cases due to the accident by 2065 compared with other cancer-inducing
Deaths due to the Chernobyl disaster
Deaths_due_to_the_Chernobyl_disaster
Medication used for hyperthyroidism
prevents thyroid peroxidase enzyme from iodinating and coupling the tyrosine residues on thyroglobulin, hence reducing the production of the thyroid hormones
Carbimazole
called thyroid blockers when used in radiation protection. If a person consumes a dose of one of these chemical compounds, his or her thyroid may saturate
Thyroid_blocker
Surgical procedure
misnomer as the trachea is not involved) is a surgical procedure in which the thyroid cartilage is reduced in size by shaving down the cartilage through an incision
Chondrolaryngoplasty
American surgeon
the American Thyroid Association from 2022 to 2023 and chairs the committee responsible for developing its next differentiated thyroid cancer guidelines
Julie_Ann_Sosa
Species of salamander
animals with functioning thyroid glands, iodine in the form of iodide is selectively gathered into the colloid of the thyroid. Inside the colloid, iodide
Axolotl
Muscle of the larynx
It is innervated by the superior laryngeal nerve. Its action tilts the thyroid forward to help tense the vocal cords, thus increasing the pitch of the
Cricothyroid_muscle
Cell in the thyroid gland associated with cancer
A Hürthle cell is a transformed (metaplasia) thyroid follicular cell with "enlarged mitochondria and enlarged round nuclei with prominent nucleoli", resulting
Hürthle_cell
process that takes place in the thyroid gland. It is the incorporation of iodine into thyroglobulin for the production of thyroid hormone, a step done after
Organification
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Thyroid hormone receptor alpha (TR-alpha) also known as nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group A, member 1 (NR1A1), is a nuclear receptor protein that in
Thyroid hormone receptor alpha
Thyroid_hormone_receptor_alpha
Antiarrhythmic medication
interstitial pneumonitis, liver problems, heart arrhythmias, vision problems, thyroid problems, and death. If taken during pregnancy or breastfeeding it can
Amiodarone
Protein produced and used by the thyroid
glycoprotein produced by the follicular cells of the thyroid and used entirely within the thyroid gland. Tg is secreted and accumulated at hundreds of
Thyroglobulin
Medical intervention
the newborn). Thyroid cysts: High frequency thyroid ultrasound (HFUS) can be used to treat several gland conditions. The recurrent thyroid cyst that was
Medical_ultrasound
Medical condition
A cold nodule is a thyroid nodule that does not produce thyroid hormone. On a radioactive iodine uptake test a cold nodule takes up less radioactive material
Cold_nodule
Artery of the head and neck
The thyroid ima artery (thyroidea ima artery, arteria thyroidea ima, thyroid artery of Neubauer or the lowest thyroid artery) is an artery of the head
Thyroid_ima_artery
Neuroendocrine cells in the thyroid
the thyroid. They are called C cells because the primary function of these cells is to secrete calcitonin. They are located adjacent to the thyroid follicles
Parafollicular_cell
of iodine by the thyroid, radioiodine is extensively used in imaging of and, in the case of 131I, destroying dysfunctional thyroid tissues. Other types
Isotopes_of_iodine
Class of hormones
are both unrelated. An example of this is thyroid-stimulating hormone stimulating the thyroid; excess thyroid-stimulating hormone can create a goitre.
Trophic_hormone
Medical condition
that are classified: type 3a shows thyroid autoimmune disease in conjunction with type 1 diabetes, type 3b shows thyroid autoimmune disease in conjunction
Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 3
Autoimmune_polyendocrine_syndrome_type_3
Endocrine disorder in cats
hyperthyroidism is an endocrine disorder in which the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone. Hyperthyroidism is the most common endocrinopathy
Feline_hyperthyroidism
Medical diagnostic method
Thyroid's secretory capacity (GT, also referred to as thyroid's incretory capacity, maximum thyroid hormone output, T4 output or, if calculated from serum
Thyroid's_secretory_capacity
Substances that disrupt the production of thyroid hormones
production of thyroid hormones. This triggers the pituitary to release thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which then promotes the growth of thyroid tissue,
Goitrogen
Inflammation of the thyroid gland
Thyroiditis is the inflammation of the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is located on the front of the neck below the laryngeal prominence, and makes hormones
Thyroiditis
Surgical procedure involving partial or complete removal of the thyroid
part of the thyroid gland. In general surgery, endocrine or head and neck surgeons often perform a thyroidectomy when a patient has thyroid cancer or some
Thyroidectomy
American actress and model (born 1969)
been diagnosed with thyroid cancer, however, the prognosis is very good." She filed for bankruptcy due to medical expenses from thyroid cancer treatment
Angie_Everhart
Potential health issue in pregnancy
Thyroid disease in pregnancy can affect the health of the mother as well as the child before and after delivery. Thyroid disorders are prevalent in women
Thyroid_disease_in_pregnancy
effects of hyperthyroidism, although they can also be caused by other thyroidal conditions, such as Graves' ophthalmopathy, goitre and pretibial myxedema
Signs and symptoms of Graves' disease
Signs_and_symptoms_of_Graves'_disease
Effect of iodine on the thyroid
The Wolff–Chaikoff effect is a presumed reduction in thyroid hormone levels caused by ingestion of a large amount of iodine. It was discovered by Drs
Wolff–Chaikoff_effect
Bone situated in the neck between the chin and the thyroid-cartilage
situated in the anterior midline of the neck between the chin and the thyroid cartilage. At rest, it lies between the base of the mandible and the third
Hyoid_bone
Group of genetic conditions
type. *- of patients with MEN1 and gastrinoma FMTC = familial medullary thyroid cancer MEN 2B is sometimes known as MEN 3 and the designation varies by
Multiple_endocrine_neoplasia
THYROID
THYROID
THYROID
THYROID
Girl/Female
Assamese, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu
New
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
The Earth; Wish
Boy/Male
Australian, British, English, Finnish, French, German, Swedish, Ukrainian
Life
Girl/Female
Greek
Unheeded prophetess.
Boy/Male
American, Anglo, Australian, British, Chinese, English
A Huntsman; Hunter
Girl/Female
Indian, Tamil
Greatest Queen
Boy/Male
Japanese
Spread light.
Female
Egyptian
, the wife of Amenmeses.
Male
Finnish
Finnish form of Old High German Heinrich, HEIKKI means "home-ruler."
Girl/Female
Indian
Good looking, Attractive
THYROID
THYROID
THYROID
THYROID
THYROID
a.
Of or pertaining both to the cricoid and the thyroid cartilages.
a.
Of or pertaining to the thyroid body, thyroid cartilage, or thyroid artery; thyroideal.
a.
Of or pertaining to the thyroid cartilage of the larynx and the hyoid arch.
a.
Of or pertaining to the sternum and the thyroid cartilage.
n.
An enlargement of the thyroid gland, on the anterior part of the neck; bronchocele. It is frequently associated with cretinism, and is most common in mountainous regions, especially in certain parts of Switzerland.
n.
The operation of cutting into the thyroid cartilage.
a.
Thyroid.
a.
Shaped like an oblong shield; shield-shaped; as, the thyroid cartilage.
a.
Of or pertaining to both the thyroid and arytenoid cartilages of the larynx.