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Zoroastrian rebellion (781–805)
Tabaristan uprising (Persian: شورش طبرستان; Arabic: اِنْتِفَاضَةُ طَبَرِسْتَانَ ; 781–805) was a series of rebellions by the indigenous Zoroastrian population
Tabaristan_uprising
Series of Persian uprisings against Rashidun rule
important factor for several revolts throughout the region, like the Tabaristan uprising and other localized resistance to Arab rule. Islamic sources recognise
Persian revolts against the Rashidun Caliphate
Persian_revolts_against_the_Rashidun_Caliphate
755 AD uprising against the Abbasid Caliphate
gained support from the Dabuyid ruler, who was known as the ispahbadh of Tabaristan, Khurshid (r. 740–760), as Sunpadh sent a part of Abu Muslim's treasuries
Sunpadh_Rebellion
758–761 conquest in Iran
Also known as the Abbasid campaign against Tabaristan or the Abbasid invasion of Tabaristan (141–144 AH / 758–761 CE), was a military campaign launched
Abbasid conquest of Tabaristan
Abbasid_conquest_of_Tabaristan
Third Fitna 747–750 Abbasid revolution 755 Sunpadh Rebellion 781–805 Tabaristan uprising 809–827 Fourth Fitna 816–837 Babak Khorramdin Revolt 864–1041 Caspian
List_of_conflicts_in_Asia
ISBN 9781137578259. The Freedom Movement participated actively in the 1963 uprising, instigated by Khomeini. The leading and younger members of the movement
List of wars involving Iran (before 1979)
List_of_wars_involving_Iran_(before_1979)
8th-century Iranian nobleman and rebel
Arab conquest of Iran, thus forcing many Karenid nobles to withdraw to Tabaristan, where a branch of the family, the Qarinvand dynasty, had managed to withstand
Sunpadh
Supreme political and religious leadership position
persistent institutions, rendering the Zaydi states established in Yemen and Tabaristan unstable. As a result, the imamate often came to be passed down in hereditary
Imamate_in_Zaydi_doctrine
Zoroastrian uprising against the Abbasids
series of uprisings by Babak Khorramdin, who led the Khurramite movement from 816 to 837, after Javidhan. It was one of the largest Persian uprisings against
Babak_Khorramdin_Revolt
Branch of Shia Islam
Under Hasan ibn Zayd, the Alavids established a Zaydi state in Daylam and Tabaristan (northern Iran) in 864. It also expanded into Sa'dah (Yemen) around 893
Zaydism
9th- and 10th-century Arab religious leader; founder of the Zaydi Imamate in Yemen
state in Tabaristan, a mountainous region on the southern shores of the Caspian Sea. Between 884 and 889, Yahya and his family visited Tabaristan, then ruled
Al-Hadi_ila'l-Haqq_Yahya
Tahirid governor of Khorasan from 828 to 845
conflict with the local ruler of Tabaristan, the Ispahbadh Mazyar. As the ruler of the east, Abdallah claimed Tabaristan as a dependency and insisted that
Abdallah ibn Tahir al-Khurasani
Abdallah_ibn_Tahir_al-Khurasani
Youngest cousin of the Islamic prophet Muhammad
claim at Saqifa, he participated in military campaigns in Ifriqiya, and Tabaristan during the reigns of Umar and Uthman. During the later struggles for the
Ibn_Abbas
Mosque and mausoleum of Ali
The shrine was later expanded under the Alid ruler al-Da'i al-Saghir in Tabaristan, when a third structure of remarkable scale, reportedly containing seventy
Imam_Ali_Shrine
Calendar year
economic blockade of Istrian cities. Emir Mardavij ibn Ziyar invades Tabaristan and captures the city of Gorgan. The Daylamite military leader Makan ibn
932
Emir of the Samanids from 914 to 943
The Abbasids managed to recover Sistan for the last time, while Ray and Tabaristan were taken by the Zaydi Alid Hasan al-Utrush. Despite being unable to
Nasr_II
City in Mazandaran province, Iran
medallions are found. Herodotus in Histories, mentions the tribes of the Tabaristan, the Mard or the Amards In the time of the king Darius the Great from
Amol
Revolt in the Abbasid Caliphate
The Alid revolt of 762–763 or Revolt of Muhammad the Pure Soul was an uprising by the Hasanid branch of the Alids against the newly established Abbasid
Alid_revolt_of_762–763
Abbasid governor and police chief of Baghdad from 851 to 867
defeat the initial uprising and drive Hasan and his supporters to the mountains of Daylam, in the early 870s he managed to recover Tabaristan, establishing
Muhammad ibn Abdallah ibn Tahir
Muhammad_ibn_Abdallah_ibn_Tahir
Umayyad noble, general, and rebel (died 704)
distinguished, serving an unsuccessful tenure as Umayyad governor of Tabaristan, and becoming involved in the Second Fitna as a supporter of the anti-Umayyad
Ibn_al-Ash'ath
8th-century Abbasid-era official and governor
but he still occupied significant provincial governorships in Fars, Tabaristan, and Mosul. As an administrator, he distinguished himself for his fairness
Khalid_ibn_Barmak
8th-century Alid and Zaydi leader
Caliph Harun al-Rashid (r. 786–809). This prompted him to seek refuge in Tabaristan, a mountainous region along the southern shore of the Caspian Sea that
Yahya_ibn_Abdallah
Golden Horde. 'Sometime during the reign of Hasan Ibn Zaid, ruler of Tabaristan (r. 864–884), the Rus sailed into the Caspian Sea and unsuccessfully attacked
List of wars involving Ukraine
List_of_wars_involving_Ukraine
Abbasid official and Military leader
also campaigned against the ispahbadh Khurshid, the Persian ruler of Tabaristan. With the exception of a swift expedition west to retake Ahwaz during
Khazim_ibn_Khuzayma_al-Tamimi
747–750 overthrow of the Umayyad caliphate
prophet Muhammad from the Banu Hashim. Although Abu Muslim—who directed the uprising in Khurāsān—played a decisive organizational and military role, his precise
Abbasid_revolution
Country in West Asia
Arab control; the Daylam region was under the control of the Daylamites, Tabaristan was under Dabuyid and Paduspanid control, and Mount Damavand under Masmughan
Iran
Alid political and religious leader (c. 637–700)
imamate to Ibn al-Hanafiyya and his descendants. The sect emerged from the uprising of Mukhtar, whose death did not end the propaganda in favor of Ibn al-Hanafiyya
Muhammad_ibn_al-Hanafiyya
8th Abbasid caliph (r. 833–842)
Khurramite uprising of Babak Khorramdin in Adharbayjan, which was suppressed by al-Afshin in 835–837, and against Mazyar, the autonomous ruler of Tabaristan, who
Al-Mu'tasim
740 failed rebellion in the Umayyad Caliphate
Abbasids in 762. Zaydi agitation continued until 785 and re-erupted in Tabaristan under the leadership of the Zayd's son, Hasan ibn Zayd ibn Ali. His revolt
Revolts_of_Zayd_ibn_Ali
2nd Abbasid caliph (r. 754–775)
the treasures of Abu Muslim. He gained many supporters from Jibal and Tabaristan, including the Dabuyid ruler, Khurshid, who was paid with money from the
Al-Mansur
13th Abbasid caliph (r. 866–869)
the Tulunids in Egypt and the Saffarids in the East, Alid uprisings in Hejaz and Tabaristan, and the first stirrings of the great Zanj Rebellion in lower
Al-Mu'tazz
9th-century Iranian revolutionary leader
historian, Ibn Isfandyar, who composed the book Tarikh-e Tabaristan (History of Tabaristan), Maziar said: I (Maziyar) and Babak had made an oath and
Babak_Khorramdin
Jewish messiah claimant (fl. 1160)
which Alroy replied, "I am." The Sultan thereupon cast him into prison in Tabaristan. Three days later, while the Sultan and his council were engaged in considering
David_Alroy
Son of Zayd ibn Ali
Allah ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya. In 739/40 Yahya joined his father's uprising against the Umayyad Caliphate in Kufa. The revolt was swiftly crushed,
Yahya_ibn_Zayd
Isma'ili Imam and first Fatimid Caliph from 909 to 934
"Shi'a Century", which included the Zaydi principalities in Yemen and Tabaristan, the Hamdanids in Syria, and the Buyids in Persia and Iraq. As Shi'a imams
Abd_Allah_al-Mahdi_Billah
King of Kings of Iranians and non-Iranians
minister and Vistahm received the post of spahbed of the East, encompassing Tabaristan and Khorasan, which according to Sebeos was also the traditional homeland
Vistahm
Umayyad provincial governor (672–720)
Tabaristan's ruler, Farrukhan the Great, and his coalition from neighboring Daylam and Gilan, both Caspian-adjacent regions northwest of Tabaristan,
Yazid_ibn_al-Muhallab
Golden Horde. 'Sometime during the reign of Hasan Ibn Zaid, ruler of Tabaristan (r. 864–884), the Rus sailed into the Caspian Sea and unsuccessfully attacked
List of wars involving Kievan Rus'
List_of_wars_involving_Kievan_Rus'
Relations between the two largest Islamic sects
to this general domination which emerged in the form of the Zaidis of Tabaristan, the Buwayhid, the rule of the Sultan Muhammad Khudabandah (r. 1304–1316)
Shia–Sunni_relations
Qarmatian attack on the Abbasids
Qarmatians of Bahrayn remained uninvolved in the unsuccessful Isma'ili uprisings of the 900s against the Sunni Abbasid Caliphate in Syria and Iraq, or
Sack_of_Mecca
Late 7th-century Arab poet and Kharijite leader
al-Abrad al-Kalbi, to attack Ibn al-Fuja'a and his men who were encamped in Tabaristan. After fleeing to Semnan, Ibn al-Fuja'a was confronted by Sufyan's forces
Qatari_ibn_al-Fuja'a
Shia dynasty in Iran and Iraq (934–1062)
Kerman was conquered in 967, followed by Oman (967), the Jazira (979), Tabaristan (980), and Gorgan (981). After this, however, the Buyids went into a slow
Buyid_dynasty
3rd Abbasid caliph (r. 775–785)
defeat the uprising of Abdur Rahman bin Abdul Jabbar Azdi in Khorasan. He also defeated the uprisings of Ispahbud, the governor of Tabaristan, and Astazsis
Al-Mahdi
Leader of revolt against Abbasid Caliphate (716–763)
his uprising was the philologist Al-Mufaddal ad-Dabbi (d. between 781 and 787). He is said to have given Ibrahim temporary shelter before his uprising. After
Ibrahim_ibn_Abdallah
control; the region of Daylam was under the control of the Daylamites, while Tabaristan was under Dabuyid and Paduspanid control, and the Mount Damavand region
History_of_Iran
Burial site of Husayn ibn Ali in Karbala, Iraq
it. Around 280 AH (893–894 CE), al-Da'i al-Saghir, the Alid ruler of Tabaristan, further restored and expanded the shrine, marking another important stage
Imam_Husayn_Shrine
Influential Iranian family of Harun al-Rashid era
765, Khalid al-Barmaki received the governorship of Tabaristan, where he crushed a dangerous uprising. During his governorship of Upper Mesopotamia, Khalid
Barmakids
Sultan of the Seljuk Empire from 1037 to 1063
events, Gorgan and Tabaristan came under Seljuk control. Regarding the reason the Seljuks did not settle permanently in Tabaristan, Foruzani argues that
Tughril_I
Empire Principality of Serbia 913 AD 913 AD Caspian expedition of the Rus' Tabaristan Khazars Caucasian Albania Shirvan Volga Bulgaria Burtas Rus' Khaganate
List_of_wars:_before_1000
Last pre-Islamic Iranian empire (224–651 AD)
later became Gilaki in Gilan and Mazandarani (also known as Tabari) in Tabaristan, were spoken about in the same regions. Furthermore, some other languages
Sasanian_Empire
Hellenistic state in West Asia (312–63 BC)
remote place could be put down by resolute action from the center, an uprising in Syria-Coele would have undermined the kingdom's very existence. Following
Seleucid_Empire
17th Abbasid Caliph (r. 902–908)
the Arabian peninsula was likewise lost to local potentates, while in Tabaristan a radical Zaydi Shi'a dynasty took power. In Iraq, the rebellion of the
Al-Muktafi
Armed struggles for national independence
Alavids Abbasid Caliphate Middle East and North Africa Independence of Tabaristan from the Abbasid Caliphate 876 Rebellion of Domagoj Croatia East Francia
List_of_wars_of_independence
UNESCO World Heritage Site in Iran
just one example of such a retreat. In the context of their political uprising, the various spaces of Ismaili military presence took on the name dar al-hijra
Alamut_Castle
War in Mesopotamia
The Kharijite Rebellions were a major Kharijite uprising against the Abbasid Caliphate between 866 and 896. Centered in the districts of Mosul and Diyar
Kharijite Rebellions (866–896)
Kharijite_Rebellions_(866–896)
16th Abbasid Caliph (r. 892–902)
the Arabian peninsula was likewise lost to local potentates, while in Tabaristan a radical Zaydi Shi'a dynasty took power. Even in Iraq, the rebellion
Al-Mu'tadid
Founder and Shahanshah of the Sasanian Empire from 180 to 242
part of the public relative to the kings. Ibn Isfandiyar's History of Tabaristan is another one of Sasanian history sources. The Letter of Tansar is written
Ardashir_I
Third Islamic caliphate
replace the Umayyads. When Marwan learned of the Abbasid involvement in the uprising, he had Ibrahim arrested and thrown into prison, where he died or was executed
Abbasid_Caliphate
9th-century Zaydi Shia imam
foundation for the religious and legal systems of the Zaydi states in Tabaristan and Yemen, but were heavily amended by his grandson Yahya to a more mainstream
Al-Qasim_al-Rassi
Khwarazm Shah
Ray and Tabaristan, Sarjahan in Gilan for several days, and finally Dabuya near Amol on the Caspian sea. When the Mongols arrived in Tabaristan, he fled
Muhammad_II_of_Khwarazm
Nizari Isma'ili military order (1090–1256)
just one example of such a retreat. In the context of their political uprising, the various spaces of Isma'ili military presence took on the name dar
Order_of_Assassins
Abbasid official and military leader (died 818/9)
alongside his father, and according to al-Dinawari was named governor of Tabaristan in 760. After Khazim's death (the date is unknown, but sometime after
Khuzayma_ibn_Khazim
the list of rulers of Aq Qoyunlu. Various local Iranian dynasties in Tabaristan: Qarinvand dynasty (550s–11th century) Dabuyid dynasty (642–760) Bavand
List_of_monarchs_of_Iran
Ethnic group
Additionally, people from Bani Nahd participated in the conquest of Tabaristan. In the twentieth year of the Hijra, Abdullah bin Qais al-Taraghmi al-Kindi
Tribes_of_Yemen
Emperor of the Sasanian Empire from 590 to 628
minister and Vistahm received the post of spahbed of the East, encompassing Tabaristan and Khorasan, which was the traditional homeland of the Ispahbudhan. Soon
Khosrow_II
869–883 Revolt against the Abbasid Caliphate
al-Mas'udi, consider the Zanj revolt to be one of the "most vicious and brutal uprisings" of the many disturbances that plagued the Abbasid central government
Zanj_Rebellion
Historical record in which events are arranged year by year
Zizhi Tongjian Ming Veritable Records The Annals of Tabari (10th century Tabaristan Abbasid Caliphate) The German Annals (Annales Alamannici) Annals of Joseon
Annals
1090–1256 Nizari state in northwest Iran and Syria
just one example of such a retreat. In the context of their political uprising, the various spaces of Ismaili military presence took on the name dar al-hijra
Nizari_Ismaili_state
5th Abbasid caliph (r. 786–809)
and remained the bitter enemy of the Abbasids, while Egypt witnessed uprisings against Abbasids due to maladministration and arbitrary taxation. The
Harun_al-Rashid
Sogdian Iranian Abbasid general (died 841)
Afshin had begun intriguing with Mazyar, a Karenid prince and ispahbadh of Tabaristan in the Caspian region. Afshin allegedly encouraged Mazyar in secret, in
Khaydhar_ibn_Kawus_al-Afshin
Abbasid Caliph from 813 to 833
defeated rebels with him. Also, in 210 Hijri (825–826 CE), there was an uprising in Qum, sparked by complaints about taxes. After it was quashed, the tax
Al-Ma'mun
Iranian academic (1890–1946)
or Part of Khuzestan's History Histories of Tabaristan and Our Notes Sheikh Muhammad Khiabani's Uprising History of America's Discovery An Excerpt of
Ahmad_Kasravi
confederation. Originally a soldier in the service of the Ziyārīds of Ṭabaristān, 'Alī was able to recruit an army to defeat a Turkish general from Baghdad
History_of_Islam
861–870 crisis in the Abbasid Caliphate
al-Mas'udi, consider the Zanj revolt to be one of the "most vicious and brutal uprisings" of the many disturbances that plagued the Abbasid central government
Anarchy_at_Samarra
(775–785) al-Hadi, Caliph (785–786) Harun al-Rashid, Caliph (786–809) Tabaristan Dabuyid dynasty (complete list) – Dabuya, Spahbed (660–712) Farrukhan
List of state leaders in the 8th century
List_of_state_leaders_in_the_8th_century
927 raid against the Abbasid Caliphate
withdrew to their homes in the summer of 928. Their presence had led to uprisings by sympathizers, the so-called Baqliyya, in the Sawad of Kufa, but these
Qarmatian_invasion_of_Iraq
Day of the year
Antioch. 818 – Ermengarde, queen of the Franks 900 – Muhammad ibn Zayd, Tabaristan emir 959 – Gérard of Brogne, Frankish abbot 1078 – Iziaslav I of Kiev
October_3
Geopolitical region in Azerbaijan
while his brother and assistant 'Abd-Allah was delivered to the prince of Tabaristan, Ibn Sharvin, who had him put to death in Baghdad. Hewsen, Robert H. (2001)
Nagorno-Karabakh
14th Abbasid caliph in Mamluk Cairo
caliph al-Qa'im to abandon his support for Sayf ad-Din Inal and join the uprising. With the caliph providing symbolic legitimacy to the mamluks, they took
Al-Mustanjid_(Cairo)
Kuh in Mazandaran province, feature prominently in historical texts on Tabaristan and in Iranian mythology. In ancient legends, the Alborz range is referred
National_symbols_of_Iran
19th-century conquest of the Caucasus by the Russian Empire
of Turkmenchay "Sometime during the reign of Hasan Ibn Zaid, ruler of Tabaristan (r. 864–884), the Rus sailed into the Caspian Sea and unsuccessfully attacked
Russian conquest of the Caucasus
Russian_conquest_of_the_Caucasus
Great, ruler of Tabaristan in present-day Mazandaran province defeats the Muslim invasion under Yazid ibn al-Muhallab. 761 Tabaristan falls to Muslim
Timeline_of_Iranian_history
Zaydi state in Tabaristan, a mountainous region on the southern shores of the Caspian Sea. Yahya himself spent some time in Tabaristan, before being invited
Islamic_history_of_Yemen
Non-fiction account by Ahmad Kasravi
Turkmens to Adharbayjan during the rule of Vahsudan; Oghuz invasion of Tabaristan and war with Armenians; The arrival of the second group of Oghuzs in Adharbayjan
The_Forgotten_Kings
Sociocultural region in West and Central Asia
Akhbari-Usuli strands culminated in victory for the Usulis in Bahrain. An Afghan uprising led by Hotakis of Kandahar at the beginning of the 18th century resulted
Greater_Iran
City in Qazvin province, Iran
Asfar ibn Shiruya, who made himself ruler of the whole region between Tabaristan and Gorgan and Qom and Hamadan. In 927/8 (315 AH) Qazvin was the site
Qazvin
13th Abbasid caliph in Mamluk Cairo
convinced Caliph al-Qa'im to abandon his support for Inal and join the uprising. With the caliph providing symbolic legitimacy to the mamluks, they took
Al-Qa'im (Abbasid caliph at Cairo)
Al-Qa'im_(Abbasid_caliph_at_Cairo)
Abbasid-era Muslim civil war (811–819)
rulers sprang up in Jazira, Syria and Egypt. In addition, a series of Alid uprisings occurred, beginning with Abu'l-Saraya at Kufa and spreading to southern
Fourth_Fitna
Sunni Muslim dynasty of Tajik origin
and Timur's son Miran Shah destroyed the revolt. That same year, a new uprising led by a Shaikh Da'ud-i Khitatai in Isfizar was quickly put down by Miran
Kart_dynasty
Mamluk dynasty in Egypt and Syria (868–905)
Another follower of his, known as Abu Ruh, whose real name was Sakn, led an uprising in 874 CE (260 AH) in the desert of the Alexandria governorate. He rebelled
Tulunids
Abbasid governor of Kufa (from 750–765)
Wasit, Fars, and Ahwaz, but failed to synchronise his revolt with the uprising of Medina. As a result, Isa was able to suppress Muhammad in Medina and
Isa_ibn_Musa
Mythical Persian dynasty
figures (Gomer, Japheth or Noah). He also says that he was a lord in Tabaristan and Fars and that "everyone agrees" that he was the "father" of the Persians
Pishdadian_dynasty
7th to 19th-century Muslim conquests in present-day Afghanistan
Arabs controlled all Sasanian domains except some parts of Afghanistan, Tabaristan and Makran. Nancy Dupree states that advancing Arabs carrying the religion
Muslim conquests of Afghanistan
Muslim_conquests_of_Afghanistan
S2CID 72385358. Retrieved 8 September 2012. Constable, Olivia Remie (1997). "An Uprising Against the Amir Al-Ḥakam (796–822)". In Constable, Olivia Remie (ed.)
10th_century_in_literature
Shahanshah of the Sasanian Empire from 459 to 484
her and, at her request, lays the foundations of the city of Amol in Tabaristan. According to some sources, Hormizd III was pardoned and spared by his
Peroz_I
Abbasid prince and military leader (843–891)
peaceful relations and Amr's titles and possessions. The struggle against the uprising of the Zanj slaves in the marshlands of southern Iraq—according to Michael
Al-Muwaffaq
Arab historian, writer, poet and musicologist (897–967)
seem to have been informed of the latest Zaydī movements in Yemen and Ṭabaristān during his life, while his association with the Kūfan Zaydī community
Abu_al-Faraj_al-Isfahani
Decade
economic blockade of Istrian cities. Emir Mardavij ibn Ziyar invades Tabaristan and captures the city of Gorgan. The Daylamite military leader Makan ibn
930s
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