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The syntactic pivot is the verb argument around which sentences "revolve" in a given language. This usually means the following: If the verb has more
Syntactic_pivot
Pattern relating to the subject and object of verbs
transitive verb differently. Such languages are said to operate with S/O syntactic pivot. This contrasts with nominative–accusative languages such as English
Ergative–absolutive_alignment
Topics referred to by the same term
compromised computer for attacks Syntactic pivot, the argument of the verb around which the sentence revolves Pivot language, an artificial or natural
Pivot
Language with a very low morpheme per word ratio
concept is that of an analytic language, which uses unbound morphemes or syntactical constructions to indicate grammatical relationships. Isolating and analytic
Isolating_language
Study of words and their formation
i-da-bəgwanəma PIVOT-the-mani χ-a-q'asa hit-the-otter s-isi-t'alwagwayu with-hisi-club kwixʔid i-da-bəgwanəma χ-a-q'asa s-isi-t'alwagwayu clubbed PIVOT-the-mani
Morphology_(linguistics)
Type of synthetic language
Zero-marking Dependent-marking Double-marking Head-marking Null-subject Syntactic pivot Theta role Word order VO languages Subject–verb–object Verb–subject–object
Agglutinative_language
Concept of sentence structure in linguistics
nominative or accusative argument will behave when placed in particular syntactic constructions. This has to do with the impact of alignment on the level
Nominative–accusative alignment
Nominative–accusative_alignment
System of word ordering
Zero-marking Dependent-marking Double-marking Head-marking Null-subject Syntactic pivot Theta role Word order VO languages Subject–verb–object Verb–subject–object
Verb–subject–object word order
Verb–subject–object_word_order
Rare permutation of word order
more accurately described as absolutive–verb–ergative (AVE) (see also syntactic ergativity). At least three of those languages (Makushi, Arekuna, and
Object–verb–subject word order
Object–verb–subject_word_order
Language where one kind of inflection indicates multiple changes of aspect
to use single inflectional morphemes to denote multiple grammatical, syntactic, or semantic features. For example, the Spanish verb comer ("to eat")
Fusional_language
Sentence structure; the default word order in English
Zero-marking Dependent-marking Double-marking Head-marking Null-subject Syntactic pivot Theta role Word order VO languages Subject–verb–object Verb–subject–object
Subject–verb–object word order
Subject–verb–object_word_order
Order of syntactic constituents
linguistics, word order (also known as linear order) is the order of the syntactic constituents of a language. Word order typology studies it from a cross-linguistic
Word_order
Grammatical relationship between arguments
Distinctions may be made morphologically (through case and agreement), syntactically (through word order), or both. The following notations will be used
Morphosyntactic_alignment
Language whose grammar rarely uses word inflection
into a single word, using affixes regularly. In an analytic language, syntactic roles are assigned to words primarily by word order. For example, in English
Analytic_language
parameters. However, the Yuman language Havasupai is reported to have a purely syntactic case system, with a suffix -č marking all subjects of transitive and intransitive
Marked_nominative_alignment
Grammatical phenomenon in Austronesian
manifests itself as a voice affix on the verb that corresponds to the syntactic role of a noun within the clause, that is either marked for a particular
Symmetrical_voice
Zero-marking Dependent-marking Double-marking Head-marking Null-subject Syntactic pivot Theta role Word order VO languages Subject–verb–object Verb–subject–object
Secundative_language
Type of morphosyntactic alignment in linguistic typology
language would treat the "she" in "she runs" as morphologically and/or syntactically distinct from either argument in "he likes her". Which languages constitute
Tripartite_alignment
Type of language morphology
A synthetic language is a language that is characterized by denoting syntactic relationships between words via inflection or agglutination. Synthetic
Synthetic_language
Highly inflected language with many morphemes per word
polysynthetic languages is a tendency to use head marking as a means of syntactic cohesion. This means that many polysynthetic languages mark grammatical
Polysynthetic_language
Type of morphosyntactic alignment in linguistic typology
Zero-marking Dependent-marking Double-marking Head-marking Null-subject Syntactic pivot Theta role Word order VO languages Subject–verb–object Verb–subject–object
Active–stative_alignment
Feature of language
Zero-marking Dependent-marking Double-marking Head-marking Null-subject Syntactic pivot Theta role Word order VO languages Subject–verb–object Verb–subject–object
Subject–object–verb word order
Subject–object–verb_word_order
Branch of linguistics
not limited to: phonological typology, which deals with sound features; syntactic typology, which deals with word order and form; lexical typology, which
Linguistic_typology
Feature in the typology of certain languages
but from the agreement of the verb with the subject as well as other syntactic and contextual cues such as word order and meaning[citation needed]).
Split_ergativity
Word order in which the verb comes before the object
Zero-marking Dependent-marking Double-marking Head-marking Null-subject Syntactic pivot Theta role Word order VO languages Subject–verb–object Verb–subject–object
Verb–object_word_order
Type of morphosyntactic alignment
Zero-marking Dependent-marking Double-marking Head-marking Null-subject Syntactic pivot Theta role Word order VO languages Subject–verb–object Verb–subject–object
Nominative–absolutive alignment
Nominative–absolutive_alignment
Type of marking in linguistics
Zero-marking Dependent-marking Double-marking Head-marking Null-subject Syntactic pivot Theta role Word order VO languages Subject–verb–object Verb–subject–object
Pertensive
Class of language where a sentence subject is not required
many non-pro-drop languages such as English and French must fill in the syntactic gap by inserting a dummy pronoun. "*Rains" is not a correct sentence;
Null-subject_language
Language classification
contexts within English, Hebrew, and other languages through the use of syntactic inversion for emphasis or rhetorical effect. The OSV order is also culturally
Object–subject–verb word order
Object–subject–verb_word_order
Word order common in Germanic languages
avoid tense-first. The LEFT movement is free from syntactic rules which is evidence for a post-syntactic phenomenon. With the LEFT movement, V2 word order
V2_word_order
Grammatical feature of adverb order
Zero-marking Dependent-marking Double-marking Head-marking Null-subject Syntactic pivot Theta role Word order VO languages Subject–verb–object Verb–subject–object
Time–manner–place
Type of word order
"The Syntax of Subject-Final Languages". In Lehmann, Winfred P. (ed.). Syntactic Typology: Studies in the Phenomenology of Language. University of Texas
Object–subject_word_order
Languages which place objects before verbs
Zero-marking Dependent-marking Double-marking Head-marking Null-subject Syntactic pivot Theta role Word order VO languages Subject–verb–object Verb–subject–object
Object–verb_word_order
Language in which certain pronouns may sometimes be omitted
Zero-marking Dependent-marking Double-marking Head-marking Null-subject Syntactic pivot Theta role Word order VO languages Subject–verb–object Verb–subject–object
Pro-drop_language
Proposed concept in linguistic typology
(SAP), the first or second person. Neither a morphological feature nor a syntactic feature is common to all inverse systems. Direct-inverse systems on verbs
Direct–inverse_alignment
Phrase in linguistics
formal device for representing syntactic argument structure—the number and type of noun phrases—required syntactically by a particular verb. For example
Theta_role
Word or a group of words
In syntactic analysis, a constituent is a word or a group of words that function as a single unit within a hierarchical structure. The constituent structure
Constituent_(linguistics)
Way of classifying the world's languages
every gismu (basic word, not counting particles) involves pre-determined syntactical roles for every gismu coming after it in a clause, though it does involve
Morphological_typology
Linguistic classification
that have articles) Many functional linguists do not posit an underlying syntactic tree in which a verb-initial language is SVO. Rather than try to find
Verb-initial_word_order
proposal is a result of moving the verb phrase to a higher position in a syntactic tree form. The verb phrase is assumed to move to the specifier position
Subject_side_parameter
Programming language
that should be after 'Pivot' qsort([Front || Front <- Rest, Front < Pivot]) ++ [Pivot] ++ qsort([Back || Back <- Rest, Back >= Pivot]). The above example
Erlang_(programming_language)
Binding relation that may employ a morphologically different set of anaphoric forms
the environment where use of logophoric pronouns is possible. Several syntactic and semantic accounts have been suggested. While some languages may not
Logophoricity
Austronesian language spoken on Sulawesi, Indonesia
look.for-UV.2 HON PN 'The keys are being looked for by Winarno.' The syntactic pivot can be placed before the predicate, as shown: gaukan king no-gutu AV
Totoli_language
General-purpose programming language
e., n 2 / 3 + ln ( n 2 ) {\displaystyle n^{2/3}+\ln(n^{2})} ): Some syntactic differences in this code are: Scala does not require semicolons (;) to
Scala_(programming_language)
Programming language derived from Perl
usage for containers, the ambiguity between the select functions, and the syntactic impact of bareword filehandles. There were many other problems that Perl
Raku_(programming_language)
Type of machine translation
source language such that it is possible to convert its morphological, syntactic, semantic (and even pragmatic) characteristics, that is "meaning" into
Interlingual machine translation
Interlingual_machine_translation
Data structure or code used by a compiler
binary files. Abstract syntax tree – Tree representation of the abstract syntactic structure of source code BURS Bytecode – Instruction set designed to be
Intermediate_representation
Linguistic research program proposed by Noam Chomsky
takes two syntactic objects as its arguments and returns a new syntactic object. Movement can be derived if Merge takes as its arguments a syntactic object
Minimalist_program
Functional programming language
higher kinds (type constructors). Along with "do notation", which provides syntactic sugar for the Monad type class, this gave Haskell an effect system that
Haskell
Subroutine call performed as final action of a procedure
formalizes the intuitive notion of tail position exactly, by specifying which syntactic forms allow having results in tail context. Implementations allowing an
Tail_call
Expository writing concept
another opinion. The topic sentence is underlined to show the pivot point in the paragraph. Pivot topic sentences will always have some clue word, such as
Topic_sentence
Kiranti language spoken in Nepal
in both the nominal and verbal domain. Syntactically, Belhare has partly an accusative, partly an ergative pivot, but accusative syntax is more prominent
Belhare_language
Set of rules defining correctly structured programs
l == []: return [] pivot: T = l[0] return (qsort([x for x in l[1:] if x < pivot]) + [pivot] + qsort([x for x in l[1:] if x >= pivot])) Python 2.7+ also
Python_syntax_and_semantics
Inference rule in logic, proof theory, and automated theorem proving
combinatorial explosion was eliminated in 1965 by John Alan Robinson's syntactical unification algorithm, which allowed one to instantiate the formula during
Resolution_(logic)
Concept in linguistics
nominal coordinator. Switch-reference pivots are generally subjects, but can also be non-subjects as determined by syntactic (e.g. subject/object), semantic
Switch-reference
is evident in all areas, from lexical borrowing on a massive scale, to syntactic, morphological, and phonological convergence. This has prompted scholars
History_of_Sumer
Series of language models developed by Google AI
Teaches You More than Translation Does: Lessons Learned Through Auxiliary Syntactic Task Analysis". Proceedings of the 2018 EMNLP Workshop BlackboxNLP: Analyzing
BERT_(language_model)
American linguist (fl. 21st century)
Humanities Research Council of Canada. Some of her key areas of interest are: syntactic theory, language typology and universals, the syntax/morphology interface
Donna_Gerdts
Form of incorrect argument in natural language
of individual terms but on the level of the sentence as a whole due to syntactic ambiguity, for example: "The police were told to stop drinking on campus
Informal_fallacy
Informal fallacy and propaganda strategy
"you also"), in which an accusation is met with a counter-accusation, pivoting away from the original criticism. The strategy has been a hallmark of Soviet
Whataboutism
Languages associated with scientific research
specific features of scholastic Latin through numerous lexical and even syntactic borrowings from Greek and Arabic. The use of scientific Latin persisted
Languages_of_science
Automatic generation or recognition of paraphrased text
and Callison-Burch. The chief concept consists of aligning phrases in a pivot language to produce potential paraphrases in the original language. For
Paraphrasing (computational linguistics)
Paraphrasing_(computational_linguistics)
Type of grammatical voice
Somewhat less conventionally, markers that reduce a verb's transitivity by syntactically eliminating objects or demoting them to oblique arguments in accusative
Antipassive_voice
Mathematical algorithm for eliminating variables from a system of linear inequalities
Imbert permit the elimination of redundant inequalities based solely on syntactic properties of the formula derivation tree, thus curtailing the need to
Fourier–Motzkin_elimination
Programming language
Declare two instance variables. final num x, y; // A constructor, with syntactic sugar for setting instance variables. // The constructor has two mandatory
Dart_(programming_language)
List of interlinear glossing abbreviations
than 'garçon' and 'pomme'. Lehmann recommends that abbreviations for syntactic roles not be used as glosses for arguments, as they are not morphological
List of glossing abbreviations
List_of_glossing_abbreviations
American poet and literary critic
to evoke the way the climate of a period manner can suddenly be made to pivot into the private weather of a poem." Starnino also had mostly positive things
Adam_Kirsch
Shared linguistic features in southeastern Europe
the region) whilst other populations to whom the land is not a cultural pivot (as they have wider outside communities) may still adopt the features for
Balkan_sprachbund
Categorization of data using statistics
parsing, which assigns a parse tree to an input sentence, describing the syntactic structure of the sentence; etc. A common subclass of classification is
Statistical_classification
American scientist (1839–1914)
perceived inadequacy with reducing all mathematical reasoning to syllogisms, he pivots to seeing proof in terms of the observation and relational manipulation
Charles_Sanders_Peirce
Rhythmic pattern in Cuban music
Bertram Lehman regards the clave as a concept with wide-ranging theoretical syntactic implications for African music in general, and for David Peñalosa, the
Clave_(rhythm)
Degree to which a correct prediction of a system's state can be made
production. Further, predictability has been shown to have an effect on syntactic, semantic and pragmatic comprehension. In the study of biology – particularly
Predictability
therefore appear on the verb in up to three different shapes depending on its syntactic role. Which of the three cases a verb uses depends on its valency (how
Kabardian_verbs
on the verb in up to three different phonetic shapes depending on its syntactic role. (Note: The 3rd person absolutive is always a zero-morpheme (Ø),
Adyghe_verbs
Verb system of the Circassian languages
therefore appear on the verb in up to three different shapes depending on its syntactic role. In both languages the 3rd person singular absolutive is a zero-morpheme
Circassian_verbs
American philosopher
link' between the ancients and the moderns in the history of semiotic, a pivot as well as a divide between two huge intellective landscapes the ecology
John_Deely
Alternate way to define a function in APL
"pivot" at random among its major cells, then catenating the sorted major cells which strictly precede the pivot, the major cells equal to the pivot,
Direct_function
Chibchan language of Nicaragua
(from -up "eye" + ulis "hair"). New concepts can also be expressed syntactically, e.g. through genitive constructions such as preya aing nguu "church"
Rama_language
Austronesian language spoken on Sulawesi, Indonesia
adheres to the stress patterns as if the whole unit were one word), but syntactically functions as their own grammatical word. Reduplication in Pendau is
Pendau_language
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