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World War I military operation in the Balkans
The Struma operation was the occupation of a part of northeastern mainland Greece by the Bulgarian army during the First World War between 17–23 August
Struma_operation
World War I military theatre
they easily conquered all Greek territory east of the river Struma (see Struma operation) since the Greek army was ordered not to resist by the pro-German
Macedonian_front
World War I military operation
On 17 August 1916, in the Struma operation Bulgaria invaded Greece, easily conquering all Greek territory east of the Struma, since the Greek Army was
Vardar_offensive
1916 battle during the First World War
strike with the First Army and Second Army on both Allied flanks. The Struma operation on the eastern flank by the Bulgarian Second Army under General Todorov
Battle_of_Florina
Battle of World War I
с. 7 Вазов, В. Пос. съч, с. 122 Falls, Cyril Bentham (1933). Military Operations Macedonia. From the Outbreak of War to the Spring of 1917. History of
Battle_of_Doiran_(1917)
11th Division and it entered the fighting against British units in the Struma Valley. In May 1917 the division was reorganized on the model of the other
11th Macedonian Infantry Division
11th_Macedonian_Infantry_Division
Prince/Tsar of Bulgaria from 1887 to 1918
Krivolak 1916 First battle of Doiran • Battle of Florina (Lerin) • Struma operation • Monastir offensive 1917 Second battle of Doiran • 2nd Crna Bend •
Ferdinand_I_of_Bulgaria
1942 maritime attack in the Black Sea
The Struma disaster was the sinking on 24 February 1942 of the ship MV Struma which had been trying to take nearly 800 Jewish refugees from the Axis member
Struma_disaster
Bulgarian general
Krivolak 1916 First battle of Doiran • Battle of Florina (Lerin) • Struma operation • Monastir offensive 1917 Second battle of Doiran • 2nd Crna Bend •
Nikola_Zhekov
Bulgarian General
Bulgaria in the First World War, he commanded the 2nd Army. He led the operations in Macedonia which ended with the defeat of the Serbs in the Battle of
Georgi_Todorov_(general)
Bulgarian general, politician and revolutionary
Croats and Slovenes and undertook the obligation to suppress the military operations of the IMRO carried out from Bulgarian territory. In 1924, IMRO entered
Aleksandar_Protogerov
One of the treaties which ended World War I
Krivolak 1916 First battle of Doiran • Battle of Florina (Lerin) • Struma operation • Monastir offensive 1917 Second battle of Doiran • 2nd Crna Bend •
Treaty_of_Neuilly-sur-Seine
Bulgarian general
officer. He led the Bulgarian forces during the successful defensive operation at Dojran during the First World War. Vladimir Vazov was born on 14 May
Vladimir_Vazov
1918 rebellion of Bulgarian soldiers
Krivolak 1916 First battle of Doiran • Battle of Florina (Lerin) • Struma operation • Monastir offensive 1917 Second battle of Doiran • 2nd Crna Bend •
Radomir_Rebellion
1918 battle in the Balkans Campaign of World War I
Bulgaria invaded Greece, easily conquering all Greek territory east of the Struma, since the Greek Army was ordered not to resist by the pro-German King Constantine
Battle_of_Dobro_Pole
Operation of the Bulgarian Army
The Morava Offensive Operation (Bulgarian: Моравска настъпателна операция), (Serbian: Битка на Морави) was undertaken by the Bulgarian First Army between
Morava_Offensive
developing markedly in favor of the Central Powers, and while the Allied operation in Gallipoli turned into a costly stalemate, the Russians were being driven
Bulgaria_during_World_War_I
Bulgarian colonel and warfare pedagogue
Krivolak 1916 First battle of Doiran • Battle of Florina (Lerin) • Struma operation • Monastir offensive 1917 Second battle of Doiran • 2nd Crna Bend •
Boris_Drangov
strangers no more. Subjugation of Macedonia was part of Persian military operations initiated by Darius the Great (521–486 BC). In 513 BC - after immense
History_of_Bulgaria
Battle fought during WWI
Salonika Campaign in World War I. The battle consisted of a series of operations and is known by several names. In French, it is known as Bataille de la
Battle_of_Monastir_(1917)
1918 surrender of Bulgaria to the Allies of World War I
Krivolak 1916 First battle of Doiran • Battle of Florina (Lerin) • Struma operation • Monastir offensive 1917 Second battle of Doiran • 2nd Crna Bend •
Armistice_of_Salonica
Campaign during World War I
allowed the AOK to assign some units of the 2nd Army to take part in operations in Serbia before that date. Eventually, the AOK allowed General Oskar
Serbian_campaign
WWI battle on the Macedonian front
Krivolak 1916 First battle of Doiran • Battle of Florina (Lerin) • Struma operation • Monastir offensive 1917 Second battle of Doiran • 2nd Crna Bend •
Battle_of_Doiran_(1916)
World War 1 battle in Dobruja, Romania (1916)
Krivolak 1916 First battle of Doiran • Battle of Florina (Lerin) • Struma operation • Monastir offensive 1917 Second battle of Doiran • 2nd Crna Bend •
First_Battle_of_Cobadin
Battle of the Balkans Campaign of WW1
World War I. ISBN 0-7064-0398-3 Falls, Cyril Bentham (1935). Military Operations Macedonia. From the Spring of 1917 to the End of the War. History of the
Battle_of_Doiran_(1918)
Bulgarian general (1863–1917)
major offensive of the Central Powers during the Romanian Campaign. The operation was entrusted to the Bulgarian Third Army under General Stefan Toshev
Ivan_Kolev_(general)
battlefront in Dobruja. In October 1916, the Romanian army mounted a wide-scale operation, the main target of which was the defense of the mountain passes in the
Romania_in_World_War_I
Bulgarian general
Krivolak 1916 First battle of Doiran • Battle of Florina (Lerin) • Struma operation • Monastir offensive 1917 Second battle of Doiran • 2nd Crna Bend •
Kliment_Boyadzhiev
Military unit
the 80th infantry regiment and planned a demonstrative attack along the Struma by the Second Army in order to retake the heights. The plan, however, never
First_Army_(Bulgaria)
Bulgarian general
appointed commander of the Fourth Army, whose front extended along the Struma River and the Aegean coast. Following Bulgaria’s surrender and the demobilization
Stefan_Toshev
Battle during the First World War
the end of the war. With the onset of the winter of 1916, all military operations on the Macedonian Front abruptly ended. The three-month-long Monastir
Battle of the Crna Bend (1917)
Battle_of_the_Crna_Bend_(1917)
Bulgarian operation during the Serbian campaign of 1915
The Ovche Pole Offensive Operation (Bulgarian: Овчеполска настъпателна операция, Serbian: Битка на Овчем Пољу) was an operation of the Bulgarian Army that
Ovče_Pole_Offensive
World War I offensive in the Macedonian front
to protect the Rupel Pass. From this point on, no large operations were conducted on the Struma front until the end of the offensive. A prime problem for
Monastir_offensive
Massacre in Serbia
Vol. XIV. Athens: Ekdotiki Athinon. Falls, C. (1996) [1933]. Military Operations Macedonia: From the Outbreak of War to the Spring of 1917. History of
Štip_massacre
Bulgarian general
Krivolak 1916 First battle of Doiran • Battle of Florina (Lerin) • Struma operation • Monastir offensive 1917 Second battle of Doiran • 2nd Crna Bend •
Konstantin_Zhostov
of Katerini (? (1916 or 1917)) French invasiont of Thessaly (1917) Struma operation (1916) Note: Banditry of the Green Cadres Cattaro mutiny Judenburg
List of military engagements of World War I
List_of_military_engagements_of_World_War_I
Treaty between Germany and Bulgaria
Krivolak 1916 First battle of Doiran • Battle of Florina (Lerin) • Struma operation • Monastir offensive 1917 Second battle of Doiran • 2nd Crna Bend •
Bulgaria–Germany treaty (1915)
Bulgaria–Germany_treaty_(1915)
1916 WWI battle in Romania
Krivolak 1916 First battle of Doiran • Battle of Florina (Lerin) • Struma operation • Monastir offensive 1917 Second battle of Doiran • 2nd Crna Bend •
Second_Battle_of_Cobadin
crossed the Danube, liberated Svishtov and established their base of operations in the town. The soldiers were met with euphoria by the local Bulgarian
Panteley_Kiselov
Bulgarian army general (1867–1925)
Palace and promoted to major. In 1908 Nerezov was appointed Chief of the Operations Department of the Army Staff and as such took part in the preparations
Stefan_Nerezov
Peace treaty between Kingdom of Romania and the Central Powers
Romanian cavalry divisions. These would remain active until the military operations carried out by the Central Powers in Ukraine would eliminate the danger
Treaty_of_Bucharest_(1918)
Part of the Serbian campaign of World War I
Krivolak 1916 First battle of Doiran • Battle of Florina (Lerin) • Struma operation • Monastir offensive 1917 Second battle of Doiran • 2nd Crna Bend •
Kosovo_offensive_(1915)
WW1 Battle
Krivolak 1916 First battle of Doiran • Battle of Florina (Lerin) • Struma operation • Monastir offensive 1917 Second battle of Doiran • 2nd Crna Bend •
Battle_of_Bazargic
1915 treaty between Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire
Krivolak 1916 First battle of Doiran • Battle of Florina (Lerin) • Struma operation • Monastir offensive 1917 Second battle of Doiran • 2nd Crna Bend •
Bulgarian–Ottoman convention (1915)
Bulgarian–Ottoman_convention_(1915)
1916 military offensive in Bulgaria
were approaching the area. The Danube remained a barrier to military operations until half of Mackensen's army crossed it in late November 1916. The damage
Flămânda_Offensive
Krivolak 1916 First battle of Doiran • Battle of Florina (Lerin) • Struma operation • Monastir offensive 1917 Second battle of Doiran • 2nd Crna Bend •
Negotiations of Bulgaria with the Central Powers and the Entente
Negotiations_of_Bulgaria_with_the_Central_Powers_and_the_Entente
Theatre of WWI
Krivolak 1916 First battle of Doiran • Battle of Florina (Lerin) • Struma operation • Monastir offensive 1917 Second battle of Doiran • 2nd Crna Bend •
Balkan_Front_(World_War_I)
Opening battle of the Monastir Offensive
days of fighting, failed to achieve its objectives. On 27 August, the operation was called off, and the army was ordered to dig in on the positions between
Battle_of_Malka_Nidzhe
Military unit
Danube, dispatched additional forces from as far as Burgas. The Romanian operation soon stalled in the face of the bad weather, the determined resistance
Third_Army_(Bulgaria)
Bulgarian military officer (1881–1925)
Krivolak 1916 First battle of Doiran • Battle of Florina (Lerin) • Struma operation • Monastir offensive 1917 Second battle of Doiran • 2nd Crna Bend •
Krastyu_Zlatarev
Bulgarian Army unit
Taralezhkov. During which the division took part in the Bregalnitsa-Strumica Operation. The Division was disbanded in 1956. Азманов, Димитър. Български висши
7th_Rila_Infantry_Division
Bulgarian prisoner-of-war camp
On 17 August 1916, in the Struma Offensive Bulgaria invaded Greece, easily conquering all Greek territory east of the Struma, since the Greek Army was
Sliven_prisoner_of_war_camp
Bulgarian field army (1912-1945)
against the Germans in Vardar Macedonia during the Bregalnitsa-Strumica operation. On December 19, 1944, the army is finally disbanded. First Army Second
Fourth_Army_(Bulgaria)
Krivolak 1916 First battle of Doiran • Battle of Florina (Lerin) • Struma operation • Monastir offensive 1917 Second battle of Doiran • 2nd Crna Bend •
Mobilization of the Bulgarian Army in 1915
Mobilization_of_the_Bulgarian_Army_in_1915
Military unit
point onwards no large operations were conducted on the Struma front until the end of the offensive. For much of 1917 the Struma front was passive as the
Second_Army_(Bulgaria)
Battle in World War I
met at the Gorna Oryahovitsa train station to exchange thoughts on the operation. Relying on his better intelligence on Romanian forces in Dobruja and
Battle_of_Turtucaia
1915 battle
capture Skopje, thus rendering the continuation of Entente offensive operations dangerous and forcing the French to evacuate their forces from the region
Battle_of_Krivolak
Bulgarian military officer
Division. Under his command, the division conducted multiple military operations at the mouth of the Danube. It became famous for the release of Dobrich
Todor_Kantardzhiev
Village in Eastern Macedonia, Greece
occupied the region once again in 1916 during World War I, as part of the Struma operation. As a result of the Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine and the Lausanne Convention
Kato_Vrontou
Military unit
General Louis Franchet d'Espèrey announced that the initial plan of the operation was to be modified. The Italians were ordered to strike Kičevo with the
302nd Division (German Empire)
302nd_Division_(German_Empire)
WWII operations
attacked Axis shipping. Unfortunately this included sinking the refugee ship Struma sailing under a Red Cross flag, International Red Cross and the USSR were
Black Sea campaigns (1941–1944)
Black_Sea_campaigns_(1941–1944)
1940 ship bombing in Haifa, Mandatory Palestine
explicitly refers to Mardor's account. Aliyah Bet SS Exodus SS Ocean Vigour Struma disaster Malchiel Gruenwald (1882–1958) was allegedly implicated in the
Patria_disaster
Autoimmune endocrine disease
help being amazed by his bulging eyes, which had resulted from a botched operation for Graves' disease. Rota G. "Facts About Sia Furler | Popsugar Celebrity
Graves'_disease
World War II military campaign in 1941
and Greek military representatives, the Yugoslavs promised to block the Struma valley in case of a German attack across their territory. During this meeting
German_invasion_of_Greece
Romanian resistance movement during World War II (1940-1945)
Struma Yad Vashem, Shoah Resource Center, The International School for Holocaust Studies Gheorghiu, Șerban (1998). The tragedy of the ships "Struma"
Romanian resistance movement during World War II
Romanian_resistance_movement_during_World_War_II
Bulgarian revolutionary organisation, 1920–1934
organisation active in Western Thrace, the eastern part of Greek Macedonia (to the Struma river) and southern Bulgaria between 1920 and 1934. The reason for the establishment
Internal Thracian Revolutionary Organisation
Internal_Thracian_Revolutionary_Organisation
Planned tunnel in Blagoevgrad Province, Bulgaria
tunnel in Blagoevgrad Province, Bulgaria. The tunnel would have been part of Struma motorway (A3), that runs between Sofia and the border crossing to Greece
Kresna_Gorge_Tunnel
1912–1913 war between the Balkan League and the Ottoman Empire
additional men from the Struma Corps were to protect the right flank of the Vardar Army and prevent Bulgarian encroachment along the Struma. The Yanya Corps
First_Balkan_War
(259 mi) Onega- 416 km (258 mi) Someș - 415 km (258 mi) (tributary of Tisza) Struma - 415 km (258 mi) Adige - 410 km (250 mi) Skellefte - 410 km (250 mi) Tiber
List_of_rivers_of_Europe
Rohwer, Jürgen (1964). Die Versenkung der Judischen Flüchtlingstransporter Struma und Mefkura im Schwartzen Meer Feb. 1942–Aug. 1944 (in German). Frankfurt
List of maritime disasters in World War II
List_of_maritime_disasters_in_World_War_II
Rapid transit system in Bulgaria
"Iskarsko Shose" and, Ovcha kupel" -, Krasno selo" are not underground. Struma and Tsaritsa Yoanna stations are a planned extension of M1 line, west of
Sofia_Metro
on 19 February 2024. Retrieved 19 February 2024. "The design of lot 3 of Struma motorway is completed". stroitelstvo.info (in Bulgarian). 18 November 2013
List_of_longest_tunnels
Turkish vessels were also attacked near the Bosporus area, resulting in the Struma disaster. Once again, Axis defenses primarily consisted of Romanian-laid
Submarine warfare in the Black Sea campaigns (1942)
Submarine_warfare_in_the_Black_Sea_campaigns_(1942)
Town and municipality in Southern and Eastern Serbia, Serbia
Pčinja, Skopska Crna Gora (hereditary lands) and in the east, the Upper Struma river with Velbuzhd, a province notably larger than during Dušan's life
Preševo
Bulgaria's invasion of its neighbours (1913)
Bulgarian retreat through Struma Pass. On 11 July, the Greeks came in contact with the Serbs and then pushed up the Struma River. Meanwhile, the Greek
Second_Balkan_War
Calendar year
Santa Barbara, California, causing little damage. February 24 Struma disaster: MV Struma, carrying Jewish refugees from Axis-allied Romania to British-administered
1942
Reservoir in Pazardzhik Province, Bulgaria
basins in Rila, the systems of the Maritsa (45%), the Mesta (32%) and the Struma (23%). The total length of the derivation channels is 162 km, of them 51
Belmeken_Reservoir
1940 World War II mutual defense treaty
the fall of Greece, Bulgaria would obtain an Aegean coastline between the Struma and Maritsa Rivers. According to Article 17 of the Tarnovo Constitution
Tripartite_Pact
Overview of Israeli casualties during armed conflict
Retrieved on 2011-06-17. Aroni, Samuel (2002–2007). "Who Perished on the Struma And How Many?". JewishGen.org. Israeli military decorations by campaign
Israeli_casualties_of_war
Italian steamship sunk during WW2
Kurtuluş 22 Feb: Hanne, Sama 23 Feb: HMS P38 24 Feb: Columbia, Empire Celt, Struma (disaster) 26 Feb: Cassimir 27 Feb: HNLMS De Ruyter, HMS Electra, USS Langley
SS_Tembien
International airport in Bulgaria
Aleksandar Malinov to Sofia ring road which has an interchange with southbound Struma motorway (A3) A railway station at Iskarsko shose was inaugurated in April
Sofia_Airport
01000°N 41.19000°E / 42.01000; 41.19000 (Russian hospital ship Portugal) Struma Panama 24 February 1942 A refugee ship that was torpedoed by Shch-213 with
List of shipwrecks in the Atlantic Ocean
List_of_shipwrecks_in_the_Atlantic_Ocean
Military unit
to the east of Thessaloniki from January 1916 until the advance to the Struma in September 1916. From May 1916 it was one of two corps within the British
XVI_Corps_(United_Kingdom)
British politician (1880–1944)
immigration policy, and to have been responsible for the British hand in the Struma disaster, which followed a refusal to grant visas to Palestine for its Jewish
Walter Guinness, 1st Baron Moyne
Walter_Guinness,_1st_Baron_Moyne
French cruiser submarine (launched 1929)
Kriegsmarine would take over the French Fleet at the French armistice, executed Operation Catapult. The Royal Navy blockaded the harbours where French warships
French_submarine_Surcouf
Effect of cancer
spread such as the mass of the original growth, the initial location. Operation techniques. Vulvar cancer at Stage IVA will involve the lymph nodes. Traditionally
Lymphatogenous_metastasis
Country in Southeastern Europe
most of the Struma and Mesta valleys, the lower Sub-Balkan valleys); continental-Mediterranean zone (the southernmost areas of the Struma and Mesta valleys
Bulgaria
United States packet steamship
differences being deliberate according to the author's note. Patria disaster Struma disaster Antoinette Feuerwerker David Feuerwerker John Stanley Grauel Samuel
SS_Exodus
Claude Lanzmann English title: Sobibor, Oct. 14, 1943, 4 p.m. 2001 Canada Struma Radu Gabrea 2001 Slovakia Svedok Dušan Hudec 2002 Illusion Concerns Kurt
List_of_Holocaust_films
British mandate territory (1920–1948)
people; two other ships were sunk by Soviet submarines: the motor schooner Struma was torpedoed and sunk in the Black Sea by a Soviet submarine in February
Mandatory_Palestine
Sea between Africa, Asia, and Europe
including the area of the Mediterranean Sea Through the Ebro Through the Struma, Maritsa and Nestos, see Geography of Bulgaria#Hydrography Through the Drin
Mediterranean_Sea
Medical condition
utilized for early-stage cases that can feasibly be fully removed in an operation. After treatment is completed, surveillance for recurrence of SCCV should
Squamous cell carcinoma of the vagina
Squamous_cell_carcinoma_of_the_vagina
Musical artist
"Griffid" as Tribute to Mika and disco hits from 70th and 80th. "Greetings From Struma" – 1987 (single), vinil-BALKANTON "A Plea To The World" – 1990 (with Margarita
Deyan_Nedelchev
British Army infantry regiment
Lys, Bailleul, Kemmel, Courtrai, France and Flanders 1914-18, Kosturino, Struma, Macedonia 1915-17, Suvla, Sari Bair, Gallipoli 1915, Gaza, Jerusalem, Tell
Royal_Ulster_Rifles
Jews in Palestine before 1948
or Nazis. Many of these ships sank or were caught, such as the Patria, Struma and Bulgaria. Compared with the number of attempts, few ships actually arrived
Yishuv
Ocean liner
Secretary of the Navy Frank Knox; Admiral Harold R. Stark, Chief of Naval Operations (CNO); and Rear Adm. Randall Jacobs, Chief of the Bureau of Navigation
SS_Normandie
Line infantry regiment of the British Army from 1881 to 2006
Beaurevoir, Kortrijk, Selle, Sambre, France and Flanders 1914–18, Italy 1917–18, Struma, Doiran 1917, 18, Macedonia 1915–18, Gallipoli 1915–16, Rumani, Egypt 1916
Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders
Argyll_and_Sutherland_Highlanders
Comparison of genocides
into mandatory work battalions. Also in 1941, İnönü refused to allow the Struma, a Romanian boat with over 770 Jewish refugees, to dock in Turkey, and forcefully
Armenian genocide and the Holocaust
Armenian_genocide_and_the_Holocaust
Military unit
by a Bulgarian attack, and the British took up positions along the River Struma. 27th Division was then ordered to destroy two railway bridges across its
1st_Somersetshire_Engineers
Destroyer of the Royal Navy
during the laying of a deep minefield in NW approaches to Irish Sea (Operation SN41). After this, she was part of the escort of the battlecruiser Repulse
HMS_Electra_(H27)
STRUMA OPERATION
STRUMA OPERATION
STRUMA OPERATION
STRUMA OPERATION
STRUMA OPERATION
STRUMA OPERATION
STRUMA OPERATION
STRUMA OPERATION
STRUMA OPERATION