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Software identifier
The SoftWare Hash IDentifier (SWHID) is a persistent identifier used to uniquely identify a particular piece of software source code and its version. SWHID
SoftWare_Hash_IDentifier
Long-lasting digital name
Extensible Resource Identifiers (XRIs) Persistent Uniform Resource Locators (PURLs) Software Hash Identifier (SWHID) Wikidata Identifier (e.g QIDs) Combined
Persistent_identifier
128-bit number used to identify information in computer systems
universally unique identifier (UUID) is a 128-bit number used to identify information in computer systems. The term globally unique identifier (GUID) is also
Universally_unique_identifier
interpretation and attributes of a set of identifiers. A definition of an identifier is a declaration for that identifier that: for an object [variable or constant]
Glossary_of_computer_science
Identifier for chemical substances
The International Chemical Identifier (InChI, pronounced /ˈɪntʃiː/ IN-chee) is a textual identifier for chemical substances, designed to provide a standard
International Chemical Identifier
International_Chemical_Identifier
Non-cryptographic hash function
fnv-1 is hash := FNV_offset_basis for each byte_of_data to be hashed do hash := hash × FNV_prime hash := hash XOR byte_of_data return hash In the above
Fowler–Noll–Vo_hash_function
Public initiative for software archival
archive is associated with a SoftWare Hash IDentifier (SWHID). In order to increase the chances of preserving the Software Heritage archive over the long
Software_Heritage
Algorithmic technique using hashing
In computer science, locality-sensitive hashing (LSH) is a fuzzy hashing technique that hashes similar input items into the same "buckets" with high probability
Locality-sensitive_hashing
Hash function that is suitable for use in cryptography
benefit from hashes. Even a small change in the input results in a very different hash. So it is useful to check if two copies of data or software match. Typically
Cryptographic_hash_function
Technique to uniquely identify a video recording
Video fingerprinting or video hashing are a class of dimension reduction techniques in which a system identifies, extracts and then summarizes characteristic
Digital_video_fingerprinting
Type of data structure
the above picture hash 0 is the result of hashing the concatenation of hash 0-0 and hash 0-1. That is, hash 0 = hash( hash 0-0 + hash 0-1 ) where "+" denotes
Merkle_tree
Message-digest hashing algorithm
is a widely used hash function producing a 128-bit hash value. MD5 was designed by Ronald Rivest in 1991 to replace an earlier hash function MD4, and
MD5
American blogger, product consultant and speaker (born 1981)
prefixed with a hash symbol (as opposed to those local to a server, which use an ampersand). HTML has used # as a fragment identifier from the very start
Chris_Messina_(inventor)
Class of fingerprinting algorithm
major software companies, NGOs and law enforcement agencies around the world. In June 2016 Azadeh Amir Asgari published work on robust image hash spoofing
Perceptual_hashing
Mapping arbitrary data to fixed-size values
output. The values returned by a hash function are called hash values, hash codes, (hash/message) digests, or simply hashes. The values are usually used to
Hash_function
A strongly typed identifier is user-defined data type which serves as an identifier or key that is strongly typed. This is a solution to the "primitive
Strongly_typed_identifier
Typographic symbol (#)
The symbol # is known as the number sign, hash, and the pound sign and has a variety of other names. The symbol has historically been used for a wide range
Number_sign
Associative array for storing key–value pairs
is hashed and the resulting hash indicates where the corresponding value is stored. A map implemented by a hash table is called a hash map. Most hash table
Hash_table
Hash functions
Bernstein in 2012, in response to a spate of "hash flooding" denial-of-service attacks (HashDoS) in late 2011. SipHash is designed as a secure pseudorandom function
SipHash
Distributed version control software system
resistant to this attack. A plan for hash function transition is being written since February 2020. Free and open-source software portal Linux portal Internet
Git
Image identification technology
it creates unique hashes to represent each image, which can then be used to identify other instances of those images. The hashing method initially relied
PhotoDNA
Content-addressable, peer-to-peer hypermedia distribution protocol
sharing data using a distributed hash table to store provider information. By using content addressing, IPFS uniquely identifies each file in a global namespace
InterPlanetary_File_System
Software development tool
detection is done by hashing different kinds of information that should be unique for the compilation and then using the hash sum to identify the cached output
Ccache
Automatically generated avatar
An Identicon is a visual representation of a hash value, usually of an IP address, that serves to identify a user of a computer system as an effectively
Identicon
Digital identifier derived from the data by an algorithm
be seen as high-performance hash functions used to uniquely identify substantial blocks of data where cryptographic hash functions may be unnecessary
Fingerprint_(computing)
Email authentication method designed to associate a domain with a message stream
body hash (optionally limited to the first l octets of the body), d for the signing domain, and s for the selector. An Agent or User Identifier (AUID)
DomainKeys_Identified_Mail
String used to identify a name of a web or internet resource
A Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), formerly Universal Resource Identifier, is a unique sequence of characters that identifies an abstract or physical
Uniform_Resource_Identifier
Security model
account's signature chain that contains the identifier history. The identifier used in Keybase is either the hash of the root of the user's signature chain
Trust_on_first_use
Specific software-based key for a computer program
considered third-party (cheating) software by the game's server. [citation needed] Biometric passport Cryptographic hash function Intel Upgrade Service Keygen
Product_key
Label to identify a network interface of a computer or other network node
populated with a 64-bit interface identifier. It can be derived from these sources: As the name "interface identifier" suggests, it can be the network
IPv6_address
Practice and study of secure communication techniques
and ensure that software updates are truly from the system maker. Instead of storing plaintext passwords, computer systems store hashes thereof; then,
Cryptography
Free and open source project building an anonymous network
I2P with its internal router or use an external router. To fight spam, "hash payments" (proof of CPU work) is computed for every published item. i2pd
I2P
Cryptographic hash function
two MD4 hash operations. A theoretical preimage attack also exists. A variant of MD4 is used in the ed2k URI scheme to provide a unique identifier for a
MD4
Cellphone identification code
The International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) is a numeric identifier, usually unique, for 3GPP and iDEN mobile phones, as well as some satellite
International Mobile Equipment Identity
International_Mobile_Equipment_Identity
Microsoft network operating system
subsequent to software releases supporting the feature becoming available have contributed to some organisations continuing to use LM Hashing in their environments
LAN_Manager
Suite of Microsoft security protocols
NTv2. Both LMv2 and NTv2 hash the client and server challenge with the NT hash of the user's password and other identifying information. The exact formula
NTLM
Secure area of a main processor
software not signed by the trusted party's key from accessing the privileged features. The public key of the vendor is provided at runtime and hashed;
Trusted_execution_environment
Cryptographic hash function
cryptography, SHA-1 (Secure Hash Algorithm 1) is a hash function which takes an input and produces a 160-bit (20-byte) hash value known as a message digest
SHA-1
Open standard for software bill of materials
license identifier can be added to the top of source code files as a short string unambiguously declaring the license used. The SPDX-License-Identifier syntax
Software Package Data Exchange
Software_Package_Data_Exchange
Password-based key derivation function
\____________________/\_____________________________/ Alg Cost Salt Hash Where: $2a$: The hash algorithm identifier (bcrypt) 12: Input cost (212 i.e. 4096 rounds) R9h/cIPz0gi
Bcrypt
File sharing URL
BitTorrent) at once. eD2k links include file hashes, as these hashes can be used as a unique identifier for files within the network, so even if the linked-to
Ed2k_URI_scheme
Free and open-source anonymity network based on onion routing
enabling anonymous communication. It is built on free and open-source software run by over seven thousand volunteer-operated relays worldwide, as well
Tor_(network)
Scheme that defines the format of magnet links
format of magnet links, a de facto standard for identifying files (URN) by their content, via cryptographic hash value rather than by their location. Although
Magnet_URI_scheme
Symbol "#!", used in computing
sequence #!, consisting of the characters number sign (also known as sharp or hash) and exclamation mark (also known as bang), at the beginning of a script
Shebang_(Unix)
Permanent web hyperlink
content-syndication software systems support such links. Sometimes URL shortening is used to create them. A permalink is a type of persistent identifier and the word
Permalink
Peer-to-peer file sharing network
regularly. Files on the eDonkey network are uniquely identified using MD4 root hash of an MD4 hash list of the file. This treats files with identical content
EDonkey_network
Framework for decentralized, peer-to-peer networking which is part of the GNU Project
contains resource identifier, reply address, priority and TTL (Time-to-Live). Resource identifier of datum Q {\displaystyle Q} is a triple-hash H ( H ( H (
GNUnet
BitTorrent-related file format
Changes to other portions of the torrent do not affect the hash. This hash is used to identify the torrent to other peers via DHT and to the tracker. It
Torrent_file
Free and open-source disk encryption utility
addressed. VeraCrypt includes optimizations to the original cryptographic hash functions and ciphers, which boost performance on modern central processing
VeraCrypt
November 2013 "Changesets". March Hare Software Ltd. Retrieved 8 May 2012. Fossil Technical Overview Fossil Hash Policy "Git 2.51 Released with Performance
Comparison of version-control software
Comparison_of_version-control_software
Data structure for approximate set membership
error-free hash could be used to eliminate all unnecessary disk accesses; on the other hand, with limited memory, Bloom's technique uses a smaller hash area
Bloom_filter
Anti-spam hashing algorithm
fuzzy hashing in 2006, that used the algorithms of spamsum by Andrew Tridgell (2002). Several implementations of Nilsimsa exist as open-source software. cmeclax
Nilsimsa_Hash
Free software re-implementation of the SMB networking protocol
The last release for ReactOS was in 2009. Free and open-source software portal LM hash SSLBridge GPL-3.0-or-later and LGPL-3.0-or-later since 2008-07-01
Samba_(software)
GNU replacement for the Bourne shell
Supported by the Free Software Foundation and created in 1989 by Brian Fox for the GNU Project, it is designed as a completely free software alternative for
Bash_(Unix_shell)
Data processing technique to eliminate duplicate copies of repeating data
data is assigned an identification, calculated by the software, typically using cryptographic hash functions. In many implementations, the assumption is
Data_deduplication
Data structure that maps virtual addresses with physical addresses
process; the OS may avoid reusing per-process identifier values to delay facing this. Alternatively, per-process hash tables may be used, but they are impractical
Page_table
Computer network management and monitoring protocol
sniffing. SNMP v2 allows password hashing with MD5, but this has to be configured. Virtually all network management software support SNMP v1, but not necessarily
Simple Network Management Protocol
Simple_Network_Management_Protocol
Obsolete cryptographic hash function
The MD2 Message-Digest Algorithm is an obsolete cryptographic hash function developed by Ronald Rivest in 1989. The algorithm is optimized for 8-bit computers
MD2_(hash_function)
Person who uses a computer or network service
file /etc/passwd, while user passwords may be stored at /etc/shadow in its hashed form. On Microsoft Windows, user passwords can be managed within the Credential
User_(computing)
American multinational software company
formerly Adobe Systems Incorporated, is an American multinational computer software company based in San Jose, California. It offers a wide range of programs
Adobe_Inc.
Project of the US National Institute of Standards and Technology
Reference Data Set. The NSRL collects software from various sources and computes message digests, or cryptographic hash values, from them. The digests are
National Software Reference Library
National_Software_Reference_Library
Software build automation tool
In software development, Make is a command-line interface software tool that performs actions ordered by configured dependencies as defined in a configuration
Make_(software)
Mathematical scheme for verifying the authenticity of digital documents
to an attack. In the random oracle model, hash-then-sign (an idealized version of that practice where hash and padding combined have close to N possible
Digital_signature
Web service providing individuals with a "Globally Recognized Avatar"
not a good idea". www.developer.it. Retrieved 2025-12-24. "Creating identifier (hash)". Gravatar For Developers. 2023-07-17. Retrieved 2025-12-24. Madden
Gravatar
Short sequence of bytes used to authenticate or look up a longer public key
short sequence of bytes used to identify a longer public key. Fingerprints are created by applying a cryptographic hash function to a public key. Since
Public_key_fingerprint
Forensic database application
algorithm to establish unique numeric identifiers (hash values) for files "known to be good" and "known to be bad." The HashKeeper application was developed
HashKeeper
Format for legal agreements that is executable in software
[better source needed] It is robust through use of identification by cryptographic hash function, transparent through use of readable text for legal prose and efficient
Ricardian_contract
Programming language
the iota identifier to create enumerated constants. type ByteSize int const ( _ = iota // ignore first value by assigning to blank identifier; 0 KB ByteSize
Go_(programming_language)
Authentication networking protocol
code, the identifier, the length, the authenticator and the attributes. Assigned RADIUS Codes (decimal) include the following: The Identifier field aids
RADIUS
Key derivation function of password hash
Password Hashing Competition. The format is defined as: $<id>[$<param>=<value>(,<param>=<value>)*][$<salt>[$<hash>]] where id: an identifier representing
Crypt_(C)
Discontinued source-available disk encryption utility
Serpent-AES, Serpent-Twofish-AES and Twofish-Serpent. The cryptographic hash functions available for use in TrueCrypt are RIPEMD-160, SHA-512, and Whirlpool
TrueCrypt
Software that verifies hashes
128-bit MD5 hashes, as described in RFC 1321. The MD5 hash functions as a compact digital fingerprint of a file. As with all such hashing algorithms,
Md5sum
Password recovery software
hashes SHA-2 hashes RIPEMD-160 hashes Kerberos 5 hashes RADIUS shared key hashes IKE PSK hashes MSSQL hashes MySQL hashes Oracle hashes SIP hashes Some virus
Cain_and_Abel_(software)
Rules governing the functioning of cryptocurrency
produces a hash code that follows the rules of the bitcoin protocol. Creating this hash requires expensive energy, but a network node can verify the hash is valid
Bitcoin_protocol
Protocol for distributed hash table
{\displaystyle m} -bit identifier using consistent hashing. The SHA-1 algorithm is the base hashing function for consistent hashing. Consistent hashing is integral
Chord_(peer-to-peer)
Text used for user authentication to prove identity
password handling software runs through a cryptographic hash algorithm, and if the hash value generated from the user's entry matches the hash stored in the
Password
Address on the World Wide Web
hash (#). The fragment contains a fragment identifier providing direction to a secondary resource, such as a section heading in an article identified
URL
Privacy-focused encrypted messaging app
of all possible hash inputs to hash outputs and reverse the mapping because of the limited preimage space (the set of all possible hash inputs) of phone
Signal_(software)
Type of data storage mechanism
systems work by passing the content of the file through a cryptographic hash function to generate a unique key, the "content address". The file system's
Content-addressable_storage
Cryptography secured against quantum computers
Puodzius, Cassius; Barreto, Paulo (2016). "Shorter hash-based signatures". Journal of Systems and Software. 116: 95–100. doi:10.1016/j.jss.2015.07.007. Garcia
Post-quantum_cryptography
Computing error resulting from the use of identically-named variables
sharing one. As with the collision of other identifiers, it must be resolved in some way for the new software (such as a mashup) to work right. Problems
Name_collision
Network protocol that provides file management over any reliable data stream
File Transfer Protocol, Draft 10, June 2005 – Extensions "vendor-id", "md5-hash", "space-available", "home-directory" removed. ACL changes. SSH File Transfer
SSH_File_Transfer_Protocol
Software authentication
corrupted since it was signed. The process employs the use of a cryptographic hash to validate authenticity and integrity. Code signing was invented in 1995
Code_signing
Tool to change passwords on Unix-like OSes
through a key derivation function to create a hashed version of the new password, which is saved. Only the hashed version is stored; the entered password is
Passwd
Reliable digital data delivery methods on unreliable channels
that will yield the same hash value. If an attacker can change not only the message but also the hash value, then a keyed hash or message authentication
Error detection and correction
Error_detection_and_correction
Code that represents a geographic entity (location or object)
A geocode or geographic identifier (sometimes shortened as geo ID) is a code or unique identifier that represents a geographic entity (location or object)
Geocode
Computer hardware technology
Measurements consist of a cryptographic hash using a hashing algorithm; the TPM v1.0 specification uses the SHA-1 hashing algorithm. More recent TPM versions
Trusted_Execution_Technology
Method for data management
isolation, dealing with bad hardware, partitioning, and schemes such as hash-based or composite partitioning, as well as replication. Search engine architectures
Search_engine_indexing
Computer programming language
FunctionCall() } Hash: { "Name" => "John", 1 => "Numeric key", "Name2" => { "Nested" => "Hash" } } Hashes may use any type including other Hashes as the Key
Harbour (programming language)
Harbour_(programming_language)
Password authentication algorithm
one-time password (HOTP) is a one-time password (OTP) algorithm based upon a hash-based message authentication code (HMAC). When a client attempts to access
HMAC-based_one-time_password
Archive file format
file spanning. It was developed in 1993 by Russian software engineer Eugene Roshal and the software is licensed by win.rar GmbH. The name RAR stands for
RAR_(file_format)
needed] A Globally unique identifier (GUID) is a 16 bytes field in the Gnutella message header, which uniquely identifies every Gnutella message. The
Privacy in file sharing networks
Privacy_in_file_sharing_networks
Network storage system
network storage system that permanently stores data blocks. A 160-bit SHA-1 hash of the data (called score by Venti) acts as the address of the data. This
Venti_(software)
Cross-platform instant messaging service
contest could not be won even with completely broken algorithms such as MD2 (hash function) used as key stream extractor, and primitives such as the Dual EC
Telegram_(software)
with hash of some data. The association is maintained in a Distributed Hash Table (DHT). The DHT partitions the entire hash table into smaller hash tables
BitVault
Rendition SGX—Software Guard eXtensions SHA—Secure Hash Algorithms SHA-1—Secure Hash Algorithm 1 SHA-2—Secure Hash Algorithm 2 SHA-3—Secure Hash Algorithm
List of computing and IT abbreviations
List_of_computing_and_IT_abbreviations
database are referenced by their object identifier which is itself managed via a static hash index. A static hash index is simply an array index where the
ObjectDatabase++
Security exploit
from IMDEA Software Institute, INRIA and Microsoft Research. The FREAK attack in OpenSSL has the identifier CVE-2015-0204. Vulnerable software and devices
FREAK
Family of protocols for solving consensus
same identifier number (rather than the same value). Because each identifier is unique to a Proposer and only one value may be proposed per identifier, all
Paxos_(computer_science)
High-availability software is software used to ensure that systems are running and available most of the time. High availability is a high percentage of
High_availability_software
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