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American computer company
Scientific Data Systems (SDS) was an American computer company founded in September 1961 by Max Palevsky, Arthur Rock and Robert Beck, veterans of Packard
Scientific_Data_Systems
Field of study to extract knowledge from data
Data science is an interdisciplinary academic field that uses statistics, scientific computing, scientific methods, processing, scientific visualization
Data_science
Type of data available for anyone to analyze
Open scientific data or open research data is a type of open data focused on publishing observations and results of scientific activities available for
Open_scientific_data
Unit of information
commonly used in scientific research, economics, and virtually every other form of human organizational activity. Examples of data sets include price
Data
American Jewish philanthropist (1924–2010)
Bell with eleven associates from the computer division to found Scientific Data Systems of California in September 1961. Within a year they introduced
Max_Palevsky
Specialized form of workflow management in a scientific environment
series of computational or data manipulation steps, or workflow, in a scientific application. Scientific workflow systems are generally developed for
Scientific_workflow_system
Process of sampling signals from sensors and converting into digital data
digital numeric values that can be manipulated by a computer. Data acquisition systems, abbreviated by the acronyms DAS, DAQ, or DAU, typically convert
Data_acquisition
American businessman and venture capitalist (born 1926)
he was an early investor in major firms including Intel, Apple, Scientific Data Systems and Teledyne. Rock was born and raised in Rochester, New York.
Arthur_Rock
Organized collection of data in computing
deployment of relational systems (DBMSs plus applications). By the early 1990s, however, relational systems dominated in all large-scale data processing applications
Database
This is a list of operating systems. Computer operating systems can be categorized by technology, ownership, licensing, working state, usage, and by many
List_of_operating_systems
Data that is findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable
machine-actionability — the capacity of computational systems to find, access, interoperate, and reuse data with none or minimal human intervention — because
FAIR_data
Time-sharing computer operating system
Genie and marketed by Scientific Data Systems for the SDS 940 computer system. It was the first commercial time-sharing system which allowed general purpose
Berkeley_Timesharing_System
Advanced Scientific Data Format (ASDF) is a proposed replacement to the FITS standard for astronomical images and other scientific data. The metadata is
Advanced Scientific Data Format
Advanced_Scientific_Data_Format
software system for designing, executing, reusing, evolving, archiving, and sharing scientific workflows. Kepler's facilities provide process and data monitoring
Kepler scientific workflow system
Kepler_scientific_workflow_system
American computer company (1979–1996)
Zenith Data Systems Corporation (ZDS) was an American computer systems manufacturing company active from 1979 to 1996. It was originally a division of
Zenith_Data_Systems
Interdisciplinary branch of science concerned with presenting scientific data visually
to graphically illustrate scientific data to enable scientists to understand, illustrate, and glean insight from their data. Research into how people
Scientific_visualization
Extremely large or complex datasets
platform to integrate the data systems of Choicepoint Inc. when they acquired that company in 2008. In 2011, the HPCC systems platform was open-sourced
Big_data
Collection and manipulation of items of data to produce meaningful information
technology Scientific computing Data processing is distinct from word processing, which is manipulation of text specifically rather than data generally
Data_processing
Disciplines of managing data as a resource
the emergence of decision support systems (DSS). These systems can be considered as the initial iteration of data management for decision support. Studies
Data_management
Machine designed to support time-sharing
The SDS 940 was Scientific Data Systems' (SDS) first machine designed to directly support time-sharing. The 940 was based on the SDS 930's 24-bit CPU
SDS_940
General purpose computer
through computers in 1969 and purchased Scientific Data Systems or SDS. They then renamed the division Xerox Data Systems or XDS; they saw limited success,
Xerox_Sigma_9
Subdivisions of science defined by their scope
sciences, scientific fields or scientific disciplines, are commonly divided into three major groups: Formal sciences: the study of formal systems, such as
Branches_of_science
Series of third-generation computers
a series of third generation computers that were introduced by Scientific Data Systems of the United States in 1966. The first machines in the series
SDS_Sigma_series
Interplay between observation, experiment, and theory in science
complex systems can involve elements such as transdisciplinarity, systems theory, control theory, and scientific modelling. In general, the scientific method
Scientific_method
Commercial 24-bit computer using bipolar junction transistors sold in the 1960s
transistors sold by Scientific Data Systems. It was announced in December 1963, with first installations in June 1964. An SDS 930 system consists of at least
SDS_930
Scientific journal
learning algorithms for big data; cloud computing platforms; distributed file systems and databases; and scalable storage systems. All articles are included
Journal_of_Big_Data
Backward compatible line of transistorized computers
backward compatible line of transistorized computers produced by Scientific Data Systems in the 1960s and 1970s. This line includes the SDS 910, SDS 920
SDS_9_Series
Falsifiable explanation of natural phenomena
Facts are the world's data. Theories are structures of ideas that explain and interpret facts." A theory differs from a scientific law in that a law is
Scientific_theory
Procedural, imperative computer programming language
are data processing, numerical computation, scientific computing, and system programming. It supports recursion, structured programming, linked data structure
PL/I
Topics referred to by the same term
SDS Sigma 6, one of the SDS Sigma series of computers made by Scientific Data Systems Pink Floyd, an English rock group originally called Sigma 6 Six
Sigma_6
System to capture, manage, and present geographic data
geographic information systems, also abbreviated GIS, is the most common term for the industry and profession concerned with these systems. The academic discipline
Geographic_information_system
(August 1965). "The Burroughs B8500". Datamation. pp. 59–60. "Philips Data Systems' product range, P350 series Office Computers" (PDF). April 1971. pp. 31–35
List of early third-generation computers
List_of_early_third-generation_computers
Remote data capture is the process of automatic collection of scientific data. It is widely used in clinic trials, where it is referred to as electronic
Remote_data_capture
German multinational enterprise-software company
business systems to IBM technology. As part of IBM's compensation for the migration, IBM was given the rights to the Scientific Data Systems (SDS)/SAPE
SAP
Automated system for discovering new scientific or mathematical knowledge
discovery system is an artificial intelligence system that attempts to discover new scientific concepts or laws. The aim of discovery systems is to automate
Discovery system (artificial intelligence)
Discovery_system_(artificial_intelligence)
System that supports business decisions
information systems inter-relate with data systems on the one hand and activity systems on the other. An information system is a form of communication system in
Information_system
management systems (LIMS), laboratory information systems (LIS), chromatography data systems (CDS), and Scientific data management systems (SDMS). It
Scientific Computing & Instrumentation
Scientific_Computing_&_Instrumentation
36-bit computer by Digital (1966–1983)
management's refusal to let them buy a PDP-10. Xerox had just bought Scientific Data Systems (SDS) in 1969, and wanted PARC to use an SDS machine. Instead,
PDP-10
Study of computation
Areas such as operating systems, networks and embedded systems investigate the principles and design behind complex systems. Computer architecture describes
Computer_science
University, has been the subject of several allegations of scientific misconduct, including data falsification, and related institutional investigations
List of scientific misconduct incidents
List_of_scientific_misconduct_incidents
Data whose unit can take on only two possible states
binary numeral system and Boolean algebra. Binary data occurs in many different technical and scientific fields, where it can be called by different names
Binary_data
committing the data to persistent storage such as a database. Many computer systems implement data entry forms, but data collection systems tend to be more
Data_collection_system
Combining data from multiple sources
applications for data integration, from commercial (such as when a business merges multiple databases) to scientific (combining research data from different
Data_integration
Calcul. The 10070 is a rebadged Scientific Data Systems (SDS) Sigma 7. In addition to the Sigma software, a new operating system was developed by teams from
CII_10070
US technology company
Laboratory Information Management Systems (LIMS), Electronic Lab Notebook (ELN), and Scientific Data Management Systems (SDMS). Founded by Kevin Cramer
Sapio_Sciences
Archive of IGY observational data sets
WDC system expanded to other countries and to new scientific disciplines. The WDC system included up to 52 Centres in 15 countries, with some data centres
World_Data_Center
Computerized systems for improving research management and storing data
management systems (such as a chromatography data system), a laboratory information management system, scientific data management (including data mining and
Laboratory_informatics
operating system and language Titan Supervisor, early time-sharing system begun 1964 Berkeley Timesharing System (for Scientific Data Systems' SDS 940)
Timeline_of_operating_systems
Scientific activity that produces models
also an increasing attention to scientific modelling in fields such as science education, philosophy of science, systems theory, and knowledge visualization
Scientific_modelling
Software engineering approach to designing and developing information systems
Data engineering is a software engineering approach to the building of data systems, to enable the collection and usage of data. This data is usually used
Data_engineering
Visual representation of data
collected from databases, information systems, file systems, documents, business data, which is different from scientific visualization, where the goal is
Data and information visualization
Data_and_information_visualization
science domains. In today's business world, data analysis plays an important role in making decisions more scientific and helping businesses operate more effectively
Data_analysis
Process of analyzing large data sets
methods at the intersection of machine learning, statistics, and database systems. Data mining is an interdisciplinary subfield of computer science and statistics
Data_mining
U.S.-based medical device company
Boston Scientific increased its technology R&D and product offerings following substantial acquisitions that included Cardiovascular Imaging Systems (intravascular
Boston_Scientific
Provisioner of scientific consumables, equipment, and services
Patheon, PPD, and Nalgene). In 1990, Thermo Fisher Scientific (then known as Thermo Instrument Systems) acquired mass spectrometer manufacturer Finnigan
Thermo_Fisher_Scientific
Gathering information for analysis
Data collection or data gathering is the process of gathering and measuring information on targeted variables in an established system, which then enables
Data_collection
Interdisciplinary degree program
designed to provide studies in scientific methods, processes, and systems to extract knowledge or insights from data in various forms, either structured
Master_in_Data_Science
Early microcomputer company
it back to Ohio Scientific. Kendata, previously only a corporate reseller of computer systems, failed to maintain Ohio Scientific's manufacturing lines
Ohio_Scientific
Aspect of computing history
popular system in the research and ARPANET communities, and was later developed by DEC into TOPS-20. Scientific Data Systems/Xerox Data Systems developed
History_of_operating_systems
Organization of collected data
of big data, the curation of data has become increasingly prominent, particularly for software processing high-volume and complex data systems. The term
Data_curation
Flight instrument
air data inertial reference unit (ADIRU) is a key component of the integrated air data inertial reference system (ADIRS), which supplies air data (airspeed
Air data inertial reference unit
Air_data_inertial_reference_unit
Origins and events of data
Data lineage refers to the process of tracking how data is generated, transformed, transmitted and used across systems over time. It documents data's
Data_lineage
Open-Source Workflow Management Platform
Nextflow is a scientific workflow system predominantly used for bioinformatic data analysis. It establishes standards for programmatically creating a series
Nextflow
American computer scientist in Japan (1934–2026)
switching system (ESS-1) and the SNOBOL programming languages. He subsequently held industry positions at the Rand Corporation and Scientific Data Systems, followed
David_J._Farber
Science of classifying organisms
in this scientific thinking. Early taxonomy was based on arbitrary criteria, the so-called "artificial systems", including Linnaeus's system of sexual
Taxonomy_(biology)
peripheral equipment needed and used for full or mostly full operation. Such systems may constitute personal computers (including desktop computers, portable
List of computer system manufacturers
List_of_computer_system_manufacturers
Specialist field of computer science
Computational science, also known as scientific computing, technical computing or scientific computation (SC), is a division of science, and more specifically
Computational_science
Topics referred to by the same term
mission the SDS Sigma 7 computer, made by Scientific Data Systems (SDS), later known as Xerox Data Systems (XDS) Sigma Seven, a Japanese company Sigma
Sigma_7
Energy-related datasets for open use
Open energy system database projects employ open data methods to collect, clean, and republish energy-related datasets for open use. The resulting information
Open_energy_system_databases
Operating system
The Universal Time-Sharing System (UTS) was an operating system for the Scientific Data Systems Sigma series of computers, succeeding Batch Processing
Universal_Time-Sharing_System
Active acquisition of information from a primary source
many computerized systems are designed to store copies of the unprocessed or "raw" data captured by sensors. Likewise, scientific best practices require
Observation
mining Database Information Systems Research, an academic journal about information systems and information technology Data management solutions are tools
Technical data management system
Technical_data_management_system
Interrelated entities that form a whole
expressed in its functioning. Systems are the subjects of study of systems theory and other systems sciences. Systems have several common properties
System
Facts provided or learned about something or someone
human consciousness and the creation of the scientific culture that produced the chemical nomenclature. Systems theory at times seems to refer to information
Information
Digital database whose organization is based on the relational model of data
gradually come to describe a broader class of database systems, which at a minimum: Present the data to the user as relations (a presentation in tabular
Relational_database
Topics referred to by the same term
Samsung SDS, formerly Samsung Data Systems Scientific Data Systems, a 1960s computer manufacturer, later called Xerox Data Systems Siberian Business Union,
SDS
Systematic endeavour to gain knowledge
causal chains and large amounts of data led to the rise of the fields of systems theory and computer-assisted scientific modelling. The Human Genome Project
Science
The Distributed Oceanographic Data Systems, or DODS, is a type of server that allows sharing data with remote users or between DODS servers. It is developed
Distributed Oceanographic Data Systems
Distributed_Oceanographic_Data_Systems
Organization
trusted communities of scientific data repositories, strengthening the scientific enterprise throughout the entire lifecycle of all data related components
ISC_World_Data_System
American document management corporation
Electro-Optical Systems in 1963, and R. R. Bowker in 1967. In 1969, Xerox acquired Scientific Data Systems (SDS), which it renamed the Xerox Data Systems (XDS)
Xerox
Activity involving calculations or computing machinery
include computer engineering, computer science, cybersecurity, data science, information systems, information technology, and software engineering. The term
Computing
NASA research facility in Maryland
scientific spacecraft. GSFC conducts scientific investigation, development, manufacturing and operation of space systems, and development of related technologies
Goddard_Space_Flight_Center
Unordered set of n-time-series possibly of different lengths
market tick data tracking, and scientific experimental measurements. Within telemetry and systems monitoring, time series database systems must ingest
Time_series_database
American system software company
the compiler writing work. Digitek's first compiler customer was Scientific Data Systems (SDS), a computer mainframe hardware company founded by Max Palevsky
Digitek
Data management organization
exchange of high-quality scientific data, organized by a set of standards to facilitate data management. NASA's Planetary Data System is the de facto standard
International Planetary Data Alliance
International_Planetary_Data_Alliance
Observed inability to reproduce scientific studies
to reproduce published scientific results. Because the reproducibility of empirical results is the cornerstone of the scientific method, such failures
Replication_crisis
High-performance computing center
centralized file system, a data storage resource, and an archive of historical research data. All computing and support systems required for scientific workflows
NCAR-Wyoming Supercomputing Center
NCAR-Wyoming_Supercomputing_Center
Database software product
column-oriented database management system (DBMS) designed for multidimensional data management and analytics common to scientific, geospatial, financial, and
SciDB
Algorithmically generated data that have a similar distribution as sampled data
synthetic data together with the testing approach can give the ability to model real-world scenarios. Scientific modelling of physical systems has a long
Synthetic_data
Soviet–Ukrainian mathematician and computer scientist
a combined control systems that unite the advantages of closed systems for control by deviation (high precision) and open systems (performance). The non-searching
Alexey_Ivakhnenko
Digital library portal operated by the Smithsonian
The SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) is a digital library portal for researchers on astronomy and physics, operated for NASA by the Smithsonian
Astrophysics_Data_System
Theoretical framework
major system functions into context. Data flow modeling is a central technique used in systems development that utilizes the structured systems analysis
Conceptual_model
Propulsion Laboratory to support capturing, processing and sharing of data for NASA's scientific archives. The project was retired in April 2023 The project started
Apache_OODT
("Aesop") is a discontinued experimental time-sharing operating system for the Scientific Data Systems Sigma 7 and its French clone, the CII 10070. Ésope was a
Ésope_(operating_system)
Examining complex systems as a whole
enabling systems change. Systems thinking draws on and contributes to conceptual systems, systems theory, and the system sciences. The word system has several
Systems_thinking
Type of knowledge base
recommender systems. They are increasingly used in scientific research, with notable applications in fields such as genomics, proteomics, and systems biology
Knowledge_graph
Long-term storage of research data
out. The primary data underlying the conclusions of an article are critical to the verifiability and transparency of the scientific enterprise, and should
Research_data_archiving
Interdisciplinary study of systems
Systems theory is the transdisciplinary study of systems, i.e., cohesive groups of interrelated, interdependent components that can be natural or artificial
Systems_theory
Software for managing digital content
and scientific data. Companies also use CMSs to store, control, revise, and publish documentation. There are also component content management systems (CCMS)
Content_management_system
Study of collection and analysis of data
organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of data. In applying statistics to a scientific, industrial, or social problem, it is conventional to
Statistics
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