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Measures to increase the influence of Russian culture and language
Russification (Russian: русификация, romanized: rusifikatsiya), Russianisation or Russianization, is a form of cultural assimilation in which non-Russians
Russification
System of measures, actions and legislations
The Russification of Ukraine (Ukrainian: русифікація України or зросійщення України; Russian: русификация Украины) was a system of measures, actions and
Russification_of_Ukraine
Localization to the Russian language
In computing, Russification (Russian: русификация) involves the localization of computers and software, allowing the user interface of a computer and
Computer_Russification
Russian policy of suppressing Finnish autonomy (1899–1905, 1908–17)
The policy of Russification of Finland was a governmental policy of the Russian Empire aimed at limiting the special status of the Grand Duchy of Finland
Russification_of_Finland
Overarching impact fostering a transition from Belarusian to Russian
The Russification of Belarus denotes a historical process where the integration of Russian language and culture increasingly influenced Belarusian society
Russification_of_Belarus
1965 book by Ivan Dziuba
Internationalism or Russification? (Ukrainian: «Інтернаціоналізм чи русифікація?») is a book by Ukrainian writer and social activist Ivan Dziuba. It was
Internationalism or Russification?
Internationalism_or_Russification?
Administrative unit of the Russian Empire (1809–1917) and the Russian Republic (1917)
industrializing economy. Tensions increased after Saint Petersburg adopted Russification policies in 1898, leading to a reduction in Finnish autonomy and cultural
Grand_Duchy_of_Finland
The "great Russification program" was a plan for new laws concerning the Grand Duchy of Finland made during the second period of oppression from 1912
Great_Russification_program
Country in Eastern Europe
settlement by Russians. The tsarist autocracy established a policy of Russification, suppressing the use of the Ukrainian language and curtailing the Ukrainian
Ukraine
Ongoing conflict since 2014
disappearances, torture, crackdowns on protests and freedom of speech, enforced Russification, indoctrination of children, and suppression of Ukrainian language and
Russo-Ukrainian_war
Russian policy introduced in partitioned Poland
The Russification of Poland (Polish: rusyfikacja na ziemiach polskich; Russian: Русификация Польши, romanized: Rusifikacija Poljši) was an intense process
Russification of Poles during the Partitions
Russification_of_Poles_during_the_Partitions
Process of displacement of Russian culture
peoples: their language, culture and historical memory, lost due to Russification. The term may also refer to the marginalization of the Russian language
Derussification
Orlivka and detained them on terrorism charges. Russian imperialism Russification Population transfer in the Soviet Union Soviet war crimes Violence against
De-Tatarization_of_Crimea
East Slavic language
Ukrainian language developed in the territory of present-day Ukraine. Russification saw the Ukrainian language banned as a subject from schools and as a
Ukrainian_language
decree of Nicholas II prohibition of the Ukrainian press. 1914, 1916 – Russification campaign in western Ukraine, the prohibition of the Ukrainian word,
Chronology of Ukrainian language suppression actions
Chronology_of_Ukrainian_language_suppression_actions
trends of Russification, while Belarus under Alexander Lukashenko and the Russian Federation under Vladimir Putin reintroduced Russification policies in
Geographical distribution of Russian speakers
Geographical_distribution_of_Russian_speakers
Finnish independence movement and volunteer military force, 1914–1918
Finnish activist movement [fi] that had emerged during the periods of Russification. From 1915, a total of 1,894 Finnish volunteers received military training
Jäger_Movement
Forced Russian adoption of Ukrainian children
camps" on Russian territory. The abducted children have been subject to Russification; raising children of war in a foreign nation and culture may constitute
Child abductions in the Russo-Ukrainian war
Child_abductions_in_the_Russo-Ukrainian_war
Ukrainian spelling rules adopted in 1933
circumstances and required changes. In the early 1930s, a wave of total planned Russification swept over Ukraine under the slogans of the struggle against Ukrainian
Ukrainian_orthography_of_1933
President of Russia (2000–2008; since 2012)
intervention "Moscow, third Rome" Patriotism Reactionary Russian culture Russification Slavophilia Sobornost Social stratification Social order Sovereign democracy
Vladimir_Putin
1920s Soviet policy of promoting its indigenous ethnic groups
use of the Russian alphabet, which were linked to the colonial and Russification policies of the former Tsarist regime. Korenizatsiia was also designed
Korenizatsiia
Russian of southwestern Alaska
In Ukraine Russification Writing Alphabet Orthography Spelling rules Reforms Romanization (transliteration) Cursive Computer Russification Morse code
Alaskan_Russian
Political and social unrest in the Russian Empire
impatience with their inferior status and resentment against "Russification". Russification is cultural assimilation definable as "a process culminating
Russian_Revolution_of_1905
Citizens and nationals of the Soviet Union
more active promotion of the Russian language and later to more overt Russification, which accelerated in the 1950s,[citation needed] especially in Soviet
Soviet_people
Mixed Ukrainian–Russian language
influence; however, linguists distinguish these regional dialects from the Russification patterns of the central and eastern surzhyk. While the word almost exclusively
Surzhyk
Russian state from 1721 to 1917
political and judicial rights, with Russification being imposed on its schools and courts. However, Russification policies in Poland, Finland and among
Russian_Empire
Soviet Ukrainian politician (1918–1990)
intelligentsia. Under Shcherbytsky's rule, Ukraine was subjected to an intensive Russification campaign as well as a rapid shift to nuclear power, which ultimately
Volodymyr_Shcherbytsky
eradicate and purge elements of the culture. For example, the policy of Russification posed significant obstacles to the development of the culture. Whilst
Culture_of_Ukraine
Leader of the Soviet Union from 1964 to 1982
Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev (19 December 1906 – 10 November 1982) was a Soviet politician who served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet
Leonid_Brezhnev
Admiration and fondness of Russia
Russophile politicians may also support maintaining or increasing Russification policies, such as Alexander Lukashenko. The Armenian Revolutionary Federation
Russophilia
Decree issued by the Russian Empire
the Administration of the President of Ukraine. Performance against Russification and with the demand of legislative protection for the Ukrainian language
Valuev_Circular
its Russification policy in Finland, limiting Finnish self-government. Most Finns, including most Finnish parliamentarians, opposed the Russification, but
1908 Finnish parliamentary election
1908_Finnish_parliamentary_election
Separation from Russia, ending in 1917
Russians we cannot become, therefore Finns we must be. The first period of Russification of Finland (Finnish: Ensimmäinen sortokausi) began in 1899 with the
Independence_of_Finland
Modern writing system of 33 letters
to Русский алфавит. Belarusian alphabet Bulgarian alphabet Computer russification Cyrillic alphabets List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs Reforms of
Russian_alphabet
Place
Pink Ukraine (Ukrainian: Малиновий Клин, lit. 'Raspberry Wedge'; Russian: Малиновый Клин) is a region in Kuban with a significant Ukrainian population
Pink_Ukraine
1796–1917 unit of Russia
Alexander III in 1881 marked the beginning of a period of more rigid Russification; the previous Baltic civil and criminal codes were replaced with Russian
Governorate_of_Estonia
Intellectual movement in Russia opposed to Western European influences
of 19th-century Russian Slavophiles Slavophobia Russian philosophy Russification Romantic Nationalism Sarmatianism "Slavophile | Russian history". Encyclopedia
Slavophilia
Adoption of Soviet political system and mentality
Sovietization of the Baltic states Soviet patriotism Soviet empire Russification Korenizatsiia National delimitation in the Soviet Union Neo-Sovietism
Sovietization
Topics referred to by the same term
northwest Caucasus that was majority Ukrainian until the Holodomor and Russification of local Ukrainians Look up клин in Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Klyn
Ukrainian footballer
most international rosters, particularly during his playing career (Russification of Ukraine). Oleh Protasov started playing football at the age of 8
Oleh_Protasov
Country in Eastern Europe and North Asia
Early Middle Ages Stalinist repressions World War II) Balkans Belarus (Russification Russian Empire Soviet repressions German occupation Holocaust) Bulgaria
Russia
Political party in Finland
During the 1880s, the party became divided over its policy towards Russification. A faction critical of Russia broke away to found the Young Finnish
Finnish_Party
Emperor of Russia from 1894 to 1917
of his father Alexander III. In Finland he was known for his acts of Russification (the February Manifesto), which led to the first period of oppression
Nicholas_II
Russian general (1862 – c. 1918)
November 1909 to 16 March 1917. He was one of the main implementers of Russification policies from 1909 to 1917. Seyn came from the lower nobility of Vitebsk
Franz_Albert_Seyn
Ethnic group
people, part of the peoples sometimes called Ostyaks. By mixing and Russification, they were assimilated by the 19th century. Today, they are a seok of
Arin_people
Ukrainian nationalist (1912–1978)
act of protest against Soviet suppression of the Ukrainian language (russification), culture and history. The act was quickly covered up by the Soviet
Oleksa_Hirnyk
Country in Northern Europe
the 1890s, the central government of the Russian Empire launched a Russification campaign in order to tie the Baltic governorates more closely to the
Estonia
Country in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991
to revive Stalinist ideas and governance Orphans in the Soviet Union Russification – Measures to increase the influence of Russian culture and language
Soviet_Union
Russian noble family
nationalists in the 2nd, 3rd and 4th State Dumas, advocating speedy Russification of border regions and supporting Pyotr Stolypin's reforms. Like most
Bobrinsky
Cossacks Sich Hetmanate Pereiaslav Agreement Russian Empire Little Russia Russification Galicia Ruthenian Triad Galician Russophilia Ukrainian national revival
List of cities in Rivne Oblast
List_of_cities_in_Rivne_Oblast
Adoption or imposition of Slavic culture on a non-Slavic population
Croatisation Czechization Macedonization Montenegrinization Polonization Russification Serbianisation Slovakization Ukrainization Hellenization Pan-Slavism
Slavicisation
Leader of the Soviet Union from 1924 to 1953
Joseph Stalin (born Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili; 18 December 1878 – 5 March 1953) was a Soviet politician and revolutionary who ruled the Soviet Union
Joseph_Stalin
Former country of Europe
Lithuania (1812) Northwestern Krai November Uprising January Uprising Russification National Revival World War I Modern era (1917–1991) October Revolution
Belarusian_State
Finland Eugen Schauman Killed by a Finnish nationalist for implementing Russification in Finland. Happens on day described in James Joyce's novel Ulysses
List of assassinations in Europe
List_of_assassinations_in_Europe
Spread of the German language, people and culture
Russophiles and to "return the favor" by similarly destabilizing the Russification of Ukraine. In defiance of the Valuev Circular, the Ems Ukaz, and censorship
Germanisation
Ideological doctrine of Nicholas I of Russia
Nikolai Gogol. Critics of the policy saw this principle as a call for Russification. Yet the very fact of its existence, being Russia's first statewide
Orthodoxy, Autocracy, and Nationality
Orthodoxy,_Autocracy,_and_Nationality
Historical revisionist theory
Cossacks Sich Hetmanate Pereiaslav Agreement Russian Empire Little Russia Russification Galicia Ruthenian Triad Galician Russophilia Ukrainian national revival
Anti-Normanism
1989–1991 mass movement in Ukraine
justifications, primarily relating to economic downturn and mismanagement, Russification, and authoritarianism during the Era of Stagnation and Shcherbytsky's
1989–1991 Ukrainian revolution
1989–1991_Ukrainian_revolution
Siege in the Russian invasion of Ukraine
The siege of Mariupol began on 24 February 2022, as part of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, and lasted until 20 May. It saw fighting between the Russian
Siege_of_Mariupol
Turkic ethnic group
growing poverty. Subsequent centuries saw the Christianization and Russification of the Chuvash. During this period, most Chuvash converted to Orthodox
Chuvash_people
century this position was threatened, as Russification policies were suggested and attempted. The Russification campaign resulted in resistance of which
SS_John_Grafton
Unofficial region of the Russian Empire
257 s. Staliunas, Darius. Making Russians. Meaning and Practice of Russification in Lithuania and Belarus after 1863 / D. Staliunas. — Amsterdam—New
Northwestern_Krai
Cossacks Sich Hetmanate Pereiaslav Agreement Russian Empire Little Russia Russification Galicia Ruthenian Triad Galician Russophilia Ukrainian national revival
List of cities in Zakarpattia Oblast
List_of_cities_in_Zakarpattia_Oblast
Historic and geographic term for Ukraine
the 18th century, but after the 1863 January Uprising in Poland, the Russification of Ukrainians became an explicit goal of the Russian government. The
Little_Russia
Country in Northern Europe
Britain. From 1899 to 1917, the Russian Empire pursued a policy of Russification, which was suspended between 1905 and 1908. In 1906, universal suffrage
Finland
Finnish politician (1851–1917)
self-governance was something von Born strongly supported. During the Russification period, von Born had early on drawn a connection between municipal self-governance
Viktor_Magnus_von_Born
1988–1991 breakup of the sovereign state
form of economic modernization, and subjected to a certain amount of Russification, but they were at the same time strengthened by several policies pursued
Dissolution of the Soviet Union
Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union
Type of religious art in Ukraine
Cossacks Sich Hetmanate Pereiaslav Agreement Russian Empire Little Russia Russification Galicia Ruthenian Triad Galician Russophilia Ukrainian national revival
Icon_painting_in_Ukraine
Ukrainian-Canadian political scientist and historian (1925–1998)
Alberta Carleton University Main interests Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, human rights, Soviet nationalities policy, Russification, multiculturalism
Bohdan_Bociurkiw
Cossacks Sich Hetmanate Pereiaslav Agreement Russian Empire Little Russia Russification Galicia Ruthenian Triad Galician Russophilia Ukrainian national revival
List of cities in Chernivtsi Oblast
List_of_cities_in_Chernivtsi_Oblast
Evert Gustav Waldemar Becker (6 April 1840 – 22 February 1907), also known as Becker-Bei and Ilmarinen, was a Finnish soldier, politician and adventurer
Waldemar_Becker
Finnish politician (1873–1940)
ideologue of the Agrarian League. Kallio entered politics during the first Russification campaign of Finland as a member of the Young Finnish Party. He served
Kyösti_Kallio
Self-identification of Polonized Ruthenians
Cossacks Sich Hetmanate Pereiaslav Agreement Russian Empire Little Russia Russification Galicia Ruthenian Triad Galician Russophilia Ukrainian national revival
Gente Ruthenus, natione Polonus
Gente_Ruthenus,_natione_Polonus
Variation of the Christian cross
Russian Empire in the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania as a symbol of its Russification policy. One variant known as the Russian cross has only two horizontal
Russian_Orthodox_cross
Overview of education in Soviet Union
media, and education. Intended to counter the historical practices of Russification, it had as another practical goal assuring native-language education
Education_in_the_Soviet_Union
Cossacks Sich Hetmanate Pereiaslav Agreement Russian Empire Little Russia Russification Galicia Ruthenian Triad Galician Russophilia Ukrainian national revival
100 Notable Books in Ukrainian
100_Notable_Books_in_Ukrainian
Cossacks Sich Hetmanate Pereiaslav Agreement Russian Empire Little Russia Russification Galicia Ruthenian Triad Galician Russophilia Ukrainian national revival
List_of_cities_in_Sumy_Oblast
1438–1552 Kazan Tatar state
administration, known as the Kazan Palace's Office undertook the forced Russification and Christianization of the Tatars and other peoples. The term Tsardom
Khanate_of_Kazan
Cossacks Sich Hetmanate Pereiaslav Agreement Russian Empire Little Russia Russification Galicia Ruthenian Triad Galician Russophilia Ukrainian national revival
List_of_cities_in_Lviv_Oblast
Northwest Caucasian ethnic group native to Abkhazia
largely spared from the deportations) and the introduction of a strong Russification policy. As a result, the Abkhaz diaspora is currently estimated to measure
Abkhazians
Surname list
Kovalsky, feminine: Kovalskaya is a Russian surname, a Russification of Kowalski. Notable people with the surname include: Elena Kovalskaya, Russian theatre
Kovalsky
Autonomous republic of the Russian SFSR (1923–1940, 1956–1991)
Consequently, any indigenization process and effort faded away, giving way to Russification instead. A heavily Russified standard for written Karelian language
Karelian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
Karelian_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic
decolonization, as a continuation of decommunization, which began in 2015, and deRussification, which was launched by some local authorities and right-wing activists
Decolonization_in_Ukraine
of the Soviet genocide, the longest and most extensive experiment in Russification, namely the extermination of the Ukrainian nation". Lemkin said that
Mass killings under communist states
Mass_killings_under_communist_states
Country in Eastern Europe
national cultures were repressed with policies of Polonization replaced by Russification which included the return to Orthodox Christianity of Belarusian Uniates
Belarus
prohibiting placenames considered to promote Russian imperialism or the Russification of Ukraine. An official list of placenames not conforming to the Ukrainian
List of Ukrainian place names affected by derussification
List_of_Ukrainian_place_names_affected_by_derussification
Cossacks Sich Hetmanate Pereiaslav Agreement Russian Empire Little Russia Russification Galicia Ruthenian Triad Galician Russophilia Ukrainian national revival
List of cities in Volyn Oblast
List_of_cities_in_Volyn_Oblast
Governor-General of Finland from 1898 to 1904
early reign of Emperor Nicholas II, and was responsible for promoting Russification policies in Finland. After his appointment as governor-general, he quickly
Nikolay_Bobrikov
Component of a personal name based on the given name of one's male ancestor
This Russification also extended to patronymics, which were previously gendered as "-kyzy" for women and "-uulu" for men. This wave of Russification is
Patronymic
Cossacks Sich Hetmanate Pereiaslav Agreement Russian Empire Little Russia Russification Galicia Ruthenian Triad Galician Russophilia Ukrainian national revival
List of cities in Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast
List_of_cities_in_Ivano-Frankivsk_Oblast
Russian statesman and jurist (1827–1907)
lost much of his influence. Tsar Nicholas II adhered to his father's Russification policy and even extending it to Finland, but he generally disliked the
Konstantin_Pobedonostsev
Transitional government (1991–1996)
Cossacks Sich Hetmanate Pereiaslav Agreement Russian Empire Little Russia Russification Galicia Ruthenian Triad Galician Russophilia Ukrainian national revival
Post-Soviet transition in Ukraine
Post-Soviet_transition_in_Ukraine
Phase since 2022 of war ongoing since 2014
disappearances; torture; crackdown on protests and freedom of speech; enforced Russification; indoctrination of children, and suppression of Ukrainian language and
Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)
Russo-Ukrainian_war_(2022–present)
Russian ban on Lithuanian language publications in the Latin alphabet
used Cyrillic were allowed and even encouraged by those seeking the Russification of Lithuanians. The concept arose after the failed January Uprising
Lithuanian_press_ban
Tone poem by Jean Sibelius
2003, p. 109. Dahlström 2003, p. 113. See Grand Duchy of Finland and Russification of Finland for further historical context. "Finlandia". www.sibelius
Finlandia
Ethnic group
part of the people sometimes referred to as Ostyaks. By mixing and Russification, they were assimilated by the end of the 20th century. The Pumpokol
Pumpokol_people
State-run youth camp near Tuapse, Krasnodar Krai, Russia
The Russian Children's Center "Orlyonok" (Russian: Орлёнок, lit. 'eaglet') is a federal state all-year camp for children aged 11–16 (school grades 6 through
Orlyonok
In the Russian Empire, a colony (Russian: колония) was a type of settlement, typically agricultural, created under government encouragement in sparsely
Colony_(Russian_Empire)
International communist organization (1919–1943)
member sections. This entailed an increasing Russian dominance, the Russification of ideological and organizational structures, and the canonization of
Communist_International
Cossacks Sich Hetmanate Pereiaslav Agreement Russian Empire Little Russia Russification Galicia Ruthenian Triad Galician Russophilia Ukrainian national revival
List of cities in Ternopil Oblast
List_of_cities_in_Ternopil_Oblast
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