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Inertial wave in rotating fluids
Rossby waves, also known as planetary waves, are a type of inertial wave naturally occurring in rotating fluids. They were first identified by Sweden-born
Rossby_wave
Concept in astrophysics
Rossby Wave Instability (RWI) is a concept related to astrophysical accretion discs. In non-self-gravitating discs, for example around newly forming stars
Rossby_wave_instability
Low frequency waves near the equator
Equatorial Rossby waves, often called planetary waves, are very long, low frequency water waves found near the equator and are derived using the equatorial
Equatorial_Rossby_wave
Swedish-born American meteorologist
Carl-Gustaf Rossby Research Medal Equatorial Rossby wave Francis Reichelderfer Rossby (crater) Rossby-gravity waves Rossby number Rossby parameter Rossby radius
Carl-Gustaf_Rossby
Equatorially trapped waves that carry energy eastwards
Rossby-gravity waves are equatorially trapped waves (much like Kelvin waves), meaning that they rapidly decay as their distance increases away from the
Rossby-gravity_waves
Ocean waves trapped close to the equator
subclasses of equatorial waves known as the mixed Rossby-gravity wave (also known as the Yanai wave) and the equatorial Kelvin wave. The latter two share
Equatorial_wave
Periodic disturbance in atmospheres
(traveling wave) or be stationary (standing wave). Atmospheric waves range in spatial and temporal scale from large-scale planetary waves (Rossby waves) to minute
Atmospheric_wave
Waves in the ocean and atmosphere created by bottom irregularities
Topographic Rossby waves are geophysical waves that form due to bottom irregularities. For ocean dynamics, the bottom irregularities are on the ocean floor
Topographic_Rossby_waves
Fast-flowing atmospheric air current
form eddies. Each large meander, or wave, within the jet stream is known as a Rossby wave (planetary wave). Rossby waves are caused by changes in the Coriolis
Jet_stream
Meteorological process around and within the eye of intense tropical cyclones
generate them. In the vortex Rossby wave hypothesis, the waves travel radially outward from the inner vortex. The waves amplify angular momentum at a
Eyewall_replacement_cycle
Type of wave in the ocean or atmosphere
portal Physics portal Rossby wave Rossby-gravity waves Equatorial Rossby wave Kelvin–Helmholtz instability Edge wave Tropical wave Thomson, W. (Lord Kelvin)
Kelvin_wave
Area with air pressures lower than adjacent areas
in the area on the east side of upper troughs, which form half of a Rossby wave within the Westerlies (a trough with large wavelength that extends through
Low-pressure_area
Wave that remains in a constant position
In physics, a standing wave, also known as a stationary wave, is a wave that oscillates in time but whose peak amplitude profile does not move in space
Standing_wave
Layer of the atmosphere above the troposphere
predominantly wave-driven circulation in that the tropical upwelling is induced by the wave force by the westward propagating Rossby waves, in a phenomenon
Stratosphere
Development and strengthening of a tropical cyclone in the atmosphere
basins at any given time. Research has shown that trapped equatorial Rossby wave packets can increase the likelihood of tropical cyclogenesis in the Pacific
Tropical_cyclogenesis
Unstable wave
convective instability; likewise, Rossby waves are said to break when the potential vorticity gradient is overturned. Wave breaking also occurs in plasmas
Breaking_wave
Apparent force in a rotating reference frame
for the propagation of many types of waves in the ocean and atmosphere, including Rossby waves and Kelvin waves. It is also instrumental in the so-called
Coriolis_force
Concept in physical oceanography
and influenced by propagating westward oceanic Rossby wave. It is observed that a baroclinic Rossby wave propagating westward across the Caribbean Sea
Rossby_whistle
Wave in the ocean or large lakes
is the Rossby radius of deformation. In this limit, the dispersion relation reduces to the solution for a non-rotating gravity wave. Long wave limit (
Sverdrup_wave
Simultaneous disruption of key food-growing regions
excessive rainfall in another far away. Such jet stream meanders, or Rossby waves, could impact multiple breadbaskets at once, as was the case with the
Multiple_breadbasket_failure
Study of physical conditions and processes within the ocean
types of Rossby waves, barotropic and baroclinic. Barotropic Rossby waves have the highest speeds and do not vary vertically. Baroclinic Rossby waves are much
Physical_oceanography
Type of wave within a fluid medium
they are called inertia gravity waves or, simply, inertial waves. Internal waves are usually distinguished from Rossby waves, which are influenced by the
Internal_wave
Cyclone season in Australia
had formed to the west of the Kimberley coast, aided by an equatorial Rossby wave passing to the north of Australia. At the time, it had a partially exposed
2024–25 Australian region cyclone season
2024–25_Australian_region_cyclone_season
Rate at which air moves from high- to low-pressure areas
scales (from micro to macro scales). These include the pressure gradient, Rossby waves, jet streams, and local weather conditions. There are also links to be
Wind_speed
Swirling and reverse current in a turbulent flow regime
are other types of eddies that are not simple vortices. For example, a Rossby wave is an eddy which is an undulation that is a deviation from mean flow
Eddy_(fluid_dynamics)
Meteorological phenomenon
days. SSW's occur high in the stratosphere, are often associated with Rossby waves and Polar Vortex breakdown and come in varying magnitudes. SSW events
Sudden_stratospheric_warming
laboratory experiments. Rossby waves, geostrophic currents, and geostrophic winds are examples of inertial waves. Inertial waves are also likely to exist
Inertial_wave
Weather phenomenon
connected by large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns. Examples include Rossby wave propagation from the North Pacific or an upper-level anticyclone west
Cold_wave
Topics referred to by the same term
Carl-Gustaf Rossby (1898–1957) was a Swedish-born American meteorologist. Rossby may also refer to: Rossby (crater), impact crater on Mars Rossby wave, a natural
Rossby_(disambiguation)
Indian astronomer
due to interaction of Rossby waves and spot-producing magnetic fields (ApJ, 922, 46, 13pp, 2021) 2022–present: Solar Rossby waves modeling, observational
Mausumi_Dikpati
Concept in atmospheric dynamics and physical oceanography
oceanography, the Rossby radius of deformation is the length scale at which rotational effects become as important as buoyancy or gravity wave effects in the
Rossby_radius_of_deformation
1000-km-order method of measuring weather systems
related frontal zones occur on the leading edge of a trough within the Rossby wave pattern, while high-pressure areas form on the back edge of the trough
Synoptic_scale_meteorology
Shallow eastward flowing current found in the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans
Pacific NECC undergoes an annual cycle. This is a result of the annual Rossby wave. Early each year increased winds in the eastern Pacific generate a region
Equatorial_Counter_Current
Atmospheric stationary oscillations
velocity difference across the interface between two fluids. Rossby waves (or planetary waves) are large-scale motions in the atmosphere whose restoring
Lee_waves
Rapidly rotating storm system
development. Rossby waves can aid in the formation of a new tropical cyclone by disseminating the energy of an existing, mature storm. Kelvin waves can contribute
Tropical_cyclone
Scientist specialising in meteorology
in the westerlies in the earth's atmosphere, known as Rossby waves, or planetary waves. Rossby was featured on the cover of Time magazine on December
Meteorologist
Ocean and atmospheric oscillations
important, for example, in calculations involving Rossby waves. Beta plane Earth's rotation Rossby-gravity waves Vallis, Geoffrey K. (2006). Atmospheric and
Coriolis_frequency
Rotation of Earth around its axis
History of Earth History of geodesy Inner core super-rotation Nychthemeron Rossby wave Spherical Earth World Geodetic System See Fallexperimente zum Nachweis
Earth's_rotation
South-West Indian Ocean tropical storm in 2020
depression on 23 December due to the presence of a Kelvin wave and an equatorial Rossby wave, as well as warm sea surface temperatures. The depression
Tropical_Storm_Chalane
Marginal sea of the northeastern Indian Ocean
hit the coast of Sumatra and reflect back as Rossby waves and coastal Kelvin waves. These Kelvin waves are guided along the eastern boundary of Indian
Andaman_Sea
Recurring pattern of climate variability
generates Rossby waves that propagate poleward and eastward and are subsequently refracted back from the pole to the tropics. The planetary waves form at
Pacific_decadal_oscillation
Elongated region of low atmospheric pressure
towards the poles, creating a ripple in the circulation that is called a Rossby wave. These undulations give the hollows and peaks of altitude. In general
Trough_(meteorology)
Pacific Ocean. Persistent Saharan dust and the interaction of Kelvin and Rossby waves over the Americas contributed to a hostile environment for tropical development
2025 Atlantic hurricane season
2025_Atlantic_hurricane_season
Terrestrial planet orbiting the star Proxima Centauri
surface temperatures. The rotational period of the planet which determines Rossby wave dynamics. Internal heat flow which can melt the bases of ice sheets.
Proxima_Centauri_b
Layer in which active turbulence has homogenized some range of depths
deeper thermocline versus the shallower halocline due to Rossby wave dynamics (i.e. these waves favor vertical stretching of the upper water column). During
Mixed_layer
related to a combination of tropical circulation changes and midlatitude Rossby wave trains that propagate into South America. The development of the SAMS
Geography_of_South_America
Cloud pattern on the planet Saturn
the Cassini spacecraft. An early hypothesis attributed the hexagon to Rossby waves. A hypothesis developed at Oxford University is the hexagon forms where
Saturn's_hexagon
State where a planet's atmosphere rotates faster than the planet itself
waves and instabilities crucial. These dynamics, including Rossby waves and Kelvin waves, are integral in transferring momentum and energy within atmospheres
Atmospheric_super-rotation
spherical shape of the Earth. It is important in the generation of Rossby waves. The Rossby parameter β {\displaystyle \beta } is given by β = ∂ f ∂ y = 1
Rossby_parameter
Relative peak or lull in the sea level pressure distribution
in two areas: On the east side of upper troughs, which form half of a Rossby wave within the Westerlies (a trough with large wavelength, which extends
Pressure_system
Surface gravity waves with frequencies lower than the wind waves
refer to all gravity waves with periods greater than 30 s. This could include phenomena such as tides and oceanic Rossby waves, but the common scientific
Infragravity_wave
possible in late September due to the passage of an equatorial Rossby wave and a Kelvin wave, which would help cause the formation of a temporary near-equatorial
2024–25 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season
2024–25_South-West_Indian_Ocean_cyclone_season
German-American mathematician (1934–2020)
baroclinic Rossby waves in the North Pacific.” In: ”Journal of Physical Oceanography” 13, 1983, p. 38–42. Jim M. Price, Lorenz Magaard: ”Rossby wave analysis
Lorenz_Magaard
Feast day commemorating the legend of the Seven Sleepers
meandering flow of the polar jet stream in the Northern Hemisphere (Rossby waves) and the emergence of veering low-pressure and high-pressure (anticyclone)
Seven_Sleepers'_Day
Tropical cyclone season
began to monitor the potential for tropical cyclogenesis as Kelvin waves and Rossby waves intersected in the western portion of the agency's area of responsibility
2023–24 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season
2023–24_South-West_Indian_Ocean_cyclone_season
Dynamics of naturally occurring flows
Sverdrup balance Subsurface currents Kelvin wave Rossby wave Sverdrup wave (Poincaré wave) Gravity wave Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Vallis
Geophysical_fluid_dynamics
Oceanic division
amphidromes of opposite rotation in the Indian Ocean, probably caused by Rossby wave propagation. Icebergs drift as far north as 55° south latitude, similar
Indian_Ocean
Topics referred to by the same term
institute in Essen IATA code of Rocky Mount–Wilson Regional Airport Rossby wave instability, concept related to astrophysical accretion discs This disambiguation
RWI
Layer of water separating the well-mixed surface layer from the thermocline
deeper thermocline versus the shallower halocline due to Rossby wave dynamics (i.e. these waves favor vertical stretching of the upper water column). During
Barrier_layer_(oceanography)
Persistent cold-core low-pressure area that circles one of the poles
land masses at high latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere gives rise to Rossby waves which contribute to the breakdown of the polar vortex, whereas in the
Polar_vortex
Nonlinear optical process
harmonic generation He, Maosheng; Forbes, Jeffrey M. (2022-12-07). "Rossby wave second harmonic generation observed in the middle atmosphere". Nature
Second-harmonic_generation
Small amplitude gravitational tides
of an equilibrium tide along with a possible excitation of barotropic Rossby wave normal modes Gravitational tides are caused by changes in the relative
Long-period_tides
Submerged carbonate platforms that make up much of the Bahama Archipelago
Rogue wave Draupner wave Rossby wave Rossby-gravity waves Sea state Seiche Significant wave height Soliton Stokes drift Stokes problem Stokes wave Swell
Bahama_Banks
British-Baikal Corridor pattern and a synoptic Rossby wave breaking event over Europe. The July heat wave was caused by a strong omega block, consisting
2019_European_heatwaves
Boundary current in the Indian Ocean
isn't yet fully understood, but the analytical approach of applying Rossby wave theory can explain its basic formation mechanism. By observation and
Somali_Current
Australian and South-West Indian cyclone in 2023
active phase of the Madden–Julian oscillation combined with an equatorial Rossby wave while it was south of the Indonesian archipelago. Later, persistent convection
Cyclone_Freddy
Quantity associated with atmospheric waves
Wavenumbers 1–3 are called long waves and are often synonymous in meteorological literature with the mid-latitude planetary Rossby waves, while wavenumbers 4–10
Zonal_wavenumber
Physics of the Earth and its vicinity
observable effect on the Earth's magnetic field, but slower waves such as magnetic Rossby waves may be one source of geomagnetic secular variation. Electromagnetic
Geophysics
This is a list of wave topics. Contents: Top 0–9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Index_of_wave_articles
pressure zones with wind phenomenon in the upper troposphere such as Rossby waves and jet streams. In general Dines compensation ties together vertical
Dines'_compensation
Ocean current
pressure head reducing the flow. Global-scale, ocean waves such as equatorial/coastal Kelvin and Rossby waves drive interannual variation of the ITF with an
Indonesian_Throughflow
Smallest Galilean moon of Jupiter
generating large planetary tidal waves on Europa because of its small but non-zero obliquity. This generates so-called Rossby waves that travel quite slowly,
Europa_(moon)
Cambridge University. Rhines is best known for his work on Rossby waves—large-scale waves in Earth's oceans and atmosphere that play a critical role in
Peter_B._Rhines
the positive phase of the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and an equatorial Rossby wave. Despite that, the MJO briefly caused El Niño-like wind anomalies to
Tropical_cyclones_in_2024
Hierarchical outline list of articles related to oceanography
gravity waves, which is exerted on the mean flow Rogue wave – Relatively large and spontaneous ocean surface waves that occur at sea Rossby wave – A type
Outline_of_oceanography
Rossby number Rossby wave A very large-scale atmospheric wave appearing on an upper-air isobaric analysis of the middle and upper troposphere. Rossby
Glossary_of_meteorology
Aspects of fluid mechanics involving flow of fluids (liquids and gases)
surface waves – Surface waves generated by wind on open waterPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets Rossby wave – Inertial wave in rotating
Outline_of_fluid_dynamics
Approximation whereby the Coriolis parameter, f, is set to vary linearly in space
Coriolis parameter varies in space. In particular, Rossby waves, the most important type of waves if one considers large-scale atmospheric and oceanic
Beta_plane
Global-scale periodic oscillations of the atmosphere
field pull of the Moon Non-linear interactions between tides and planetary waves Large-scale latent heat release due to deep convection in the tropics The
Atmospheric_tide
downdraft (RFD) Ridge Roll cloud Remote sensing Rope tornado Rossby number Rossby wave Rotation Safe room Satellite tornado – A smaller tornado that
Glossary_of_tornado_terms
Climate theory
in the monsoon region induces atmospheric circulation features named Rossby waves that expand westward and interact with the mean westerly winds of the
Rodwell–Hoskins_mechanism
Turbulent movement of transparent air masses
move chaotically. A strong anticyclone vortex can also lead to CAT. Rossby waves caused by this jet stream shear and the Coriolis force cause it to meander
Clear-air_turbulence
Category 5 Australian region cyclone in 2023
Madden–Julian oscillation in conjunction with a westward-propagating equatorial Rossby wave led to the formation of a tropical low on 6 April. The low—designated
Cyclone_Ilsa
Depression 01, a sudden surge of equatorial Rossby Waves and Kelvin Waves prevailed over the basin. These two waves helped in a formation of another monsoonal
2022 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
2022_North_Indian_Ocean_cyclone_season
Approximation in geophysical fluid dynamics
responsible for the North-westward direction of most tropical cyclones. Rossby waves also depend on variations in f, and do not occur in the f-plane approximation
F-plane
Seasonally-varying ocean current regime in the northern Indian Ocean
weeks) can be explained theoretically in terms of linear theory with a Rossby wave response. The Monsoon Current can also be viewed in terms of local forcing
Indian_Monsoon_Current
Gas layer surrounding Earth
from smaller gravity waves that transfer momentum into the higher atmospheric layers, to much larger planetary waves, or Rossby waves. Atmospheric tides
Atmosphere_of_Earth
Mountain ranges that are mostly or entirely under the surface of an ocean
Rogue wave Draupner wave Rossby wave Rossby-gravity waves Sea state Seiche Significant wave height Soliton Stokes drift Stokes problem Stokes wave Swell
Undersea_mountain_range
Large-scale weather pattern with two modes
the barotropic instability produced by the jet, potentially exciting Rossby waves. Shifts in the jet stream can induce changes in air pressure distributions
Pacific–North American teleconnection pattern
Pacific–North_American_teleconnection_pattern
Australian academic
include climate dynamics on the decadal time scale, volcano dynamics and Rossby wave hydraulics. He is or has been the member of various societies such as
Peter_Baines_(academic)
Maximum depth at which a water wave's passage causes significant water motion
The wave base, in physical oceanography, is the maximum depth at which a water wave's passage causes significant water motion. At water depths deeper
Wave_base
Argentine-American atmospheric physicist (born 1939)
Jule Charney. His thesis, titled Instability of Frontal Waves, earned the Carl Gustav Rossby Award. Orlanski moved to the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory
Isidoro_Orlanski
Sedimentary body with topographic relief composed of autochthonous calcareous deposits
ramp above the fair weather wave base, the middle ramp, above the storm wave base, the outer ramp, below the storm wave base. In distally steepened ramps
Carbonate_platform
Relatively flat submarine region that rises well above the level of the ambient seabed
Rogue wave Draupner wave Rossby wave Rossby-gravity waves Sea state Seiche Significant wave height Soliton Stokes drift Stokes problem Stokes wave Swell
Oceanic_plateau
Climate anomalies related at large distances
emerged that such patterns could be understood through the dispersion of Rossby waves due to the spherical geometry of the Earth. This is sometimes called
Teleconnection
Subfield of astronomy
Epicyclic frequency – Orbital oscillation frequency in galactic potentials. Rossby wave instability – Triggers coronal mass ejections in stellar dynamos. Richtmyer–Meshkov
Outline_of_astrophysics
Statistic used for nonlinear interactions
Computer Engineering. He, Maosheng; Forbes, Jeffrey M. (2022-12-07). "Rossby wave second harmonic generation observed in the middle atmosphere". Nature
Bispectrum
Furthermore, Noel Davidson et al. (2008) hypothesized that an upstream Rossby wave influenced this intensification. With these favorable conditions, Katrina
Meteorological history of Hurricane Katrina
Meteorological_history_of_Hurricane_Katrina
Pacific typhoon in 2018
and poleward outflow also aiding the system. Moreover, an equatorial Rossby wave reinforced humidity in the atmosphere, facilitating the process. For
Typhoon_Jelawat_(2018)
Cyclone season in the Southwest Indian Ocean
Kelvin wave. Despite being during a dry phase of the MJO, the Kelvin wave's interaction with a nearby, westward-propagating, equatorial Rossby wave gave
2018–19 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season
2018–19_South-West_Indian_Ocean_cyclone_season
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