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Membrane potential at which ionic current reverses
membrane, the reversal potential is the membrane potential at which the direction of ionic current reverses. At the reversal potential, there is no net
Reversal_potential
Electric potential difference between interior and exterior of a biological cell
membrane potential toward the reversal potential for that ion. Thus, opening Na+ channels shifts the membrane potential toward the Na+ reversal potential, which
Membrane_potential
Expression of the ionic flux across a cell membrane
the definition of the reversal potential. By setting Φ S = 0 {\displaystyle \Phi _{S}=0} we can also obtain the reversal potential : Φ S = 0 = P S z S 2
Goldman–Hodgkin–Katz flux equation
Goldman–Hodgkin–Katz_flux_equation
Static membrane potential in biology
permeability for potassium, the resulting membrane potential is almost always close to the potassium reversal potential. But in order for this process to occur,
Resting_potential
Ion channel enzyme pump found in the membrane of all animal cells
the Nernst potential of potassium. Even if both K+ and Na+ ions have the same charge, they can still have very different equilibrium potentials for both
Sodium–potassium_pump
potential is about −90 mV at rest, which is close to the potassium reversal potential. When an action potential is generated, the membrane potential rises
Ventricular_action_potential
Ionotropic receptor and ligand-gated ion channel
successful action potential occurring at the postsynaptic cell. The reversal potential of the GABAA-mediated inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) in normal
GABAA_receptor
1990 American legal drama film directed by Barbet Schroeder
Reversal of Fortune is a 1990 American legal drama film directed by Barbet Schroeder and adapted from the 1985 book Reversal of Fortune: Inside the von
Reversal_of_Fortune
Describes how neurons transmit electric signals
potassium and sodium reversal potentials, respectively, and gl and Vl are the leak conductance per unit area and leak reversal potential, respectively. The
Hodgkin–Huxley_model
Type of synapse
potential to this reversal potential. If a neurotransmitter binds to a receptor with a reversal potential that is higher than the threshold potential
Excitatory_synapse
Heuristic designed to spot and eliminate status quo bias
evaluation of any decision involving a potential deviation from the status quo along some continuous dimension. The reversal test was introduced in the context
Reversal_test
Time reversal symmetry in physics
T-symmetry or time reversal symmetry is the theoretical symmetry of physical laws under the transformation of time reversal, T : t ↦ − t . {\displaystyle
T-symmetry
Form of synaptic inhibition mediated by increased membrane conductance
dendritic integration. Outcomes depend on timing of presynaptic inputs, reversal potential, background synaptic activity, and dendritic location. It is not yet
Shunting_inhibition
Electrical potential evoked in the nervous system
Monocular pattern reversal (most common) Sweep visual evoked potential Binocular visual evoked potential Chromatic visual evoked potential Hemi-field visual
Evoked_potential
Glutamate receptor and ion channel protein found in nerve cells
the ion channel that is nonselective to cations, with a combined reversal potential near 0 mV. While the opening and closing of the ion channel is primarily
NMDA_receptor
Main anion present in sea water
higher extracellular concentration, causing it to have a negative reversal potential (around −61 mV at 37 °C in a mammalian cell). Characteristic concentrations
Chloride
Structure connecting neurons in the nervous system
membrane potential prevents Cl− from entering the cell, even when its concentration is much higher outside than inside. The reversal potential for Cl−
Synapse
Neuron communication by electric impulses
action potential occurs when the membrane potential of a specific cell rapidly rises and falls. This "depolarization" (physically, a reversal of the polarization
Action_potential
Medical procedure
Vasectomy reversal is a term used for surgical procedures that reconnect the male reproductive tract after interruption by a vasectomy. Two procedures
Vasectomy_reversal
Error in statistical reasoning with groups
It is also referred to as Simpson's reversal, the Yule–Simpson effect, the amalgamation paradox, or the reversal paradox. One of the best-known examples
Simpson's_paradox
Any process that modulates the potential difference across a post-synaptic membrane
system. Ions can create excitatory or inhibitory potentials due to their unique reversal potentials and the membrane's permeability to each ion. The Nernst
Postsynaptic_potential
Group of transmembrane proteins that passively transport potassium ions
cell) is shown as an upward deflection. At membrane potentials negative to potassium's reversal potential, inwardly rectifying K+ channels support the flow
Inward-rectifier potassium channel
Inward-rectifier_potassium_channel
Main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain
to be reversed in immature neurons, with its reversal potential higher than the resting membrane potential of the cell; activation of a GABA-A receptor
GABA
of the geomagnetic poles between reversals has allowed paleomagnetism to track the past motion of continents. Reversals also provide the basis for magnetostratigraphy
Earth's_magnetic_field
Gradient of electrochemical potential, usually for an ion that can move across a membrane
potential difference Action potential Cell potential Electrodiffusion Galvanic cell Electrochemical cell Proton exchange membrane Reversal potential Nath
Electrochemical_gradient
Theory of personality, motivation and emotion
Reversal theory is a structural, phenomenological theory of personality, motivation, and emotion in the field of psychology. It focuses on the dynamic
Reversal_theory
Electroencephalogram wave pattern during seizures
concentration gradient causes the GABAA inhibitory current to surpass the reversal potential, leading to an efflux of the chloride ions. This leads to a decreased
Spike-and-wave
at around 0 mV (i.e. the reversal potential of the EPSP current is roughly 0 mV). However, the postsynaptic membrane potential will not change by more
LTP_induction
Neurological measurement
turning the tape over for analysis since they had no reversal playback or programmable computer. A potential preceding human voluntary movement was discovered
Bereitschaftspotential
Computational neuroscience model
the difference between cell resting potential ( E r {\displaystyle E_{r}} ) and the synaptic reversal potential ( E s {\displaystyle E_{s}} ). This equation
Synthetic_nervous_system
Process of role reversal in the parent-child relation
Parentification or parent–child role reversal is the process of role reversal whereby a child or adolescent is obliged to support the family system in
Parentification
Class of transport proteins
replacing negatively charged residues in the channel pore, making the reversal potential more negative. Anion-conducting channelrhodopsins (iChloC, iC++, GtACR)
Channelrhodopsin
Biological process
Sex reversal is a biological process whereby the pathway directed towards the already determined-sex fate is flipped towards the opposite sex, creating
Sex_reversal
the concentration of calcium in the Hensen's cells, following by a reversal potential which induced another current that was carried by chloride. When ATP
Hensen's_cell
Russian hydrotechnical design firm
under Sergey Zhuk's leadership, also researched the Northern river reversal's potential. It has also been involved in realizing nuclear power plants in the
Hydroproject
Transmembrane protein family
outward current than inward current at equivalent distance from the reversal potential. Calcium permeable AMPARs are found typically early during postnatal
AMPA_receptor
Topics referred to by the same term
Logitech Driving Force GT, a model of steering wheel Force, in physics Reversal potential, in a biological membrane This disambiguation page lists articles
Driving_Force
Involuntary, irregular muscle twitch
genetics play in these abnormalities may lead to potential treatments for their reversal, potentially correcting the loss of inhibition while enhancing
Myoclonus
Computer hardware technology that uses quantum mechanics
superposition, interference, and entanglement. Quantum computers have the potential to complete some calculations exponentially faster than classical computers
Quantum_computing
Neurotoxin
the Ca2+ current develops relatively fast. Calciseptine changes the reversal potential of the Ca2+ current in mouse myotubes. In adult frog skeletal muscle
Calciseptine
Medical discipline focused on the practical reversal of the aging process
Rejuvenation is a medical discipline focused on the practical reversal of the aging process. Rejuvenation is distinct from life extension. Life extension
Rejuvenation
Symbiotic phenomenon
Predator–prey reversal is a biological interaction where an organism that is typically prey in the predation interaction instead acts as the predator.
Predator–prey_reversal
Genetic disorder
heavily expressed in astrocytes and helps to set and maintain their reversal potential. Twenty-nine known mutations in this gene are associated with FHM2
Familial_hemiplegic_migraine
Class of transport proteins
results in opening of this channel. When the reversal potential of chloride is less than the membrane potential, chloride ions flow down their electrochemical
GABAA-rho_receptor
Cultural attribution of colors to genders
Various academic and popular sources have reported either a "pink–blue reversal", wherein the gendered associations of both colors were "flipped" sometime
Gendered associations of pink and blue
Gendered_associations_of_pink_and_blue
2015 book by Vinay Prasad and Adam Cifu
Ending Medical Reversal: Improving Outcomes, Saving Lives is a nonfiction book written by Vinay Prasad and Adam Cifu, published in 2015 by Johns Hopkins
Ending_Medical_Reversal
Toxin found in the venom of the sea anemone
potassium current is dependent on the concentration of AsKC11. The reversal potential (close to 0 mV) is not affected by AsKC11-induced currents through
AsKC11
penalty prosecutions in light of Washington's experience with sentence reversals, potential benefits to the criminal justice system from cost savings" and other
Capital punishment in Washington (state)
Capital_punishment_in_Washington_(state)
extracellular potassium depolarizes the membrane (due to the change of the reversal potential for potassium towards more positive values) and would then activate
Ophanin
concentration of chloride at the presynaptic terminal and thus its altered reversal potential, GABA receptor activation actually results in a chloride efflux, and
Presynaptic_inhibition
Congenital condition where an individual with a 46,XX karyotype is male
Wang T, Liu JH, Yang J, Chen J, Ye ZQ (February 2009). "46, XX male sex reversal syndrome: a case report and review of the genetic basis". Andrologia. 41
XX_male_syndrome
Receptors that respond to gamma-aminobutyric acid
membrane potential towards the reversal potential of the Cl¯ ion which is about –75 mV in neurons, inhibiting the firing of new action potentials. This mechanism
GABA_receptor
Obligation on a party in a dispute to provide sufficient warrant for their position
believing that there is a relationship between two phenomena (e.g. that a potential treatment has a measurable effect)—is a central task in the modern practice
Burden_of_proof_(philosophy)
Time period c. 12,900–11,700 years ago
Barbara (24 April 2018). "Warm summers during the Younger Dryas cold reversal". Nature Communications. 9 (1): 1634. Bibcode:2018NatCo...9.1634S. doi:10
Younger_Dryas
Ukrainian-American comedian (born 1951)
with inventing or popularizing the type of joke known as the "Russian reversal", in which life "in Soviet Russia" or "in Russia" is described through
Yakov_Smirnoff
US-Swedish advanced pilot training aircraft
2019. Retrieved 22 January 2019. Werner, Ben (30 April 2020). "In Role Reversal, Boeing's Defense Programs Prop Up Commercial Business". U.S. Naval Institute
Boeing–Saab_T-7_Red_Hawk
Biological neuron model
iso-potential patch of membrane. There are two persistent (non-inactivating) voltage-gated currents with oppositively biased reversal potentials. The
Morris–Lecar_model
Simulation software for modeling neurons
whose density across the cell can be defined. Maximum conductance, reversal potential, ligand sensitivity, ion permeability, as well as precise dynamics
Neuron_(software)
Longest recorded life span
S2CID 84325535. He J, Zheng L, Zhang W, Lin Y (21 December 2015). "Life Cycle Reversal in Aurelia sp.1 (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa)". PLOS ONE. 10 (12) e0145314. Bibcode:2015PLoSO
Maximum_life_span
Philosopher and writer (born 1973)
enhancement ethics, whole brain emulation, superintelligence risks, and the reversal test. He was the founding director of the later defunct Future of Humanity
Nick_Bostrom
Iranian-American scientist
Mahmoud Reza Banki (Persian: محمودرضا بانکی; born 1976) is an Iranian-American scientist, management consultant and business executive. Born in Tehran
Mahmoud_Reza_Banki
Hamid Hayat (born September 10, 1982) is a United States citizen of Pakistani descent from Lodi, California. His father, Umer Hayat (born 1957 or 1958)
Hamid_and_Umer_Hayat
Surgical procedure for male sterilization
following surgery. The procedure is regarded as permanent because vasectomy reversal is costly and often does not restore the male's sperm count or sperm motility
Vasectomy
Previously recognized tribe in north-west US
The Chinook Indian Nation is an unrecognized tribe in the U.S. states of Oregon and Washington that was federally recognized from 2001 to 2002. It consists
Chinook_Indian_Nation
Peptide from honey bee venom
blockade by intracellular cations at voltages more positive than the K+ reversal potential is the mechanism underlying this feature. At more negative voltages
Tertiapin
River in Cambodia
Tonle Sap reversal occur?". Stimson Center. Pokhrel, Yadu; Shin, Sanghoon; Lin, Zihan; Yamazaki, Dai; Qi, Jiaguo (10 December 2018). "Potential Disruption
Tonle_Sap_River
Electric current in the heart
spontaneous activity of sinoatrial myocytes, and thus the cardiac rate. The reversal potential of the funny current lies between -20 and -10 mV. Another unusual
Pacemaker_current
In crystalline photovoltaic modules
Potential-induced degradation (PID) is a potential-induced performance degradation in crystalline photovoltaic modules, caused by so-called stray currents
Potential-induced_degradation
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
transient outward current, creating a steady membrane potential close to the reversal potential of potassium. Kir2.1 has been shown to interact with:
Kir2.1
Class of transport proteins
mitochondrial membrane potential. The relationship of these parameters can be expressed by an equation solving for the 'reversal potential of the ANT" (Erev_ANT)
Adenine nucleotide translocator
Adenine_nucleotide_translocator
Ion channel that conducts protons based on voltage and pH
difference across the membrane, so the activation curve follows the reversal potential for protons. Under physiological conditions, these channels open only
Voltage-gated_proton_channel
Pattern within a chart when prices are graphed
patterns: Reversal Patterns: Double Top Reversal Double Bottom Reversal Triple Top Reversal Triple Bottom Reversal Head and Shoulders Key Reversal Bar Continuation
Chart_pattern
Group of transport proteins
another way, increasing internal chloride concentration increases the reversal potential for chloride, given by the Nernst equation. Later in development expression
Na–K–Cl_cotransporter
Family of transport proteins
and maintaining a negative resting membrane potential (slightly more positive than the K+ reversal potential). In the presence of higher glucose metabolism
ATP-sensitive potassium channel
ATP-sensitive_potassium_channel
2026 American film by Dave Green
noted that the film had drawn praise at test screenings and interest from potential buyers. Director Dave Green voiced his disappointment over the film's
Coyote_vs._Acme
Political party in the United States
062. Turner, James Morton; Isenberg, Andrew C. (2018). The Republican Reversal: Conservatives and the Environment from Nixon to Trump. Harvard University
Republican Party (United States)
Republican_Party_(United_States)
Principal Dutch passenger railway operator
Nederlandse Spoorwegen ([ˈneːdərlɑntsə ˈspoːrˌʋeːɣə(n)] , lit. 'Dutch Railways', NS [ɛnˈɛs] ) is the principal passenger railway operator in the Netherlands
Nederlandse_Spoorwegen
German pharmaceutical company
Idarucizumab Humanized antibody fragment (FAB), specific reversal agent to dabigatran Reversal of dabigatran-induced anticoagulation in case of an emergency
Boehringer_Ingelheim
Highest level of animal sociality a species can attain
eusociality in bees was followed by at least one reversal to solitarity, giving a total of at least nine reversals. In a few species, solitary and eusocial colonies
Eusociality
Collapse of deposited sediment at the core-mantle boundary
can have significant impacts on convection cells, potentially causing magnetic extrusions and reversals. Some of the largest mantle avalanches can possibly
Mantle_avalanches
Wrestling style
still in contact. Reversal (2 points): A defensive wrestler who is being controlled on the bottom is awarded two points for a reversal when they come from
Collegiate_wrestling
2025 film by Jared Bush and Byron Howard
voices Judy Hopps, told CinemaBlend that she would like to see a role reversal between Judy and Nick in the sequel. "I would like to see Nick have to
Zootopia_2
Electronic component
if any. Current reversal occurs when the current changes direction. Voltage reversal is the change of polarity in a circuit. Reversal is generally described
Capacitor
Soccer officiating controversy
card reversal". Euronews. Retrieved July 6, 2026. Liboreiro, Jorge (July 6, 2026). "EU demands fairness and transparency after FIFA's Balogun reversal".
2026 Trump–FIFA red card controversy
2026_Trump–FIFA_red_card_controversy
Poem by William Shakespeare
variant, an initial reversal: / × × / × / × / × / Oaths of thy love, thy truth, thy constancy; (152.10) An initial reversal potentially occurs in line 11
Sonnet_152
characterized by reversals and inversions of traditional heteronormative gender roles within heterosexual relationships. Crossamorous role reversal can be a constituent
Crossamory
Medical condition
artery. This reversal occurs due to proximal stenosis (narrowing) or occlusion of the subclavian artery. The phenomenon of flow reversal is called subclavian
Subclavian_steal_syndrome
Diplomatic crisis over US annexation threats
the Kingdom of Denmark". From his reelection in 2024 until his public reversal in January 2026, Trump refused to rule out an invasion of Greenland and
Greenland_crisis
Caldera volcano west of Naples, Italy
Association of German Research Centres (16 Oct 2012). "An extremely brief reversal of the geomagnetic field, climate variability and a super volcano". Science
Phlegraean_Fields
Theoretical paradox resulting from time travel
object was sent to the past. Physicist Joseph Polchinski considered a potentially paradoxical situation involving a billiard ball that is fired into a
Temporal_paradox
1816 novel by Jane Austen
These pairs suggest that Emma may have been a gendered reversal of the earlier novel. Such reversals were familiar to Austen through the works of favoured
Emma_(novel)
Genus of flowering plants
proposed to explain sex determination in Cannabis. Based on studies of sex reversal in hemp, it was first reported by K. Hirata in 1924 that an XY sex-determination
Cannabis
investigation found that the aileron cables were installed incorrectly, causing a reversal of aileron controls. Type of aircraft: Embraer E190 206 6 "Cockpit Catastrophe"
List_of_Mayday_episodes
Stage of the Pleistocene Epoch
of the Chibanian is the Brunhes–Matuyama reversal, when the Earth's magnetic field last underwent reversal. Its end roughly coincides with the termination
Middle_Pleistocene
Electric battery which can be recharged
occurring that might cause cell reversal. A smart battery has voltage monitoring circuitry built inside. Cell reversal can occur to a weakly charged cell
Rechargeable_battery
Behavioral treatment package for repetitive behavior disorders
Habit reversal training (HRT) is a "multicomponent behavioral treatment package originally developed to address a wide variety of repetitive behavior disorders"
Habit_reversal_training
Class of drugs
ciraparantag, a potential reversal agent for direct factor Xa inhibitors, is still under investigation. Additionally, hemostatic reversal agents have also
Anticoagulant
Anticoagulant drug
Approves Portola Pharmaceuticals' Andexxa, First and Only Antidote for the Reversal of Factor Xa Inhibitors" (Press release). Portola Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Rivaroxaban
International fencing governing body
The International Fencing Federation (Fédération Internationale d'Escrime) commonly known by the acronym FIE, is the international governing body of Olympic
International Fencing Federation
International_Fencing_Federation
Urban socioeconomic process
neighborhoods that have undergone disinvestments and economic decline experience a reversal, reinvestment, and the in-migration of a well-off middle- and upper-middle-class
Gentrification
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