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Female plant reproductive structure
In seed plants, the ovule is the structure that gives rise to and contains the female reproductive cells. It consists of three parts: the integument,
Ovule
Female reproductive cell
structure called the ovule contains the female gametophyte. The gametophyte produces an egg cell. After fertilization, the ovule develops into a seed
Egg_cell
2022 single by Björk
"Ovule" is a song by Icelandic musician Björk, released on 14 September 2022 as the second single from her tenth studio album Fossora. The song was written
Ovule_(song)
Biological part involved in sexual reproduction
Female reproductive structures, such as pistils in flowering plants, produce ovules and receive pollen for fertilization. Mosses, ferns, and some similar plants
Sex_organ
Reproductive structure in plants
may include seed and husk or tuber. Seeds are the product of the ripened ovule, after the embryo sac is fertilized by sperm from pollen, forming a zygote
Seed
Antifungal medication
itch. It is also sold in Canada under the brand name Ecostatin as vaginal ovules to treat vaginal thrush.[citation needed] Econazole nitrate exhibits strong
Econazole
Reproductive structure in flowering plants
inside anthers, the male part of flowers, and megaspores are produced inside ovules contained within the ovary. As with all heterosporous plants, the gametophytes
Flower
Female organs of a flower
commonly used as a collective term for the parts of a flower that produce ovules and ultimately develop into the fruit and seeds. The gynoecium is the innermost
Gynoecium
Structure inside bird eggs and plant ovules
chalazas or chalazae /kəˈleɪzi/) is a structure inside bird eggs and plant ovules. It attaches or suspends the yolk or nucellus within the larger structure
Chalaza
Flowering plant reproductive part
or gynoecium. Specifically, it is the part of the pistil which holds the ovule(s) and is located above or below or at the point of connection with the
Ovary_(botany)
Seed-bearing part of a flowering plant
megagametophyte or embryo sac.) After double fertilization, the ovules become seeds. Ovules are fertilized in a process that starts with pollination, which
Fruit
Union of opposite-sex gametes in sexual reproduction to form a zygote
penetrates the ovule through a tiny pore called a micropyle. The sperm are transferred from the pollen through the pollen tube to the ovule where the egg
Fertilisation
Clade of non-flowering, naked-seeded vascular plants
their seeds (called ovules in their unfertilized state). The non-encased condition of their seeds contrasts with the seeds and ovules of flowering plants
Gymnosperm
Extinct order of Late Carboniferous seed ferns
an extinct order of pteridospermous seed plants characterised by large ovules with circular cross-section and a vascularised nucellus, complex pollen-organs
Medullosales
Clade of seed plants that produce flowers
with Robert Brown, when angiosperm came to mean a seed plant with enclosed ovules. In 1851, with Wilhelm Hofmeister's work on embryo-sacs, Angiosperm came
Flowering_plant
Form of pollination
pollen arrives at the stigma of a flower (in flowering plants) or at the ovule (in gymnosperms) of the same plant. The term cross-pollination is used for
Self-pollination
Tubular structure to conduct male gametes of plants to the female gametes
from the stigma (in flowering plants) to the ovules at the base of the pistil or directly through ovule tissue in some gymnosperms. In maize, this single
Pollen_tube
only slightly connected. Members of Polypetalae contain bitegmic ovules (i.e., ovules having two integuments). Plant identification Calyciflorae For an
Polypetalae
Process after the fertilization of an ovule to produce a fully developed plant embryo
plant embryogenesis, is a process that occurs after the fertilization of an ovule to produce a fully developed plant embryo. This is a pertinent stage in
Plant_embryonic_development
Extinct family of seed ferns
secretory structures. Similar structures have also been found in associated ovules, pollen-organs and foliage, and were one of the main lines of evidence on
Callistophytaceae
Shiny fibres at the tip of an ear of corn
The term probably originated sometime between 1850 and 1855. Up to 1000 ovules (potential kernels) form per ear of corn, each of which produces a strand
Corn_silk
Study of flower structures
and numerous ovules per locule. The number of locules of the ovary is given as a subscript of the number of carpels; the number of ovules per locule is
Floral_morphology
Grains containing the male gametophytes of seed plants
it germinates, producing a pollen tube that transfers the sperm to the ovule containing the female gametophyte. Individual pollen grains are small enough
Pollen
Reproductive organ on conifers
needed] The female cone (megastrobilus, seed cone, or ovulate cone) contains ovules which when fertilized by pollen become seeds. The female cone structure
Cone_(botany)
Species of plant
style is the longest in the group, and its flowers have a higher pollen:ovule ratio. It is self-incompatible. It is diploid at n = 12. Together with
Solanum_perlongistylum
Complex fertilization mechanism of flowering plants
opening in the ovule, and releases two sperm into the embryonic sac (megagametophyte). The mature embryonic sac of an unfertilized ovule is 7-cellular
Double_fertilization
Haploid sex cell
then into the ovule. The pollen then produces non-motile sperm nuclei by mitosis that are transported down the pollen tube to the ovule where they are
Gamete
Underground stem in which various plants asexually reproduce via budding
Dispersal Endosperm Gametophyte Gynandrium Gynoecium Carpel Ovary Locule Ovule Stigma Style Hypanthium (Floral cup) Inflorescence Bract Pedicellate Raceme
Rhizome
Biological process occurring in plants
containing the female gametes are held within the carpel. After entering an ovule through the micropyle, one male nucleus fuses with the polar bodies to produce
Pollination
Part of a flower
length that connects the ovary to the stigma. The style does not contain ovules; these are limited to the region of the gynoecium (female organs of the
Style_(botany)
encounter the ovule, where they gain access through a pore in the ovule's integument (micropyle), allowing fertilisation to occur. Once the ovule has been
Glossary_of_plant_morphology
forming a network. anatropous (of an ovule) Inverted so that the micropyle faces the placenta (this is the most common ovule orientation in flowering plants)
Glossary_of_botanical_terms
Prehistoric plant order
have the most primitive features, most notably in the structure of their ovules. During early and most of middle Pennsylvanian times the Medullosales took
Lyginopteridales
2022 studio album by Björk
September, with the song premiering on BBC Radio 6 Music. The second single, "Ovule", was released without any prior announcement on 14 September, along with
Fossora
2022 single by Björk featuring Kasimyn
Songwriters Björk Kasimyn Producer Björk Björk singles chronology "Features Creatures" (2019) "Atopos" (2022) "Ovule" (2022) Music video "Atopos" on YouTube
Atopos_(song)
Plant evolutionary process
genome a and nuclear genome AA) pollen hybridizes to species B's (b and BB) ovule, yielding the 1st hybrid (F1) with chloroplast genome b and nuclear genome
Chloroplast_capture
Genus of plants
Krauss near Durban. It is differentiated from Tricalysia and Empogona by the ovule arrangement inside the ovary cells. The genus contains between 4 and 10
Kraussia
Extinct family of seed ferns
†Alethopteridaceae Corsin 1960 Genera Pachytesta permineralized ovules Trigonocarpus ovule casts Bernaultia synangium Alethopteris leaves Medullosa permineralized
Alethopteridaceae
Process of formation of megaspore mother cell (MMC) is called megasporogenesis
then develop into the haploid female gametophytes. This occurs within the ovule, which is housed inside the ovary. Prior to megagametogenesis, a developing
Megagametogenesis
Plant material preserved for scientific uses
Dispersal Endosperm Gametophyte Gynandrium Gynoecium Carpel Ovary Locule Ovule Stigma Style Hypanthium (Floral cup) Inflorescence Bract Pedicellate Raceme
Botanical_specimen
Family of flowering plants
Gardenieae with many ovules in Cinchonoideae and Ixoreae with one ovule in Coffeoideae, and because in species of Tarenna the number of ovules varies from one
Rubiaceae
Form of seed reproduction
apomixis, where eventually nucellar embryos from the nucellus tissue of the ovule are formed, independent of meiosis and sexual reproduction. During the development
Nucellar_embryony
Biological process
reproductive structure (carpel), where the female gametophytes are located within ovules enclose within the ovary. After the pollen tube grows through the carpel's
Sexual_reproduction
Sporangia-bearing reproductive structure in some land plants
strobili, but the ovules are typically borne in pairs at the end of a stem, not in a strobilus. When there are more than a pair of ovules in G. biloba, however
Strobilus
Genus of legumes
which bear two ovules per fruit (with typically only one fully maturing to become a viable seed), false prairie clovers bear only one ovule per fruit. Marina
Marina_(plant)
Extinct order of plants
early spermatophytes, they could be described as "seed ferns", combining ovule-based reproduction with pinnate leaves superficially similar to modern ferns
Callistophytales
First season of Hell's Paradise
from behind. They are unsuccessful until Senta suggests they attack its ovule which is the vulnerable point of the plant-like Tensen. The badly wounded
Hell's_Paradise_season_1
Multicellular diploid eukaryote in its earliest stage of development
(angiosperms) create embryos after the fertilization of a haploid ovule by pollen. The DNA from the ovule and pollen combine to form a diploid, single-cell zygote
Embryo
Unit of reproduction adapted for dispersal and survival in unfavorable conditions
seed plants are produced internally, and the megaspores (formed within the ovules) and the microspores are involved in the formation of more complex structures
Spore
Order of plants
on the strobiloid. Ovules of Ginkgo trees come from stalks from leaf axils on the short shoots, each containing two ovules. The ovule is fertilized by the
Ginkgoales
Species of tree
Female plants do not produce cones. Two ovules are formed at the end of a stalk. Fertilization of the ovule occurs through wind pollination, via motile
Ginkgo_biloba
Species of wasp
pollinate the figs, while fig wasps only lay their eggs inside the fig ovules. Jelly fig pollinating W. pumilae are different from Creeping fig pollinating
Wiebesia_pumilae
that results in misshapen fruits caused by abnormal development of the ovule-bearing part of the flower in angiosperms. It is commonly called "cat face"
Carpellody
Species of flowering plant
syncarpous, ovary superior, penta or multilocular with axile placentation, one ovule in each locule; style 1, passing through the staminal tube; stigma globular
Sida_acuta
Order of flowering plants
uniloculate ovary with a single ovule. Huertea has one locule containing two ovules, or two locules, each containing one ovule. Gerrardina, Dipentodon, and
Huerteales
Organism that produces both male and female gametes
that has both staminate (male, pollen-producing) and carpellate (female, ovule-producing). Individuals with these flowers are referred to as homoecious
Hermaphrodite
Extinct genus of seed-bearing plants
and orthotropous (straight, upright and with a micropyle at apex) ovules." The ovules are associated with leaves of either Baiera or Ginkgoites leaf morphospecies
Yimaia
Large spore in heterosporous plants that germinates into a female gametophyte
flowering plants, the megaspore is produced inside the nucellus of the ovule. During megasporogenesis, a diploid precursor cell, the megasporocyte or
Megaspore
Extinct order of seed plants
infertile interseminal scales and fertile sporophylls with ovules at their tips. The presence of ovules at the tips of sporophylls, rather than the tips of stems
Bennettitales
Type of fruit
fertilization (parthenocarpy), or pollination triggers fruit development, but the ovules or embryos abort without producing mature seeds (stenospermocarpy). Seedless
Seedless_fruit
Reproductive cycle of plants and algae
showing pollen (microgametophytes) Plant ovules (megagametophytes): gymnosperm ovule on left, angiosperm ovule (inside ovary) on right Double fertilization
Alternation_of_generations
gynophore is the stalk of certain flowers which supports the gynoecium (the ovule-producing part of a flower), elevating it above the branching points of
Gynophore
Genus of orchids
appendages or antennae. Unlike most other angiosperms, the development of the ovules is triggered by pollination. Therefore a temporal mismatch of male and female
Phalaenopsis
Fruit with outer shell protecting kernel
consumption and excretion by herbivores. A seed is the mature fertilised ovule of a plant; it consists of three parts, the embryo which will develop into
Nut_(fruit)
Genus of flowering plants
sepals and 2 pairs of petals joined in pairs, 2 stamens and an ovary with 2 ovules with a 2-lobed stigma. Plants in the genus Notelaea are shrubs or small
Notelaea
Production of new offspring in plants
cell) and female tissues of the ovule give rise to the surrounding tissues in the developing seed. The fertilized ovules develop into seeds within a fruit
Plant_reproduction
Salix, genus of trees
rachis of a catkin. The ovary is one-celled, the style two-lobed, and the ovules numerous. The scientific use of the genus name Salix originates with Carl
Willow
Species of plant
introrse. Gynoecium: it is bicarpellary, syncarpous, superior, unilocular, ovule one, basal placentation, style single and filiform, stigma capitate. Fruits:
Achyranthes_aspera
Monotypic genus of plants
occurring when the pollination drop (a sugary substance produced by the ovule) appears. Because of this, seeds in the wild may be rendered nonviable before
Welwitschia
Genus of flowering plants
Typhonium. The only apparent difference between the two is in how many ovules each have and the overall size of the plants. Typhoniums are bigger than
Theriophonum
Species of shrub
species have ovaries with two chambers, each of which contains one ovule. The ovules are located near the base of the flower and are erect, or they are
Lippia_substrigosa
Diploid multicellular stage in the life cycle of a plant or alga
into the next sporophyte generation while still retained within the pre-ovule, the single large female meiospore or megaspore contained in the modified
Sporophyte
Botanical article by Robert Brown
digressions into ovule anatomy and development, in which Brown sets out for the first time the modern understanding of the structure of angiosperm ovules, and publishes
Character and description of Kingia
Character_and_description_of_Kingia
Genus of gymnosperms in the family Ephedraceae
female strobili also occur in whorls, with bracts which fuse around a single ovule. Fleshy bracts are white (such as in E. frustillata) or red. There are generally
Ephedra_(plant)
Species of flowering plant, or its fruit
Blastophaga psenes, to enter and pollinate the flowers. Each fertilized ovule (one per flower, in its ovary) develops into a small, single-seeded fruit
Fig
Species of tree
superior, two-celled; style long, thread-like, with a two-lipped stigma. Ovules numerous. Fruit: Long slender capsule, nearly cylindrical, two-celled, partition
Catalpa_bignonioides
Mechanism of evolution involving male gamete competition and cryptic female choice
mechanisms: Intra-sexual (male–male) competition: Competing pollen donors vie for ovule fertilization via traits such as pollen packaging, timing of release, and
Sexual selection in flowering plants
Sexual_selection_in_flowering_plants
Species of cycad
Cycadales. The genus name "Dioon" means "two-egged", referring to the two ovules (see photo below). Two subspecies are known, the nominate subspecies growing
Dioon_edule
Extinct genus of angiosperm
among angiosperms—such as helically arranged floral organs and numerous ovules—were already present by the mid-Cretaceous, supporting the magnoliid hypothesis
Archaeanthus
Family of flowering plants
placentation is apical, with a pair of ovules hanging by their funicles from the top of each locule. Often, only one of the ovules will develop into a seed. A single
Phyllanthaceae
Several distinct polyphyletic groups of extinct seed-bearing plants
needed] One of the few characters that may unify the group is that the ovules were borne in a cupule, a group of enclosing branches, but this has not
Pteridosperm
Genus of flowering plants
elaiosome. The testa is black and the pericarp dry. Most species have 12 ovules and 36 seeds, although some species such as N. bulbocodium have more, up
Narcissus_(plant)
Species of plant
sessile, hairy, contracted into a short style, with two stigmatic lobes; ovules in two rows. Fruit: Legume, six to ten inches (150–250 mm) long, one and
Kentucky_coffeetree
for ovules and seeds: taken to the extreme, the megasporangia could bear only a single megaspore tetrad, and to complete the transition to true ovules, three
Evolutionary history of plants
Evolutionary_history_of_plants
Extinct family of seed ferns
Carboniferous coal measures. Moresnetiaceae were shrubs to trees with radiospermic ovules with a lagenostome and aggregated into multiovular cupules. Anderson, J
Moresnetiaceae
Order of flowering plants
upwards, and the protective cell layer (or integument) surrounding the ovule leaves a zigzag opening (or micropyle). Some cell clusters have bundles
Crossosomatales
Species of flowering plant
their base. The spherical, somewhat compressed ovary contains only one ovule. There is at most a short (about 0.2 mm) style. The fruits are spherical
Iresine_herbstii
Species of flowering plant
Drawing of the structure of Asarum canadense including features such as flower, ovule placentation, leaves, and rhizomes.
Asarum_canadense
Tallest, largest, stoutest, widest, and other such trees
Dispersal Endosperm Gametophyte Gynandrium Gynoecium Carpel Ovary Locule Ovule Stigma Style Hypanthium (Floral cup) Inflorescence Bract Pedicellate Raceme
List_of_superlative_trees
Genus of flowering plants in the mulberry family
tube that grows down through the style to reach the ovule. After fertilization, each fertilized ovule develops into a small, one-seeded fruitlet. Because
Ficus
List of tallest living trees, by species
Dispersal Endosperm Gametophyte Gynandrium Gynoecium Carpel Ovary Locule Ovule Stigma Style Hypanthium (Floral cup) Inflorescence Bract Pedicellate Raceme
List_of_tallest_trees
2022 single by Björk
Little Independent Songwriter Björk Producer Björk Björk singles chronology "Ovule" (2022) "Ancestress" (2022) "Fossora" (2022) Music video "Ancestress" on
Ancestress_(song)
Study of organic evolution of plants based on fossils
originally based on compressions of ovules could be used to include the multi-ovulate cupules within which the ovules were originally borne. A complication
Paleobotany
Species of flowering plant in the gooseberry family
the style to the ovule. In warm weather, this takes about 48 hours, but in cold weather, it may take a week, and by that time, the ovule may have passed
Blackcurrant
Kingdom of organisms
The stamens create pollen, which produces male gametes that enter the ovule to fertilise the egg cell of the female gametophyte. Fertilisation takes
Plant
gymnosperms and flowering plants. D'Rozario, Rößler & Yang (2026) describe ovules of members of Cardiocarpales from the Permian (Lopingian) strata of the
2026_in_paleobotany
Selective seed death in plants
Selective embryo abortion (also known as selective seed abortion and selective ovule abortion ), is a form of non-random, premature termination of embryonic
Selective_embryo_abortion
French botanist (1801–1876)
confirmation of Robert Brown's views as to the structure of the unimpregnated ovule (with the introduction of the term "sac embryonnaire", or embryo sac), showing
Adolphe-Théodore_Brongniart
Extinct genus of seed ferns
Lagenostoma is a genus of seed ferns (Pteridospermatophyta), based on ovules preserved in coal balls from the Six Inch Coal of the Hough Hill Colliery
Lagenostoma
Subclade of green plants, also known as land plants
fertilization, the sporangium and its contents plus its coat is called an ovule; after fertilization a seed. In parallel to these developments, the other
Embryophyte
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