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Chemical test
A nitrate test is a chemical test used to determine the presence of nitrate ion in a solution. Testing for the presence of nitrate via wet chemistry is
Nitrate_test
The nitrate reductase test is a test to differentiate between bacteria based on their ability or inability to reduce nitrate (NO3−) to nitrite (NO2−) using
Nitrate_reductase_test
Chemical test for nitrite
the nitrate ion, which forms the same complex in a ring. In contrast, nitrites turn the whole solution brown and therefore interfere with that test. A
Nitrite_test
Test to detect nitrite ions in aqueous solution
first described in 1858 by Peter Griess. The test has also been widely used for the detection of nitrates (N-oxidation state = +5), which are a common
Griess_test
Highly flammable compound
cellulose nitrate, flash paper, flash cotton, guncotton, pyroxylin and flash string, depending on form) is a highly flammable compound formed by nitrating cellulose
Nitrocellulose
Chemical compound
Urea nitrate is a fertilizer-based high explosive with the chemical formula of CH5N3O4 (or (NH2)2COHNO3) that has been used in improvised explosive devices
Urea_nitrate
Chemical reagent used to distinguish between aldehydes and ketones
tautomerize into aldehydes. The reagent consists of a solution of silver nitrate, ammonium hydroxide and some sodium hydroxide (to maintain a basic pH of
Tollens'_reagent
Polyatomic ion (NO3, charge –1) found in explosives and fertilisers
Nitrate is a polyatomic ion with the chemical formula NO3−. Salts containing this ion are called nitrates. Nitrates are common components of fertilizers
Nitrate
Chemical compound
Silver nitrate is an inorganic compound with chemical formula AgNO 3. It is a colorless solid that is a precursor to many other silver compounds. Silver
Silver_nitrate
Chemical compound
[Al(OH) 4]− To distinguish between nitrate and nitrite, dilute HCl must be added to the nitrate. The brown ring test can also be used. Devarda's alloy
Devarda's_alloy
Chemical acid found in vinegar
colour that disappears after acidification. A more sensitive test uses lanthanum nitrate with iodine and ammonia to give a blue solution. Acetates when
Acetic_acid
Species of bacterium
which are pathogenic. Finally, perform nitrate test. Alternative test is Oxidative/fermentation glucose test(O/F test). If found to be oxidative, it is Neisseria
Neisseria_flava
Infection that affects part of the urinary tract
instance, a nitrate test can diagnose some UTIs, as a subset of bacteria produce this. Not all bacteria do, however, so a negative test does not exclude
Urinary_tract_infection
Soft colorless solid derived from petroleum, coal or shale oil
Chewing gum additive Forensic investigations: the nitrate test uses paraffin wax to detect nitrates and nitrites on the hand of a shooting suspect Fuel
Paraffin_wax
Particles expelled from the muzzle of a gun
The aptly named paraffin test is also referred to as the diphenylamine test, dermal nitrate test and the Gonzalez test. This test consisted of coating a
Gunshot_residue
Type of poisoning
types of rice tablets that are made up of herbal products. For a silver nitrate test on gastric aspirate, diluted gastric content can be positive. The toxicity
Aluminium_phosphide_poisoning
Species of bacterium
(anaerobic growth), it is capable of nitrate reduction under anoxic conditions. Therefore, nitrate tests are positive since nitrate is generally used as the final
Serratia_marcescens
Chemical compound RbNO3
Rubidium nitrate is an inorganic compound with the formula RbNO3. This alkali metal nitrate salt is a white hygroscopic solid that is highly soluble in
Rubidium_nitrate
Diagnostic tool used in urinalysis
bacteriuria and pyuria. The test for nitrites is a rapid screening method for possible asymptomatic infections caused by nitrate-reducing bacteria. Some of
Urine_test_strip
Chemical compound
Uranyl nitrate is a water-soluble yellow uranium salt with the formula UO2(NO3)2·nH2O. The hexa-, tri-, and dihydrates are known. The compound is mainly
Uranyl_nitrate
Ammonium nitrate explosion in Lebanon
in Beirut, Lebanon, caused by the ignition of 2,750 tonnes of ammonium nitrate. The chemical, confiscated in 2014 from the cargo ship MV Rhosus and stored
2020_Beirut_explosion
come into contact with a piece of paper higher up the test tube saturated with silver nitrate. Any alkyl iodide present will give a reaction with the
Zeisel_determination
Chemical compound
An alternative qualitative Zeisel test can be done with the use of mercury(II) nitrate instead of silver nitrate, leading to the formation of scarlet
Mercury(II)_nitrate
Highly corrosive mineral acid
reacts with proteins to form yellow nitrated products. This reaction is known as the xanthoproteic reaction. This test is carried out by adding concentrated
Nitric_acid
1921 industrial disaster in present-day Ludwigshafen, Germany
well known that ammonium nitrate was explosive, having been used extensively for this purpose during World War I, but tests conducted in 1919 had suggested
Oppau_explosion
Layer in photographic film
for test purposes is recommended in quantities no greater than one frame without extensive safety precautions. The smoke produced by burning nitrate film
Film_base
Diagnostic technique
the generation of nitric oxide is the nitrate-nitrite-nitric oxide pathway in which dietary inorganic nitrate is sequentially reduced to nitric oxide
Saliva_testing
High-concentration solution of hydrogen peroxide
High-test peroxide (HTP) is a highly concentrated (85 to 98%) solution of hydrogen peroxide, with the remainder consisting predominantly of water. In contact
High-test_peroxide
Chemical compound
Hydroxylammonium nitrate or hydroxylamine nitrate (HAN) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula [NH3OH]+[NO3]−. It is a salt derived from hydroxylamine
Hydroxylammonium_nitrate
Chemical test
alkaline conditions. When Nylander's reagent, which consists of bismuth nitrate, potassium sodium tartrate and potassium hydroxide, is added to a solution
Nylander's_test
Type of firearm propellant
a mixture of sulfur, charcoal (which is mostly carbon), and potassium nitrate (saltpeter). The sulfur and charcoal act as fuels, while the saltpeter
Gunpowder
List of large explosions
tonnes of ammonium nitrate-based explosive. On 14 April 1967, the dam was reinforced by an explosion of 3,900 tonnes of ammonium nitrate-based explosive
Largest artificial non-nuclear explosions
Largest_artificial_non-nuclear_explosions
Lab test for coking tendency of a substance
combustion chamber deposits, provided that alkyl nitrates are absent, or if present, that the test is performed on the base fuel without additive. For
Micro_carbon_residue
Chemical compound
the same apparatus, and with the same mixed acids as nitration of glycerine. In the test nitration of anhydrous glycol (100g) with 625g of mixed acid HNO
Ethylene_glycol_dinitrate
Impact-resistant high explosive
containing TNT include: Amatex (ammonium nitrate and RDX) Amatol (ammonium nitrate) Baratol (67% barium nitrate and 33% TNT) Composition B (RDX and paraffin
TNT
Test for Halides involving heat
material to inorganic salts include the sodium halide. Addition of silver nitrate solution causes any halides to precipitate as the respective silver halide
Beilstein_test
Class of enzymes
Nitrate reductases are molybdoenzymes that reduce nitrate (NO− 3) to nitrite (NO− 2). This reaction is critical for the production of protein in most
Nitrate_reductase
Management of nutrients in agriculture
variable rate N applications in-season. Post-black-layer corn stalk nitrate tests help to determine if N rates were low, optimal, or excessive in the
Nutrient_management
US nuclear ramjet project, 1957–1964
with oralloy uranyl nitrate, yttrium nitrate and zirconium nitrate to form a slurry which was coprecipitated by adding ammonium nitrate. Because the process
Project_Pluto
Biological testing method
The Ames test is a widely employed method that uses bacteria to test whether a given chemical can cause mutations in the DNA of the test organism. More
Ames_test
2013 explosion of ammonium nitrate in Texas, USA
On April 17, 2013, an ammonium nitrate explosion occurred at the West Fertilizer Company storage and distribution facility in West, Texas, United States
West Fertilizer Company explosion
West_Fertilizer_Company_explosion
Class of units of measurement for explosive energy
60) kg to obtain the same effects as 1 kg of TNT. With ANFO or ammonium nitrate, they would require 1.0/0.74 (or 1.35) kg or 1.0/0.32 (or 3.125) kg, respectively
TNT_equivalent
Procedures used to analyze water quality
contaminants such as nitrates or arsenic. EPA publishes test methods for contaminants that it regulates under the SDWA. Peer-reviewed test methods have been
Water_testing
American murderer (1930–2004)
result of three gunshot wounds—one each to the face, head, and shoulder. Nitrate tests revealed a small amount of gunpowder residue on both of Hubbard's hands
James_Hubbard_(murderer)
medium. Nitrate reduction Mycobacteria containing nitroreductase catalyze the reduction from nitrate to nitrite. The presence of nitrite in the test medium
Phenotypic testing of mycobacteria
Phenotypic_testing_of_mycobacteria
Device to estimate blood alcohol concentration
solution of sulfuric acid, potassium dichromate, and silver nitrate. The silver nitrate acts as a catalyst, allowing the alcohol to be oxidized at an
Breathalyzer
Procedure for identifying or quantifying a chemical compound or group
bromine test is used to test for the presence of unsaturation and phenols. Barium chloride tests for sulfates Acidified silver nitrate solution tests for
Chemical_test
Substance that can explode
industry tends to use nitrate-based explosives such as emulsions of fuel oil and ammonium nitrate solutions, mixtures of ammonium nitrate prills (fertilizer
Explosive
Chemical compound
Ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) is the inorganic compound with the formula (NH4)2[Ce(NO3)6]. This orange-red, water-soluble cerium salt is a specialised
Ceric_ammonium_nitrate
worth of ammonium nitrate. International experts have said that it will take some time to confirm whether it was a successful nuclear test, as North Korea
2006 North Korean nuclear test
2006_North_Korean_nuclear_test
Explosive chemical compound
Pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN), also known as PENT, pentyl, TEN (tetraeritrit nitrate, primarily in Russian), corpent, or penthrite (or, rarely and primarily
Pentaerythritol_tetranitrate
Explosives detonation test in 1985
state of New Mexico, for which 4,744 tons of ANFO explosive (ammonium nitrate and fuel oil), equivalent to 4 kilotons of TNT, were used to roughly simulate
Minor_Scale
Organic compound
its roots. In some soils, the ammonium is oxidized by bacteria to give nitrate (NO−3), which is also a nitrogen-rich plant nutrient. The loss of nitrogenous
Urea
Chemical compound
application in quantitative inorganic analysis of nitrates, nitrite and sulfonamide in blood, using the Griess test. This compound can be prepared by the reaction
N-(1-Naphthyl)ethylenediamine
Condition of elevated methemoglobin in the blood
syndrome. Nitrates used in agricultural fertilizers may leak into the ground and may contaminate well water. The current EPA standard of 10 ppm nitrate-nitrogen
Methemoglobinemia
Reagent used to detect water soluble proteins
with water, forming mercuric nitrate (Hg(NO3)2). In the test, the phenol group in the side chain of tyrosine is nitrated, and that product then complexes
Millon's_reagent
1986 nuclear accident in the Soviet Union
increased fission in the remaining materials, risking criticality. Gadolinium nitrate solution was used to quench neutrons to slow the fission. Even after completion
Chernobyl_disaster
Genus of lichen-forming fungi
that either shows no reaction or a faint green tint to the standard nitrate test (N–/N+). The supporting paraphyses are mostly unbranched but swell into
Lobothallia
Scientific test to study stress corrosion cracking
Slow strain rate testing (SSRT), also called constant extension rate tensile testing (CERT), is a popular test used by research scientists to study stress
Slow_strain_rate_testing
Plateau on Pacific coast of South America
ports for silver exports; in the 19th century, rich deposits of sodium nitrate made the region a zone of conflict between Chile, Bolivia, and Peru, culminating
Atacama_Desert
US/UK SLBM
the C-4. This fuel is more commonly known as NEPE-75. (NEPE stands for nitrate ester plasticized polyether, the 75 represents that the fuel contains 75%
UGM-133_Trident_II
Chemical compound used to oxidize another substance in a chemical reaction
chlorine (Cl2), and other halogens Nitric acid (HNO3) and nitrate compounds such as potassium nitrate (KNO3), the oxidizer in black powder Potassium chlorate
Oxidizing_agent
Explosions at the Binhai New Area of Tianjin, China
much larger and involved the detonation of about 800 tonnes of ammonium nitrate (approx. 256 tonnes TNT equivalent). Fires caused by the initial explosions
2015_Tianjin_explosions
depends on density which must always be specified, and may be too low if the test charge diameter is not large enough. Especially for little studied explosives
Table of explosive detonation velocities
Table_of_explosive_detonation_velocities
Species of bacterium
Test Result Gram stain + Catalase + Acid from glucose - (yellow pigment) Bacitracin Sensitive Motility - Nitrate reduction - Urease +
Micrococcus_luteus
Substance added to soil to enhance plant growth
Calcium Nitrate. It is important to remove the calcium nitrate because calcium nitrate is extremely hygroscopic. Method 1.(Odda process) Calcium nitrate crystals
Fertilizer
contain high concentrations of nitrate when excess fertilizer is applied. This can be an issue in crops with high levels of nitrate uptake, such as spinach and
Plant_tissue_test
U.S. program examining the peaceful applications of nuclear explosives (1961–1977)
project's uncharacteristically large and atmospherically vented Sedan nuclear test also helped geologists to determine that Barringer crater was formed as a
Project_Plowshare
Terrorist attack in the United States
Trade Center in New York City. The approximately 1,500-pound (680 kg) urea nitrate–hydrogen gas enhanced device was intended to make the North Tower collapse
1993 World Trade Center bombing
1993_World_Trade_Center_bombing
Mayor of Gore, New Zealand
21 November 2025. Scott-Fleming, Ella (22 November 2025). "Mayor, Greenpeace at odds over nitrate test". Otago Daily Times. Retrieved 21 November 2025.
Ben_Bell
Measure of alcohol content
still burn, the spirit was rated above proof. This test relies on the fact that potassium nitrate (a chemical in gunpowder) is significantly more soluble
Alcohol_proof
American manufacturer of 3D printers
Enzymes used a LulzBot TAZ in fabricating an open source photometer for nitrate testing. Similarly, Lulzbot 3D printers are used in projects to create low-cost
Aleph_Objects
Physical care and treatment of film-based materials
and physical performance. A polarization test can be used to identify polyester from cellulose acetate or nitrate. When viewed between cross-polarized filters
Conservation and restoration of film
Conservation_and_restoration_of_film
United States explosive test
Defense Nuclear Agency (DNA). The test was run on 14 May 1987. The explosive consisted of 4685 tons of an Ammonium Nitrate and Fuel Oil (ANFO) mixture loaded
Misty_Picture
Measuring electric potential of a solution as titrant is added
with a mercury/mercurous nitrate reference electrode. He found that in a cell composed of mercurous nitrate and mercurous nitrate/mercury, the initial voltage
Potentiometric_titration
Alkaline solution
Berthelot chemistry has also been adapted for the analysis of nitrite and nitrate in soil and water after conversion, typically by reduction with Devarda's
Berthelot's_reagent
Medication
sildenafil due to the risk of low blood pressure. Nitroglycerin is in the nitrate family of medications. While it is not entirely clear how it works, it
Nitroglycerin_(medication)
Statistical test
variable and if there is any interaction between them. Researchers use this test to see if two factors act independent or combined to influence a Dependent
Two-way_analysis_of_variance
Explosion in India
indicated that the blast is suspected to have been caused by ammonium nitrate fuel oil and other explosives in the car, which triggered a fire that damaged
2025_Delhi_Red_Fort_blast
munitions plant near McGregor, Texas, which manufactured TNT, bombs, ammonium nitrate and similar products for the American troops during World War II. BlueBonnet
Bluebonnet_Ordnance_Plant
Chemical compound
with methyl groups. N,N-Dimethyl-1-naphthylamine is used in the nitrate reductase test to form a precipitate of a red azo dye by reacting with a nitrite-sulfanilic
N,N-Dimethyl-1-naphthylamine
1995 domestic terrorism bombing in Oklahoma City
September 30, 1994, Nichols bought forty 50-pound (23 kg) bags of ammonium nitrate fertilizer from Mid-Kansas Coop in McPherson, Kansas, enough to fertilize
Oklahoma_City_bombing
SpaceX private launch site
discharges are expected to contain total dissolved solids constituents nitrate, phosphorus, sulfate, chloride, fluoride, aluminum, cadmium, chromium,
SpaceX_Starbase
Marker to prevent double voting
standardised or institutionalised. One of the more common ink is based on silver nitrate, which can produce a stain lasting several weeks. It was first used during
Election_ink
Species of bacterium
ferment. Biochemical tests indicate this microorganism also carries out a weakly positive reaction to the nitrate reductase test. It is positive for urease
Staphylococcus_epidermidis
Explosive chemical compound
Bomb Explosive): Castable mixture consisting of 21% RDX, 21% ammonium nitrate, 40% TNT, and 18% powdered aluminium, developed during World War II, it
RDX
Species of bacterium
Proteus mirabilis is a Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped, nitrate-reducing, indole-negative bacterium. It shows swarming motility and urease
Proteus_mirabilis
Air-to-surface conventional bomb
uses ammonium nitrate and aluminum (cf. ammonal). The warhead contains 12,600 pounds (5,700 kg) of low-cost GSX slurry (ammonium nitrate, aluminum powder
BLU-82
Explosive chemical compound
bitter taste. It is one of the most acidic phenols. Like other strongly nitrated organic compounds, picric acid is an explosive, which is its primary use
Picric_acid
Military explosive
ammonium nitrate (AN) and 10% powdered aluminium Minol-2: 40% TNT, 40% ammonium nitrate and 20% powdered aluminium Minol-3: 42% TNT, 38% ammonium nitrate and
Minol_(explosive)
Vegetable
micronutrients at low content (table). Beets tend to accumulate nitrates from soil. Excessive nitrates pose a risk to health because they can be converted into
Beetroot
Species of bacterium
which allows it to consume a large variety of carbon substrates, reduce nitrates, and even fix nitrogen from the atmosphere under nitrogen-limiting and
Vibrio_natriegens
Chemical compound
nitrates concerned are themselves covalent, and many, such as anhydrous copper nitrate, are volatile at room temperature. Anhydrous titanium nitrate sublimes
Dinitrogen_tetroxide
Anti-ballistic missile system
hydroxylammonium nitrate-based monopropellant rocket engines from Aerojet. On December 3, 2007, AIM-9X missiles with installed NCADE infrared seeker was tested against
Network Centric Airborne Defense Element
Network_Centric_Airborne_Defense_Element
Explosive made using nitroglycerin
form of explosive that used ammonium nitrate as a substitute for the more costly nitroglycerin. Ammonium nitrate has only 85% of the chemical energy of
Dynamite
Former Japanese automotive supplier
fault. Toyota, Mazda and Honda have said that they will not use ammonium nitrate-based inflators. On May 4, 2016, the NHTSA announced recall campaigns of
Takata_Corporation
Fire at film storage facility in New Jersey
in Little Ferry, New Jersey, United States, on July 9, 1937. Flammable nitrate film had previously contributed to several fires in film-industry laboratories
1937_Fox_vault_fire
Chemical compound
reaction of dicyandiamide (DCD) with ammonium nitrate to afford the salt guanidinium nitrate, which is then nitrated by treatment with concentrated sulfuric
Nitroguanidine
Chemical compound
hydroxide and heated in air or with another source of oxygen, like potassium nitrate or potassium chlorate. This process gives potassium manganate: 2 MnO2 +
Potassium_permanganate
Disease caused by the bacteria Salmonella typhi
antigen. This test is carried out on a cellulose nitrate membrane where a specific S. typhi outer membrane protein is attached as fixed test lines. It separately
Typhoid_fever
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