Search references for HISTORY OF-THE-MIDDLE-EAST. Phrases containing HISTORY OF-THE-MIDDLE-EAST
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The Middle East, or the Near East, was one of the cradles of civilization: after the Neolithic Revolution and the adoption of agriculture, many of the
History_of_the_Middle_East
The genetic history of the Middle East is the subject of research within the fields of human population genomics, archaeogenetics and Middle Eastern studies
Genetic history of the Middle East
Genetic_history_of_the_Middle_East
Transcontinental geopolitical region
The Middle East is a geopolitical region that is generally defined as encompassing all of West Asia including African Egypt and European Turkey except
Middle_East
The economy of the Middle East is highly diverse, encompassing a range of economic systems and levels of development. Some countries are wealthy hydrocarbon
Economy_of_the_Middle_East
Relative size of Christian traditions in the Middle East & North Africa. Catholic (43.5%) Eastern/Oriental Orthodox (43.0%) Protestant (13.5%) Other Christian
Christianity in the Middle East
Christianity_in_the_Middle_East
Activities and objectives of the United States in the Middle East
The foreign policy of the United States in the Middle East, a geopolitical region including parts of Africa and Asia, has among its primary considerations
United States foreign policy in the Middle East
United_States_foreign_policy_in_the_Middle_East
Cyprus) without the South Caucasus, and also comprising Egypt in North Africa. The Middle East has historically been a crossroad of different cultures
Ethnic groups in the Middle East
Ethnic_groups_in_the_Middle_East
List of Middle Eastern conflicts since 1914
list of modern conflicts ensuing in the geographic and political region known as the Middle East. The "Middle East" is traditionally defined as the Fertile
List of modern conflicts in the Middle East
List_of_modern_conflicts_in_the_Middle_East
Onward 'banned by four Middle East countries' over gay reference". BBC News. 9 March 2020. "Bahrain latest to ban block-buster Thor". Al-Monitor. Agence
LGBTQ rights in the Middle East
LGBTQ_rights_in_the_Middle_East
Populations of the Middle East
The Demographics of the Middle East describes populations of the Middle East, a region covering western and northern parts of the Asian and African continents
Demographics of the Middle East
Demographics_of_the_Middle_East
Airline of Lebanon
Middle East Airlines – Air Liban S.A.L., more commonly known as Middle East Airlines (MEA), is the flag carrier of Lebanon, with its head office in Beirut
Middle_East_Airlines
today's Middle East but earlier in time, the term ancient Near East is used. This list is intended as a timeline of the history of the Middle East. For more
Timeline of Middle Eastern history
Timeline_of_Middle_Eastern_history
US public policy think tank and cultural center
in the Middle East among the American people. — Annual Report 1969, "Background on the Institute's history" His colleagues on the original Board of Governors
Middle_East_Institute
Home of many cradles of civilization
in the west and Iran in the east. It therefore largely corresponds with the modern-day geopolitical concept of the Middle East. The history of the ancient
Ancient_Near_East
US-based foreign policy think tank
director of the forum. MEF became an independent non-profit organization in 1994. It publishes a journal, the Middle East Quarterly. The Middle East Forum
Middle_East_Forum
UK–based news organisation
Middle East Eye (MEE) is a United Kingdom-based media website and channel that primarily focuses on news related to the Middle East, North Africa, and
Middle_East_Eye
rulers of Elam List of Neo-Hittite kings List of kings of Ebla List of kings of Mari History of the Middle East Manning, Sturt W.; Lorentzen, Brita; Welton
Chronology of the ancient Near East
Chronology_of_the_ancient_Near_East
Egyptian academic (1916–2000)
of the Middle East at Columbia University and Princeton University in the United States. Roger Owen, the A. J. Meyer Professor of Middle East History
Charles_Issawi
Study of women's role in history
history." Journal of Women's History 15.1 (2003): 52–69. Judith E. Tucker, "Problems in the historiography of women in the Middle East: the case of nineteenth-century
Women's_history
Religious wars of the High Middle Ages
Abbasids in the Middle East. To Muslim observers, such as Ibn Khordadbeh, the remote and less developed Western Europe was merely a source of slaves and
Crusades
Inter-governmental body mediating the Israeli–Palestinian peace process
The Quartet on the Middle East or Middle East Quartet, sometimes called the Diplomatic Quartet or Madrid Quartet or simply the Quartet, is a group of
Quartet_on_the_Middle_East
The demographics of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region show a highly populated, culturally diverse region spanning three continents. As of
Demographics of the Middle East and North Africa
Demographics_of_the_Middle_East_and_North_Africa
Index of history with the same name
The history of newspaper publishing in the Middle East encompasses the history of newspaper publishing in the Arab world the history of newspaper publishing
History of newspaper publishing in the Middle East
History_of_newspaper_publishing_in_the_Middle_East
Professor of history at the University of Massachusetts
of history at the University of Massachusetts and an authority on the history and politics of the Middle East. Born in England, he graduated from the
George_Eden_Kirk
LGBTQ history dates back to the first recorded instances of same-sex love, diverse gender identities, and sexualities in ancient civilizations, involving
LGBTQ_history
The Middle East has been a region of geopolitical and economic significance to the world far before American involvement in the area. This was largely
History of United States–Middle East economic relations
History_of_United_States–Middle_East_economic_relations
Geographical region for global institutional and marketing planning
EMEA (Europe, the Middle East and Africa) is a geographic designation used by institutions, governments, global marketing, media, and business sectors—especially
Europe, the Middle East and Africa
Europe,_the_Middle_East_and_Africa
American academic
Wisconsin-Madison in 1999. An expert on history of the Middle East, he has written a number of books on Afghanistan, the war on terror and General Rashid Dostum
Brian_Glyn_Williams
Overview of the European empire's history in the region
British foreign policy in the Middle East has involved multiple considerations, particularly over the last two and a half centuries. These included maintaining
British foreign policy in the Middle East
British_foreign_policy_in_the_Middle_East
Venue and restaurants in Massachusetts, US
The Middle East is an entertainment complex consisting of five adjacent dining and live music venues in the Central Square neighborhood of Cambridge, Massachusetts
The_Middle_East_(nightclub)
Humans rights situation since World War II
Human rights in the Middle East have been shaped by the legal and political development of international human rights law after the Second World War,
Human rights in the Middle East
Human_rights_in_the_Middle_East
Geographical term that roughly encompasses West Asia
circles. The term Near East was used to refer to the part of the Orient nearest to Europe, as opposed to the Middle East (then comprising the lands between
Near_East
American historian of the Middle East (born 1951)
extensively on the history of the modern Middle East, with particular emphasis on nationalism and the social and cultural history of the modern Middle East. Gelvin
James_L._Gelvin
European history from the 5th to 15th centuries
In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the 5th to late 15th centuries, comparable with the post-classical
Middle_Ages
British Army command defending the Middle East
Middle East Command, later Middle East Land Forces, was a British Army Command established prior to the Second World War in Egypt. Its primary role was
Middle_East_Command
Turkish Empire (c. 1299–1922)
a significant portion of the Mediterranean Basin, the Ottoman Empire was at the centre of interactions between the Middle East and Europe for six centuries
Ottoman_Empire
The history of the Netherlands extends back before the founding of the modern Kingdom of the Netherlands in 1815 after the defeat of Napoleon. For thousands
History_of_the_Netherlands
British medieval historian (born 1966)
(born 1966) is a historian, specializing in the medieval history of the Middle East. He was a student of historian Patricia Crone and was a Leverhulme
Robert_G._Hoyland
films. Each Middle Eastern country has a different and distinctive culture of cinema which differs in both history and infrastructure. The historical component
Cinema_of_the_Middle_East
Australian indie folk band
The Middle East were an Australian indie folk band that formed in Townsville, Queensland in 2005. The group garnered attention initially by playing small
The_Middle_East_(band)
several major biocultural areas: North Africa, the Sahara/Sahel, the Middle East, the Mediterranean and sub-Saharan Africa. Egyptologist Barry Kemp has
Genetic_history_of_Egypt
Book by David Fromkin
End All Peace: The Fall of the Ottoman Empire and the Creation of the Modern Middle East (also subtitled Creating the Modern Middle East, 1914–1922) is
A_Peace_to_End_All_Peace
symbols. The earliest cities in history were in the ancient Near East, an area covering roughly that of the modern Middle East: its history began in the 4th
List of cities of the ancient Near East
List_of_cities_of_the_ancient_Near_East
Middle Eastern religions are those religions asserted to have originated in or arisen to prevalence within the geography of the Middle East, and are typically
Middle_Eastern_religions
Lack of religion in the Middle East
Irreligion in the Middle East is the lack of religion in the Middle East. Though atheists in the Middle East are rarely public about their lack of belief, as
Irreligion_in_the_Middle_East
Culinary tradition
Middle Eastern cuisine includes a number of cuisines from the Middle East. Common ingredients include olives and olive oil, pitas, honey, sesame seeds
Middle_Eastern_cuisine
Traditional dancing styles of Middle Eastern ethnic groups
the Middle East (namely North Africa, which is part of the Arab world) per se. The Middle East is generally understood as a region that comprises the
Middle_Eastern_dance
Saudi Arabian media conglomerate
is a Saudi media conglomerate and the leading media group in the Middle East and North Africa, widely described as the region’s largest broadcaster. It
MBC_Group
Academic journal
The Middle East Journal is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the Middle East Institute (Washington, D.C.). It was established in
The_Middle_East_Journal
American historian
the best book in two years in economics, economic history, or the political economy of the Middle East and North Africa. Water on Sand, published by Oxford
Alan_Mikhail
are known in Greek history as the Greek Armed Forces in the Middle East (Ελληνικές Ένοπλες Δυνάμεις Μέσης Ανατολής). In the face of the overwhelming German
Greek Armed Forces in the Middle East
Greek_Armed_Forces_in_the_Middle_East
postulated waves of migration during the Middle Bronze Age in the Ancient Near East. In The End of the Early Bronze Age in Anatolia and the Aegean (1958)
Middle Bronze Age migrations (ancient Near East)
Middle_Bronze_Age_migrations_(ancient_Near_East)
Major theatre of operations during the Second World War
The Mediterranean and Middle East theatre, also known as the Mediterranean Theater of War, and described as Mediterranean, South-East Europe, and North
Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II
Mediterranean_and_Middle_East_theatre_of_World_War_II
Italian historian (born 1980)
1980) is Professor of Global History and History of the Middle East and North Africa at the University of Turin, director of the Istituto Affari Internazionali's
Lorenzo_Kamel
American historian (1923–2020)
educator and historian of Middle Eastern studies. He taught courses on the history of the Middle East and its relationship with the West at Franklin & Marshall
John_Joseph_(historian)
2010s protests and revolutions in the Arab world
history portal Society portal Middle East portal Arab Cold War Activism Arab nationalism Arab Renaissance Arab Revolt Arab Summer Arab Winter Arts of
Arab_Spring
Israeli historian (born 1960)
the Department of History Studies at the Academic College in Beit Berl. He specializes in the contemporary history of the Middle East and Israel, the
Johnny_Mansour
with the delicate but long history of Christianity in the Middle East. This has yielded a diversity of political theology disproportionate to the small
Christian political theology in the Middle East
Christian_political_theology_in_the_Middle_East
Region in the Eastern Mediterranean
The Levant is a subregion of West Asia along the Eastern Mediterranean that forms part of the Middle East. The term is often used in conjunction with historical
Levant
American historian (born 1948)
the Donald J. McLachlan Professor of History and Professor of Middle East history at Stanford University. From 2006 to 2008 he served as director of Middle
Joel_Beinin
Anatolia History of Europe History of the Middle East History of North Africa History of the Levant History of Western civilization Life zones of the Mediterranean
History of the Mediterranean region
History_of_the_Mediterranean_region
Peninsula in West Asia
Concise History of the Middle East (8th ed.), p.48 ISBN 978-0-8133-4275-7 Encyclopædia Britannica Online: History of Arabia Archived 3 May 2015 at the Wayback
Arabian_Peninsula
The history of science covers the development of science from ancient times to the present. It encompasses all three major branches of science: natural
History_of_science
Latin Catholicism in the Middle East
The Latin Church of the Catholic Church has several dispersed populations of members in the Middle East, notably in Turkey, Cyprus and the Levant (Syria
Latin Church in the Middle East
Latin_Church_in_the_Middle_East
Academic journal
Middle East Policy is an academic peer-reviewed journal on the Middle East region in the field of foreign policy founded in 1982, published quarterly
Middle_East_Policy
Television channel
MTV Middle East, formerly MTV Arabia, was a free-to-air music television channel, and the Middle Eastern incarnation of MTV. As an addition to the MTV
MTV_(Middle_East)
C. J.; Hammond, N. G. L. (eds.). The Cambridge Ancient History: Volume I Part 2: Early History of the Middle East (3rd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University
History_of_the_Assyrians
UK-based ornithological and birdwatching club
The Ornithological Society of the Middle East (OSME) is a British-based ornithological and birdwatching club for people interested in the birds of the
Ornithological Society of the Middle East
Ornithological_Society_of_the_Middle_East
American academic (1940–2019)
2019) was a history professor retired from teaching at Brigham Young University, where he specialized in the modern history of the Middle East[broken anchor]
Arnold_H._Green
Academic journal
Middle East Critique is a peer-reviewed Middle Eastern studies journal published by Taylor & Francis. The journal ranks 26/182 in Area Studies, thus firmly
Middle_East_Critique
People of Bangladeshi birth or origin who reside in the Middle East
Bangladeshis in the Middle East (Bengali: মধ্যপ্রাচ্যে বাংলাদেশি, romanized: Madhyaprācyē Bānlādēśi; Arabic: البنغلاديشيون في الشرق الأوسط, romanized: al-Banġlādīšīyūna
Bangladeshis in the Middle East
Bangladeshis_in_the_Middle_East
Archaeological sub-discipline
Genetic history of the Middle East Near Eastern Archaeology Near Eastern bioarchaeology ICAANE (International Congress on the Archaeology of the Ancient
Near_Eastern_archaeology
Concise History of the Middle East (8th ed.), p. 48 ISBN 978-0813342757 Encyclopædia Britannica Online: History of Arabia Archived 3 May 2015 at the Wayback
History_of_Saudi_Arabia
Charity
sympathetic to the cause of the Palestinians and has been attacked as such by pro-Israeli NGO Monitor. Embrace the Middle East website: history "UoB Calmview5:
Embrace_the_Middle_East
Jerusalem History of the Jews and Judaism in the Land of Israel History of the Middle East History of Palestine History of Zionism Jewish history Jewish
History_of_Israel
Treaty of Independence (1936) History of the Levant History of Asia History of Damascus History of the Middle East List of presidents of Syria List of prime
History_of_Syria
Buddhism has been present in the Middle East and influenced some Middle Eastern religions such as Manichaeism. Buddhism, per some estimates by early medieval
Buddhism_in_the_Middle_East
Former command of the Royal Air Force
Middle East Command was a command of the Royal Air Force (RAF) that was active during the Second World War. It had been preceded by RAF Middle East, which
RAF_Middle_East_Command
British–Israeli Middle East expert
to the Israeli government with expertise on Middle East and the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. He was formerly an Israeli negotiator as part of the Taba
Daniel Levy (political analyst)
Daniel_Levy_(political_analyst)
British journalist (1928 - 1996)
Kuwait: Vanguard of the Gulf and The Arabs, and A History of the Middle East. A fourth edition of his History of the Middle East, edited by Nicolas
Peter_Mansfield_(historian)
Region of the Middle East
The Fertile Crescent (Arabic: الهلال الخصيب al-hilāl al-ḵaṣīb) is a crescent-shaped region in the Middle East, spanning modern-day Iraq, Israel, Jordan
Fertile_Crescent
Cradle of civilization in North Africa
(eds.). The Cambridge Ancient History: Volume II part I: History of the Middle East and the Aegean Region c. 1800–1380 (3rd ed.). Cambridge University
Ancient_Egypt
Regional social stigmas around sexuality
The Middle East, which is commonly known as a region that includes most countries of Southwestern Asia, the Persian Gulf, the Arabian Peninsula, and several
Sexual taboo in the Middle East
Sexual_taboo_in_the_Middle_East
of mobile network operators of the Middle East and Africa In Q2 of 2025, the penetration rate was estimated at 115.77% over a population estimate of 47
List of mobile network operators in the Middle East and Africa
List_of_mobile_network_operators_in_the_Middle_East_and_Africa
Lebanese-British historian (1915–1993)
historian, specialising in the history of the Middle East and Middle Eastern studies. Hourani was born in Manchester, England, the son of Soumaya Rassi and Fadlo
Albert_Hourani
in the Middle East: an Historical Enquiry is a 1990 book written by the British historian Bernard Lewis. The book details the Islamic history of slavery
Race and Slavery in the Middle East
Race_and_Slavery_in_the_Middle_East
Press monitoring organisation
The Middle East Monitor (MEMO) is a not-for-profit press monitoring organisation and lobbying group that emerged in mid-2009. MEMO is largely focused
Middle_East_Monitor
Program bringing together Palestinian and Israeli young leaders
Middle East Entrepreneurs of Tomorrow (MEET), formerly known as Middle East Education Through Technology, is a program bringing together Palestinian and
Middle East Entrepreneurs of Tomorrow
Middle_East_Entrepreneurs_of_Tomorrow
Pro-Arabist organization in the US
The American Friends of the Middle East (AFME) was an American international educational organization, formed in 1951. It was founded by columnist Dorothy
American Friends of the Middle East
American_Friends_of_the_Middle_East
Anglican church organization
Christianity portal The Episcopal Church of Jerusalem and the Middle East is a province of the Anglican Communion. The primate of the church is called President
Episcopal Church in Jerusalem and the Middle East
Episcopal_Church_in_Jerusalem_and_the_Middle_East
Higher education institution in Oman
Middle East College (MEC) is a private college[citation needed] based in Muscat, Oman. It is one of the leading higher education institution in the Sultanate
Middle_East_College
British historian (1926–1992)
"Chatham House version" of history, which viewed the story of the modern Middle East as one of continuous victimisation at the hands of the West, and instead
Elie_Kedourie
This article covers the history of Poland in the Middle Ages. This time covers roughly a millennium, from the 5th century to the 16th century. It is commonly
History of Poland in the Middle Ages
History_of_Poland_in_the_Middle_Ages
This article summarizes the genetic makeup and population history of East Asian peoples and their connection to genetically related populations such as
Genetic history of East Asians
Genetic_history_of_East_Asians
of the Middle East refer to the film production companies within the geographical region commonly known as the Middle East. Cinema in the Middle East
Cinematography studios of the Middle East
Cinematography_studios_of_the_Middle_East
relations with all of the countries of the Middle East. Historically it has been involved in numerous wars there, especially with Turkey and the Ottoman Empire
Russian foreign policy in the Middle East
Russian_foreign_policy_in_the_Middle_East
Iranian academic (born 1950)
of Social History of the Middle East and Central Asia at Leiden University. He has been the Senior Research Fellow at the International Institute of Social
Touraj_Atabaki
American professor
Davidson is a retired professor of Middle East History at West Chester University in West Chester, Pennsylvania. He is the author of Islamic Fundamentalism, Cultural
Lawrence_Davidson
Christianity in the Middle Ages covers the history of Christianity from the fall of the Western Roman Empire (c. 476). The end of the period is variously
Christianity in the Middle Ages
Christianity_in_the_Middle_Ages
Ethnic group in West Asia
In the Middle East, Armenians are mostly concentrated in Iran, Lebanon, Cyprus, Syria, Jordan, Saudi Arabia and Jerusalem, although well-established communities
Armenians_in_the_Middle_East
HISTORY OF-THE-MIDDLE-EAST
HISTORY OF-THE-MIDDLE-EAST
Female
Yiddish
(מִירל) Yiddish form of Hebrew Miryam, MIRELE means "obstinacy, rebelliousness" or "their rebellion."Â
Female
English
Pet form of French Madeline, MADDIE means "of Magdala."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from a pet form of the medieval personal name Hudde (see Hutt 1).
Girl/Female
Greek American
Goddess; godly. Also as abbreviation of names like Althea and Dorothea. The mythological Thea was...
Female
German
Pet form of German Kätharina, KÄTHE means "pure."
Male
English
English surname transferred to forename use, derived from the Middle English word tye, TYE means "pasture."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : unexplained. Compare Aduddell.Perhaps an Americanized spelling of German Dittel, from a pet form of a personal name formed with Diet (Germanic theud ‘people’, ‘race’), for example Dietrich.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Riddle.
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Madge, MIDGE means "pearl."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : nickname from a diminutive of Rudd ‘red’.English : habitational name from a place called Ruddle, near Newnham in Gloucestershire.
Male
English
Middle English name of uncertain origin, but commonly associated with Latin Milo, MILE means "soldier."Â Compare with another form of Mile.
Surname or Lastname
English (Yorkshire)
English (Yorkshire) : variant of Tye.
Surname or Lastname
English (mainly East Anglia)
English (mainly East Anglia) : topographic name for someone who lived by a common pasture, Middle English tye (Old English tēag).North German : from a short form, Tide, of the personal name Dietrich.
Surname or Lastname
French
French : from the Germanic personal name Milo (see Miles 1).English : variant spelling of Mill.Dutch : variant of Miele.
Surname or Lastname
English (northern)
English (northern) : variant of Siddall.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Beadle.Americanized spelling of German Bittel or its variant Büttel.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a fiddle player or a nickname for a skilled or enthusiastic amateur, from Old English fiðelere ‘fiddler’.German : variant of Fiedler.
Male
Hebrew
(גִּדֵּל) Hebrew name GIDDEL means "too great; giant." In the bible, this is the name of the head of a family of temple slaves, and the head of the descendants of Solomon's servants.
Boy/Male
British, English
From the Red Meadow
Boy/Male
British, English
From the Wide Valley
HISTORY OF-THE-MIDDLE-EAST
HISTORY OF-THE-MIDDLE-EAST
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian
Beautiful
Boy/Male
Tamil
Pious
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
One Blessed by Guru
Female
English
Short form of Latin Cleopatra, CLEO means "glory of the father."
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian
Diamond
Boy/Male
Hindu
Sacrifice
Girl/Female
Tamil
Girl/Female
Native American Spanish
Grove of cottonwood.
Girl/Female
Finnish, Indian
To Pour Water to God; Wisp
Girl/Female
Tamil
Lokavya | லோகாவà¯à®¯à®¾
One who deserves heaven
HISTORY OF-THE-MIDDLE-EAST
HISTORY OF-THE-MIDDLE-EAST
HISTORY OF-THE-MIDDLE-EAST
HISTORY OF-THE-MIDDLE-EAST
HISTORY OF-THE-MIDDLE-EAST
n.
A learning or knowing by inquiry; the knowledge of facts and events, so obtained; hence, a formal statement of such information; a narrative; a description; a written record; as, the history of a patient's case; the history of a legislative bill.
imp. & p. p.
of Piddle
imp. & p. p.
of Riddle
prep.
Denoting relation to place or time; belonging to, or connected with; as, men of Athens; the people of the Middle Ages; in the days of Herod.
n.
One of a middle or intermediate class in some schools and seminaries.
n.
A systematic, written account of events, particularly of those affecting a nation, institution, science, or art, and usually connected with a philosophical explanation of their causes; a true story, as distinguished from a romance; -- distinguished also from annals, which relate simply the facts and events of each year, in strict chronological order; from biography, which is the record of an individual's life; and from memoir, which is history composed from personal experience, observation, and memory.
v. t.
To separate, as grain from the chaff, with a riddle; to pass through a riddle; as, riddle wheat; to riddle coal or gravel.
imp. & p. p.
of Fiddle
v. t.
To play (a tune) on a fiddle.
v. i.
To play on a fiddle.
a.
Being about the middle of the ordinary age of man; between 30 and 50 years old.
a.
The middle part of the day; noon.
imp. & p. p.
of Meddle
v. t.
To record in or as history.
a.
Resembling the normal tissues; as, histoid tumors.
imp. & p. p.
of Muddle
n.
A kind of dock (Rumex pulcher) with fiddle-shaped leaves; -- called also fiddle dock.
v. t.
To perforate so as to make like a riddle; to make many holes in; as, a house riddled with shot.
a.
Equally distant from the extreme either of a number of things or of one thing; mean; medial; as, the middle house in a row; a middle rank or station in life; flowers of middle summer; men of middle age.