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Far-right interwar Austrian paramilitary group
The Heimwehr (German: [ˈhaɪmˌveːɐ̯], lit. 'Home Guard') or Heimatschutz (German: [ˈhaɪmatˌʃʊts], lit. 'Homeland Protection') was a clerico-fascist, nationalist
Heimwehr
Nazi military unit
SS Heimwehr "Danzig" was an SS unit established in the Free City of Danzig (today Gdańsk and environs, Poland) before the Second World War. It fought with
SS_Heimwehr_Danzig
Chancellor of Austria from 1932 to 1934
right-wing agrarian party – and Heimatblock, the parliamentary wing of the Heimwehr, a paramilitary ultra-nationalist group. The coalition assumed the pressing
Engelbert_Dollfuss
Austrian armaments businessman (1900–1977)
Rüdiger Starhemberg, then commander of the Austrian nationalist militia ("Heimwehr"), which he furnished with weapons and ammunition. He was once the richest
Fritz_Mandl
1934 civil war within the First Austrian Republic
Austria was exacerbated by paramilitary units such as the Home Guard (Heimwehr) on the right and the Republican Protection League (Republikanischer Schutzbund)
Austrian_Civil_War
Austrian lawyer and politician (1874–1932)
Party, and the agrarian Landbund, engaged the Heimwehr in negotiations regarding constitutional reform. Heimwehr, government, and Social Democrats were close
Johannes_Schober
Political party in Austria
teacher organisations, it formed an opposition to both to the nationalist Heimwehr forces and the Social Democratic Republikanischer Schutzbund. The Christian
Ostmärkische_Sturmscharen
Major conservative political party
1922. From 1929 onwards, the party tried to form an alliance with the Heimwehr movement. Because of the instability of this coalition the party leadership
Christian Social Party (Austria)
Christian_Social_Party_(Austria)
Standartenführer (Colonel) of the German Waffen-SS and commander of SS Heimwehr Danzig (Danzig Home Defence). He was a son of SS-Brigadeführer Friedemann
Hans_Friedemann_Götze
Austrian state from 1919 to 1934
with both Social Democrat (Republikanischer Schutzbund) and right-wing (Heimwehr) political paramilitary forces clashing with each other. The country was
First_Austrian_Republic
1939 battle of the World War II
personnel defended the building for some 15 hours against assaults by the SS Heimwehr Danzig (SS Danzig Home Defence), local SA formations and special units
Defence of the Polish Post Office in Danzig
Defence_of_the_Polish_Post_Office_in_Danzig
Austrian paramilitary organization (1923–1936)
Schutzbund members from Schattendorf confronted members of the right-wing and Heimwehr-associated Front-line Fighters' Association (Frontkämpfervereinigung),
Republikanischer_Schutzbund
Austrian nationalist and politician
French and British forces in World War II. Starhemberg was a leader of the Heimwehr and later of the Fatherland Front. He served in the Bundesrat between 1920
Ernst_Rüdiger_Starhemberg
German soldier and political activist (1880–1970)
became known as Waldemar der Grosse to his Heimwehr units. He was appointed Chief of Staff of the Tyrolean Heimwehr on 1 May 1922. In this role, Pabst was
Waldemar_Pabst
Title given to military organizations
immigrants in Missouri, and may derive from possible historical use of the term Heimwehr ("home guard") to describe units officially known as Landwehr ("country
Home_guard
Far-right authoritarian political ideology
February 1934 uprising in Austria, was a blend of Christian Social and Heimwehr elements. A product very similar to Fascist Italy was Francoist Spain established
Fascism
Coup d'état attempt in Austria in 1934
had nearly 2,400 Austrian Nazis arrested for pelting the paramilitary Heimwehr with eggs, rocks, and vegetables. On 19 June, in response to a bombing
July_Putsch
Political party in Austria (1933–1938)
Landbund and the Heimatblock, the political organisation of the paramilitary Heimwehr forces. This coalition, however, relied on an extremely narrow majority
Fatherland_Front_(Austria)
German politician (1870–1941)
paramilitary group. This new group quickly established links with the Heimwehr in Austria and gave weapons to the units commanded by Richard Steidle and
Georg_Escherich
Austrian politician (1881–1968)
Austrian lawyer, a nationalist politician and leader of the paramilitary Heimwehr in Styria. He was the leader of a failed putsch in 1931 and, though charged
Walter_Pfrimer
Austrian nationalist and politician (1886–1938)
officer in the Austro-Hungarian Army, leader of the right-wing paramilitary Heimwehr forces and politician of the First Austrian Republic. He served as Vice-Chancellor
Emil_Fey
Austrian state from 1934 to 1938
The revolt was suppressed with support by the Bundesheer and right-wing Heimwehr troops under Ernst Rüdiger Starhemberg, and ended with the ban of the Social
Federal_State_of_Austria
Austrian SS official (1903–1946)
organization with close ties to the paramilitary formation of the Austrian Heimwehr. Black described this latter organization as "a training ground for the
Ernst_Kaltenbrunner
1938 annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany
corporatist, one-party government that combined the CS and the paramilitary Heimwehr. It controlled labor relations and the press. (See Fatherland Front).[citation
Anschluss
Politician and philosopher (1894–1972)
Reform Conservatives Team Stronach Organisations Black-Yellow Alliance Heimwehr Identitäre Bewegung Österreich Viennese Association of Academics Media
Richard von Coudenhove-Kalergi
Richard_von_Coudenhove-Kalergi
Government of Austria from May to September 1929
were the Social Democratic Party to the left and the extra-parliamentary Heimwehr movement to the right. Assembled with some difficulty after the abrupt
Streeruwitz_government
Major branch of the SS (1936–1945)
guards of the Standarten (regiments) of the SS-TV and soldiers from the SS-Heimwehr "Danzig. Members of other SS militias were transferred into the division
SS-Totenkopfverbände
Austrian politician (born 1961)
Reform Conservatives Team Stronach Organisations Black-Yellow Alliance Heimwehr Identitäre Bewegung Österreich Viennese Association of Academics Media
Karl_von_Habsburg
Political philosophy based on tradition
clerical constitution. The Fatherland Front, into which the paramilitary Heimwehr and the Christian Social Party were merged, became the only legal political
Conservatism
bribe many low-ranking Heimwehr leaders, and also attempted to bring Starhemberg into their fold, in effect merging the Heimwehr with the Nazi Freikorps
German_nationalism_in_Austria
Austrian military officer and war criminal (1908–1946)
17 and was a member of the antisemitic nationalist paramilitary group Heimwehr (Home Guard) from 1927 to 1930. He dropped his membership to join the Austrian
Amon_Göth
Armored car
1941. As part of the initial operations of the Invasion of Poland, the SS Heimwehr Danzig used three ADGZ armored cars during the attack on the Polish Post
ADGZ
Axis collaborationist military force in Belarus
romanized: Biełaruskaja krajovaja abarona, BKA; German: Weißruthenische Heimwehr) were collaborationist volunteer battalions formed by the Belarusian Central
Belarusian_Home_Defence
Austrian-German sociologist and writer
Reform Conservatives Team Stronach Organisations Black-Yellow Alliance Heimwehr Identitäre Bewegung Österreich Viennese Association of Academics Media
Helmut_Schoeck
Leader of Yugoslavia from 1943 to 1980
smuggler but pressed on across the border and was detained by the local Heimwehr, a paramilitary Home Guard. He used the Austrian accent he had developed
Josip_Broz_Tito
Rolling-block rifle
Carsten Schinke - Die leichten schwedischen Infanteriegewehre Armee und Heimwehr - Journal-Verlag Schwend GmbH - 1990 "DigitaltMuseum". Retrieved 31 May
Remington_M1867
Austrian conscientious objector and Catholic martyr (1907–1943)
spent several days in jail as a consequence of a fight with members of the Heimwehr provoked by the attention paid by members of the group to local girls.
Franz_Jägerstätter
Austrian politician and noblewoman (1875–1943)
Austrian politician of the Christian Social Party. She was the mother of Heimwehr leader and Austrian Vice-Chancellor Ernst Rüdiger von Starhemberg. She
Fanny_von_Starhemberg
Housing complex in Vienna
surrender after the Austrian army, the police, and the right-wing paramilitary Heimwehr bombarded the site regardless of the unarmed dwellers, mainly worker families
Karl-Marx-Hof
Austrian politician (1881–1940)
August 1940) was an Austrian lawyer and the leader of the paramilitary Heimwehr in Tyrol. He was a leading representative of the pro-independence tendency
Richard_Steidle
German officer
Biedermann (11 August 1890 – 8 April 1945) was the commander of the Austrian Heimwehr, a major in the Wehrmacht and a member of German resistance to Nazism.
Karl_Biedermann
Carlist-Carloctavismo claimant to the Spanish throne
Engineering School. He returned to Austria in the early 1930s and joined the Heimwehr, a conservative militia which engaged in street fights with Communists
Archduke Karl Pius of Austria, Prince of Tuscany
Archduke_Karl_Pius_of_Austria,_Prince_of_Tuscany
Chancellor of Austria (2017–2019, 2020–2021)
Reform Conservatives Team Stronach Organisations Black-Yellow Alliance Heimwehr Identitäre Bewegung Österreich Viennese Association of Academics Media
Sebastian_Kurz
Austro-Tuscan royal (1894–1971)
First Republic and the Federal State Hubert Salvator was a high-ranking Heimwehr functionary as Gauführer. He was politically persecuted under National
Archduke Hubert Salvator of Austria
Archduke_Hubert_Salvator_of_Austria
President of Austria from 1928 to 1938
session by the massive presence of police forces as well as of paramilitary Heimwehr troops led by Emil Fey. This self-coup enabled Dollfuss to rule by "emergency
Wilhelm_Miklas
Rifle cartridge
the original (PDF) on Aug 15, 2021. Carsten Schinke. Die leichten schwedischen Infanteriegewehre Armee und Heimwehr. Journal-Verlag Schwend GmbH. 1990.
8×58mmR_Danish_Krag
Austrian businessman and politician
Heimwehr movement had become a threat to democracy. The ranks of those worried included parts of the Christian Social Party with which the Heimwehr movement
Ernst_Streeruwitz
Predecessor of the Waffen-SS
concentration camp guards of the Standarten (regiments) of the SS-TV and the SS Heimwehr Danzig in October 1939. It was then folded into the Waffen-SS in August
SS-Verfügungstruppe
Chancellor of Austria from 1934 to 1938
then the youngest parliamentary deputy. Suspicious of the paramilitary Heimwehr organisation, he established the Catholic Ostmärkische Sturmscharen forces
Kurt_Schuschnigg
Austrian academic, jurist and politician (1876–1946)
a period. In his role in Styria he was active in supporting the local Heimwehr leader Walter Pfrimer. He also maintained close links with another right-wing
Anton_Rintelen
Former political party in Austria
Reform Conservatives Team Stronach Organisations Black-Yellow Alliance Heimwehr Identitäre Bewegung Österreich Viennese Association of Academics Media
Team_Stronach
Force of non-professional soldiers
paramilitary militias associating with certain political parties. The Heimwehr (German: Home Defense) became affiliated with the Christian Social Party
Militia
List of German Schutzstaffel members
November 1897. Son of SS Brigadeführer Friedemann Götze. Commander of SS Heimwehr Danzig KIA 3 May 1940 Herbert Richard Golz SS commander of security in
List_of_SS_personnel
Austrian politician (born 1969)
Reform Conservatives Team Stronach Organisations Black-Yellow Alliance Heimwehr Identitäre Bewegung Österreich Viennese Association of Academics Media
Heinz-Christian_Strache
Austrian politician (born 1968)
Reform Conservatives Team Stronach Organisations Black-Yellow Alliance Heimwehr Identitäre Bewegung Österreich Viennese Association of Academics Media
Herbert_Kickl
Chancellor of Austria from 1931 to 1932
commercial crisis continued and domestic policies deteriorated after a failed Heimwehr putsch led by Walter Pfrimer, Buresch lost his German nationalist allies
Karl_Buresch
Austrian philosopher, sociologist and economist (1878–1950)
Herrschaftssystem. Österreich 1933–1938. Wien 2013, page 9 f. C. Earl Edmondson: The Heimwehr and Austrian Politics 1918–1936. University of Georgia Press, Athens/Georgia
Othmar_Spann
SS unit formed in the Free City of Danzig in 1939
Consequently, in July 1939, a heavily armed, approximately 1,500-strong unit, SS Heimwehr Danzig, was formed, partially composed of SS members illegally transferred
SS_Wachsturmbann_"Eimann"
Former Austrian Chancellor (1876–1932)
authoritarian government and worked closely with fascist groups like the Heimwehr (Home Guard), an organisation similar to the German Freikorps. He died
Ignaz_Seipel
Rimfire rifle cartridge
Carsten (1990). Die leichten schwedischen Infanteriegewehre Armee und Heimwehr. Journal-Verlag Schwendt GmbH. Page 17 and 18. Hanevik, Karl Egil (1998)
12.17×42mm_RF
Reactionary German paramilitants
German invasion of Poland Asgaard PMC Freikorps Awards Battle of Annaberg Heimwehr List of defunct Paramilitary Organizations List of Freikorps members List
Freikorps
Paramilitary organization
O'Duffy in Ireland the Gold Shirts in Mexico the Greenshirts in Brazil the Heimwehr in Austria, in the 1920s and 1930s the Legionary Greenshirts of the Iron
Fascist_paramilitary
Lower house of the Austrian Parliament
National Movement GDVP Landbund National Economy Bloc (GDVP+Landbund) Heimwehr Others Total seats 1919 72 69 26 3 170 1920 69 85 21 7 1 183 1923 68
National_Council_(Austria)
Austrian traditionalist Catholic activist (born 1993)
Reform Conservatives Team Stronach Organisations Black-Yellow Alliance Heimwehr Identitäre Bewegung Österreich Viennese Association of Academics Media
Alexander_Tschugguel
Bolt-action rifle
Carsten (1990). Die leichten schwedischen Infanteriegewehre Armee und Heimwehr [The Swedish Army and Home Guard Light Infantry Rifles]. Journal Verlag
Swedish_Mauser
Comune in Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, Italy
Steidle (1881–1940 in Buchenwald), lawyer, leader of the paramilitary Heimwehr in Tyrol Erna Ellmenreich (1885–1976), operatic soprano, a member of the
Merano
Constitutional court of Austria
presidential system. Another thing the Heimwehr wanted was real, effective federalism. By early 1929, the Heimwehr had grown strong enough to force its
Constitutional Court (Austria)
Constitutional_Court_(Austria)
Month of 1936
footballer, in Dudley, Worcestershire, England (d. 1958) In Austria, the Heimwehr expelled Emil Fey from its ranks and forbade other members of the organization
October_1936
Political party in Austria
People's Party lost numerous members to the Nazis and the paramilitary Heimwehr forces. On 15 May 1933, the party's radicalised remnants formed an action
Greater_German_People's_Party
Political party in Austria
union of Austria with Germany and opposed Marxism, Austrofascism and the Heimwehr. In the 1920 parliamentary elections it was part of a German National coalition
Landbund
German Nazi politician (1898–1944)
Under Habicht, the Nazis experienced growth, mostly at the expense of the Heimwehr, many of whose members switched over to Nazism. Initially, Austrian Chancellor
Theodor_Habicht
Post office in Danzig, Poland, 1920–1939
militiamen defended the building for some 15 hours against assaults by the SS Heimwehr Danzig (SS of the city Danzig), local SA formations, German Ordnungspolizei
Polish_Post_Office_(Danzig)
Aerial warfare branch of Austria's military
to operate military aircraft.[citation needed] In 1927 the paramilitary Heimwehr organisation set up an air corps using Austrian, British and Italian aircraft
Austrian Air Force (1927–1938)
Austrian_Air_Force_(1927–1938)
German SS officer (1892–1943)
Standarten (regiments) of the SS-Totenkopfverbände, and soldiers from the SS Heimwehr Danzig. At the time, Eicke had no experience in leading troops into combat;
Theodor_Eicke
Political party in Austria
the crushing of the February 1934 uprising by the federal army and the Heimwehr, the KPÖ grew rapidly from 4,000 to 16,000 members. "The view that the
Communist_Party_of_Austria
Aspect of Austrian political history
formed its Red Brigades and the conservative CS followed suit, founding its Heimwehr (Homeland Protection Force). The existence of armed political militias
History of the Social Democratic Party of Austria
History_of_the_Social_Democratic_Party_of_Austria
Austrian social democratic politician and founder of the anti-fascist Austrian Schutzbund
founded the Schutzbund in 1923 as an answer to the paramilitary organization Heimwehr ("Home Guard"), which was ideologically related to the Christian Social
Julius_Deutsch
Chancellor of Austria from 2000 to 2007
Reform Conservatives Team Stronach Organisations Black-Yellow Alliance Heimwehr Identitäre Bewegung Österreich Viennese Association of Academics Media
Wolfgang_Schüssel
List of coups and coup attempts
Whitlam and replaced him with Fraser. 1931: Attempted coup by members of the Heimwehr paramilitary group, led by Walter Pfrimer. March 15, 1933: Self-coup by
List of coups and coup attempts by country
List_of_coups_and_coup_attempts_by_country
Austrian politician (born 1961)
Reform Conservatives Team Stronach Organisations Black-Yellow Alliance Heimwehr Identitäre Bewegung Österreich Viennese Association of Academics Media
Ewald_Stadler
First battle in the Invasion of Poland and beginning of the Second World War
marines under Lieutenant Wilhelm Henningsen. On land the Germans had the SS Heimwehr Danzig force of 1,500 men under Police General Friedrich-Georg Eberhardt
Battle_of_Westerplatte
Conservative political party in Austria
Reform Conservatives Team Stronach Organisations Black-Yellow Alliance Heimwehr Identitäre Bewegung Österreich Viennese Association of Academics Media
Austrian_People's_Party
Statutory city in Upper Austria, Austria
Social Democratic Schutzbund paramilitary forces and Christian Social Heimwehr militias in the Austrian Civil War, which brought about the fascist corporate
Steyr
Far-right political party in Austria
Reform Conservatives Team Stronach Organisations Black-Yellow Alliance Heimwehr Identitäre Bewegung Österreich Viennese Association of Academics Media
Freedom_Party_of_Austria
German armored division
Standarten (regiments) of the SS-Totenkopfverbände and men from the SS Heimwehr Danzig.[citation needed] Members of other SS militias were also transferred
3rd SS Panzer Division Totenkopf
3rd_SS_Panzer_Division_Totenkopf
Austrian politician (1818–1890)
Reform Conservatives Team Stronach Organisations Black-Yellow Alliance Heimwehr Identitäre Bewegung Österreich Viennese Association of Academics Media
Karl_Freiherr_von_Vogelsang
Austrian documentary producer and genocide denialist
Reform Conservatives Team Stronach Organisations Black-Yellow Alliance Heimwehr Identitäre Bewegung Österreich Viennese Association of Academics Media
Erich_Feigl
Medium trench mortar
out to some 2,361 in 1918. Two pieces of 17 cm mMW was also used by SS Heimwehr Danzig troops during the invasion of Poland. The Central Museum of The
17_cm_mittlerer_Minenwerfer
German expression and cultural movement
period in Austria, the Heimatschutz concept was adopted by paramilitary Heimwehr forces, first in the Austro-Slovene conflict in Carinthia at the end of
Heimatschutz
personnel defended the building for some 15 hours against assaults by the SS Heimwehr Danzig (SS Danzig Home Defense), local SA formations and special units
List_of_last_stands
Austrian noble family
Starhemberg (1899–1956), Austrian politician, Vice-Chancellor of Austria and Heimwehr Nora Gregor, second wife of Ernst Rüdiger, actress and writer using the
Starhemberg
Front organization under control of a communist party
the Soviet Union, while some SPÖ parliamentarians the DU referred to as "Heimwehr fascists". At the 1953 Austrian legislative election, the DU entered into
Communist_front
Riots in Vienna, First Austrian Republic
Outcome 89 registered deaths, more than 600 seriously injured General strike without success Rise of right-wing Heimwehr forces and the extreme right
July_Revolt_of_1927
Austrian regional German nationalist advocacy group
December 5 the Carinthian state assembly decided to array paramilitary Heimwehr troops, whose armed resistance led to several clashes of arms (Abwehrkampf)
Kärntner_Heimatdienst
Territory of Nazi Germany (1938–1945)
established like the Kärntner Abwehrkampf. In 1920, in Tirol the first Heimwehr was put in duty under the command of Richard Steidle with the help of the
Austria_within_Nazi_Germany
of defunct paramilitary organizations. The New Guard of Australia The Heimwehr of the Fatherland Front in Austria The Ostmärkische Sturmscharen of the
List of defunct paramilitary organizations
List_of_defunct_paramilitary_organizations
right-wing and left-wing paramilitary forces were created during the 20s. The Heimwehr (Home Resistance) first appeared on 12 May 1920 and became progressively
History_of_Austria
1941 film
the Nazi movement in the Tyrol region face suppression from the Austrian Heimwehr. Martin Stammer and others flee across the border into Nazi Germany for
Lightning_Around_Barbara
Austrian politician
Dr. Ludwig Draxler (1896–1972) was an Austrian attorney and politician. Draxler was a decorated veteran of World War I and served as Austrian Finance Minister
Ludwig_Draxler
German military officer and Nazi politician (1876–1941)
as an estate manager in Carinthia and, from 1926, he was active in the Heimwehr, an Austrian paramilitary group. In 1929, Kriebel arrived in China as part
Hermann_Kriebel
HEIMWEHR
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