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Chemical compound
Hafnium carbide (HfC) is a chemical compound of hafnium and carbon. Previously the material was estimated to have a melting point of about 3,900 °C. More
Hafnium_carbide
Chemical compound
hafnium carbide is a refractory chemical compound with a general formula TaxHfyCx+y, which can be considered as a solid solution of tantalum carbide and
Tantalum_hafnium_carbide
Chemical compound
actually has a melting point of 3,768 °C and both tantalum hafnium carbide and hafnium carbide have higher melting points. TaCx powders of desired composition
Tantalum_carbide
Chemical compound
zirconium carbide and tantalum carbide is an important cermet material.[citation needed] Hafnium-free zirconium carbide and niobium carbide can be used
Zirconium_carbide
Chemical element with atomic number 72 (Hf)
Hafnium is a chemical element; it has symbol Hf and atomic number 72. A lustrous, silvery gray, tetravalent transition metal, hafnium chemically resembles
Hafnium
Device used to regulate the power of a nuclear reactor
boron carbide, zirconium diboride, titanium diboride, hafnium diboride, gadolinium nitrate, gadolinium titanate, dysprosium titanate, and boron carbide–europium
Control_rod
Inorganic compound group
a carbide usually describes a compound composed of carbon and a metal. In metallurgy, carbiding or carburizing is the process for producing carbide coatings
Carbide
Type of refractory ceramics
Bargeron, C. B.; et al. (1993). "Oxidation Mechanisms of Hafnium Carbide and Hafnium Diboride in the Temperature Range 1400 to 21C". Johns Hopkins
Ultra-high temperature ceramic
Ultra-high_temperature_ceramic
Chemical compound
monochloride: HfO2 + 2 Cl2 + C → HfCl4 + CO2 Chlorination of hafnium carbide above 250 °C. Hafnium and zirconium occur together in minerals such as zircon
Hafnium_tetrachloride
Any chemical compound having at least one atom of hafnium
Hafnium compounds are compounds containing the element hafnium (Hf). Due to the lanthanide contraction, the ionic radius of hafnium(IV) (0.78 ångström)
Hafnium_compounds
Chemical compound
Titanium carbide, TiC, is an extremely hard (Mohs 9–9.5) refractory ceramic material, similar to tungsten carbide. It has the appearance of black powder
Titanium_carbide
Materials resistant to decomposition under high temperatures
and burn. Binary compounds such as tungsten carbide or boron nitride can be very refractory. Hafnium carbide is the most refractory binary compound known
Refractory
Chemical compound
Hafnium carbonitride (HfCN) is an ultra-high temperature ceramic (UHTC) mixed anion compound composed of hafnium (Hf), carbon (C) and nitrogen (N). Ab
Hafnium_carbonitride
Chemical compound
combined with carbon, boron, silicon, silicon carbide, and/or nickel to improve the consolidation of the hafnium diboride powder (sintering). It is commonly
Hafnium_diboride
Class of chemical compounds
The hafnium nitrides are the various salts produced from combining hafnium and nitrogen. The two most important such are hafnium(III) nitride, HfN; and
Hafnium_nitrides
Composite of copper, silver, and diamond
gold, aluminium, magnesium, and zinc. The carbide-forming metal can be selected from titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, and chromium
Dymalloy
Topics referred to by the same term
Chuen, Hong Kong, China Heng Fa Chuen station (by MTR station code) Hafnium carbide Hydrofluorocarbons High frequency content measure, of a signal Hybrid
HFC
Physical process of transition between basic states of matter
theoretical possible up to the highest crystal material, such as tantalum hafnium carbide 4215 °C.) Raman Spectroscopy SQUID (measurement of magnetic transitions)
Phase_transition
10043–35–3 HfB2 hafnium boride 12007–23–7 HfBr4 hafnium bromide 13777–22–5 HfC hafnium carbide 12069–85–1 HfCl4 hafnium chloride 13499–05–3 HfF4 hafnium(IV) fluoride
List of CAS numbers by chemical compound
List_of_CAS_numbers_by_chemical_compound
Chemical compound
relatively low density of ~6.09 g/cm3 (measured density may be higher due to hafnium impurities) and good high temperature strength makes it a candidate for
Zirconium_diboride
Chemical element with atomic number 40 (Zr)
lustrous transition metal with a greyish-white color that closely resembles hafnium and, to a lesser extent, titanium. It is solid at room temperature, ductile
Zirconium
Type of electrode
Some examples are carbides and borides of transition metals, e.g. zirconium carbide, hafnium carbide, tantalum carbide, hafnium diboride, and their
Hot_cathode
Class of two-dimensional inorganic compounds
2017). "Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Two-Dimensional Hafnium Carbide". ACS Nano. 11 (4): 3841–3850. Bibcode:2017ACSNa..11.3841Z. doi:10
MXenes
Crystallographic system where the unit cell is in the shape of a cube
Bayarjargal, Lkhamsuren (2011). "Synthesis of Binary Transition Metal Nitrides, Carbides and Borides from the Elements in the Laser-Heated Diamond Anvil Cell and
Cubic_crystal_system
Rocket-propelled by exhausted coolant of a gas-cooled nuclear reactor
tungsten (melting point 3695 K, boiling point 6203 K) or tantalum hafnium carbide (melting point 4263 K, boiling point some unknown higher temperature)
Gas_core_reactor_rocket
Chemical element with atomic number 74 (W)
180W. Theoretically, all five can decay into isotopes of element 72 (hafnium) by alpha emission, but only 180W has been observed to do so, with a half-life
Tungsten
Comparison of a wide range of temperatures
tungsten 3915 K, sublimation point of carbon 4231 K, melting point of hafnium carbide 4800 K, 10 MPa, triple point of carbon 5000 K, 12 GPa melting point
Orders of magnitude (temperature)
Orders_of_magnitude_(temperature)
Topics referred to by the same term
hydraulic fluid, used in automobile power steering Chemical formula of hafnium(IV) carbide (CHf) Chung Fu stop, a Light Rail stop in Hong Kong Church Fenton
CHF
Group of chemical elements
table. It contains only the four elements titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), and rutherfordium (Rf). The group is also called the titanium group
Group_4_element
Theoretical spacecraft propulsion system
other direct heating designs by using a retained seed (tantalum carbide or hafnium carbide) approach. The propellant flows through the porous walls of a
Solar_thermal_rocket
Atomic nuclear process
compounds such as molybdenum boride, hafnium diboride, titanium diboride, dysprosium titanate and gadolinium titanate. Hafnium absorbs neutrons avidly and it
Neutron_capture
(AuF7) Hafnium(IV) bromide – HfBr4 Hafnium(IV) carbide – HfC Hafnium(IV) chloride – HfCl4 Hafnium(IV) fluoride – HfF4 Hafnium(IV) iodide – HfI4 Hafnium(IV)
List_of_inorganic_compounds
Chemical element with atomic number 22 (Ti)
tetraiodide. This same process is used to purify other metals, such as thorium, hafnium, and zirconium, and a similar process using further refined iodide was
Titanium
Class of chemical compounds
Carbohydrides (or carbide hydrides) are solid compounds in one phase composed of a metal with carbon and hydrogen in the form of carbide and hydride ions
Carbohydride
Chemical element with atomic number 5 (B)
acid, the mineral sodium borate, and the ultra-hard crystals of boron carbide and boron nitride. Boron is synthesized entirely by cosmic ray spallation
Boron
Chemical element with atomic number 73 (Ta)
are extremely similar (a comparable challenge exists for zirconium and hafnium). A large number of procedures have been developed to address this challenge
Tantalum
Chemical compound that combines silicon and a more electropositive element
closer to borides than to carbides. Because of size differences however silicides are not isostructural with borides and carbides. Bonds in silicides range
Silicide
Dysprosium Erbium Europium Fluorspar Gadolinium Gallium Germanium Graphite Hafnium Holmium Indium Iridium Lanthanum Lithium Lutetium Magnesium Manganese Neodymium
United States critical materials list
United_States_critical_materials_list
American engineer
nitride, GaN, gallium oxide and hafnium dioxide), and how they interact with their substrates (including silicon carbide). Such materials are often used
Samuel_Graham_(engineer)
Chemical element with atomic number 18 (Ar)
Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element)
Argon
Tendency of a chemical compound to ignite in open air
aluminium, magnesium, calcium, zirconium, titanium, tungsten, bismuth, hafnium, osmium, and neodymium) Some metals and alloys in bulk form (cerium) Alkylated
Pyrophoricity
State of matter
Alexandra; Hong, Qi-Jun; van de Walle, Axel (2019-08-26). "Carbides and Nitrides of Zirconium and Hafnium". Materials. 12 (17): 2728. Bibcode:2019Mate...12.2728U
Solid
Gaseous materials produced for use in industry
Acetylene flame carbide lamp
Industrial_gas
Alloy with higher durability than normal metals
strengthening from secondary phase precipitates such as gamma prime and carbides. Oxidation or corrosion resistance is provided by elements such as aluminium
Superalloy
Chemical element with atomic number 41 (Nb)
percentage of niobium enhances the strength of the steel by scavenging carbide and nitride. The temperature stability of niobium-containing superalloys
Niobium
Concept relating to the corrosion of metals
Moorhead, W. J. (December 2018). "Oxidation Behavior of Tungsten Carbide-6% Cobalt Cemented Carbide". Metallography, Microstructure, and Analysis. 7 (6): 661–679
Pilling–Bedworth_ratio
Designated by governments as critical for economies
erbium, europium, fluorspar, gadolinium, gallium, germanium, graphite, hafnium, holmium, indium, iridium, lanthanum, lithium, lutetium, magnesium, manganese
Critical_raw_materials
Australian scientist pioneering research in plasma chemistry
zirconium and hafnium Oxides. Nature, 191(4794), 1192-1192. McTaggart FK, New proton-Containing Oxides of Titanium, Zirconium and Hafnium. Nature 199,
Frederick_Kenneth_McTaggart
Chemical substances containing carbon
elements are also incorporated in so-called graphite intercalation compounds. Carbides are binary compounds of carbon with an element that is less electronegative
Carbon_compounds
Elements with atomic numbers 57-70
lanthanides in association with the elements such as tantalum, niobium, hafnium, zirconium, vanadium, and titanium, from group 4 and group 5, often in
Lanthanide
British engineer and materials scientist
temperature alloys can be controlled using reactive elements such as Yttrium and Hafnium. She was awarded a Fulbright Program scholarship to spend a year at the
Helen_M._Chan
Chemical element with atomic number 7 (N)
semiconductors, are isoelectronic with graphite, diamond, and silicon carbide and have similar structures: their bonding changes from covalent to partially
Nitrogen
1021/ja01149a100. Humphrey, George L. (1953). "The Heats of Formation of Hafnium Oxide and Hafnium Nitride". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 75 (12): 2806–2807
George_L._Humphrey
Metal-joining technique
Monel, medium and high carbon steels chromium alloys, titanium, zirconium, hafnium. Noble gas+hydrogen AWS type 9A. Vacuum Requires evacuating the work chamber
Brazing
Heat- and wear-resistant metals
niobium, molybdenum, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, rhodium, ruthenium and hafnium. The five elements niobium, molybdenum, tantalum, tungsten and rhenium
Refractory_metals
Chemical element with atomic number 6 (C)
at high temperatures to form metallic carbides, such as the iron carbide cementite in steel and tungsten carbide, widely used as an abrasive and for making
Carbon
Chemical compound
acid and sulfuric acid. When heated with carbon, it converts to zirconium carbide. When heated with carbon in the presence of chlorine, it converts to zirconium(IV)
Zirconium_dioxide
Chemical element with atomic number 92 (U)
In 1943 the Manhattan Project contracted two private companies, Union Carbide and Chevron, to quietly compile a survey of uranium deposits around the
Uranium
ytterbium Yb 0.30 45 59 praseodymium Pr 0.17 31 82 lead Pb 0.23 29 72 hafnium Hf 0.19 28 74 tungsten W 0.17 24 79 gold Au 0.16 21 48 cadmium Cd 0.08
Abundance of the chemical elements
Abundance_of_the_chemical_elements
Process of producing goods
process Van Arkel–de Boer process – for producing titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, thorium, or protactinium Chemical engineering Industrial Extraction
Industrial_processes
Includes rocks over 4 billion years old from the Hadean Eon
Geoscience Canada, v. 25, pp. 27–31 Yu A., Lee C-D and Halliday, A. N.Lutetium-Hafnium and Uranium-Lead Systematics of Early-Middle Archean Single Zircon Grains
Oldest_dated_rocks
Chemical compound
properties it shares with isostructural titanium diboride, zirconium diboride, hafnium diboride and tantalum diboride. NbB2 parts are usually hot pressed or spark
Niobium_diboride
Temperature at which a solid turns liquid
030–4,430 °C (7,290–8,010 °F; 4,300–4,700 K) (see carbon phase diagram). Hafnium carbonitride (HfCN) is a refractory compound with the highest known melting
Melting_point
is a transition metal such as titanium, vanadium, zirconium, niobium, hafnium, molybdenum, chromium, or iron. These compounds have similar properties
Metallocarbohedryne
carbide 12011-54-0 CBSi carbon monoboride monosilicide 12628-09-0 CB2 diboron carbide 12537-86-9 CB4 boron carbide 12069-32-8 CBe2 beryllium carbide 506-66-1
List of compounds with carbon number 1
List_of_compounds_with_carbon_number_1
Substance that can absorb large quantities of neutrons in a reactor core
treated as non-burnable poisons under certain conditions. One example is hafnium. It has five stable isotopes, 176 Hf through 180 Hf, which can all absorb
Neutron_poison
Catalyst for synthesis of polymers of 1-alkenes
usually based on complexes of the group 4 metals titanium, zirconium or hafnium. They are usually used in combination with a different organoaluminum cocatalyst
Ziegler–Natta_catalyst
Type of material
now known for hafnium. After the war, in 1922, Coster and Hevesy found it by X-ray spectroscopic analysis in Norwegian zircon. Hafnium was thus the last
Metal
Chemical element with atomic number 14 (Si)
glass and many other specialty glasses. Silicon compounds such as silicon carbide are used as abrasives and components of high-strength ceramics. Silicon
Silicon
Component to protect against excessive heat
ultra-high temperature ceramics such as zirconium diboride (ZrB2) and hafnium diboride (HfB2). The thermal protection system based on these materials
Heat_shield
Periodic table group
increasing atomic number. Carbon alone forms monatomic anions, in the form of carbide (C4−, also called methanide); the other carbon group elements form Zintl
Carbon_group
Chemical compounds containing technetium
octahedra. It is isomorphous to transition metal tetrachlorides of zirconium, hafnium, and platinum. Two polymorphs of technetium trichloride exist, α- and β-TcCl3
Technetium_compounds
Chemical element with atomic number 75 (Re)
in 1925 makes rhenium perhaps the last stable element to be understood. Hafnium was discovered in 1923 and all other new elements discovered since then
Rhenium
Chemical element with atomic number 94 (Pu)
allow formation of metastable δ state when rapidly cooled. High amounts of hafnium, holmium and thallium also allows some retention of the δ phase at room
Plutonium
Chemical compound
sheet (SDS) ICSC 0338 Related compounds Other cations Zirconium dioxide Hafnium dioxide Related Titanium oxides Titanium(II) oxide Titanium(III) oxide
Titanium_dioxide
Chemical element with atomic number 90 (Th)
rutherfordium, was found to behave like hafnium and show only a +4 state. Today, thorium's similarities to hafnium are still sometimes acknowledged by calling
Thorium
Oxide of silicon
silicon dioxide has been replaced by other dielectric materials like hafnium oxide or similar with higher dielectric constant compared to silicon dioxide
Silicon_dioxide
Chemical element with atomic number 20 (Ca)
compounds are not similarly useful, with one major exception, calcium carbide, CaC2. This material, which has historic significance, is prepared by heating
Calcium
Chemical element with atomic number 93 (Np)
and +6 respectively, fooled scientists into thinking they belonged below hafnium, tantalum, and tungsten, rather than below the lanthanide series, which
Neptunium
Carbon-oxygen gas
Germanium dioxide Tin dioxide Lead dioxide Titanium dioxide Zirconium dioxide Hafnium dioxide Cerium dioxide Thorium dioxide Related carbon oxides See Oxocarbon
Carbon_dioxide
Chemical element with atomic number 19 (K)
Griesheimer process employing the reaction of potassium fluoride with calcium carbide was also used to produce potassium. 2 KF + CaC2 → 2 K + CaF2 + 2 C Potassium
Potassium
Chemical element with atomic number 30 (Zn)
3As 2 and Zn 3Sb 2), the peroxide (ZnO 2), the hydride (ZnH 2), and the carbide (ZnC 2) are also known. Of the four halides, ZnF 2 has the most ionic character
Zinc
Chemical element with atomic number 12 (Mg)
lightweight materials and alloys. For example, when infused with silicon carbide nanoparticles, it has extremely high specific strength. Historically, magnesium
Magnesium
Orthopedic surgery to replace a joint
cobalt, chrome, titanium, vanadium, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, hafnium, silicon, cobalt-chrome, tungsten, zirconium, etc. This means that people
Joint_replacement
Zircaloy family
zirconium typically contains 1–5% of hafnium, whose neutron absorption cross-section is 600 times that of zirconium. Hafnium must therefore be almost entirely
Zirconium_alloys
Chemical element with atomic number 43 (Tc)
octahedra. It is isomorphous to transition metal tetrachlorides of zirconium, hafnium, and platinum. Two polymorphs of technetium trichloride exist, α- and β-TcCl3
Technetium
Chemical element with atomic number 28 (Ni)
cemented tungsten carbide or hardmetal industry and used in proportions of 6% to 12% by weight. Nickel makes the tungsten carbide magnetic and adds
Nickel
Fullerene molecule with additional atoms, ions, or clusters enclosed within itself
potassium; and certain tetravalent metals like uranium, zirconium and hafnium, have all been demonstrated, but not the other transition metals. The other
Endohedral_fullerene
Chemical element with atomic number 24 (Cr)
have increased strength due to the formation of discrete, stable, metal, carbide particles at the grain boundaries. For example, Inconel 718 contains 18
Chromium
Chemical element with atomic number 26 (Fe)
"White" cast irons contain their carbon in the form of cementite, or iron carbide (Fe3C). This hard, brittle compound dominates the mechanical properties
Iron
Chemical element with atomic number 42 (Mo)
sixth-highest melting point of any element. It readily forms hard, stable carbides in alloys, and for this reason most of the world production of the element
Molybdenum
Chemical compound
(including tungsten and carbon) and a few compounds (including tantalum carbide) have higher melting points. All thorium compounds, including the dioxide
Thorium_dioxide
Chemical element with atomic number 27 (Co)
(cobalt poisoning) is rare but has resulted from the fabrication of tungsten carbide. Another source is from wear and tear of certain metal-on-metal hip prostheses
Cobalt
here is silicon, and B is boron). However the compounds for zirconium and hafnium are energetically unfavourable. . doi:10.1179/pom.1958.1.1-2.0 (inactive
Borosilicide
Chemical element with atomic number 4 (Be)
borides are known, such as Be5B, Be4B, Be2B, BeB2, BeB6 and BeB12. Beryllium carbide, Be2C, is a refractory brick-red compound that reacts with water to give
Beryllium
Chemical element with atomic number 21 (Sc)
spectroscopically at high temperatures in the gas phase. Scandium borides and carbides are non-stoichiometric, as is typical for neighboring elements. Lower oxidation
Scandium
Chemical element with atomic number 23 (V)
Grid energy storage – Large scale electricity supply management Vanadium carbide – Extremely hard refractory ceramic material Vanadium redox battery – Type
Vanadium
Alloys with high proportions of several metals
interstitial complex, have been produced. In particular, alloys of titanium, hafnium, and zirconium have been shown to have enhanced work hardening and ductility
High-entropy_alloy
Chemical element with atomic number 110 (Ds)
darmstadtium carbide (DsC) and darmstadtium tetrachloride (DsCl4), both of which are expected to behave like their lighter homologues platinum carbide and platinum
Darmstadtium
Chemical compound
with the formula (PF3)4FeBF by reacting iron vapour with B2F4 and PF3. Hafnium, thorium, titanium, and zirconium can form a difluoride with a BF ligand
Boron_monofluoride
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