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Group of proteins which form the intermembrane channels of gap junctions
Connexins (Cx) (TC# 1.A.24), or gap junction proteins, are structurally related transmembrane proteins that assemble to form vertebrate gap junctions
Connexin
Cell-cell junction composed of innexins or connexins
connexons, composed of connexin proteins to connect one cell to another. Gap junction proteins include the more than 26 types of connexin, as well as at least
Gap_junction
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Gap junction beta-2 protein (GJB2), also known as connexin 26 (Cx26) — is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GJB2 gene. Gap junctions were first
GJB2
Indoor sports and event venue in Kingston upon Hull, England
The Connexin Live (formerly Bonus Arena) is an indoor arena in Kingston upon Hull, East Riding of Yorkshire, England, near the Hull Marina. It opened in
Connexin_Live_Arena
Protein-coding gene in humans
(GJA1), also known as connexin 43 (Cx43), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GJA1 gene on chromosome 6. As a connexin, GJA1 is a component of
GJA1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
beta-6 protein (GJB6), also known as connexin 30 (Cx30) — is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GJB6 gene. Connexin 30 (Cx30) is one of several gap
GJB6
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
(GJA5), also known as connexin 40 (Cx40) — is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GJA5 gene. This gene is a member of the connexin gene family. The
GJA5
Protein-coding gene in humans
Gap junction beta-1 protein (GJB1), also known as connexin 32 (Cx32), is a transmembrane protein that in humans is encoded by the GJB1 gene. Gap junction
GJB1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Gap junction beta-4 protein (GJB4), also known as connexin 30.3 (Cx30.3) — is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GJB4 gene. GRCh38: Ensembl release
GJB4
Protein hexamer that forms the pore of gap junctions between cells
In biology, a connexon, also known as a connexin hemichannel, is an assembly of six proteins called connexins that form the pore for a gap junction between
Connexon
of connexin; positively charged connexin close with hyperpolarization and negatively charged connexins close with depolarization. Other than connexin charge
Gap_junction_modulation
Protein family
other small molecules and can form hemichannels with greater ease than connexin subunits. Pannexin 1 and pannexin 2 underlie channel function in neurons
Pannexin
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
(GJB3), also known as connexin 31 (Cx31) — is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GJB3 gene. This gene is a member of the connexin gene family. The
GJB3
Irish boxer (born 1992)
14 months inactivity, he returned to the competitive boxing ring at the Connexin Live Arena in Hull on 28 June 2025, defeating Alexis Nahuel Torres on points
Seán_McComb
American venue management group
Osaka-jō Hall, Osaka Toyota Arena, Tokyo United Kingdom AO Arena, Manchester Connexin Live Arena, Hull Leeds Arena, Leeds United States AT&T Stadium, Arlington
Legends_Global
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Gap junction gamma-3, also known as connexin-29 (Cx29) or gap junction epsilon-1 (GJE1), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GJC3 gene. GJC3
GJC3
Snail-shaped part of inner ear involved in hearing
cause syndromic and nonsyndromic deafness. Certain connexins, including connexin 30 and connexin 26, are prevalent in the two distinct gap-junction systems
Cochlea
Medical condition affecting scalp hair
dysplasia is a medical condition caused by mutations in a connexin gene, GJB6 or connexin-30, characterized by scalp hair that is wiry, brittle, and
Clouston's hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia
Clouston's_hidrotic_ectodermal_dysplasia
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
protein, also known as Connexin-37 or Cx37, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GJA4 gene. This protein, like other Connexin proteins, forms connections
GJA4
complex proteins. Protein kinases modulate the opening and closing of connexin pores by moderating phosphorylation. Chemical gating modulators such as
Gap_junction_modulator
Transmembrane protein in invertebrates
proteins invertebrates used for this purpose until the late 1990s. While the connexin family of gap junction proteins was well-characterized in vertebrates,
Innexin
Acute inflammation diseases of the optic nerve and spinal cord
seronegative NMO and some MS patients. Finally, other proteins under study are connexin 43 and anti-AQP1, although, as of 2015, there are only initial reports
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder
Neuromyelitis_optica_spectrum_disorder
Abnormal backwards positioning of the jaw relative to the rest of the face
and absence of syndactyly: a case report with a novel mutation in the connexin 43 gene". Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 36 (9): 858–60. doi:10.1016/j.ijom
Retrognathism
Medical condition
To date, it is thought to be caused by mutations in genes encoding for connexin channels proteins in the epidermis, leading to the misregulation of homeostasis
Erythrokeratodermia variabilis
Erythrokeratodermia_variabilis
Medical condition
Nonsyndromic deafness is hearing loss that is not associated with other signs and symptoms. In contrast, syndromic deafness involves hearing loss that
Nonsyndromic_deafness
defined as one-half of a gap junction channel. Hemichannels consist of connexins. Pannexins are involved in the process of purinergic signalling. They
Membrane_channel
English boxer (born 2001)
with a fifth round technical knockout success over Tereza Dvorakova at Connexin Live Arena in Hull on 28 June 2025. "Boxing record for Gemma Richardson"
Gemma_Richardson
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
protein (GJA7) and connexin 45 (Cx45) — is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GJC1 gene. This gene is a member of the connexin gene family. The
GJC1
Organic compound used as a plasticizer
junctional connexin proteins, specifically connexin-43, in cardiomyocytes treated with DEHP. The decrease in expression and instability of connexin-43 may
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)_phthalate
Rare congenital disorder
the GJA1 gene which encodes the connexin 43 protein. Further studies are needed to confirm or deny the role of connexin proteins in this disorder. Diagnosis
Hallermann–Streiff_syndrome
Chemical compound
tracer for measuring gap junction coupling in cases of cation selective connexin channels. Bednarczyk, D.; Mash, E. A.; Aavula, B. R.; Wright, S. H. (2000)
NBD-TMA
Local election in England
Constituency. Luke Campbell was announced as Reform UK's candidate at a rally in Connexin Live Arena on 27 February 2025. He was a professional boxer who won a gold
2025 Hull and East Yorkshire mayoral election
2025_Hull_and_East_Yorkshire_mayoral_election
English pop and soul band
score fifth No.1 album". Music Week. "Simply Red - Bonus Arena Hull". Connexin Live Arena. Yates, Jonathan (15 June 2020). "Simply Red reschedule O2 Arena
Simply_Red
UK communications and IT services provider
Broadband and Nextgenus (which was ultimately purchased from administration by Connexin) both are local independent companies. From late 2023, KCOM were embroiled
KCOM_Group
Type of tissue that connects muscle to bone
happen by two proteins essentially: connexin 43, present where the cells processes meet and in cell bodies connexin 32, present only where the processes
Tendon
Medical condition
Recent genomic reports have implicated mutations in genes including GJA1 (connexin 43) and CARD14 among others; however, the genetic landscape is heterogeneous
Inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevus
Inflammatory_linear_verrucous_epidermal_nevus
Medical condition
erythematous plaques, and neurosensory deafness. It is caused by a mutation in connexin 26. Senter syndrome Ichthyosis hystrix List of cutaneous conditions Rapini
Keratitis–ichthyosis–deafness syndrome
Keratitis–ichthyosis–deafness_syndrome
Contraction of the uterus
Prostaglandins are also related to the changes in gap junction formation and connexin-43 expression during labor. Uterine and vaginal contractions usually take
Uterine_contraction
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
beta-7 protein (GJB7), also known as connexin-25 (Cx25), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GJB7 gene. Connexins, such as GJB7, are involved in the
GJB7
RNA element
chain binding protein (BiP), Heat shock protein 70, β-subunit of mitochondrial H+-ATP synthase, Ornithine decarboxylase, connexins 32 and 43, HIF-1α, APC
Internal_ribosome_entry_site
investigations involving the connexins demonstrated cells forming a direct connection with each other using groups of connexins but not connections with the
Intercellular_communication
Venues with a capacity of 1,000+
Arena Bizkaia Arena Bolton Arena Cardiff International Arena Croke Park Connexin Live Arena Dôme de Paris Elbphilharmonie Emirates Stadium Estadi Olímpic
List of music venues in Europe
List_of_music_venues_in_Europe
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Gap junction delta-2 (GJD2), also known as connexin-36 (Cx36) or gap junction alpha-9 (GJA9), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GJD2 gene.
GJD3
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
as connexin-36 (Cx36) or gap junction alpha-9 protein (GJA9), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GJD2 gene. GJD2, also called connexin-36 (CX36)
GJD2
Medical condition
keratoderma Palmoplantar keratoderma of Sybert Meleda disease syndromic connexin Bart–Pumphrey syndrome Clouston's hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia Vohwinkel
Gerodermia_osteodysplastica
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
proteins involved in mechanical junctions in cardiomyocytes, including connexin 43, the major component of cardiac gap junctions; the voltage-gated sodium
Plakophilin-2
Dutch boxer (born 2001)
Win 7–0 Ross McGuigan TKO 2 (6), 0:54 Jun 28, 2025 23 years, 351 days Connexin Live, Hull, United Kingdom 6 Win 6–0 Attila Baran KO 1 (8) Jun 14, 2025
Gradus_Kraus
City in the East Riding, England
William Morton. It was subsequently renamed the Curzon. On 25 July 2018, Connexin Live Arena (originally Bonus Arena), a new 3,000 seat arena was opened
Kingston_upon_Hull
Neuromuscular disease
signal transport. The mutation can appear in the GJB1 gene coding for the connexin 32 protein, a gap junction protein expressed in Schwann cells. Because
Charcot–Marie–Tooth_disease
Multiprotein complex that forms a point of contact or adhesion in animal cells
without contact with the extracellular fluid. This is possible due to six connexin proteins interacting to form a cylinder with a pore in the centre called
Cell_junction
Superphylum of bilateral animals
33E2359L. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2023.04.048. hdl:10141/623055. PMID 37167976. Connexins evolved after early chordates lost innexin diversity Hahn, G; Pflug, H
Deuterostome
In neurophysiology, a reduction of neuronal synapse efficacy
1038/nrn2867. PMID 20559335. S2CID 10348436. Harris AL, Locke D (2009). Connexins, a guide. New York: Springer. p. 574. ISBN 978-1-934115-46-6. Haas JS
Long-term_depression
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
1999). "Induction of tight junctions in human connexin 32 (hCx32)-transfected mouse hepatocytes: connexin 32 interacts with occludin". Biochemical and
Occludin
Electric current produced in living cells
PMID 23882223. Kandouz, Mustapha; Batist, Gerald (2010). "Gap junctions and connexins as therapeutic targets in cancer". Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets
Developmental_bioelectricity
Human chromosome
1) GJB2: gap junction protein, beta 2, 26kDa (connexin 26) GJB6: gap junction protein, beta 6 (connexin 30) Glypican 5: encoding protein Glypican-5 HTR2A:
Chromosome_13
Protein-coding gene in humans
anion channel 1 2 3 General bacterial porin family Cytoplasm: Gap junction Connexin A GJA1 GJA3 GJA4 GJA5 GJA8 GJA9 GJA10 B GJB1 GJB2 GJB3 GJB4 GJB5 GJB6 GJB7
ASIC5
Medical condition
a mutation in the gene GJA1, which codes for the gap junction protein connexin 43. Slightly different mutations in this gene may explain the different
Oculodentodigital_dysplasia
English boxer (born 1998)
faced Shakan Pitters for the vacant European light-heavyweight title at Connexin Live Arena in Hull on 28 June 2025. Rea won the contest by unanimous decision
Bradley_Rea
calcinosis GJB2 Connexin 26 KID syndrome Vohwinkel syndrome Bart–Pumphrey syndrome GJB3 Connexin 31 Erythrokeratodermia variabilis GJB4 Connexin 30.3 Erythrokeratodermia
List of genes mutated in cutaneous conditions
List_of_genes_mutated_in_cutaneous_conditions
Pharmaceutical drug
potential antiepileptic effects due to its ability to non-specifically block connexin hemi-channels and pannexons. Mefloquine is metabolized primarily through
Mefloquine
Medical condition
of an alternatively spliced form of alphaII-spectrin in localization of connexin 43 in cardiomyocytes and regulation by stress-activated protein kinase"
Purpura_fulminans
Type of connection between neurons
six 7.5 nm long, four-pass membrane-spanning protein subunits called connexins, which may be identical or slightly different from one another. An autapse
Electrical_synapse
Music and performance arts festival held annually in Kingston upon Hull, England
Streetlife Museum of Transport Sea of Hull The Deep Wilberforce House Connexin Live Arena Craven Park Hull City Hull F.C. Hull Kingston Rovers MKM Stadium
Freedom_Festival,_Hull
heart. Sequencing suggested mosaic variation in the gap junction protein connexin in three patients out of 15 might contribute to atrial fibrillation although
Human_somatic_variation
Medical condition
Syrris, Petros; Carter, Nicholas D.; Patton, Michael A. (2000-01-01). "A connexin 26 mutation causes a syndrome of sensorineural hearing loss and palmoplantar
Palmoplantar keratoderma with deafness
Palmoplantar_keratoderma_with_deafness
Pumping station in Hull, England
Streetlife Museum of Transport Sea of Hull The Deep Wilberforce House Connexin Live Arena Craven Park Hull City Hull F.C. Hull Kingston Rovers MKM Stadium
Springhead_Pumping_Station
Medical condition
congenital, resulting from errors in the development of the cerebellum and connexins during pregnancy. However it is also possible to be acquired via meningitis
Ataxic_cerebral_palsy
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
anion channel 1 2 3 General bacterial porin family Cytoplasm: Gap junction Connexin A GJA1 GJA3 GJA4 GJA5 GJA8 GJA9 GJA10 B GJB1 GJB2 GJB3 GJB4 GJB5 GJB6 GJB7
KCNH5
Nigerian politician
Science: Gap junction physiology, cell-to-cell communication modulated by connexin protein, tissue cytology, molecular biology and prenatal biology. Clinical
Chimaroke_Nnamani
New Zealand neuroscientist
Colin Green; Louise Nicholson (1 March 2002). "Upregulation in astrocytic connexin 43 gap junction levels may exacerbate generalized seizures in mesial temporal
Louise_Nicholson_(academic)
Class of transport proteins
anion channel 1 2 3 General bacterial porin family Cytoplasm: Gap junction Connexin A GJA1 GJA3 GJA4 GJA5 GJA8 GJA9 GJA10 B GJB1 GJB2 GJB3 GJB4 GJB5 GJB6 GJB7
Inositol trisphosphate receptor
Inositol_trisphosphate_receptor
UK academic journal
KGV; et al. Connexin-43 interactions with ZO-1 and alpha-and beta-tubulin - Giepmans, BNG; Verlaan, I; Moolenaar, WH Connexin channels, connexin mimetic peptides
Cell_Communication_&_Adhesion
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
anion channel 1 2 3 General bacterial porin family Cytoplasm: Gap junction Connexin A GJA1 GJA3 GJA4 GJA5 GJA8 GJA9 GJA10 B GJB1 GJB2 GJB3 GJB4 GJB5 GJB6 GJB7
KCNU1
Medical condition
Masaki K (October 2015). "Early disruption of glial communication via connexin gap junction in multiple sclerosis, Baló's disease and neuromyelitis optica"
Anti-AQP4_disease
American physician and academic (1950–2025)
(2009), "The role of the cytoskeleton in the formation of gap junctions by Connexin 30", Experimental Cell Research, 315 (10): 1683–92, doi:10.1016/j.yexcr
Phyllis Gardner (clinical pharmacologist)
Phyllis_Gardner_(clinical_pharmacologist)
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
alpha-10 protein, also known as connexin-62 (Cx62), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GJA10 gene. Connexins, such as GJA10, are involved in
GJA10
range non-local contact is maintained with filopodia. During this process, connexin 43 (Cx43) regulates cell interaction by regulating the formation of channels
Cardiac_neural_crest
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
anion channel 1 2 3 General bacterial porin family Cytoplasm: Gap junction Connexin A GJA1 GJA3 GJA4 GJA5 GJA8 GJA9 GJA10 B GJB1 GJB2 GJB3 GJB4 GJB5 GJB6 GJB7
KCNK18
Chemical compound
units (connexins) that associate together to form a channel between adjacent cells. Rotigaptide acts at connexins, preferentially to connexin 43 (Cx43)
Rotigaptide
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
anion channel 1 2 3 General bacterial porin family Cytoplasm: Gap junction Connexin A GJA1 GJA3 GJA4 GJA5 GJA8 GJA9 GJA10 B GJB1 GJB2 GJB3 GJB4 GJB5 GJB6 GJB7
CLIC6
Suburb of Kingston upon Hull, East Riding of Yorkshire, England
Streetlife Museum of Transport Sea of Hull The Deep Wilberforce House Connexin Live Arena Craven Park Hull City Hull F.C. Hull Kingston Rovers MKM Stadium
Summergangs, Kingston upon Hull
Summergangs,_Kingston_upon_Hull
Hearing loss caused by an inner ear or vestibulocochlear nerve defect
congenital hearing impairment in developed countries is DFNB1, also known as Connexin 26 deafness or GJB2-related deafness. The most common syndromic forms of
Sensorineural_hearing_loss
Support-cells in the nervous system
Vit JP, Bhargava A, Jasmin L (December 2008). "Evidence for a role of connexin 43 in trigeminal pain using RNA interference in vivo". Journal of Neurophysiology
Glia
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
anion channel 1 2 3 General bacterial porin family Cytoplasm: Gap junction Connexin A GJA1 GJA3 GJA4 GJA5 GJA8 GJA9 GJA10 B GJB1 GJB2 GJB3 GJB4 GJB5 GJB6 GJB7
CNGB1
Communications in cell biology
called connexins. They form hexagonal pores or channels through which ions, sugars, and other small molecules can pass. Each pore is made of 12 connexin molecules;
Cell–cell_interaction
Protein found in humans
Shestopalov VI, Giepmans BN, Dunia I, Benedetti EL, Kumar NM (Jun 2003). "Lens connexins alpha3Cx46 and alpha8Cx50 interact with zonula occludens protein-1 (ZO-1)"
Tight_junction_protein_ZO-1
Tissue lining the surfaces of organs in animals
connect the cytoplasm of adjacent cells and are made up of proteins called connexins (six of which come together to make a connexion). Epithelial tissues are
Epithelium
Single-cell layer lining the intestines
each other. They are formed by several homologous proteins encoded by the connexin gene family coming together to form a multiprotein complex. The molecular
Intestinal_epithelium
X-linked leukodystrophy
(August 2004). "Mutations in the Gene Encoding Gap Junction Protein α12 (Connexin 46.6) Cause Pelizaeus-Merzbacher–Like Disease". The American Journal of
Pelizaeus–Merzbacher_disease
Museum ship in Kingston upon Hull, England
Streetlife Museum of Transport Sea of Hull The Deep Wilberforce House Connexin Live Arena Craven Park Hull City Hull F.C. Hull Kingston Rovers MKM Stadium
Arctic_Corsair
Theatre in Kingston upon Hull, England
Streetlife Museum of Transport Sea of Hull The Deep Wilberforce House Connexin Live Arena Craven Park Hull City Hull F.C. Hull Kingston Rovers MKM Stadium
Hull_New_Theatre
Municipal building in Hull, East Riding of Yorkshire, England
Streetlife Museum of Transport Sea of Hull The Deep Wilberforce House Connexin Live Arena Craven Park Hull City Hull F.C. Hull Kingston Rovers MKM Stadium
Guildhall,_Kingston_upon_Hull
Family of transport proteins
anion channel 1 2 3 General bacterial porin family Cytoplasm: Gap junction Connexin A GJA1 GJA3 GJA4 GJA5 GJA8 GJA9 GJA10 B GJB1 GJB2 GJB3 GJB4 GJB5 GJB6 GJB7
Voltage-gated_sodium_channel
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
PD, Gershin IF, Desnick RJ (Apr 1997). "Physical mapping of the human connexin 40 (GJA5), flavin-containing monooxygenase 5, and natriuretic peptide receptor
FMO5
Ejection of the placenta from the uterus after childbirth
and associated tissues Increases contraction associated proteins (i.e., connexins) Placental shedding by physiological inflammation (note that pathological
Placental_expulsion
Multi-functional cells on the outer surface of microvascular endothelial cells
molecules in these intercellular connections include N-cadherin, fibronectin, connexin and various integrins. In some regions of the basement membrane, adhesion
Pericyte
English professional rugby league club
Streetlife Museum of Transport Sea of Hull The Deep Wilberforce House Connexin Live Arena Craven Park Hull City Hull F.C. Hull Kingston Rovers MKM Stadium
Hull_F.C.
standing; 1,355 mixed; 953 seated Cliffs Pavilion Southend-on-sea 1,630 Connexin Live Arena Kingston upon Hull 3,500 Crucible Theatre, Sheffield Sheffield
List of venues in the United Kingdom
List_of_venues_in_the_United_Kingdom
British lightvessel
Streetlife Museum of Transport Sea of Hull The Deep Wilberforce House Connexin Live Arena Craven Park Hull City Hull F.C. Hull Kingston Rovers MKM Stadium
Spurn_Lightship
Gardens in Kingston upon Hull, England
Streetlife Museum of Transport Sea of Hull The Deep Wilberforce House Connexin Live Arena Craven Park Hull City Hull F.C. Hull Kingston Rovers MKM Stadium
Queen's Gardens, Kingston upon Hull
Queen's_Gardens,_Kingston_upon_Hull
CONNEXIN
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