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Unintended effects of an action or inaction
Collateral consequences are the effects of a given action or inaction that are unintended, unknown, or at least not explicit. A collateral consequence
Collateral_consequence
Civil penalties following a conviction
Collateral consequences of criminal conviction are the additional civil state penalties, mandated by statute, that attach to a criminal conviction. They
Collateral consequences of criminal conviction
Collateral_consequences_of_criminal_conviction
The Collateral Consequences Calculator is a legal website designed to aid judges, attorneys, and legal academics in their research of collateral consequences
Collateral Consequences Calculator
Collateral_Consequences_Calculator
2004 neo-noir action thriller film by Michael Mann
Collateral is a 2004 American neo-noir action thriller film directed and produced by Michael Mann, written by Stuart Beattie, and starring Tom Cruise and
Collateral_(film)
2010 United States Supreme Court case
to classify deportation as a direct or collateral consequence. Regardless of whether the collateral consequences rule is an appropriate way of analyzing
Padilla_v._Kentucky
Serious crime
Civil Rights & Firearms Rights". Restoration of Rights Project. Collateral Consequences Resource Center. May 2017. Retrieved 7 September 2017. "Richardson
Felony
Extreme pride or overconfidence, often in combination with arrogance
a group, although the group the offender belongs to may suffer collateral consequences from wrongful acts. Hubris often indicates a loss of contact with
Hubris
Legal verdict
addition to the sentence, a conviction can also have other consequences, known as collateral consequences of criminal charges. These can include impacts on employment
Conviction
Damages assessed in order to punish the defendant for outrageous conduct
S. 346 (2007) Exxon Shipping Co. v. Baker, 554 U.S. 471 (2008) Collateral consequences of criminal conviction Criminal justice reform Deterrence (penology)
Punitive_damages
Court procedure used to correct grave errors
nobis is to eliminate collateral consequences ensuing from the challenged conviction. Collateral consequences are indirect consequences of a conviction, like
Coram_nobis
Unforeseen outcomes of an action
effect (psychology) – Unintended effect of persuasion Collateral damage – Unintended consequences done to third parties Domino effect – Cumulative effect
Unintended_consequences
United States government program
Supplemental Security Income (SSI) is a means-tested program that provides cash payments to disabled children, disabled adults, and individuals aged 65
Supplemental_Security_Income
Rights restrictions for criminals, such as voting or gun ownership rights
restrictions imposed directly upon conviction, there can also be collateral civil consequences resulting from a criminal conviction, but which are not imposed
Loss of rights due to criminal conviction
Loss_of_rights_due_to_criminal_conviction
Right of a court to triple the amount of the actual/compensatory damages awarded
Rectification Subrogation Related issues Adequate remedy Civil penalty Collateral consequences of criminal conviction Conviction rate Court costs Criminal costs
Treble_damages
August 2017. "50-state guide to expungement and sealing laws". Collateral Consequences Resource Center. 13 January 2016. Retrieved 12 August 2017. "State
Expungement in the United States
Expungement_in_the_United_States
Unintended consequences done to third parties
contexts to refer to negative unintended consequences of an action. Critics of use of the term "collateral damage" see it as a euphemism that dehumanizes
Collateral_damage
Process by which a record of criminal conviction is destroyed or sealed
2015. Retrieved 20 October 2016. "Restoration of Rights Project". Collateral Consequences Resource Center. Retrieved 29 June 2017. Shah, Riya Saha; Fine
Expungement
Overview on felons voting in elections in the United States
parole or probation. Felony disenfranchisement is one among the collateral consequences of criminal conviction and the loss of rights due to conviction
Felony disenfranchisement in the United States
Felony_disenfranchisement_in_the_United_States
Judicial Institute, New York
judiciary, law school clinical programs, and the bar explored collateral consequences of criminal convictions and ways to improve indigent representation
New York State Judicial Institute
New_York_State_Judicial_Institute
Loss of all or almost all civil rights
has been called a form of civil death, as has being subjected to collateral consequences in general. The contention is not generally supported by legal
Civil_death
receive federal funding. Some authors have suggested that the collateral consequences of criminal conviction are more serious than the legal penalties
Race_and_the_war_on_drugs
U.S.-led campaign against illegal drug use and trade
dangerous nonnarcotic drugs". Federal and state policies also impose collateral consequences on those convicted of drug offenses, separate from fines and prison
War_on_drugs
US law
fails to inform their client about the "collateral" consequences of their guilty plea. Collateral consequences include the loss of the ability to vote
Ineffective assistance of counsel
Ineffective_assistance_of_counsel
Legal concept
Rectification Subrogation Related issues Adequate remedy Civil penalty Collateral consequences of criminal conviction Conviction rate Court costs Criminal costs
Reparation_(legal)
Government system to track sexual criminals
pertaining to individual cases. Instead, registration is a mandatory collateral consequence of criminal conviction. Due to this feature, laws target a wide
Sex_offender_registry
community notification (SORN) laws carry costs in the form of collateral consequences for both sex offenders and their families, including difficulties
Sex offender registries in the United States
Sex_offender_registries_in_the_United_States
Former U.S. Army officer, and convicted war criminal (b. 1984)
to suffer collateral consequences from his convictions. The district court agreed that Lorance continued to suffer collateral consequences but deemed
Clint_Lorance
Use of punishment as a threat to deter people from offending
Citations) Capital punishment and deterrence in the United States Collateral consequences of criminal conviction Loss of rights due to criminal conviction
Deterrence_(penology)
Claim preclusion in law
related concepts: claim preclusion and issue preclusion (also called collateral estoppel or issue estoppel), though sometimes res judicata is used more
Res_judicata
Legal right to have a lawyer
including a deportation hearing (even though deportability is often a collateral consequence of criminal conviction). However, as described below, there are
Right_to_counsel
Way to avoid prosecution
deferred prosecution of corporate criminal offenses because of collateral consequences and discusses plea agreements, deferred prosecution agreements
Deferred_prosecution
Legal remedy taking away a benefit wrongfully obtained
Rectification Subrogation Related issues Adequate remedy Civil penalty Collateral consequences of criminal conviction Conviction rate Court costs Criminal costs
Restitution and unjust enrichment
Restitution_and_unjust_enrichment
Decree of punishment in law
social stigma, loss of governmental benefits, or collectively, the collateral consequences of criminal charges. Statutes generally specify the highest penalties
Sentence_(law)
Forgiveness of a crime by the government
criminal records – but it still looks pretty liberal from here". Collateral Consequences Resource Center. Retrieved 26 July 2017. "Record Suspensions".
Pardon
American judge (born 1934)
Y. 2016), Text. In a 44-page opinion, Judge Block claimed the "collateral consequences" facing convicted felons are punishment enough. Judge Block's opinion
Frederic_Block
Financial penalty
Rectification Subrogation Related issues Adequate remedy Civil penalty Collateral consequences of criminal conviction Conviction rate Court costs Criminal costs
Fine_(penalty)
Court-enforced rights or penalties
known as special damages, are intended to compensate for the indirect consequences incurred by the defendant and are sanctioned on a case-by-case basis
Legal_remedy
Legal process for seizing assets
dispositions of its assets. Such dispositions, when made, are made in consequence of decisions made by the organs of the company. They are not dispositions
Asset_freezing
Conversation. Retrieved December 15, 2025. Tewksbury, Richard (2005). "Collateral Consequences of Sex Offender Registration". Journal of Contemporary Criminal
List of anti-sex offender attacks in the United States
List_of_anti-sex_offender_attacks_in_the_United_States
Rectification Subrogation Related issues Adequate remedy Civil penalty Collateral consequences of criminal conviction Conviction rate Court costs Criminal costs
Diminution_in_value
Alternate blood flow around a blockage
give rise to collateral circulation between branches of the portal and caval veins of the liver, or between the two caval veins. Consequences of newly established
Collateral_circulation
Answer to a claim made by someone in a common law criminal case
hold that defense counsel need not discuss with defendants the collateral consequences of pleading guilty, such as consecutive sentencing or even treatment
Plea
Legal determination of the rights, duties, or obligations of parties to a civil dispute
Rectification Subrogation Related issues Adequate remedy Civil penalty Collateral consequences of criminal conviction Conviction rate Court costs Criminal costs
Declaratory_judgment
Type of punishment
Rectification Subrogation Related issues Adequate remedy Civil penalty Collateral consequences of criminal conviction Conviction rate Court costs Criminal costs
Retributive_justice
Principle of natural justice
parliament, collaterally, any absurd consequences, manifestly contradictory to common reason; they are, with regard to those collateral consequences, void.
Nemo_iudex_in_causa_sua
statutory damages include reducing administrative costs and clarifying the consequences of violating the law. The amount of statutory damages can be set on a
Statutory_damages
including a deportation hearing (even though deportability is often a collateral consequence of criminal conviction). Choice of counsel A defendant must be given
United States constitutional criminal procedure
United_States_constitutional_criminal_procedure
Concept in law
wrongdoing. The classification of a remedy as equitable has various consequences. For example, equitable remedies may be enforced by contempt, and equitable
Equitable_remedy
"Lesser" criminal act in some common law legal systems
public offices, or public employment. Such effects are known as the collateral consequences of criminal charges. This is more common when the misdemeanor is
Misdemeanor
provision five times (differently) and only after the civil war. Collateral consequences of conviction although widespread and arguably legislation prohibited
Employment discrimination against persons with criminal records in the United States
Employment_discrimination_against_persons_with_criminal_records_in_the_United_States
Financial penalty imposed by a government agency as restitution for wrongdoing
Rectification Subrogation Related issues Adequate remedy Civil penalty Collateral consequences of criminal conviction Conviction rate Court costs Criminal costs
Civil_penalty
American lawyer (born 1951)
pursue white-collar crimes, should give special consideration to "collateral consequences" of bringing charges against large corporate institutions, as outlined
Eric_Holder
Right of a person whose human rights have been violated to legal remedy
Rectification Subrogation Related issues Adequate remedy Civil penalty Collateral consequences of criminal conviction Conviction rate Court costs Criminal costs
Right_to_an_effective_remedy
Moral panic and media myth
Retrieved 2025-03-07. Nellis, Ashley (August 2011). "Addressing the Collateral Consequences of Convictions for Young Offenders" (PDF). www.nacdl.org. Retrieved
Superpredator
American criminal justice advocacy group
perceptions in criminal justice policy; the war on drugs and its collateral consequences; juvenile justice issues; women in prison; the children of prisoners
The_Sentencing_Project
Observation in April in the U.S.
April since 2017, is a nationwide effort to raise awareness of the collateral consequences of a criminal conviction, and unlock second-chance opportunities
Second_Chance_Month
Legal concept
burden to prove that the damages occurred are not only the proximate consequence of the breach, but also that they were "reasonably foreseeable" or within
Consequential_damages
Several distinct principles of law
Rectification Subrogation Related issues Adequate remedy Civil penalty Collateral consequences of criminal conviction Conviction rate Court costs Criminal costs
Proportionality_(law)
Ancient penalty, usually for high treason
method of declaring a person a fugitive. Another was applying collateral consequences of criminal conviction (especially property forfeiture) where the
Attainder
Court-ordered change to a written document
Rectification Subrogation Related issues Adequate remedy Civil penalty Collateral consequences of criminal conviction Conviction rate Court costs Criminal costs
Rectification_(law)
Equitable remedy in contract law
Rectification Subrogation Related issues Adequate remedy Civil penalty Collateral consequences of criminal conviction Conviction rate Court costs Criminal costs
Specific_performance
Rectification Subrogation Related issues Adequate remedy Civil penalty Collateral consequences of criminal conviction Conviction rate Court costs Criminal costs
Reliance_damages
Type of equitable remedy in law
Rectification Subrogation Related issues Adequate remedy Civil penalty Collateral consequences of criminal conviction Conviction rate Court costs Criminal costs
Account_of_profits
American politician and author (born 1952)
Supreme Court vacancy and signed bipartisan legislation easing the collateral consequences of criminal conviction. In 2013, he signed a $62 billion two-year
John_Kasich
Legal term for compensation awarded for loss or injury
"intended consequences are never too remote" applies: "never" is inaccurate here but resorts to unforeseeable direct and natural consequences of an act
Damages
Rectification Subrogation Related issues Adequate remedy Civil penalty Collateral consequences of criminal conviction Conviction rate Court costs Criminal costs
Provisional_remedy
Limitations in lawsuits
Rectification Subrogation Related issues Adequate remedy Civil penalty Collateral consequences of criminal conviction Conviction rate Court costs Criminal costs
Non-economic_damages_caps
Rectification Subrogation Related issues Adequate remedy Civil penalty Collateral consequences of criminal conviction Conviction rate Court costs Criminal costs
Election_of_remedies
Common law self-help remedy involving land and the seizure of property
Rectification Subrogation Related issues Adequate remedy Civil penalty Collateral consequences of criminal conviction Conviction rate Court costs Criminal costs
Distress_damage_feasant
(2009): 371–400. online Mauer, Marc. "Invisible punishment: the collateral consequences of mass imprisonment". Adams University Nelson Library. New Press
Social and economic stratification in Appalachia
Social_and_economic_stratification_in_Appalachia
Revocation of the right of suffrage
Bowers, Melanie M; Preuhs, Robert R (September 2009). "Collateral Consequences of a Collateral Penalty: The Negative Effect of Felon Disenfranchisement
Disfranchisement
2025 Iranian strikes
institute were damaged, ranging from direct missile impacts to collateral consequences like shock waves, shrapnel, and fires. This damage included broken
Iranian strikes on the Weizmann Institute of Science
Iranian_strikes_on_the_Weizmann_Institute_of_Science
Justice to those who have committed crimes
Rectification Subrogation Related issues Adequate remedy Civil penalty Collateral consequences of criminal conviction Conviction rate Court costs Criminal costs
Criminal_justice
Court case challenging the legality of medication abortion in the U.S.
9, 2023). "Alliance for Hippocratic Medicine v. FDA — Dobbs's Collateral Consequences for Pharmaceutical Regulation". New England Journal of Medicine
FDA v. Alliance for Hippocratic Medicine
FDA_v._Alliance_for_Hippocratic_Medicine
American documentary filmmaker (born 1949)
regarding not investigating big banks for alleged crimes for fear of collateral consequences. Several US attorneys' offices have screened the film and redoubled
Martin_Smith_(documentarian)
Law enforcement action
after a wrongful arrest.[citation needed] For convictions, the collateral consequences are more severe in the United States than in the UK, where arrests
Arrest
Legal topic
recover their costs even if they are acquitted of all charges. Collateral consequences of criminal conviction Prosecution of Offences Act 1985, s.18(1)
Criminal_costs
Type of discrimination or disapproval
portal Psychology portal Society portal Badge of shame Closure Collateral consequences of criminal charges Cringe culture Dehumanization Guilt by association
Social_stigma
237. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026243413175 Criminal Records, Collateral Consequences, and Employment: FCRA and Title VII in Discrimination againstPersons
Employment discrimination against persons with criminal records
Employment_discrimination_against_persons_with_criminal_records
Rectification Subrogation Related issues Adequate remedy Civil penalty Collateral consequences of criminal conviction Conviction rate Court costs Criminal costs
Incidental_damages
Canadian entrepreneur
miscarriages of justice, ensuring that individuals do not suffer further collateral consequences Following his release from prison, Curnew became financially successful
Andrew_Curnew
and incarceration. Criminal justice reform can also address the collateral consequences of conviction, including disenfranchisement or lack of access to
Criminal justice reform in the United States
Criminal_justice_reform_in_the_United_States
Type of legal remedy
Rectification Subrogation Related issues Adequate remedy Civil penalty Collateral consequences of criminal conviction Conviction rate Court costs Criminal costs
Constructive_trust
Political movement
police agencies: Crime and victimization will increase....These collateral consequences will disproportionately harm minority communities that need help
Police_abolition
release date Prod. code 1 1 "Collateral Damage" Anthony Atkins Ian Weir January 4, 2000 (2000-01-04) 101 In "Collateral Damage" Scott falls in love at
List_of_Edgemont_episodes
Private law school in New York City, New York, US
currently engaged in building a community resource to understand the collateral consequences of criminal charges. In April 2006, Columbia announced that it
Columbia_Law_School
Italian banking institution
media attention because it stores wheels of Parmigiano Reggiano cheese as collateral for loans. Founded in 1910 as Banca Agricola Commerciale di Reggio Emilia
Credito_Emiliano
System of alveolar ventilation
Collateral ventilation is a back-up system of alveolar ventilation that can bypass the normal route of airflow when airways are restricted or obstructed
Collateral_ventilation
Initiative to reduce crime
Forrest (2016). "Becoming "Copwise": Policing, Culture, and the Collateral Consequences of Street-Level Criminalization". Law & Society Review. 50 (2):
Safer_Cities_Initiative
Cell death resulting from a deficiency of or interaction between in two or more genes
deletion of passenger genes rather than tumor suppressor is the so-called "collateral lethality". The phenomenon of synthetic lethality was first described
Synthetic_lethality
available in the federal system other than a presidential pardon. Collateral consequences of criminal conviction in the United States Criminal law of the
Criminal records in the United States
Criminal_records_in_the_United_States
controlled substance, which carries serious civil, criminal, and collateral consequences under federal law. Amphetamine's classification as Schedule II
History and culture of substituted amphetamines
History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines
Jo's trip from Mr. Guerney at the bank by using her engagement ring as collateral. Billie Jo announces that her secretarial school is giving her a chance
List of Petticoat Junction episodes
List_of_Petticoat_Junction_episodes
American police procedural television series
discipline. 9 "Collateral Damage" Randy Zisk Estevan December 19, 2025 (2025-12-19) 109 N/A Mae faces public and family backlash over the consequences of her
Boston_Blue
Reform of criminal justice
1163/157181210X527091. Malone, Carlie (2020). "Plea Bargaining and Collateral Consequences: An Experimental Analysis". Vanderbilt Law Review. 73: 1161–1208
Criminal_justice_reform
American professor (1962–2021)
Teresa Miller (eds.), Civil Penalties, Social Consequences (Routledge Publishing Co., 2005) Chapter 1: “Collateral Civil Penalties as Techniques of Social Policy”
Teresa_Miller_(academic)
Form of discrimination
unfairly restrict opportunities for people with criminal records". Collateral Consequences Resource Center. Retrieved 15 August 2017. "Consideration of Arrest
Employment_discrimination
Vicious cycle that reinforces poverty
to escape poverty. Boots theory Circular cumulative causation Collateral consequences of criminal conviction Cost of poverty Culture of poverty Deprivation
Cycle_of_poverty
Act 2021 Uniform Collaborative Law Act/Rules 2009, 2010 Uniform Collateral Consequences of Conviction Act 2009, 2010 Uniform College Athlete Name, Image
List of uniform acts (United States)
List_of_uniform_acts_(United_States)
Minimum-security prison
Mexico. 2014-06-10. Retrieved 2026-08-07. Invisible Punishment: The Collateral Consequences of Mass Imprisonment, edited by Meda Chesney-Lind, Marc Mauer "U
Cibola County Correctional Center
Cibola_County_Correctional_Center
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