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cell-probe model is a model of computation similar to the random-access machine, except that all operations are free except memory access. This model
Cell-probe_model
Mathematical model describing how an output of a function is computed given an input
machine Cell-probe model Robertson–Webb query model Chomsky hierarchy Turing completeness "Models of Computation" (PDF). Fernández, Maribel (2009). Models of
Model_of_computation
Theoretical model of computation
transdichotomous model has also been applied to the design of priority queues and to problems in computational geometry and graph algorithms. Word RAM Cell-probe model
Transdichotomous_model
RAM model are listed in the article on range searching. Lower bounds applicable to word RAM algorithms are often proved in the cell-probe model. Transdichotomous
Word_RAM
Query of largest element in a set less than an element
showed the following lower bound for the optimal search time, in the cell-probe model: O ( 1 ) min { log w n lg ℓ − lg n a lg ℓ a lg ( a lg n
Predecessor_problem
the assumption of a pointer algorithm. Under the assumptions of the cell-probe model, Beame and Fich proved that a data structure that uses word size 2
Interval_union-split-find
Quickly growing function
the inverse Ackermann function, and cannot be made faster within the cell-probe model of computational complexity. Certain problems in discrete geometry
Ackermann_function
Geiger counter
encountered with non-compensated GM probes. In the case of the common Victoreen 6A model, the tube employed in the probe is an EON 62l0, of metal construction
CD_V-700
Romanian-American computer scientist
Pătrașcu, Mihai; Demaine, Erik (2006). "Logarithmic lower bounds in the cell-probe model" (PDF). SIAM Journal on Computing. 35 (4): 932–963. arXiv:cs/0502041
Mihai Pătrașcu (computer scientist)
Mihai_Pătrașcu_(computer_scientist)
Computer programming method for hashing
Knuth. Along with quadratic probing and double hashing, linear probing is a form of open addressing. In these schemes, each cell of a hash table stores a
Linear_probing
Genetic testing technique
within cells and tissues. In biology, a probe is a single strand of DNA or RNA that is complementary to a nucleotide sequence of interest. RNA probes can
Fluorescence in situ hybridization
Fluorescence_in_situ_hybridization
Computer science data structure
\log n)} time in the worst case, regardless of update time, in the cell-probe model. Theorem—Consider a partially persistent array with n {\displaystyle
Persistent_array
Indian writer social critic
Mohandas was the state convener of Bharatiya Janata Party's Intellectual Cell and the General Secretary in 1997 of Bharateeya Vichara Kendram and its vice-president
T._G._Mohandas
Computing problem
following table. Recently Jørgensen et al. proved a lower bound on the cell-probe model of Ω ( log n log ( S w / n ) ) {\displaystyle \Omega \left({\tfrac
Range query (computer science)
Range_query_(computer_science)
Computational task of sorting whole numbers
provided by Ajtai, Fredman & Komlós (1984) using the cell-probe model of computation (an artificial model in which the complexity of an algorithm is measured
Integer_sorting
Range of methods designed for assigning cell types
sequence after permeating the cell. Then, multiple rounds of hybridization are conducted as follows: for each round, only a probe that includes "1" in the
Spatial_transcriptomics
First NASA mission to orbit Jupiter (1989–2003)
Galileo was an American robotic space probe that studied the planet Jupiter and its moons, as well as the asteroids Gaspra and Ida. Named after the Italian
Galileo_(spacecraft)
Type of very-high-resolution microscopy
Examples of this include atomic manipulation, scanning probe lithography and local stimulation of cells. Simultaneous with the acquisition of topographical
Atomic_force_microscopy
Fluorescent stain
by DAPI making them easy to detect. This DNA fluorescent probe has been effectively modeled using the time-dependent density functional theory, coupled
DAPI
Patrascu, M.; Demaine, E. D. (2006). "Logarithmic Lower Bounds in the Cell-Probe Model" (PDF). SIAM Journal on Computing. 35 (4): 932. arXiv:cs/0502041. doi:10
Interleave_lower_bound
American electric vehicle and clean energy company
the NHTSA said it would expand its probe, extending it to 830,000 cars from all current Tesla models. The probe was moved up from the Preliminary Evaluation
Tesla,_Inc.
Branch of biology that studies biological systems at the molecular level
engineering Molecular genetics Molecular modeling Protein interaction prediction Protein structure prediction Proteome Cell biology Alberts B, Johnson A, Lewis
Molecular_biology
Subfield of computational complexity theory
paper. Lower bounds for dynamic graph problems and connections to the cell-probe model of data structures continue to be active areas. Fine-grained complexity
Fine_grained_complexity
Viscosity of the lipid bilayer of a cell membrane
in model lipid membranes; this can be observed using fluorescence microscopy. The biological analogue, 'lipid raft', is hypothesized to exist in cell membranes
Membrane_fluidity
Chemical compound
organisation model contributes to distinguishing effects of perturbations on cell membrane order and fluidity. Electronic microscope Fluorescence Cell membrane
Laurdan
fundamental biological processes in cells and organisms, and validate molecular targets. While early definitions for chemical probes, including criteria for potency
Chemical_probe
Dependence of the state of a system on its history
state model (magnetism) Bouc–Wen model (structural engineering) Ising model (magnetism) Jiles–Atherton model (magnetism) Novak–Tyson model (cell-cycle
Hysteresis
Electric compact crossover SUV
with LG Chem to supply battery cells for Model Y production in China. On October 7, 2020, Musk tweeted that Giga Berlin Model Y would get single-piece rear
Tesla_Model_Y
Non-invasive analytical tool
Lanthanide probes are a non-invasive analytical tool commonly used for biological and chemical applications. Lanthanides are metal ions which have their
Lanthanide_probes
Hand-held radiation meter used in civil defense
mercury cells or, alternatively, a mains electricity power pack. Many of these units remained in service until the 1980s. There was also a Mk. 2 model which
Civil_defense_Geiger_counters
Body part used for neuroscience research
allow neuroscientists to specifically target the labeling of certain cell types to probe the neural basis of fundamental processes. The cerebral cortex of
Mouse_brain
Mission to Saturn (1997–2017)
Space Agency (ESA), and the Italian Space Agency (ASI) to send a space probe to study the planet Saturn and its system, including its rings and natural
Cassini–Huygens
Device for measuring oxygen concentration
probe tip with an oily black deposit, with associated loss of response. An overly rich mixture causes buildup of black powdery deposit on the probe.
Oxygen_sensor
French model scout and sex trafficker (1946–2022)
Hagen, Isobel (19 December 2020). "French modeling agent charged with rape of a minor in Jeffrey Epstein probe". NBC News. Retrieved 23 December 2020. "Jean-Luc
Jean-Luc_Brunel
Analytical technique to study proteins
protein profiling (ABPP) is a chemoproteomic strategy that employs modular probes to directly assess the functional state of enzymes within complex proteomes
Activity-based_proteomics
Battery-electric full-size car
2024. "Panasonic delivers over 100 million lithium-ion battery cells for Tesla Model S". Japan Today. June 13, 2013. Archived from the original on September
Tesla_Model_S
Organelle in eukaryotic cells responsible for respiration
A mitochondrion (pl. mitochondria) is an organelle found in the cells of most eukaryotes, such as animals, plants and fungi. Mitochondria have a double
Mitochondria
Non-linear optical imaging modality
Pump–probe microscopy is a non-linear optical imaging modality used in femtochemistry to study chemical reactions. It is a kind of ultrafast laser spectroscopy
Pump–probe_microscopy
Fictional technology
Ixian Probe) and does not impede any of the other features. Memories can still be guessed at from the model the probe constructs. The T-Probe is what
List of technology in the Dune universe
List_of_technology_in_the_Dune_universe
Measuring device
signals from stray currents or electrochemical potentials. A 4-electrode probe uses a kelvin sensing arrangement, where the outer electrodes are driven
Electrical_conductivity_meter
cell culture, 3D cell culture, microphysiological systems, and animal models. Traditional two dimensional cell culture is a useful experimental model
Experimental models of Alzheimer's disease
Experimental_models_of_Alzheimer's_disease
Highly oxygenated polyketide
a synthesized fluorescent probe of mensacarcin was localized to the mitochondria within 20 minutes of treatment. Live-cell bioenergetic flux analysis
Mensacarcin
Bone marrow cancer in which lymphocytes are overproduced
the detection of genetic problems in the cells may require visualizing the DNA changes with fluorescent probes by FISH. CLL treatment focuses on controlling
Chronic_lymphocytic_leukemia
Growth of a plant in response to a light stimulus
1984). "Stress relaxation of cell walls and the yield threshold for growth: Demonstration and measurement by micro-pressure probe and psychrometer techniques"
Phototropism
Chemical compound
considered to be a hazardous pollutant. In cell membrane cytochemistry, perylene is used as a fluorescent lipid probe. It is the parent compound of a class
Perylene
Device used to produce electricity from light
Hoffman solar cells. By the 1960s, solar cells were (and still are) the main power source for most Earth orbiting satellites and a number of probes into the
Solar_cell
Amplification Anagenesis Anaphase Aneuploid Aneuploid cell Aneuploidy Angelman syndrome Angiosperm Animal model Annealing Annotation Antibody Anticipation Anticoding
Index_of_genetics_articles
arrangement, and special characteristics. The same physically interchangeable cell size or battery size may have widely different characteristics; physical
List_of_battery_sizes
Instrument used to physically scan the surface of a sample
A probe tip is an instrument used in scanning probe microscopes (SPMs) to scan the surface of a sample and make nano-scale images of surfaces and structures
Probe_tip
Multi-core microprocessor microarchitecture
18, 2007. "PlayStation speeds password probe". BBC News. November 30, 2007. Retrieved January 17, 2011. "CELL: A New Platform for Digital Entertainment"
Cell_(processor)
Species of fish
first few cell divisions. Fertilized eggs almost immediately become transparent, a characteristic that makes D. rerio a convenient research model species
Zebrafish
Paired cells that control the stomatal aperture
electron probe analysis. Plant Physiol. 48:447-453. Schroeder JI, Hedrich R, & Fernandez JM (1984) Potassium-selective single channels in guard cell protoplasts
Guard_cell
satellites and space probes includes uncrewed spacecraft including technology demonstrators, observatories, lunar probes, and interplanetary probes. First satellites
Timeline of artificial satellites and space probes
Timeline_of_artificial_satellites_and_space_probes
Free-floating three-dimensional culture of cells
cells to be able to move within their spheroid similar to the way cells would move in living tissue. The spheroids are thus improved models for cell migration
3D_cell_culture
Two-dimensional cellular automaton
is played on an infinite square grid, with each cell being in one of two states: live or dead. Cells in configurations called patterns evolve over generations
Conway's_Game_of_Life
Group of techniques to detect a particular nucleic acid sequence
on the design architecture of the probe and sink, and on the reagent concentrations and assay conditions. Their model succeeded in a median 890-fold selectivity
Nucleic_acid_test
Nanotechnology simulation of human organ function
approximation of complex tissues than standard cell culture, they provide the potential as an alternative to animal models for drug development and toxin testing
Organ-on-a-chip
Experimental technique in cell biology
tissue or cells. It is capable of quantifying the two-dimensional lateral diffusion of a molecularly thin film containing fluorescently labeled probes, or to
Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching
Fluorescence_recovery_after_photobleaching
UCSB study of fleet of small laser light sail interstellar probes
interstellar probes and sending them to a star neighboring the Solar System, potentially Alpha Centauri. The project aims to send organisms on board the probe. Starlight
Starlight (interstellar probe)
Starlight_(interstellar_probe)
Molecular biology technique
by designing oligonucleotide probes that hybridize with the repeats in the microsatellites and then pull out the probe/microsatellite complexes from
Microsatellite_enrichment
American financier and child sex offender (1953–2019)
the interior of inmates' cells was within their range. Epstein's attorneys asked district judge Richard M. Berman, to probe the death, alleging they could
Jeffrey_Epstein
Increase of the total mass of a cell
of cell proliferation, where a cell, known as the mother cell, grows and divides to produce two daughter cells. Importantly, cell growth and cell division
Cell_growth
Pathogenic type of misfolded protein
K-resistant form. To model conversion of PrPC to PrPSc in vitro, Kocisko et al. showed that PrPSc could cause PrPC to convert to PrPres under cell-free conditions
Prion
Nerve fiber part
slender projection of a nerve cell that conducts electrical impulses called action potentials away from the neuron's cell body to transmit those impulses
Axon_terminal
American medical institution
Allen Institute focused on brain cell types in Alzheimer's disease. The Allen Institute for Cell Science was modeled on the Allen Institute for Brain
Allen_Institute
Process of determining the nucleic acid sequence
the flow cell and thus reducing under or over-clustering on the flow cell. Sequencing is then performed by addition of an oligonucleotide probe that attaches
DNA_sequencing
Species of yeast
traditional brewing and as a model organism in molecular and cell biology. It is a unicellular eukaryote, whose cells are rod-shaped. Cells typically measure 3
Schizosaccharomyces_pombe
Collection of microscopic DNA spots attached to a solid surface
anti-sense RNA) sample (called target) under high-stringency conditions. Probe-target hybridization is usually detected and quantified by detection of
DNA_microarray
Generative AI chatbot by OpenAI
Originally released on November 30, 2022, the product uses large language models—specifically generative pre-trained transformers (GPTs)—to generate text
ChatGPT
Iranian medical device used in surgeries
of cancer diagnostic probe for intra-surgical checking of cavity side margins in neoadjuvant breast cancer cases: A human model study". The International
Cancer_Diagnostic_Probe
Feature of biological cell structure
In cell biology, the spindle apparatus is the cytoskeletal structure of eukaryotic cells that forms during cell division to separate sister chromatids
Spindle_apparatus
Free-living species of nematode
examples of asymmetric cell divisions, and the worm is a very popular model system for studying developmental biology. Programmed cell death (apoptosis) eliminates
Caenorhabditis_elegans
Second NASA orbiter mission to Jupiter (2011–Present)
Juno is a NASA space probe orbiting the planet Jupiter. Built by Lockheed Martin and operated by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, the spacecraft was
Juno_(spacecraft)
Physical substance of the human organism
entire structure of a human being. It is composed of many different types of cells that together create tissues and subsequently organs and then organ systems
Human_body
properties of scattered light to measure the average size of cell structures, including cell nuclei. The technology shows promise as a clinical tool for
Angle-resolved low-coherence interferometry
Angle-resolved_low-coherence_interferometry
NASA orbiter mission to Venus (1989–1994)
The Magellan spacecraft was a 1,035-kilogram (2,282 lb) robotic space probe launched by NASA on May 4, 1989. Its mission objectives were to map the surface
Magellan_(spacecraft)
Genus of amphibians
are commonly studied as model organisms for developmental biology, cell biology, toxicology, neuroscience and for modelling human disease and birth defects
Xenopus
Experimental process
(transcriptome-wide probing) and the direct assay of RNA molecules in their cellular environment (in-cell probing). Structured RNA is first reacted with the probing reagents
Nucleic acid structure determination
Nucleic_acid_structure_determination
2019 death in custody in New York, US
Hagen, Isobel (December 19, 2020). "Modeling agent Jean Luc Brunel charged with rape of a minor in Jeffrey Epstein probe". NBC News. Archived from the original
Death_of_Jeffrey_Epstein
Peptides that facilitate cellular intake
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are short peptides that facilitate cellular intake and uptake of molecules ranging from nanosize particles to small chemical
Cell-penetrating_peptide
NASA/DLR solar probes launched in 1974–76
15 kW per exposed square meter. At that distance, the probe could reach 370 °C (698 °F). The solar cells, and the central compartment of instruments had to
Helios_(spacecraft)
Genetically encoded calcium indicator
developed alongside GECIs to more directly probe neuronal activity at the cellular level in these animal models. GCaMP has played a vital role in establishing
GCaMP
Branch of medical science
solution full of the DNA fragments, called the probe, found in the desired sample of DNA. The probes anneal to the complementary DNA of the bands already
Biomedicine
Electric current produced in living cells
ranging from cell to organism levels, are the glass microelectrode (or micropipette), the vibrating (or self-referencing) voltage probe, and the vibrating
Developmental_bioelectricity
Form of metabolism in tumors
(2014). "Probing the stochastic, motor-driven properties of the cytoplasm using force spectrum microscopy". Cell. 158 (4): 822–832. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2014
Warburg_effect_(oncology)
Fraudulent US medical company
started operating the business under the name Advanced Cell Therapeutics. Laura Brown was a former model and Stephen van Rooyen was a South African businessman
Advanced_Cell_Therapeutics
to three-dimensional slabs (e.g. 3D microscope images), one-dimensional probes (e.g. needle biopsy), projected images, and other kinds of 'sampling'. It
Stereology
American computational neuroscientist
intrinsic population dynamics, Stringer created a model that generated intrinsic correlated variability to probe what might underlie the variability in these
Carsen_Stringer
2022). "US FAA approves SpaceX Falcon 9 return to flight after mishap probe". Reuters. Retrieved October 11, 2022. Robinson-Smith, Will (October 7,
List of Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy launches (2024)
List_of_Falcon_9_and_Falcon_Heavy_launches_(2024)
Battery electric mid-size crossover SUV
pack uses a lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide cell chemistry, and the second pack uses CATL's cells based on lithium iron phosphate chemistry. The Fisker
Fisker_Ocean
Chemical compound
2012). "Discovery of Potent and Highly Selective Inhibitors of GSK3b". Probe Reports from the NIH Molecular Libraries Program. Bethesda (MD): National
CHIR99021
Experimental tools for evaluation of chemotactic ability of cells
time of the assay both to the model cell and the ligand to be evaluated. Too short incubation time results in no cells in the sample, while too long time
Chemotaxis_assay
Medical condition
determined using fluorescent probes that bind the marker proteins. Detection of fluorescent probe binding by the cells requires the use of flow cytometry
Monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis
Monoclonal_B-cell_lymphocytosis
Medical condition
endometriosis is often found. In addition, pressure is applied with hands or the probe (transducer) to assess organ mobility. Not all lesions are visible on ultrasound
Endometriosis
Eye structure
thin fiber cells make up the majority of the lens. These cells vary in architecture and are arranged in concentric layers. New layers of cells are recruited
Lens_(vertebrate_anatomy)
Virus of the herpes family
essential to infection of the host cell. In July 2020, a team of researchers reported the first complete atomic model of the nucleocapsid of the virus.
Epstein–Barr_virus
Combination in the membranes of cells
PMC 1471841. PMID 16565041. Galvanetto, Nicola (2018). "Single-cell unroofing: probing topology and nanomechanics of native membranes". Biochimica et
Lipid_raft
Largest moon of Saturn
a hypothetical cell membrane capable of functioning in liquid methane at cryogenic temperatures (deep freeze) conditions was modeled. Composed of small
Titan_(moon)
Class of ligand activated receptors localized in surface of plama cell membrane
Cell surface receptors (membrane receptors, transmembrane receptors) are receptors that are embedded in the plasma membrane of cells. They act in cell
Cell_surface_receptor
Hierarchical outline list of articles related to genetics
molecular structure and function of genes, and gene behavior in context of a cell or organism (e.g. dominance and epigenetics), patterns of inheritance from
Outline_of_genetics
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