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King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire from 465 to 424 BC
first and then killed Xerxes. After Artaxerxes discovered the murder, he killed Artabanus and his sons. Artaxerxes had to face a revolt in Egypt in 460–454
Artaxerxes_I
King of the Achaemenid Empire from 405/4 to 359/8 BC
rulers of the Parthian Empire notably considered Artaxerxes II their progenitor. The given name of Artaxerxes II was, as rendered in Greek, Arses (Ἄρσης; Babylonian:
Artaxerxes_II
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up Artaxerxes in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Artaxerxes /ˌɑːrtəˈzɜːrksiːz/ may refer to: The throne name of several Achaemenid rulers of the
Artaxerxes
King of the Achaemenid Empire from 359/8 to 338 BC
of Artaxerxes II and his mother was Stateira. Before ascending the throne Artaxerxes was a satrap and commander of his father's army. Artaxerxes came
Artaxerxes_III
King of the Achaemenid Empire from 338 to 336 BC
autumn of 338, when Artaxerxes III was murdered by the ambitious eunuch and chiliarch Bagoas, who had the king poisoned. Artaxerxes III's early death proved
Arses_of_Persia
Ancient Iranian empire, 550–330 BC
Pericles). Artaxerxes II is said to have had more than 115 sons from 350 wives. In 358 BC Artaxerxes II died and was succeeded by his son Artaxerxes III. In
Achaemenid_Empire
King of the Achaemenid Empire from 336 to 330 BC)
338 BC, Artaxerxes III met an abrupt end after being poisoned by the court eunuch and chiliarch (hazahrapatish) Bagoas, who installed Artaxerxes' youngest
Darius_III
Ceremonial capital of the Achaemenid Empire
graves behind the compound at Persepolis would then belong to Artaxerxes II and Artaxerxes III. The unfinished tomb, a kilometer away from the city, is
Persepolis
English opera by Thomas Arne
figure, Artaxerxes I, King of Persia, who succeeded his father Xerxes I after his assassination by Artabanus. The opening night of Artaxerxes (2 February
Artaxerxes_(opera)
Name of various rulers in the Hebrew Bible
with his son, Artaxerxes I. The Septuagint, the Vulgate, the Midrash of Esther Rabbah, 1:3, and the Josippon identify him as Artaxerxes. Many historians
Ahasuerus
Figure in early Jewish history
of the Jews. He uses the name Xerxes for Artaxerxes I reserving the name Artaxerxes for the later Artaxerxes II whom he identifies as the Ahasuerus of
Ezra
the court. Artaxerxes was another of Xerxes’ sons whom the succession fell to after the deaths of his father and older brothers. Artaxerxes ruled, following
History_of_Persian_Egypt
343–332 BC Achaemenid province (satrapy)
(525–404 BC). In around 351 BC, Artaxerxes embarked on a campaign to recover Egypt, which had revolted under his father, Artaxerxes II. At the same time, a rebellion
Thirty-first_Dynasty_of_Egypt
King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire from 486 to 465 BC
Darius, the first born son, murdered by Artaxerxes I or Artabanus. Hystaspes, murdered by Artaxerxes I. Artaxerxes I Rhodogune Amytis, wife of Megabyzus
Xerxes_I
Achaemenid prince, satrap of Lydia from 408 to 401 BC
information is contained in the excerpts from Artaxerxes II's physician, Ctesias, by Photius; Plutarch’s Lives of Artaxerxes II and Lysander; and Thucydides's History
Cyrus_the_Younger
Achaemenid Empire ruler, 424 to 423 BC
reportedly an illegitimate son of Artaxerxes I by his concubine Alogyne of Babylon. The last inscription mentioning Artaxerxes I being alive can be dated to
Sogdianus
Book of the Bible
Xerxes and Artaxerxes I. Letter of officials to Artaxerxes, and reply of Artaxerxes: The officials "beyond the river" write to Artaxerxes warning him
Book_of_Ezra
5th-century BC Persian political figure
Artaxerxes I as King and to have acted as Regent and power behind the throne. This state of affairs would not last more than a few months. Artaxerxes
Artabanus_of_Persia
Persian queen
princess and queen, daughter and wife of the Persian king Artaxerxes II. She was born to king Artaxerxes II and queen Stateira. Atossa had been promised as a
Atossa (daughter of Artaxerxes II)
Atossa_(daughter_of_Artaxerxes_II)
Ruler of the Achaemenid Empire in 424 BC
legitimate son of Artaxerxes I and Damaspia, and is known to have served as crown prince. The last inscription mentioning Artaxerxes I being alive can
Xerxes_II
Crown Prince of Achaemenid Persia (died 465 BC)
deceived Artaxerxes into believing that it was his older brother, Darius, who murdered his father. Darius was then taken to the palace of Artaxerxes and put
Darius_(son_of_Xerxes_I)
King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire from 423 to 405/4 BC
and was followed as Persian king by Artaxerxes II. Born of Parysatis Amestris the wife of Terituchmes Artaxerxes II Cyrus the Younger Artostes Ostanes
Darius_II
Achaemenid queen
king Artaxerxes II and mother of his successor, Artaxerxes III. Stateira was the daughter of the Persian nobleman Hydarnes. She married Artaxerxes II,
Stateira (wife of Artaxerxes II)
Stateira_(wife_of_Artaxerxes_II)
Historic site in Marvdasht, Iran
the burial place of the Achaemenid ruler Artaxerxes I. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tomb of Artaxerxes I. "Encyclopaedia of the Iranian Architectural
Tomb of Artaxerxes I of Persia
Tomb_of_Artaxerxes_I_of_Persia
King of Macedon from 336 to 323 BC
received the protection of Philip II for several years as they opposed Artaxerxes III. Among them were Artabazos II and his daughter Barsine, possible future
Alexander_the_Great
Painting by Anne-Louis Girodet de Roussy-Trioson
Hippocrates Refusing the Gifts of Artaxerxes (French: Hippocrate refusant les présents d'Artaxerxès) is a 1792 history painting by the French artist Anne-Louis
Hippocrates Refusing the Gifts of Artaxerxes
Hippocrates_Refusing_the_Gifts_of_Artaxerxes
Alleged Ancient Persian method of execution
"boat"), also known as the boats, is reported by Plutarch in his Life of Artaxerxes, citing Ctesias, as an ancient Persian method of execution. He describes
Scaphism
Achaemenid satrap and pretender to throne (died 329 BC)
Old Persian name *Bayaçā ("protecting from fear"). Artaxerxes is the Latin form of the Greek Artaxérxes (Αρταξέρξης), itself from the Old Persian Artaxšaçā
Bessus
Achaemenid Empire Queen consort
affairs during the long reign of their son Artaxerxes I. She died in early 424 BC, aged nearly ninety, with Artaxerxes himself dying soon after. "Amastris,
Amestris
380–343 BC ancient Egyptian dynasty
avoided the Persian reconquest because Artaxerxes III was forced to consolidate his control of the realm. Artaxerxes then attempted an unsuccessful invasion
Thirtieth_Dynasty_of_Egypt
Pharaoh of Egypt from 51 to 30 BC
II Petubastis III Darius the Great Psammetichus IV Inaros II Xerxes I Artaxerxes I Darius II XXVIII Amyrtaeus XXIX Nepherites I Hakor Psammuthes Nepherites
Cleopatra
Son of Artaxerxes II
Achaemenid prince, the eldest son of Artaxerxes II of Persia by his consort Stateira. According to Plutarch's Life of Artaxerxes, Darius was recognised at the
Darius_(son_of_Artaxerxes_II)
Persian military campaign against the Cadusii (385 BC)
The Cadusian Campaign was a military campaign of King Artaxerxes II of Persia in 385 BC against the Cadusii. The origins of the campaign are not attested
Cadusian campaign of Artaxerxes II
Cadusian_campaign_of_Artaxerxes_II
4th-century BC Persian satrap of Hellespontine Phrygia
but in 356 BC he refused obedience to the new Persian king, Artaxerxes III. Artaxerxes had ordered the disbanding of all the satrapal armies of Asia
Artabazos_II
Greek philosopher, historian, and soldier (c.430–355/354 BC)
the Younger, Cyrus's failed campaign to claim the Persian throne from Artaxerxes II of Persia, and the return of Greek mercenaries after Cyrus's death
Xenophon
Ancient Persian military campaign (340/339 BC)
inauspiciously when Artaxerxes lost some troops to quicksand at Barathra, and the fortress of Pelusium resisted an attempt to take it. Artaxerxes deployed three
Second Achaemenid conquest of Egypt
Second_Achaemenid_conquest_of_Egypt
Highest deity of Zoroastrianism
reign of Artaxerxes II (c. 405/404–358 BC), Ahura Mazda was worshipped and invoked alone in all extant royal inscriptions. With Artaxerxes II, Ahura
Ahura_Mazda
Persian Queen, wife of Darius II, mother of Artaxerxes II
children, including Artaxerxes II and Cyrus the Younger. Ancient sources sometimes mistakenly describe her as a daughter of Artaxerxes I, but modern scholarship
Parysatis
525–404 BC Achaemenid province (satrapy)
Nevertheless, Artaxerxes eventually had Inaros executed, although exactly how and when is a matter of dispute. Artaxerxes died in 424 BC. Artaxerxes successor
Twenty-seventh Dynasty of Egypt
Twenty-seventh_Dynasty_of_Egypt
4th-century BC Persian prince
with concubines by 4th century BCE Achaemenid ruler and King of Kings, Artaxerxes II Mnemon. Despite his illegitimate legal status, Arsames was loved by
Arsames (son of Artaxerxes II)
Arsames_(son_of_Artaxerxes_II)
401 BC battle between Cyrus the Younger and Artaxerxes II
the left flank. Inversely, Artaxerxes II placed his left on the river, with a unit of cavalry supporting it also. Artaxerxes was in the center of his line
Battle_of_Cunaxa
Persian prince, son of Artaxerxes II
died between 360 and 358 BC) was one of the three legitimate sons of Artaxerxes II of Persia. He was, after the death of his eldest brother Darius, driven
Ariaspes
373 BC battle to restore Egypt to Persian rule
of that plan, Artaxerxes concluded a peace treaty with the Athenians. Under this treaty, Egypt lost a valuable ally. After King Artaxerxes concluded his
Battle_of_Pelusium_(373_BC)
Species of fish
Haplochromis artaxerxes was a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Victoria where it is only known from the Napoleon Gulf, in Uganda. This species can reach
Haplochromis_artaxerxes
4th-century BC Phoenician king of Sidon
ruler Artaxerxes III, the Phoenicians declared their independence from Persian rule. This was also followed by rulers of Anatolia and Cyprus. Artaxerxes initiated
Tennes
Ancient wife of Cyrus the Younger
Battle of Cunaxa. She then fell into the hands of his rival and brother Artaxerxes II, and became his wife. Contemporary accounts by the writer Xenophon
Aspasia_of_Phocaea
Bactrian nobleman, military officer and satrap (died 344 BC)
the town of Pergamon, but eventually reconciled with Artaxerxes II's son and successor Artaxerxes III (r. 358–338 BC) and gave him back the town. Orontes
Orontes_I
Second son of Xerxes I of Persia
was assassinated by the vizier Artabanus, Hystaspes' younger brother Artaxerxes I ascended the throne. According to Diodorus of Sicily, Hystaspes was
Hystaspes_(son_of_Xerxes_I)
Ancient Persian royal dynasty
Against Timotheus, xlix.3; Plutarch, Life of Artaxerxes, §24. Diodorus, xv.90. Plutarch, Life of Artaxerxes, §26-30; Justin, x.1-3; Aeolian, Varieties of
Achaemenid_dynasty
Last native Egyptian pharaoh
forces of Artaxerxes III, Mentor opened communication with the Persians in collusion with Tennes. At the end of 344 BC, ambassadors of Artaxerxes III arrived
Nectanebo_II
Central figure of the biblical Book of Nehemiah
the autonomous province of Judea within the Achaemenid Empire, under Artaxerxes I (465–424 BC). The historicity of Nehemiah, his mission, and the Nehemiah
Nehemiah
Proclamation by Cyrus II of Persia in 539 BCE
Jerusalem. And in the days of Artaxerxes wrote Bishlam, Mithredath, Tabeel, and the rest of his companions, unto Artaxerxes king of Persia; and the writing
Edict_of_Cyrus
Wife of Alexander the Great
Parysatis (Ancient Greek: Παρύσατις), the youngest daughter of Artaxerxes III of Persia, married Alexander the Great in 324 BC at the Susa weddings. She
Parysatis_II
Stoic philosopher, Roman emperor from 161 to 180
II Petubastis III Darius the Great Psammetichus IV Inaros II Xerxes I Artaxerxes I Darius II XXVIII Amyrtaeus XXIX Nepherites I Hakor Psammuthes Nepherites
Marcus_Aurelius
Iranian goddess
the introduction of cultic statues of Anahita under the Achaemenid king Artaxerxes II; later, in the Sasanian period, an iconoclastic movement eliminated
Anahita
Book of the Hebrew Bible and the Christian Old Testament
Ahasuerus as either Artaxerxes I (reigned 465 to 424 BCE) or Artaxerxes II (reigned 404 to 358 BCE). On his accession, however, Artaxerxes II lost Egypt to
Book_of_Esther
4th-century BC Achaemenid satrap of Cappadocia
Camissares by a Paphlagonian mother. His father being satrap of Cilicia under Artaxerxes II, and high in the favour of that monarch, Datames became one of the
Datames
Persian Achaemenid Empire vizier (died 336 BC)
end of Artaxerxes III's reign (Diod. xvi. 50; cf. Didymus, Comm. in Demosth. Phil. vi. 5). Arses of Persia was the youngest son of Artaxerxes III and
Bagoas
Biographies of famous Greeks and Romans by Plutarch
Cicero. There are also four singular Lives, recounting the stories of Artaxerxes, Aratus, Galba, and Otho. Traces of other biographies point to an additional
Parallel_Lives
Book in the Hebrew Bible
seventh year of king Artaxerxes, while Nehemiah 2#Verses 1–8:1–9 has Nehemiah arriving in Artaxerxes' twentieth year. If this was Artaxerxes I (465–424 BCE)
Ezra–Nehemiah
4th-century BC Persian military general
Minor (modern-day Turkey). He was a son of that Darius who was son of Artaxerxes II and Stateira. He was killed during the battle. Arrian, The Anabasis
Arbupales
Deuterocanonical (apocryphal) book of the Old Testament
disposition." Unlike Cambyses, Artaxerxes's reign was long enough to fit the events of this book. However, Artaxerxes III's western campaign occurred
Book_of_Judith
Rebellion by satraps against Achaemenid king Artaxerxes II (372–362 BC)
son Mithridates to Artaxerxes, who had Ariobarzanes crucified. Source: Orontes was the son of Artasuras and married to Artaxerxes' daughter Rhodogunê
Great_Satraps'_Revolt
Ancient Lycian inscription in Anatolia
the reign of the Persian king, Artaxerxes, but does not say which Artaxerxes: In the month Siwan, year 1 of King Artaxerxes. In the fortress of Arñna (Xanthos)
Letoon_trilingual
Species of moth
Apiletria artaxerxes is a moth in the family Autostichidae. It was described by László Anthony Gozmány in 1965. It is found in Iran. Savela, Markku. "Apiletria
Apiletria_artaxerxes
Egyptian pharaoh from 404 to 399 BC
III), led a rebellion between 465 BC and 463 BC against the Satrap of Artaxerxes I. He is known from Aramaic and ancient Greek sources, and is mentioned
Amyrtaeus
4th-century BC Greek soldier and mercenary
the satraps, he was unable to defeat Artaxerxes' army, and was captured in 346 BC. Upon his capture, Artaxerxes evidently recognized Mentor's skills,
Mentor_of_Rhodes
Satrap of Caria from 377 BCE to 353 BCE
which many satraps in the west of the Achaemenid Empire rebelled against Artaxerxes II Memnon, mostly during the 360s BCE. The Revolt of the Satraps, also
Mausolus
Historical and opposition flag of Iran
motif appeared in several forms. One such example is a seal depicting Artaxerxes II accompanied by Anahita, with the latter riding a lion with a sun symbolising
Lion_and_Sun_flag
Book of the Bible
the dates of Nehemiah's mission: It is commonly accepted that "Artaxerxes" was Artaxerxes I (there were two later kings of the same name), and that Nehemiah's
Book_of_Nehemiah
Character in the Book of Esther; queen of Persia
Artaxerxes II of Persia. Jacob Hoschander, supporting the traditional identification, suggested that Vashti may be identical to a wife of Artaxerxes mentioned
Vashti
Servant whose task is to pour, (taste) and serve the drinks at the royal table
Nehemiah rose to the high ranking palace position of cupbearer to King Artaxerxes, the sixth King of the Median / Persian Empire. The position placed his
Cupbearer
Daughter of Artaxerxes II, wife of Orontes I
a Persian princess from the Achaemenid dynasty, who was a daughter of Artaxerxes II (r. 404–358 BC). Following the Battle of Cunaxa in 401 BC, she was
Rhodogune (daughter of Artaxerxes II)
Rhodogune_(daughter_of_Artaxerxes_II)
Egypt. His birth name was Ochus. 423–405 BC Artaxerxes II King of Persia. Ruling for 47 years, Artaxerxes II was the longest reigning Achaemenid king
List_of_Achaemenid_emperors
Achaemenid princess
powerful women during Artaxerxes' reign. Near 445 BCE, her husband Megabyzus started a successful revolt in Syria against Artaxerxes I. Initially, Amytis
Amytis_(daughter_of_Xerxes_I)
Historical fiction novel
401 BC, in which Prince Cyrus the Younger challenges his elder brother Artaxerxes II to the throne of the Achaemenid Empire. Part II describes the aftermath
The_Falcon_of_Sparta
5th century BC Egyptian ruler
actions started a revolt in Egypt at the beginning of the reign of King Artaxerxes I of Persia, following the assassination of king Xerxes I. The Athenian
Inaros_II
Figure in the deuterocanonical Book of Judith
historical references to a "Holofernes" in the army of the Achaemenid emperor Artaxerxes III, which has led some to speculate that this is the Holofernes described
Holofernes
Period of ancient Egyptian history
II Petubastis III Darius the Great Psammetichus IV Inaros II Xerxes I Artaxerxes I Darius II XXVIII Amyrtaeus XXIX Nepherites I Hakor Psammuthes Nepherites
Dynasty_0
18th-century English composer
Cambridge University Press. pp. 628–629. Artaxerxes Archived 7 June 2007 at the Wayback Machine "Arne: Artaxerxes". The Mozartists. Retrieved 19 June 2024
Thomas_Arne
Ancient Iranian tribe
by the satrap Tiribazus. Artaxerxes II himself was forced to march on foot. In the 350s BC, during the reign of Artaxerxes III (r. 358–338 BC), another
Cadusii
Species of butterfly
The northern brown argus (Aricia artaxerxes) is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found throughout much of the Palearctic realm. A. a. allous
Northern_brown_argus
Villain in the Book of Esther
identified as Xerxes I (died 465 BCE) but traditionally equated with Artaxerxes I or Artaxerxes II. His epithet, Agagite, indicates that Haman was a descendant
Haman
an Achaemenid queen, consort of the Persian king Artaxerxes II. She was the daughter of Artaxerxes II. Her father bethrothed her to Tiribazus. However
Amestris (daughter of Artaxerxes II)
Amestris_(daughter_of_Artaxerxes_II)
Persian Satrap of Lydia and Ionia (445–395 BC)
invasion of Greece. His sister, Stateira, would become Queen-Consort for Artaxerxes II. His brother, Terituchmes, succeeded his father as satrap of Hyrcania
Tissaphernes
Egyptian Pharaoh
II Petubastis III Darius the Great Psammetichus IV Inaros II Xerxes I Artaxerxes I Darius II XXVIII Amyrtaeus XXIX Nepherites I Hakor Psammuthes Nepherites
Pami_II
Ancient Greek physician (c. 460 – c. 370 BCE)
refusing the presents of the Achaemenid Emperor Artaxerxes, who was asking for his services. Hippocrates Refusing the Gifts of Artaxerxes by Girodet, 1792.
Hippocrates
Province of the Achaemenid Empire
Jerusalem "in the seventh year of Artaxerxes the King," without specifying whether he was Artaxerxes I (465–424 BCE) or Artaxerxes II (404–358 BCE). The probable
Yehud_(Persian_province)
Nephew of Persian king Artaxerxes I (died 423 BC)
prince, son of Artarius, the satrap of Babylonia and thus nephew of king Artaxerxes I. Around 445 BC he commanded the Persian army against the rebel satrap
Menostanes
Achaemenid-era palace complex in Susa, Iran
Darius I's son, Xerxes, and to a lesser extent, Artaxerxes I (465–424 BC) and Darius II (423–404 BC). Artaxerxes II (404–358 BC) partially restored the palace
Palace_of_Darius_in_Susa
5th century BC military conflicts
capture the remaining 20 that faced him in that battle. The Persian king Artaxerxes I had in the meantime assembled a relief force to crush the revolt, under
Wars_of_the_Delian_League
Ancient Parthian eunuch and favored of Artaxerxes II
Τιριδάτης, Tiridátes) was a eunuch in the court of the Achaemenid king Artaxerxes II, described as "the most handsome and attractive man in Asia", and the
Tiridates_(eunuch)
Chapter from Nehemiah in the Old Testament
of the Torah), Nehemiah uses 'Babylonian calendrical names'. "Artaxerxes": or "Artaxerxes Longimanus" 2So the king said to me, "Why is your face troubled
Nehemiah_2
Ancient Greek text
written by Ctesias of Cnidus, a physician at the court of the Persian king Artaxerxes II (404–358 BC). The work's style and value for the study of the Achaemenid
Persica_(Ctesias)
Wife of Ptolemy I Soter
of Phrygia, a grandson of king Artaxerxes II and queen Strateira. Her father was a Satrap of Dascylium under Artaxerxes III and Darius III, and a Satrap
Artakama
5th-century BC mercenary force
to attempt to wrest the throne of the Persian Empire from his brother, Artaxerxes II. Their march to the Battle of Cunaxa and back to Greece (401–399 BC)
Ten_Thousand
Reaction to failure of Christ to appear in 1844
457 BC: Decree by Artaxerxes I of Persia. 444 BC: Decree by Artaxerxes to Nehemiah to finish the wall at Jerusalem. The decree by Artaxerxes empowered Ezra
Great_Disappointment
4th-century BC work by Xenophon on the expedition of the Ten Thousand
the Younger to help him seize the throne of Persia from his brother, Artaxerxes II, in 401 BC. The seven books making up the Anabasis were composed c
Anabasis_(Xenophon)
inscription begins by stating the date as the tenth year of Artaxerxes, considered to be Artaxerxes II, such that the inscription has been dated by scholars
Sardis_bilingual_inscription
Ancient Greek war (395–387 BC)
of the treaty was laid out by a decree from the Persian king Artaxerxes: King Artaxerxes thinks it just that the cities in Asia should belong to him,
Corinthian_War
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