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Form of castle design common in Scotland and England
Z-plan is a form of castle design common in Scotland and England. The Z-plan castle has a strong central rectangular tower with smaller towers attached
Z-plan_castle
Topics referred to by the same term
Z Plan or Plan Z may refer to: Hypothesis Z, sometimes called Plan Z, the first Romanian plan for World War I Plan Z, a plan for re-equipment and expansion
Z_Plan
Castle or towerhouse in the shape of an L
An L-plan castle is a castle or tower house in the shape of an L, typically built from the 13th to the 17th century. This design is found quite frequently
L-plan_castle
16th century Z-plan castle in Aberdeenshire, Scotland
Beldorney Castle is a Z-plan castle dating from the mid-16th century, about two miles south of Glass, in hilly country in the valley of the Deveron, in
Beldorney_Castle
Castle in Scotland
Castle Fraser is a large Z-plan castle near Kemnay, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. It is considered one of the most elaborate examples of its type and one of
Castle_Fraser
Topics referred to by the same term
Z, z, -z, z', or z- in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Z, or z, is the twenty-sixth and last letter of the English alphabet. Z may also refer to: Z (1969
Z_(disambiguation)
Flood control and military fortification barrier
Bridge castle Circular rampart Concentric castle L-plan castle Motte-and-bailey castle Quadrangular castle Ringfort Ringwork Tower castle Z-plan castle Lists
Hesco_bastion
Castle in Aberdeenshire, Scotland
Harthill Castle is a large 17th-century Z-plan castle, about 5.5 miles (9 km) west-north-west of Inverurie, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, south of Kirkton of
Harthill_Castle
Raised bank of land or barrier
Bridge castle Circular rampart Concentric castle L-plan castle Motte-and-bailey castle Quadrangular castle Ringfort Ringwork Tower castle Z-plan castle Lists
Berm
Auxiliary defensive structure outside a larger fort
Bridge castle Circular rampart Concentric castle L-plan castle Motte-and-bailey castle Quadrangular castle Ringfort Ringwork Tower castle Z-plan castle Lists
Redoubt
Pyramidal anti-tank obstacles
Bridge castle Circular rampart Concentric castle L-plan castle Motte-and-bailey castle Quadrangular castle Ringfort Ringwork Tower castle Z-plan castle Lists
Dragon's teeth (fortification)
Dragon's_teeth_(fortification)
Castle in Moray, Scotland
Brodie Castle is a well-preserved Z-plan tower house located north of Brodie about 3.5 miles (5.5 kilometres) west of Forres, in Moray, Scotland. It is
Brodie_Castle
Human settlement in Scotland
it was purchased and restored by an architect. The original castle was built on a Z-plan and is unusual in having one round tower and one rectangular
Ballone_Castle
Booby-trapped stake or spike
Bridge castle Circular rampart Concentric castle L-plan castle Motte-and-bailey castle Quadrangular castle Ringfort Ringwork Tower castle Z-plan castle Lists
Punji_stick
Mesh of metal strips with sharp edges to prevent trespassing
Bridge castle Circular rampart Concentric castle L-plan castle Motte-and-bailey castle Quadrangular castle Ringfort Ringwork Tower castle Z-plan castle Lists
Razor_wire
Static anti-tank obstacle defense
Bridge castle Circular rampart Concentric castle L-plan castle Motte-and-bailey castle Quadrangular castle Ringfort Ringwork Tower castle Z-plan castle Lists
Czech_hedgehog
Type of fortification
facing in all directions, giving a very regular, almost square, floor plan to the castle. Some influence from crusader fortification has been conjectured,
Concentric_castle
Type of barbed wire
Bridge castle Circular rampart Concentric castle L-plan castle Motte-and-bailey castle Quadrangular castle Ringfort Ringwork Tower castle Z-plan castle Lists
Concertina_wire
Central military fortification of a town
A citadel is the most fortified area of a town or city. It may be a castle, fortress, or fortified center. The term is a diminutive of city, meaning "little
Citadel
Asloun Castle is the remains of a 16th-century Z-plan castle located 2 miles (3.2 km) south-west of Alford, in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, of which only
Asloun_Castle
Medieval fortification
A motte-and-bailey castle is a European fortification with a wooden or stone keep situated on a raised area of ground called a motte, accompanied by a
Motte-and-bailey_castle
Camouflaged one-man foxhole
Bridge castle Circular rampart Concentric castle L-plan castle Motte-and-bailey castle Quadrangular castle Ringfort Ringwork Tower castle Z-plan castle Lists
Spider_hole
Fortified outpost or gateway
or fortified gateway, such as at an outer defense perimeter of a city or castle, or any tower situated over a gate or bridge which was used for defensive
Barbican
14th-century castle in Aberdeenshire, Scotland
Cairnbulg Castle is a z-plan castle situated in Cairnbulg, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. It was described by W. Douglas Simpson as one of the nine castles of the
Cairnbulg_Castle
Type of fortified village in North Africa
Bridge castle Circular rampart Concentric castle L-plan castle Motte-and-bailey castle Quadrangular castle Ringfort Ringwork Tower castle Z-plan castle Lists
Ksar
Cage full of rock
Corbeille Leonard ("Leonard[o] basket") for the foundations of the Sforza Castle in Milan. The Maccaferri family produced sack-shaped gabions starting in
Gabion
Tower house in Argyll and Bute, Scotland
Kilmartin Castle is a 16th-century Z-plan castle at Kilmartin, Scotland. Kilmartin Castle is located in the historically significant Kilmartin Glen. The
Kilmartin_Castle
Heavy vertically-closing gate typically found in medieval fortifications
Barry's plans for the rebuilt palace after the original burned down on 16 October 1834; he conceptualized the new palace as a "legislative castle", and
Portcullis
Castle in Aberdeenshire, Scotland
Cluny Castle was originally built c.1604 as a Z-plan castle replacing either a house or small peel tower. Sited in the parish of Cluny, it is south of
Cluny_Castle
Enclosure of palisades and tall walls made of logs
Bridge castle Circular rampart Concentric castle L-plan castle Motte-and-bailey castle Quadrangular castle Ringfort Ringwork Tower castle Z-plan castle Lists
Stockade
Outward structure of a fortification
Petersberg Citadel, Erfurt, Germany One of the bastions of the castle of Copertino (1540), Italy Plan of Geneva and environs in 1841. The colossal fortifications
Bastion
Field fortification made of sharpened trees
Bridge castle Circular rampart Concentric castle L-plan castle Motte-and-bailey castle Quadrangular castle Ringfort Ringwork Tower castle Z-plan castle Lists
Abatis
Fortified structure
A castle is a type of fortified structure built during the Middle Ages predominantly by the nobility or royalty and by military orders. Scholars usually
Castle
Type of fortress in Arab or Islamic regions
with its double wall and many fortifications. Its only parallel is the castle of Krak des Chevaliers in Syria. Examples of other alcazabas in Spain include
Kasbah
Mexico Castles in the United States Castles in China Castles in India Castles in Iran Castles in Iraq Castles in Israel Castles in Japan Castles in Lebanon
List_of_castles
Air defense towers used by Nazi Germany
tower during the battle. These towers, much like the keeps of medieval castles, were some of the safest places in a fought-over city and so the flak towers
Flak_tower
Defensive structure; typically a fence or wall made from wooden stakes
fire and siege weapons. Often, a palisade would be constructed around a castle as a temporary wall until a permanent stone wall could be erected. Both
Palisade
Small medieval fortified keep or tower house
towers against Scottish raiders. Some peles were converted to castles, such as Penrith Castle. Some towers are now derelict while others have been converted
Peel_tower
Weapon that automatically aims and fires at targets
Bridge castle Circular rampart Concentric castle L-plan castle Motte-and-bailey castle Quadrangular castle Ringfort Ringwork Tower castle Z-plan castle Lists
Sentry_gun
Type of stone structure, built for defensive and habitation purposes
many fine examples of medieval tower houses, including Drum Castle, Craigievar Castle and Castle Fraser, and in the unstable Scottish Marches along the border
Tower_house
Fortification
normally in stone, would be described as a parapet or the battlement of a castle wall. In warships, a breastwork is the armored superstructure in the ship
Breastwork_(fortification)
Defensive wall between two bastions of a fortification
curtain wall is a defensive wall between fortified towers or bastions of a castle, fortress, or town. Evidence for curtain walls or a series of walls surrounding
Curtain_wall_(fortification)
Underground structure for launching missiles
Bridge castle Circular rampart Concentric castle L-plan castle Motte-and-bailey castle Quadrangular castle Ringfort Ringwork Tower castle Z-plan castle Lists
Missile_launch_facility
Type of fortification
or irregular in shape. The last blockhouse of this type was Cromwell's Castle, built in Scilly in 1651. Blockhouses were an ubiquitous feature in Malta's
Blockhouse
Small fortification with holes through which soldiers can fire ranged weapons
Association. 112: 15–21. Schneider, Richard Harold; Kitchen, Ted (2002), Planning for crime prevention: a transatlantic perspective, RTPI library series
Pillbox_(military)
Floor-opening between the supporting corbels of a battlement
more common in French castles than English, where they are usually restricted to the gateway, as in the 13th-century Conwy Castle. Within France, machicolation
Machicolation
Type of earthwork constructed in a military context
Bridge castle Circular rampart Concentric castle L-plan castle Motte-and-bailey castle Quadrangular castle Ringfort Ringwork Tower castle Z-plan castle Lists
Defensive_fighting_position
15th-17th century mobile fortification
Bridge castle Circular rampart Concentric castle L-plan castle Motte-and-bailey castle Quadrangular castle Ringfort Ringwork Tower castle Z-plan castle Lists
Gulyay-gorod
Castle in Aberdeenshire, Scotland
Castle Newe was a castellated mansion house, situated in Aberdeenshire, and designed in 1831 by Archibald Simpson. It was based on an existing Z-plan
Castle_Newe
Area-denial weapon
Wayback Machine, March 1963. Turnbull, Stephen (22 April 2008). Japanese Castles AD 250–1540. Bloomsbury USA. ISBN 9781846032530. Retrieved 2018-04-02 –
Caltrop
Defensive bank or wall surrounding a fortified site, such as a castle or settlement
length of embankment or wall forming part of the defensive boundary of a castle, hillfort, settlement or other fortified site. It is usually broad-topped
Rampart_(fortification)
Early modern fortification style built to withstand cannon fire
WorldAtlas. Retrieved 8 August 2025. "Star Forts". Types of Castle and The History of Castles. Castle and Manor Houses Resources. Retrieved 4 January 2017.
Bastion_fort
Defensive ditch surrounding a fortification or town
A moat is a deep, broad ditch dug around a castle, fortification, building, or town, historically to provide it with a preliminary line of defence. Moats
Moat
Military defense formation
Bridge castle Circular rampart Concentric castle L-plan castle Motte-and-bailey castle Quadrangular castle Ringfort Ringwork Tower castle Z-plan castle Lists
Wagon_fort
Semi-permanent facility for the lodging of an army
Bridge castle Circular rampart Concentric castle L-plan castle Motte-and-bailey castle Quadrangular castle Ringfort Ringwork Tower castle Z-plan castle Lists
Military_camp
Place of storage for ammunition or other explosive material
Bridge castle Circular rampart Concentric castle L-plan castle Motte-and-bailey castle Quadrangular castle Ringfort Ringwork Tower castle Z-plan castle Lists
Magazine_(artillery)
Temporary military facility
range of fire support from their own base camps. FSBs follow a number of plans, their shape and construction varying based on the terrain they occupy and
Fire_support_base
Parapet in which gaps or indentations occur at intervals
A battlement, in defensive architecture such as city walls and castles, is a parapet—a low protective wall between chest and head height—in which regularly
Battlement
Defensive obstacle
common feature of medieval fortifications. They were used extensively in castle defenses and military campaigns, particularly during the Renaissance and
Cheval_de_frise
Type of fortification
famous lighthouse at Dover Castle, which survives to about half its original height as a ruin. In medieval Europe, many castles and manor houses, or similar
Watchtower
Castle in Perth and Kinross, Scotland
close to the former site of Weem Castle, destroyed c. 1502. The sixteenth-century castle, built as a Z-plan castle, was the seat of the chiefs of clan
Castle_Menzies
Protective slope built into a fortification
[ɡlasi]) in military engineering is an artificial slope as part of a medieval castle or in early modern fortresses. They may be constructed of earth as a temporary
Glacis
Small tower that projects vertically from a building's wall; often a fortification
year 1300 from touret which meant "small tower rising from a city wall, castle, or other larger building." Touret came from the Old French term torete
Turret_(architecture)
Feature in fortifications
Bridge castle Circular rampart Concentric castle L-plan castle Motte-and-bailey castle Quadrangular castle Ringfort Ringwork Tower castle Z-plan castle Lists
Redan
Fort type
Béjaïa La Goulette Spanish fort of Chikly Island on the Lake of Tunis Red Castle of Tripoli The Presidio de Santiago, founded in 1593 in Intramuros, Manila
Presidio
This is a list of castles in Aberdeenshire. Castles in Scotland List of castles in Scotland List of listed buildings in Aberdeenshire Rose, Hilary (20
List of castles in Aberdeenshire
List_of_castles_in_Aberdeenshire
Narrow vertical aperture in a fortification
of the castle wall, rather than all sides of the castle. In the 13th century, it became common for arrowslits to be placed all around a castle's defences
Arrowslit
Medieval Slavonic fortified settlement
and Czech hrad ("castle" in the modern language), or hradisko/hradiště/hradec, which are terms for gord Slovene gradec, grad ("castle" in modern Slovene)
Gord_(archaeology)
Type of fortification
Bridge castle Circular rampart Concentric castle L-plan castle Motte-and-bailey castle Quadrangular castle Ringfort Ringwork Tower castle Z-plan castle Lists
Sconce_(fortification)
Castle in Banffshire, Scotland
family but in 1499 they passed to the Grants. The first tower of the Z plan castle was built in 1546. In 1590 the widow of the Grant of Ballindalloch married
Ballindalloch_Castle
Major fortified central complex found in historic Russian cities
built in the Russian state. New kremlins have regular geometric forms in plan (Zaraisky and Tula Kremlins). The Tula Kremlin is unique because it was built
Kremlin_(fortification)
Fortifications built during the middle ages
to suit new tactics, weapons, and siege techniques. Towers of medieval castles were usually made of stone, wood or a combination of both (with a stone
Medieval_fortification
Type of gun emplacement
remotely operated twin-MG 131 machine gun Fernbedienbare Drehlafette FDL 131Z (Z – "zwilling"/twin) powered forward dorsal gun turret, with the full translation
Barbette
Castle that is largely defended by water
A water castle, sometimes water-castle, is a castle which incorporates a natural or artificial body of water into its defences. It can be entirely surrounded
Water_castle
bastions preserved as a park Biržai Castle in Biržai Klaipėda Castle in Klaipėda Trakai Island Castle in Trakai Castle and Fortress in Kaunas Lithuanian
List_of_bastion_forts
Castle built on a natural feature that stands above the surrounding terrain
A hill castle or mountain castle is a castle built on a natural feature that stands above the surrounding terrain. It is a term derived from the German
Hill_castle
Temporary military fortified position
Bridge castle Circular rampart Concentric castle L-plan castle Motte-and-bailey castle Quadrangular castle Ringfort Ringwork Tower castle Z-plan castle Lists
Sangar_(fortification)
Sturdy sack used in flood control and temporary military fortifications
Bridge castle Circular rampart Concentric castle L-plan castle Motte-and-bailey castle Quadrangular castle Ringfort Ringwork Tower castle Z-plan castle Lists
Sandbag
Fortified yard in a medieval castle
curtain wall. In particular, a medieval type of European castle is known as a motte-and-bailey. Castles and fortifications may have more than one bailey, and
Bailey_(castle)
Protective dome for housing aircraft
similar or smaller size. Time taken for construction requires forward planning regarding most likely combat zones. If a conflict flares up quickly aircraft
Hardened_aircraft_shelter
Type of ancient or medieval fort in Britain and Ireland
Dundonald Dundrum, County Down Dundrum, Dublin Dungannon Dungarvan Dunluce Castle Dunmurry Portadown Many settlement and geographical names in Scotland are
Dun_(fortification)
Prehistoric lake dwelling
County Clare, in the Irish National Heritage Park, County Wexford and at Castle Espie, County Down. In Scotland there are reconstructions at the "Scottish
Crannog
Triangular fortification
called a demi-lune, after the lunette, the ravelin is placed outside a castle and opposite a fortification curtain wall. The ravelin is the oldest and
Ravelin
Reinforced space to protect people from bombing attacks
Bridge castle Circular rampart Concentric castle L-plan castle Motte-and-bailey castle Quadrangular castle Ringfort Ringwork Tower castle Z-plan castle Lists
Bomb_shelter
Placename element in Welsh meaning "stronghold", "fortress", or "citadel"
Welsh as Caer Seiont from its position on the Seiont; the later Edwardian castle and its community were distinguished as Caer yn Arfon ("fort in Arfon",
Caer
Fortification, usually dating from the Iron Age
Cornish promontory forts can be found all along the coast of Penwith. Maen Castle, near to Land's End is one of the oldest, having been dated to around 500
Promontory_fort
Circular fortified settlements found in Northern Europe
raised raths, sought to emulate the Norman example. Some L Plan Castles, such as Balingarry Castle in Ireland originated as ringforts. This theory is supported
Ringfort
Cold War bunker and museum in Ottawa, Canada
important as an engineering achievement and to the critical path method of planning used in its construction. In addition, the Diefenbunker is symbolic of
Diefenbunker
Opening in a battlement
as possible to reach them. There are embrasures especially in fortified castles and bunkers. The generic term of loophole is gradually abandoned because
Embrasure
Modular concrete or plastic barrier for separating vehicle traffic
Bridge castle Circular rampart Concentric castle L-plan castle Motte-and-bailey castle Quadrangular castle Ringfort Ringwork Tower castle Z-plan castle Lists
Jersey_barrier
Stone enclosure with vitrified walls
Gatehouse of Fleet; NX 589 560 Tap o' Noth, Aberdeenshire; NJ 484 293 Dunnideer Castle, Aberdeenshire Cowdenknowes, in Berwickshire; NT 585 370 For a long time
Vitrified_fort
Fortresses constructed primarily by stone or wood in earlier Japanese history
Japanese castles (城, kun'yomi: shiro; on'yomi: jō) are fortresses constructed primarily of wood and stone. They evolved from the wooden stockades of earlier
Japanese_castle
Roman legionary field fortification
Bridge castle Circular rampart Concentric castle L-plan castle Motte-and-bailey castle Quadrangular castle Ringfort Ringwork Tower castle Z-plan castle Lists
Sudis_(stake)
Military installation to store battlefield supplies other than ammunition
Bridge castle Circular rampart Concentric castle L-plan castle Motte-and-bailey castle Quadrangular castle Ringfort Ringwork Tower castle Z-plan castle Lists
Supply_depot
Hole in the ceiling of a gateway or passageway
between levels.[citation needed] For example, the murder hole at Audley's Castle in County Down, Northern Ireland is located not over the main threshold
Murder_hole
Hill castle built on a summit
hilltop castle is a type of hill castle that was built on the summit of a hill or mountain. In the latter case it may be termed a mountaintop castle. The
Hilltop_castle
Type of fortification structure
Hurst Castle, Lymington, England Kyiv fortress Petersberg Citadel, Erfurt, Germany Poznań Fortress, Poland Sevastopol (Ukraine) Southsea Castle Spandau
Caponier
Type of barrier used to protect structures against damage from explosions
Shiites: Three-mile structure in Baghdad is a disputed part of security plan", Stars and Stripes Mideast edition, archived from the original on 2009-02-11
Bremer_wall
Type of moveable bridge
draw-bridge is a type of moveable bridge typically at the entrance to a castle or tower surrounded by a moat. In some forms of English, including American
Drawbridge
Bridge castle Circular rampart Concentric castle L-plan castle Motte-and-bailey castle Quadrangular castle Ringfort Ringwork Tower castle Z-plan castle Lists
Castros_(Spain)
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