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See searches and references containing YONAGUNI LANGUAGE!YONAGUNI LANGUAGE
Southern Ryukyuan language
The Yonaguni language (与那国物言/ドゥナンムヌイ Dunan Munui) is a Southern Ryukyuan language spoken by around 400 people on the island of Yonaguni, in the Ryukyu
Yonaguni_language
Westernmost island of Japan
Yonaguni (Japanese: 与那国島, Hepburn: Yonaguni-jima; Yonaguni: Dunan-chima, older Juni-shima; Yaeyama: Yunoon-zïma; Okinawan: Yunaguni-jima), one of the Yaeyama
Yonaguni
Town in Kyushu, Japan
Yonaguni (Japanese: 与那国町, Hepburn: Yonaguni-chō; Yonaguni: ドゥナン, romanized: Dunan, older ジュニ, Juni; Yaeyama: ユノーン, romanized: Yunōn; Okinawan: ユナグニ,
Yonaguni,_Okinawa
Submerged rock formation off the coast of Japan
Yonaguni Monument (Japanese: 与那国島海底地形, Hepburn: Yonaguni-jima Kaitei Chikei; lit. 'Yonaguni Island Seafloor Topography'), also known as the Yonaguni (Island)
Yonaguni_Monument
Subfamily of the Japonic languages
standard. Speakers of Yonaguni are also likely to know the Yaeyama language due to its proximity. Since Amami, Miyako, Yaeyama, and Yonaguni are less urbanized
Ryukyuan_languages
Topics referred to by the same term
Yonaguni is the island in Japan. Yonaguni may also refer to: Yonaguni, Okinawa Yonaguni Airport Yonaguni (horse) Yonaguni (song) Yonaguni language This
Yonaguni_(disambiguation)
Archipelago within the Ryukyu Islands
(Yubu-jima) Yonaguni Town Yonaguni Island (Yonaguni-jima) Ikema Bridge, between Miyako and Ikema Shimoji Tarama Ishigaki Taketomi Kuroshima Iriomote Yonaguni The
Sakishima_Islands
Language family of Japan
but some Ryukyuan languages also have central vowels /ə/ and /ɨ/, and Yonaguni has only /a/, /i/, and /u/. In most Japonic languages, speech rhythm is
Japonic_languages
2021 song by Bad Bunny
"Yonaguni" is a song by Puerto Rican rapper and singer Bad Bunny. It was released on June 4, 2021, through Rimas Entertainment, along with the music video
Yonaguni_(song)
Okinawan hand tattoo
(tone class C). Cognates in other Ryukyuan languages include Miyako (Tarama dialect) paitsïki and Yonaguni hadichi. The custom was first recorded in the
Hajichi
Airport in Okinawa, Japan
Yonaguni Airport (与那国空港, Yonaguni Kūkō), (IATA: OGN, ICAO: ROYN) is a third-class airport located in Yonaguni, Yaeyama District, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan
Yonaguni_Airport
Branch of the Southern Ryukyuan languages
one of the two branches of the Southern Ryukyuan languages, comprising the Yaeyama and Yonaguni languages. It is defined by the development of "know" as
Macro-Yaeyama_languages
Branch of the Ryukyuan language family
Islands in Okinawa Prefecture. The three languages are Miyako (on the Miyako Islands) and Yaeyama and Yonaguni (on the Yaeyama Islands, of the Macro-Yaeyama
Southern_Ryukyuan_languages
Distilled alcoholic beverage from Ryukyu Islands
200- and 300-year-old Kuusju. On Yonaguni, Ryukyu Islands' westernmost island, the three distilleries of Donan, Yonaguni and Maifuna produce a variant of
Awamori
Consonantal sounds represented by ⟨d⟩ in IPA
plosives (or stops) are a type of consonantal sound used in many spoken languages. The alveolar is familiar to English-speakers as the ⟨d⟩ sound in adore
Voiced dental and alveolar plosives
Voiced_dental_and_alveolar_plosives
Reconstructed ancestor of the Japonic languages
relationship with Korean and other northeast-Asian languages, argue that Southern Ryukyuan initial /b/ and Yonaguni /d/ are retentions of Proto-Japonic voiced
Proto-Japonic_language
Okinawan, Miyako, Yaeyama, and Yonaguni languages. Furthermore, in cases where individual dialects within these languages contained unique phonemes, the
Shimakutuba_Orthography
Japanese breed of horse
The Yonaguni (Japanese: 与那国馬, yonaguni uma, Yonaguni: Chimanma ) is an endangered Japanese breed of small horse. It is native to Yonaguni Island, in the
Yonaguni_horse
Archipelago within the Ryukyu Islands
Islands (八重山列島 Yaeyama-rettō, also 八重山諸島 Yaeyama-shotō, Yaeyama: Yaima, Yonaguni: Daama, Okinawan: Yeema, Northern Ryukyuan: やへま Yapema) are an archipelago
Yaeyama_Islands
An endangered language is a language that is at risk of falling out of use, generally because it has few surviving speakers. If it loses all of its native
List of endangered languages in Asia
List_of_endangered_languages_in_Asia
Reconstructed language
languages are spoken on the Ryukyu Islands, from the Amami Islands to Yonaguni. All Ryukyuan varieties are endangered; many speakers are aged late sixties
Proto-Ryukyuan_language
Branch of the Japonic languages
Hateruma Hatoma Ishigaki Kabira Kohama Kuroshima Shiraho Sonai Taketomi Yonaguni Another classification based on pitch accents has been proposed. According
Insular_Japonic_languages
Topics referred to by the same term
settlement in Scotland Dunan, the native name of the Yonaguni Island in Japan Dunan, the Yonaguni language This disambiguation page lists articles associated
Dunan
County Wexford, Ireland Yoloxóchitl Mixtec – ? Spoken in: Guerrero , Mexico Yonaguni – 与那国物言, ドゥナンムヌイ Spoken in: Okinawa Prefecture , Japan Yonggom – Yonggom
List_of_language_names
Northern Ryukyuan language
dialects in Ryukyuan language are divided into three large groups: Amami-Okinawa dialects, Miyako-Yaeyama dialects, and the Yonaguni dialect. All of them
Okinawan_language
Culture of the Ryukyuan people
Japanese). In 2009, UNESCO included the Ryukyuan languages in its atlas. The Yaeyama and Yonaguni languages are classified as "severely endangered", whereas
Ryukyuan_culture
Southern Ryukyuan language
speech of Yonaguni Island, while related, is usually considered a separate language. The Taketomi dialect may instead be a Northern Ryukyuan language common
Yaeyama_language
Topics referred to by the same term
Sonai dialect of the Yaeyama language, spoken on Iriomote Island The Sonai dialect of the Yonaguni language, spoken in Yonaguni This disambiguation page lists
Sonai_dialect
River in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan
The Tabaru River (Japanese: 田原川; Tabarugawa) is a stream on Yonaguni, the westernmost island of the Yaeyama Islands in Japan. It runs from a spring on
Tabaru_River
Japanese Ryūkyūan languages Northern Ryūkyūan languages Amami Kunigami Okinawa Southern Ryūkyūan languages Miyako Yaeyama Yonaguni Ainu languages Hokkaidō Ainu
Languages_of_Japan
Set of pictograms once used in the Yaeyama Islands of southwestern Japan
Kaidādzī) Yonaguni: Kaidadi, Kaidazu are a set of pictograms once used in the Yaeyama Islands of southwestern Japan. The word kaidā was taken from Yonaguni, and
Kaidā_glyphs
Commemorative day in Okinawa Prefecture
the Ryukyuan languages (Amami, Kunigami, Okinawa, Miyako, Yaeyama and Yonaguni languages) have been registered as endangered languages by the UNESCO
Shimakutuba_Day
Japanese island chain
Ishigaki, Taketomi, Kohama, Kuroshima, Aragusuku, Hatoma, Yubujima, Hateruma, Yonaguni Senkaku Islands (尖閣諸島, Senkaku-shotō; claimed by China and Taiwan): Uotsurijima
Ryukyu_Islands
Ethnic group indigenous to the Ryukyu Islands
dialects or languages, one possible classification considers there to be five Ryukyuan languages: Amami, Okinawa, Miyako, Yaeyama and Yonaguni, while a sixth
Ryukyuans
Most prominent and distant parts of the East Asian country's physical boundaries
southernmost point is Okinotorishima; the westernmost is Tuishi [jp] near Yonaguni Island in Okinawa Prefecture, and the easternmost is Minami Torishima.
List of extreme points of Japan
List_of_extreme_points_of_Japan
Prefecture of Japan
Island (西表島, Iriomote-jima) Ishigaki Island (石垣島, Ishigaki-jima) Yonaguni (与那国島, Yonaguni-jima) Senkaku Islands (尖閣諸島, Senkaku-shotō) Daitō Islands (大東諸島
Okinawa_Prefecture
District in Okinawa prefecture, Japan
Yaeyama (八重山郡, Yaeyama-gun; Yaeyama: Yaima, Yonaguni: Daama, Okinawan: Yeema) is a district located in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. The district covers all
Yaeyama_District,_Okinawa
Mythical lost continent
certain underwater features located off the coast of Yonaguni Island, Japan (popularly known as the Yonaguni Monument), are ruins of Mu. Modern geological knowledge
Mu_(mythical_lost_continent)
Iriomote, Taketomi, Kohama, Kuroshima, Hateruma, Hatoma, and others) Yonaguni (town on Yonaguni) Yaeyama Subprefecture: 438-1 Maezato, Ishigaki-shi, Okinawa-ken
Yaeyama_Subprefecture
as their first language. Besides Japanese, other languages like Ryukyuan languages (Amami, Kunigami, Okinawan, Miyako, Yaeyama, Yonaguni), also part of
Languages_in_censuses
Oldest attested stage of the Japanese language
Ryukyuan varieties such as Miyako, Yaeyama and Yonaguni have /b/ corresponding to Old Japanese w, but only Yonaguni (at the far end of the chain) has /d/ where
Old_Japanese
Puerto Rican rapper (born 1994)
and "Sea Shanty". On the US Billboard Hot 100, Bad Bunny's next single "Yonaguni" became his fourth top 10 entry and first with no accompanying acts. He
Bad_Bunny
Archipelago off the coast of Northeast Asia
and islands such as Minami-Tori-Shima, Benten-jima, Okinotorishima, and Yonaguni Japan in the Paleolithic List of extreme points of Japan List of islands
Japanese_archipelago
Westernmost point of Japan, on the island of Yonaguni
Cape Irizaki (西崎, Irizaki; Yonaguni: Iridati) is at the western tip of Yonaguni Island, itself the westernmost island of Japan. Located approximately 120 m
Cape_Irizaki
Taishū 対州馬, taishū uma Native to Tsushima Island. Yonaguni 与那国馬, yonaguni uma Native to the island of Yonaguni, it is the smallest Japanese horse breed.
List_of_Japanese_horse_breeds
Japanese Buddhist custom
Islands is known as eisā. Similarly, the Yaeyama Islands have Angama, Yonaguni Island have Suruburi. The Korean version of the Obon celebration is known
Obon
Country in East Asia
Besides Japanese, the Ryukyuan languages (Amami, Kunigami, Okinawan, Miyako, Yaeyama, Yonaguni), part of the Japonic language family, are spoken in the Ryukyu
Japan
2024 concert tour by Bad Bunny
Candy B" "Thunder y Lightning" "Gracias por Nada" "Un x100to" "Callaíta" "Yonaguni" "La Canción "Perro Negro" "Safaera" "Yo Perreo Sola" "La Santa" "La Jumpa"
Most_Wanted_Tour_(Bad_Bunny)
Miyako, Yaeyama and Yonaguni peoples. Their languages comprise the Ryukyuan languages, one of the two branches of the Japonic language family, the other
Ethnic_groups_of_Japan
Japanese academic
in 1986. In 1992 he studied the so-called Yonaguni Monument and other formations off the coast of Yonaguni, the westernmost of the Ryukyus. In a report
Masaaki_Kimura
linguistic names. Language portal Constructed language and List of constructed languages Language (for information about language in general) Language observatory
Index_of_language_articles
Croatian Warmblood Württemberger Xilingol horse Yakutian horse Yili horse Yonaguni horse Zangersheide Zaniskari Zakynthos horse Zweibrücker Žemaitukas, also
List_of_horse_breeds
2025–2026 concert tour by Bad Bunny
and for invite-only fans, Jowell & Randy joined to perform "Safaera". "Yonaguni" and "MIA" were performed for the first time in the tour. Celebrities in
Debí Tirar Más Fotos World Tour
Debí_Tirar_Más_Fotos_World_Tour
Artifacts that challenge historical chronology
dinosaur tracks. Actually tracks of theropod dinosaurs, and 1930s forgeries. Yonaguni Monument: An unusual underwater rock formation near the southern Ryukyu
Out-of-place_artifact
Orthography of the Okinawan language
Okinawan, but also for Kunigami, Miyako, Yaeyama, and Yonaguni. Please see its article for other languages' systems. Like the University of the Ryukyus system
Okinawan_scripts
American reality television series
8 "Japan's Atlantis" December 16, 2015 (2015-12-16) 0.63 Josh goes to Yonaguni Island, the westernmost Japanese island on the East China Sea, to determine
Expedition_Unknown
Identifier for a time offset from UTC of +8
Prefecture, Japan, including Sakishima Islands with its westernmost point Yonaguni, western parts of Kerama Islands, and some islands of the western Okinawa
UTC+08:00
Ishigaki, Taketomi, Kohama, Kuroshima, Aragusuku, Hatoma, Yubujima, Hateruma, Yonaguni Senkaku Islands (7 km²) Uotsurijima, Kuba Jima, Taisho Jima, Kita Kojima
List of islands in the East China Sea
List_of_islands_in_the_East_China_Sea
Pacific typhoon in 2015
Dujuan a super typhoon. Right after record-breaking winds were observed in Yonaguni of Okinawa, Japan around 16:00 JST (07:00 UTC) on September 28, the JMA
Typhoon_Dujuan_(2015)
West Palm Beach, Florida, United States (bordering on Am) Yaren, Nauru Yonaguni, Japan Alor Setar, Malaysia Aracaju, Brazil Baguio, Philippines (lower
List of cities by Köppen climate classification
List_of_cities_by_Köppen_climate_classification
Fictional island in Plato's works
Thule Ys Underwater geography: Bimini Road Early Holocene sea level rise Yonaguni Monument Other: Atlantis in comics Doggerland Flood myth Frisland Hidden
Atlantis
magazine. The Hot Latin Songs chart ranks the best-performing Spanish-language songs in the country based on digital downloads, streaming, and airplay
List of Billboard Hot Latin Songs and Latin Airplay number ones of 2021
List_of_Billboard_Hot_Latin_Songs_and_Latin_Airplay_number_ones_of_2021
7.4 magnitude earthquake in Taiwan
Jiangsu provinces. It was also felt in Hong Kong and on the island of Yonaguni, Japan, where it measured Shindo 4 on the Japan Meteorological Agency seismic
2024_Hualien_earthquake
Pacific typhoon in 2024
in Manila Bay off the coast of Limay, Bataan. In Japan, the island of Yonaguni recorded wind speeds of up to 180 km/h (110 mph). In Indonesia, large waves
Typhoon_Gaemi
Consonantal change
language when the aforementioned semivowel is subjected to gemination. In Yonaguni (Southern Ryukyuan) and Maldivian (Indo-Aryan), it has changed word-initially
Fortition
Japanese anime television series
even wears bold costumes to make herself attractive. Hikari Yonaguni (与那国 緋花里, Yonaguni Hikari) Voiced by: Shino Shimoji Hikari is a 15-year-old first-year
World_Dai_Star
Sakishima tree lizard, D. p. ishigakiense (endemic subspecies) (MoE: NT) Yonaguni tree lizard, D. p. donan (endemic subspecies) (MoE: VU) Taiwan japalure
List_of_reptiles_of_Japan
Japanese language and computers Japanese manual syllabary Japanese typographic symbols (non-kana, non-kanji symbols) Kaidā glyphs (Yonaguni) Okinawan
Japanese_writing_system
Latin music recording artist discography
"100 Millones" (with Luar la L) — 9 — — — — — 74 — 143 Non-album singles "Yonaguni" 10 1 5 9 — 95 2 2 31 3 FIMI: Platinum PROMUSICAE: 7× Platinum "AM" (Remix)
Bad_Bunny_discography
Regional airline of Japan
Naha OKA ROAH Naha Airport Hub Tarama TRA RORT Tarama Airport Yonaguni OGN ROYN Yonaguni Airport Yoron RNJ RORY Yoron Airport Zamami KJP ROKR Kerama Airport
Ryukyu_Air_Commuter
Town in Kyushu, Japan
includes all of the islands in the Yaeyama Islands excluding Ishigaki, Yonaguni, and the Senkaku Islands. This includes the islands of Iriomote, Yubu,
Taketomi,_Okinawa
6.4 Mw earthquake in Taiwan
be felt in Hong Kong and Xiamen, China, and on several islands between Yonaguni and Tarama, Japan. Two cars were damaged by fallen water towers in Taipei
2009_Hualien_earthquake
Ishigaki Taketomi Kohama Kuroshima Aragusuku Hatoma Yubujima Hateruma Yonaguni Senkaku Islands - controlled by Japan, disputed by China and Taiwan. Uotsurijima
List_of_islands_of_Japan
Type of agglutinative inflection
Okinawan kaku-na, Irabu Miyakoan kafï-na, Hateruma Yaeyaman hḁku-na, and Yonaguni kʰagu-n-na (all ′don't write!′). In addition to the circumfixal forms,
Circumfix
Commercial airport in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan
Taipei–Taoyuan Ryukyu Air Commuter Ishigaki, Kitadaito, Kumejima, Minamidaito, Yonaguni, Yoron Scoot Singapore Skymark Airlines Fukuoka, Ibaraki, Kobe, Nagoya–Centrair
Naha_Airport
three most prestigious categories. The all-Spanish-language album became the first Spanish-language work to win Album of the Year. It also won Album of
List of awards and nominations received by Bad Bunny
List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Bad_Bunny
While in the vicinity, Dujuan produced gusts of 100 km/h (62 mph) on Yonaguni, a Japanese subdivision of Okinawa. Heavy rainfall in Taiwan reached 628 mm
2003_Pacific_typhoon_season
Island within Ryukyu Islands
the area and never returned to that site. Their ROV was lost in 1997 off Yonaguni Island, the last island belonging to Okinawa off the east coast of Taiwan
Iriomote_Island
List of Asian ethnic groups
group tends to be associated with shared ancestry, history, homeland, language or dialect and cultural heritage; where the term "culture" specifically
List of contemporary ethnic groups of Asia
List_of_contemporary_ethnic_groups_of_Asia
Pacific typhoon in 2013
several areas on July 13, with a peak gust of 217 km/h (135 mph) measured in Yonaguni, Okinawa. The winds downed numerous trees and power lines across the region
Typhoon_Soulik_(2013)
Japanese breed of horse
three other Japanese small-island breeds, the Misaki, the Tokara, and Yonaguni. The Noma was traditionally used as an agricultural pack-animal, and in
Noma_horse
2021 song bu Nio García feat. Flow La Movie
"AM (Remix)" (2021) "In Da Getto" (2021) Bad Bunny singles chronology "Yonaguni" (2021) "AM (Remix)" (2021) "De Museo" (2021) Music video "AM" (Remix)
AM_(song)
(Okinotorishima to Benten-jima) and from 122° to 153° east longitude (Yonaguni to Minami Torishima). Japan is surrounded by seas. To the north, the Sea
Geography_of_Japan
Japanese virtual YouTuber talent agency
included Maria Marionette, Kyo Kaneko, Aia Amare, Aster Arcadia, Scarle Yonaguni, and Ren Zotto. On 9 December 2022, XSOLEIL, the seventh wave of Nijisanji
Nijisanji
Japanese voice actress
Redeemed (2023), Glimmer World Dai Star: Yume no Stellarium (2023), Hikari Yonaguni Genshin Impact (2023), Chevreuse Groove Coaster Future Performers (2025)
Shino_Shimoji
County of Taiwan
States Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States Takachiho, Miyazaki, Japan Yonaguni, Okinawa, Japan List of tourist attractions in Taiwan Taiwanese Bunun Ancestral
Hualien_County
2008 Hong Kong film by Tsui Hark
Jing to the Ryukyu Islands to show her the ancient underwater city of Yonaguni where he has hidden a ring that he will use to propose to his true love
Missing_(2008_film)
Historical period of the Ryukyu Islands
including Yonaguni Not to be confused with gusuku generally; the Gusuku site is a specific archaeology site on Kikaijima. If including the Hachijō language of
Gusuku_Period
Destroyer in the Imperial Japanese Navy
1910s. She was converted into a patrol boat in 1940 and was sunk south of Yonaguni at 23°27′N 122°27′E / 23.45°N 122.45°E / 23.45; 122.45 (Patrol Boat
Japanese_destroyer_Tade
Domestic airline of Japan
Naha Naha Airport Hub Shimojishima Shimojishima Airport Terminated Yonaguni Yonaguni Airport Terminated Shikoku Kōchi Kōchi Airport Terminated Matsuyama
Japan_Transocean_Air
Bump of The Washington Post related the increasing success of Spanish-language songs in the United States since 2004 with the growth of its Spanish-speaking
List of Latin songs on the Billboard Hot 100
List_of_Latin_songs_on_the_Billboard_Hot_100
Japanese manga series
to September 11, 2003. It was filmed on the Japanese Archipelago island Yonaguni. A 2-episode special was broadcast on November 12 and 13, 2004. A second
Dr._Koto's_Clinic
2022 concert tour by Bad Bunny
debuted at number one on the Billboard 200, becoming the second all-Spanish language album to do so. Initially, the first announcement of the tour was composed
World's_Hottest_Tour
Breed of horse
v t e Horse breeds of Japan Dosanko (Hokkaido) Kiso Misaki Miyako Noma Taishū Tokara Yonaguni Extinct breeds List of horse breeds
Tokara_horse
Boat No.39 (第三十九号哨戒艇, Dai-39-Gō shōkaitei) 1 April 1940; torpedoed off Yonaguni by USS Seawolf (SS-197) 23 April 1943; struck 1 July 1943 Yomogi 蓬 Ishikawajima
List_of_destroyers_of_Japan
Airport serving Ishigaki, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan
The airport serves as a transportation hub for the surrounding Miyako, Yonaguni, Hateruma, and Tarama islands. The airport additionally connects Ishigaki
New_Ishigaki_Airport
Argentine singer and actress (born 1997)
May 2021. Retrieved 11 May 2021. "Bad Bunny logra el Hot Shot Debut con "Yonaguni"". Billboard Argentina (in Spanish). 15 June 2021. Archived from the original
Tini_(singer)
Japanese streaming television series
children's parents into allowing them to accompany an investigation at Yonaguni Island. Meanwhile, the ray-like kaiju, Zigra, begins attacking ships out
Gamera_Rebirth
Standard time zone in Japan
easternmost territory, Minamitorishima (153°59′E) and its westernmost territory, Yonaguni (122°56′E). It makes the sun rise before 04:00 at the summer solstice in
Japan_Standard_Time
City in Taiwan
Roadside cemetery Hualien City is twinned with: Ulsan, South Korea (1982) Yonaguni, Japan (1982) Albuquerque, United States (1983) Bellevue, United States
Hualien_City
YONAGUNI LANGUAGE
YONAGUNI LANGUAGE
Surname or Lastname
English, Scottish, and northern Irish
English, Scottish, and northern Irish : patronymic from Jack 1. As an American surname this has absorbed other patronymics beginning with J- in various European languages.This extremely common British name was brought over by numerous different bearers in the 17th and 18th centuries. One forebear was the father and namesake of the seventh U.S. president, Andrew Jackson, who migrated to SC from Carrickfergus in the north of Ireland in 1765. The Confederate General Thomas ‘Stonewall’ Jackson came from VA, where his great-grandfather John, likewise of Scotch–Irish stock, had settled after emigrating to America in 1748.
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : from a Germanic personal name composed of
the elements haim, heim ‘home’ + rīc ‘power’,
‘ruler’, introduced to England by the Normans in the form
Henri. During the Middle Ages this name became enormously
popular in England and was borne by eight kings. Continental forms of
the personal name were equally popular throughout Europe (German
Heinrich, French Henri, Italian Enrico and
Arrigo, Czech Jindřich, etc.). As an American family
name, the English form Henry has absorbed patronymics and many
other derivatives of this ancient name in continental European
languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988.) In the period in
which the majority of English surnames were formed, a common English
vernacular form of the name was Harry, hence the surnames
Harris (southern) and Harrison (northern). Official
documents of the period normally used the Latinized form
Henricus. In medieval times, English Henry absorbed an
originally distinct Old English personal name that had hagan
‘hawthorn’. Compare Hain 2 as its first element, and there has
also been confusion with Amery.Irish : Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó hInnéirghe ‘descendant of
Innéirghe’, a byname based on éirghe
‘arising’.Irish : Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac ÉinrÃ
or Mac Einri, patronymics from the personal names
ÉinrÃ, Einri, Irish forms of Henry. It is
also found as a variant of McEnery.Jewish (American) : Americanized form of various like-sounding Ashkenazic Jewish names.A bearer of the name from the Touraine region of France is
documented in Quebec city in 1667. Another (also called
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a Latinist, a clerk who wrote documents in Latin, from Anglo-Norman French latinier, latim(m)ier. Latin was more or less the universal language of official documents in the Middle Ages, displaced only gradually by the vernacular—in England, by Anglo-Norman French at first, and eventually by English.
Surname or Lastname
English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, etc.
English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, etc. : from the Latin personal name Lucas (Greek Loukas) ‘man from Lucania’. Lucania is a region of southern Italy thought to have been named in ancient times with a word meaning ‘bright’ or ‘shining’. Compare Lucio. The Christian name owed its enormous popularity throughout Europe in the Middle Ages to St. Luke the Evangelist, hence the development of this surname and many vernacular derivatives in most of the languages of Europe. Compare Luke. This is also found as an Americanized form of Greek Loukas.Scottish : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Lùcais (see McLucas).As a French name Lucas has been recorded in Canada since 1653, taken to Trois Rivières, Quebec, by one Lucas-Lépine from Normandy.
Surname or Lastname
English, French, Danish, Dutch, and German
English, French, Danish, Dutch, and German : from a short form of the personal name Matthias (see Matthew) or any of its many cognates, for example Norman French Maheu.English, French, Dutch, and German : from a nickname or personal name taken from the month of May (Middle English, Old French mai, Middle High German meie, from Latin Maius (mensis), from Maia, a minor Roman goddess of fertility). This name was sometimes bestowed on someone born or baptized in the month of May; it was also used to refer to someone of a sunny disposition, or who had some anecdotal connection with the month of May, such as owing a feudal obligation then.English : nickname from Middle English may ‘young man or woman’.Irish (Connacht and Midlands) : when not of English origin (see 1–3 above), this is an Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Miadhaigh ‘descendant of Miadhach’, a personal name or byname meaning ‘honorable’, ‘proud’.French : habitational name from any of various places called May or Le May.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : habitational name from Mayen, a place in western Germany.Americanized spelling of cognates of 1 in various European languages, for example Swedish Ma(i)j.Chinese : possibly a variant of Mei 1, although this spelling occurs more often for the given name than for the surname.Cape May, at the mouth of Delaware Bay, is named after the Dutch explorer Cornelius Jacobsen May.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Matthew. In North America, this form has assimilated numerous vernacular derivatives in other languages of Latin Mat(t)hias and Matthaeus.Irish (Ulster and County Louth) : used as an Americanized form of McMahon.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : from the Middle English personal name Ma(t)thew, vernacular form of the Greek New Testament name Matthias, Matthaios, which is ultimately from the Hebrew personal name Matityahu ‘gift of God’. This was taken into Latin as Mat(t)hias and Matthaeus respectively, the former being used for the twelfth apostle (who replaced Judas Iscariot) and the latter for the author of the first Gospel. In many European languages this distinction is reflected in different surname forms. The commonest vernacular forms of the personal name, including English Matthew, Old French Matheu, Spanish Mateo, Italian Matteo, Portuguese Mateus, Catalan and Occitan Mateu are generally derived from the form Matthaeus. The American surname Matthew has also absorbed European cognates from other languages, including Greek Mathias and Mattheos.It is found as a personal name among Christians in India, and in the U.S. is used as a family name among families from southern India.
Surname or Lastname
English, French, and German
English, French, and German : from the vernacular form of the Hebrew personal name Yehuda ‘Judah’ (of unknown meaning). In the Bible, this is the name of Jacob’s eldest son. It was not a popular name among Christians in medieval Europe, because of the associations it had with Judas Iscariot, the disciple who betrayed Christ for thirty pieces of silver. Among Jews, however, the Hebrew name and its reflexes in various Jewish languages (such as Yiddish Yude) have been popular for generations, and have given rise to many Jewish surnames.French : name for a Jew, Old French jude (Latin Iudaeus, Greek Ioudaios, from Hebrew Yehudi ‘member of the tribe of Judah’).English : from a pet form of Jordan.
Surname or Lastname
Americanized spelling of German Ludwig, Czech LudvÃk, Polish Ludwik, or cognates in other European languages.English
Americanized spelling of German Ludwig, Czech LudvÃk, Polish Ludwik, or cognates in other European languages.English : habitational name from Ludwick Hall in Bishops Hatfield, Hertfordshire, probably named from the Old English personal name Luda + Old English wÄ«c ‘outlying (dairy) farm’.
Surname or Lastname
English, German, French, Jewish (Ashkenazic), Lithuanian, Czech and Slovak (Jonáš), and Hungarian (Jónás)
English, German, French, Jewish (Ashkenazic), Lithuanian, Czech and Slovak (Jonáš), and Hungarian (Jónás) : from a medieval personal name, which comes from the Hebrew male personal name Yona, meaning ‘dove’. In the book of the Bible which bears his name, Jonah was appointed by God to preach repentance to the city of Nineveh, but tried to flee instead to Tarshish. On the voyage to Tarshish, a great storm blew up, and Jonah was thrown overboard by his shipmates to appease God’s wrath, swallowed by a great fish, and delivered by it on the shores of Nineveh. This story exercised a powerful hold on the popular imagination in medieval Europe, and the personal name was a relatively common choice. The Hebrew name and its reflexes in other languages (for example Yiddish Yoyne) have been popular Jewish personal names for generations. There are also saints, martyrs, and bishops called Jonas venerated in the Orthodox Church. Ionas is found as a Greek family name.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : respelling of Yonis, with Yiddish possessive -s.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : status name or occupational name from Middle English, Old French maresc(h)al ‘marshal’. The term is of Germanic origin (compare Old High German marah ‘horse’, ‘mare’ + scalc ‘servant’). Originally it denoted a man who looked after horses, but by the heyday of medieval surname formation it denoted on the one hand one of the most important servants in a great household (in the royal household a high official of state, one with military responsibilities), and on the other a humble shoeing smith or farrier. It was also an occupational name for a medieval court officer responsible for the custody of prisoners. An even wider range of meanings is found in some other languages: compare for example Polish Marszałek (see Marszalek). The surname is also borne by Jews, presumably as an Americanized form of one or more like-sounding Jewish surnames.As the fourth chief justice of the U.S., John Marshall (1755–1835) was the principal architect in consolidating and defining the powers of the Supreme Court. He was a descendant of John Marshall of Ireland, who settled in Culpeper Co., VA, sometime before 1655.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : patronymic from the personal name John. As an American family name, Johnson has absorbed patronymics and many other derivatives of this name in continental European languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988.)Johnson is the second most frequent surname in the U.S. It was brought independently to North America by many different bearers from the 17th and 18th centuries onward.
Surname or Lastname
English, Welsh, German, etc.
English, Welsh, German, etc. : ultimately from the Hebrew personal name yÅÌ£hÄnÄn ‘Jehovah has favored (me with a son)’ or ‘may Jehovah favor (this child)’. This personal name was adopted into Latin (via Greek) as Johannes, and has enjoyed enormous popularity in Europe throughout the Christian era, being given in honor of St. John the Baptist, precursor of Christ, and of St. John the Evangelist, author of the fourth gospel, as well as others of the nearly one thousand other Christian saints of the name. Some of the principal forms of the personal name in other European languages are Welsh Ieuan, Evan, Siôn, and Ioan; Scottish Ia(i)n; Irish Séan; German Johann, Johannes, Hans; Dutch Jan; French Jean; Italian Giovanni, Gianni, Ianni; Spanish Juan; Portuguese João; Greek IÅannÄ“s (vernacular Yannis); Czech Jan; Russian Ivan. Polish has surnames both from the western Slavic form Jan and from the eastern Slavic form Iwan. There were a number of different forms of the name in Middle English, including Jan(e), a male name (see Jane); Jen (see Jenkin); Jon(e) (see Jones); and Han(n) (see Hann). There were also various Middle English feminine versions of this name (e.g. Joan, Jehan), and some of these were indistinguishable from masculine forms. The distinction on grounds of gender between John and Joan was not firmly established in English until the 17th century. It was even later that Jean and Jane were specialized as specifically feminine names in English; bearers of these surnames and their derivatives are more likely to derive them from a male ancestor than a female. As a surname in the British Isles, John is particularly frequent in Wales, where it is a late formation representing Welsh Siôn rather than the older form Ieuan (which gave rise to the surname Evan). As an American family name this form has absorbed various cognates from continental European languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988.)
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Jacob. As an American surname this name has absorbed cognates from other languages, for example Danish, Norwegian, and Dutch Jacobsen and Swedish Jacobsson.
Surname or Lastname
Scottish (of Norman origin)
Scottish (of Norman origin) : habitational name from any of various places in northern France named with Old Norse hagi ‘enclosure’, a word with cognates in most Germanic languages. Compare Hay.English : variant spelling of Haigh.Irish (County Cavan) : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Thaidhg (see McCaig).
Surname or Lastname
English and Dutch
English and Dutch : from Latin Marcus, the personal name of St. Mark the Evangelist, author of the second Gospel. The name was borne also by a number of other early Christian saints. Marcus was an old Roman name, of uncertain (possibly non-Italic) etymology; it may have some connection with the name of the war god Mars. Compare Martin. The personal name was not as popular in England in the Middle Ages as it was on the Continent, especially in Italy, where the evangelist became the patron of Venice and the Venetian Republic, and was allegedly buried at Aquileia. As an American family name, this has absorbed cognate and similar names from other European languages, including Greek Markos and Slavic Marek.English, German, and Dutch (van der Mark) : topographic name for someone who lived on a boundary between two districts, from Middle English merke, Middle High German marc, Middle Dutch marke, merke, all meaning ‘borderland’. The German term also denotes an area of fenced-off land (see Marker 5) and, like the English word, is embodied in various place names which have given rise to habitational names.English (of Norman origin) : habitational name from Marck, Pas-de-Calais.German : from Marko, a short form of any of the Germanic compound personal names formed with mark ‘borderland’ as the first element, for example Markwardt.Americanization or shortened form of any of several like-sounding Jewish or Slavic surnames (see for example Markow, Markowitz, Markovich).Irish (northeastern Ulster) : probably a short form of Markey (when not of English origin).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from a pet form of the female personal name Elizabeth. Compare Hibbs 2.English : nickname for someone with very fair hair or skin, from Middle English, Old English lilie ‘lily’ (Latin lilium). The Italian equivalent Giglio was used as a personal name in the Middle Ages. In English and other languages there has also been some confusion with forms of Giles.English : habitational name from places called Lilley, in Hertfordshire and Berkshire. The Hertfordshire place was named in Old English as ‘flax-glade’, from līn ‘flax’ + lēah ‘woodland clearing’. The Berkshire name is from Old English Lillinglēah ‘wood associated with Lilla’, an Old English personal name.
Surname or Lastname
English and French (Léonard)
English and French (Léonard) : from a Germanic personal name composed of the elements leo ‘lion’ (a late addition to the vocabulary of Germanic name elements, taken from Latin) + hard ‘hardy’, ‘brave’, ‘strong’, which was taken to England by the Normans. A saint of this name, who is supposed to have lived in the 6th century, but about whom nothing is known except for a largely fictional life dating from half a millennium later, was popular throughout Europe in the early Middle Ages and was regarded as the patron of peasants and horses.Irish (Fermanagh) : adopted as an English equivalent of Gaelic Mac Giolla Fhionáin or of Langan.Americanized form of Italian Leonardo or cognate forms in other European languages.The French Léonard family were at Château Richer, Quebec, by 1698, having come from Maine, France.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the male personal name Manasseh, Hebrew Menashe ‘one who causes to forget’ (see Manasse), borne in the Middle Ages by Christians as well as by Jews. Hebrew Menashe and its reflexes in other Jewish languages have always been popular among Jews.English : occupational name for someone who made handles for agricultural and domestic implements, from an agent derivative of Anglo-Norman French mance ‘handle’ (Old French manche, Late Latin manicus, a derivative of manus ‘hand’).
Surname or Lastname
English and Welsh
English and Welsh : patronymic from the Middle English personal name Jon(e) (see John). The surname is especially common in Wales and southern central England. In North America this name has absorbed various cognate and like-sounding surnames from other languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988).
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