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Subphylum of chordates
Vertebrates (/ˈvɜːrtəbrɪt, -ˌbreɪt/), also called craniates, are animals with a vertebral column and a cranium. The vertebral column surrounds and protects
Vertebrate
Clade of tetrapods
vertebrate animals belonging to the clade Amniota, a large group that comprises the vast majority of living terrestrial and semiaquatic vertebrates.
Amniote
Infraphylum of vertebrates
'mouth') are jawed vertebrates. Gnathostome diversity comprises roughly 60,000 species, which accounts for 99% of all extant vertebrates, including all living
Gnathostomata
Organ central to the nervous system
brain is an organ that serves as the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most invertebrate animals. It consists of nervous tissue and is typically
Brain
Vertebrate zoology is the biological discipline that consists of the study of Vertebrate animals, i.e., animals with a backbone, such as fish, amphibians
Vertebrate_zoology
Marine animals with a vertebrate column
Marine vertebrates are vertebrates that live in marine environments, which include saltwater fish (including pelagic, coral and deep sea fish) and marine
Marine_vertebrate
2024 studio album by Anna Butterss
Mighty Vertebrate is a studio album by Australian bassist and composer Anna Butterss. It was released on 4 October 2024 through International Anthem Recording
Mighty_Vertebrate
Paraphyletic infraphylum of fish
conodonts and cephalaspidomorphs, among others). They are sister to vertebrates with jaws known as gnathostomes, who evolved from jawless ancestors during
Agnatha
The domestication of vertebrates is the mutual relationship between vertebrate animals, including birds and mammals, and the humans who influence their
Domestication_of_vertebrates
Vision proteins
Vertebrate visual opsins are a subclass of ciliary opsins and mediate vision in vertebrates. They include the opsins in human rod and cone cells. They
Vertebrate_visual_opsin
evolved in 96% of animal species in six of the ~35 main phyla. In most vertebrates and some molluscs, the eye allows light to enter and project onto a light-sensitive
Eye
Textbook by Robert L. Carroll
Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution is an advanced textbook on vertebrate paleontology by Robert L. Carroll, published in 1988 by WH Freeman. It provides
Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution
Vertebrate_Paleontology_and_Evolution
Paleontological book by Michael J. Benton
Vertebrate Palaeontology is a basic textbook on vertebrate paleontology by Michael J. Benton, published by Blackwell's. It has so far appeared in five
Vertebrate Palaeontology (book)
Vertebrate_Palaeontology_(book)
American professional organization
of Vertebrate Paleontology (SVP) is a professional organization that was founded in the United States in 1940 to advance the science of vertebrate paleontology
Society of Vertebrate Paleontology
Society_of_Vertebrate_Paleontology
Animals without a vertebral column
including all animals excluding the chordate subphylum Vertebrata, i.e. vertebrates. Nonetheless, almost all invertebrates belong to the monophyletic clade
Invertebrate
Phylum of animals having a dorsal nerve cord
mitochondrial membrane protease ATP23, which are exclusively shared by all vertebrates, tunicates and cephalochordates. These CSIs provide molecular means to
Chordate
Evolution of tetrapods to live on land
The vertebrate land invasion refers to the eco-evolutionary transition of vertebrate animals, more specifically of the sarcopterygian clade Tetrapodomorpha
Vertebrate_land_invasion
Vertebrates without legs or fins
Many vertebrates are limbless, limb-reduced, or apodous, with a body plan consisting of a head and vertebral column, but no adjoining limbs such as legs
Limbless_vertebrate
Biological database
The Vertebrate Genome Annotation (VEGA) database is a biological database dedicated to assisting researchers in locating specific areas of the genome and
Vertebrate Genome Annotation Project
Vertebrate_Genome_Annotation_Project
Alternative genetic code
The vertebrate mitochondrial code (translation table 2) is the genetic code found in the mitochondria of all vertebrata. AGA and AGG were thought to have
Vertebrate_mitochondrial_code
Science museum in Valley Life Sciences Building, UC Berkeley
The Museum of Vertebrate Zoology is a natural history museum at the University of California, Berkeley. The museum was founded by philanthropist Annie
Museum_of_Vertebrate_Zoology
Part of an animal that coordinates actions and senses
first arose in wormlike organisms about 550 to 600 million years ago. In vertebrates, it consists of two main parts, the central nervous system (CNS) and
Nervous_system
Paired internal organ in vertebrates
The kidneys are a pair of organs of the excretory system in vertebrates, which maintain the balance of water and electrolytes in the body (osmoregulation)
Kidney_(vertebrates)
Use of mimicry as an anti-predator adaptation in animals with backbones
evolutionary biology, mimicry in vertebrates is mimicry by a vertebrate of some model (an animal, not necessarily a vertebrate), deceiving some other animal
Mimicry_in_vertebrates
Textbook by Edwin Harris Colbert
Evolution of the Vertebrates, subtitled "A History of the Backboned Animals Through Time", is a basic paleontology textbook by Edwin H. Colbert, published
Evolution_of_the_Vertebrates
Focusing ability of eye
Accommodation is the process by which the vertebrate eye changes optical power to maintain a clear image or focus on an object as its distance varies.
Accommodation (vertebrate eye)
Accommodation_(vertebrate_eye)
Extinct genus of soft-bodied sea animals
likened it to molluscs, arthropods, conodonts, worms, tunicates, and vertebrates. This creature had a mostly cigar-shaped body, with a triangular tail
Tullimonstrum
Academic journal
The Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal that was established in 1980 by Jiri Zidek (University of Oklahoma)
Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
Journal_of_Vertebrate_Paleontology
Scientific study of prehistoric vertebrates
Vertebrate paleontology is the subfield of paleontology that seeks to discover, through the study of fossilized remains, the behavior, reproduction and
Vertebrate_paleontology
Eye structure
or crystalline lens, is a transparent biconvex structure in most land vertebrate eyes. Relatively long, thin fiber cells make up the majority of the lens
Lens_(vertebrate_anatomy)
Standard terms for unambiguous description of relative placement of body parts
The meaning of terms that are used can change depending on whether a vertebrate is a biped or a quadruped, due to the difference in the neuraxis, or if
Anatomical_terms_of_location
Gill-bearing non-tetrapod aquatic vertebrates
A fish is an aquatic, anamniotic, gill-bearing vertebrate animal with a tough cranium to protect the brain, but lacking limbs with digits. Fish can be
Fish
Clade of reptiles
appearing early in the Triassic period. They became the dominant terrestrial vertebrates after the Triassic–Jurassic extinction event 201.3 mya and their dominance
Dinosaur
Textbook on vertebrate paleontology
Vertebrate Paleontology is an advanced textbook on vertebrate paleontology by Alfred Sherwood Romer, published by the University of Chicago Press. It
Vertebrate Paleontology (book)
Vertebrate_Paleontology_(book)
Chinese research institution
The Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP; Chinese: 中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所) of China is a research institution and collections repository
Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology
Institute_of_Vertebrate_Paleontology_and_Paleoanthropology
Egyptian vertebrate paleontology research center
vertebrate paleontologist Hesham Sallam. MUVP was established to educate Egyptian vertebrate paleontologists, expand awareness of Egypt's vertebrate paleontological
Mansoura University Vertebrate Paleontology Center
Mansoura_University_Vertebrate_Paleontology_Center
The largest prehistoric animals include both vertebrate and invertebrate species. Many of them are described below, along with their typical range of size
Largest_prehistoric_animals
Vertebrate brain region
hippocampus proper, is a major component of the brain of humans and many other vertebrates. In the human brain the hippocampus, the dentate gyrus, and the subiculum
Hippocampus
This is an incomplete list that briefly describes vertebrates that were extant during the Campanian, a stage of the Late Cretaceous Period which extended
List of vertebrate fauna of the Campanian stage
List_of_vertebrate_fauna_of_the_Campanian_stage
Organ of hearing and balance
In vertebrates, an ear is the organ that enables hearing and (in mammals) body balance using the vestibular system. In humans, the ear is described as
Ear
Genome project to sequence all vertebrate species
The Vertebrate Genomes Project (VGP) is a project which aims to generate high-quality, complete reference genomes of all 66,000 vertebrate species. It
Vertebrate_Genomes_Project
Topics referred to by the same term
dictionary. Skin is a soft outer covering of an animal, in particular a vertebrate. Skin, skins or The Skin may also refer to: Peel (fruit), or outer covering
Skin_(disambiguation)
Cartilaginous tube
lungs, allowing the passage of air, and so is present in almost all land vertebrate animals' lungs. The trachea extends from the larynx and branches into
Trachea
Species of single-celled organism
Plasmodium. Like all Plasmodium species P. eylesi has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are mammals. The parasite was
Plasmodium_eylesi
Group of vertebrates consisting of amphibians and fish
The anamniotes are an informal group of vertebrates comprising all fish and amphibians, which lay their eggs in aquatic environments. They are distinguished
Anamniotes
development of vertebrates. At this stage, the embryos of all vertebrates are similar, having developed features typical of vertebrates, such as the beginning
Pharyngula
Species of single-celled organism
Like all Plasmodium species P. uluguruense has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are reptiles. The parasite was
Plasmodium_uluguruense
Elongated mouth part
either a vertebrate or an invertebrate. In invertebrates, the term usually refers to tubular mouthparts used for feeding and sucking. In vertebrates, a proboscis
Proboscis
Species of single-celled organism
Like all Plasmodium species P. diminutivum has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are reptiles. This species was
Plasmodium_diminutivum
Clade of the first four-limbed vertebrates and their descendants
from Ancient Greek τετρα (tetra) 'four' and πούς (poús) 'foot') is any vertebrate animal of the clade Tetrapoda (/tɛˈtræpədə/). Tetrapods include all extant
Tetrapod
Clade of lobe-finned fish
(ptérux) 'wing, fin') is a clade (traditionally a class or subclass) of vertebrate animals which includes a group of bony fishes and all four legged land
Sarcopterygii
Organism harmful to human concerns
competitor to humanity. Pests include plants, pathogens, invertebrates, vertebrates, or any organism that harms an ecosystem. Animals are considered pests
Pest_(organism)
Inspirational organ of most cartilaginous fish
other gill openings. With the evolution of the jaw in the early jawed vertebrates, this gill slit was caught between the forward gill-rod (now functioning
Spiracle_(vertebrates)
Species of single-celled organism
Papernaia. Like all species in this genus it has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate host are birds. This species was first described in 2007
Plasmodium_ashfordi
Hormone-producing glands of a body
the circulatory system and that target and regulate distant organs. In vertebrates, the hypothalamus is the neural control center for all endocrine systems
Endocrine_system
Innermost part of the vertebrate ear
(internal ear, auris interna) is the innermost part of the vertebrate ear. In vertebrates, the inner ear is mainly responsible for sound detection and
Inner_ear
Species of single-celled organism
Giovannolaia. Like all Plasmodium species P. buteonis has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are birds. The parasite was first
Plasmodium_buteonis
Species of single-celled organism
in all Plasmodium species, P. melanipherum has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are mammals. This species was
Plasmodium_melanipherum
Subdivisions of geological time
Land vertebrate faunachrons (LVFs) are biochronological units used to correlate and date terrestrial sediments and fossils based on their tetrapod faunas
Triassic land vertebrate faunachrons
Triassic_land_vertebrate_faunachrons
Diverse clade of vertebrate animals
osteichthyans or commonly referred to as the bony fish, is a diverse clade of vertebrate animals that have endoskeletons primarily composed of bone tissue, encompassing
Osteichthyes
Species of single-celled organism
Sauramoeba. As in all Plasmodium species P. pelaezi has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are lizards. This species was
Plasmodium_pelaezi
Species of single-celled organism
Like all Plasmodium species P. dissanaikei has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are birds. The parasite was first
Plasmodium_dissanaikei
Brain and spinal cord
exclusively discusses the vertebrate central nervous system, which is radically distinct from all other animals. In vertebrates, the brain and spinal cord
Central_nervous_system
Extinct genus of jawless fishes
Myllokunmingia and Zhongjianichthys, it is considered to be the earliest known vertebrate animal in the fossil record. The type species, Haikouichthys ercaicunensis
Haikouichthys
Paleontology award
the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology for "sustained and outstanding scholarly excellence and service to the discipline of vertebrate paleontology".
Romer-Simpson_Medal
Species of single-celled organism
Carinamoeba. Like all Plasmodium species P. clelandi has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are reptiles. This species was
Plasmodium_clelandi
Otolin is a glycoprotein found in the vertebrate inner ear. Otolin is modified after it is translated, with hydroxylated prolines and two glycosylated
Otolin
1950 textbook by John Zachary Young
The Life of Vertebrates is a 1950 biology textbook by John Zachary Young. The book grew out of the author's attempt to define what is meant by the life
The_Life_of_Vertebrates
Visual sensory organs of cephalopod molluscs
Vertebrate Octopus Cephalopods, as active marine predators, possess sensory organs specialized for use in aquatic conditions. They have a camera-type eye
Cephalopod_eye
Species of single-celled organism
Vinckeia. As in all Plasmodium species, P. watteni has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are mammals. The parasite was
Plasmodium_watteni
Species of single-celled organism
Like all Plasmodium species P. circumflexum has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are birds. The parasite was first
Plasmodium_circumflexum
Genus of early vertebrates
Nuucichthys (meaning "Núu-ci fish") is an extinct genus of stem-group vertebrates known from the Cambrian (Miaolingian series) Marjum Formation of Utah
Nuucichthys
Species of single-celled organism
birds. Like all Plasmodium species, P. relictum has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are birds. P. relictum is geographically
Plasmodium_relictum
Species of single-celled organism
Lacertamoeba. Like all Plasmodium species P. brygooi has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are lizards. This species was
Plasmodium_brygooi
of Vertebrate Palaeontologists (EAVP) is a society for the advancement of vertebrate palaeontology in Europe. The European Association of Vertebrate Palaeontologists
EAVP
Species of single-celled organism
Paraplasmodium. Like all Plasmodium species P. mexicanum has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are reptiles. The parasite was
Plasmodium_mexicanum
Species of single-celled organism
As in all Plasmodium species, P. caucasica has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are reptiles. The parasite was
Plasmodium_caucasica
Species of single-celled organism
Like all Plasmodium species P. circularis has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are reptiles.[citation needed]
Plasmodium_circularis
Lasanius, including evidence of vertebrate biomineralization in both taxa and evidence of presence of complex camera-eye vertebrate eyes in Jamoytius. Redescription
2026_in_paleoichthyology
Species of single-celled organism
Like all Plasmodium species P. vacuolatum has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are reptiles. The parasite was
Plasmodium_vacuolatum
Species of single-celled organism
Like all Plasmodium species P. carmelinoi has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are reptiles. The parasite was
Plasmodium_carmelinoi
Evolutionary trend
bilaterian animals, namely the arthropods, cephalopod molluscs, and vertebrates. Hox genes organise aspects of cephalization in the bilaterians. Cephalization
Cephalization
Species of single-celled organism
Vinckeia. As in all Plasmodium species, P. vinckei has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are rodents. This species was
Plasmodium_vinckei
Posterior opening in zoology
digestive (rectum), reproductive, and urinary tracts (if present) of many vertebrate animals. All amphibians, reptiles, birds, cartilaginous fish and a few
Cloaca
Type of neuroepithelial cell
that apply to the phototransduction pathway from vertebrate rod/cone photoreceptors are: The Vertebrate visual opsin in the disc membrane of the outer segment
Photoreceptor_cell
Species of single-celled organism
As in all Plasmodium species, P. voltaicum has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are mammals. The parasite was
Plasmodium_voltaicum
Species of single-celled organism
As in all Plasmodium species, P. bouillize has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are mammals. Plasmodium bouillize
Plasmodium_bouillize
Australian faunal database of taxon names and bibliographic data
goal is compile a "list of all Australian fauna including terrestrial vertebrates, ants and marine fauna" and create an "Australian biotaxonomic information
Australian_Faunal_Directory
Species of single-celled organism
Plasmodium. Like all Plasmodium species P. telfordi has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are reptiles. This species is
Plasmodium_telfordi
Class of parasitic flatworms
the flukes sexually reproduce, is a vertebrate. Infection by trematodes can cause disease in all five vertebrate groups: mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles
Trematoda
British paleontologist
Christ's College, Cambridge, emeritus Professor of Vertebrate Palaeobiology and emeritus curator of vertebrate paleontology at the Sedgwick Museum, Cambridge
David_B._Norman
Natural history museum in Germany
publishes the scientific journal Vertebrate Zoology. Official website (in German) Homepage in English Website of Vertebrate Zoology 51°07′44″N 13°47′24″E
State Museum of Zoology, Dresden
State_Museum_of_Zoology,_Dresden
Study of the structure of organisms
characteristic of a vertebrate is the vertebral column, formed in the development of the segmented series of vertebrae. In most vertebrates the notochord becomes
Anatomy
Species of single-celled organism
Vinckeia. Like all Plasmodium species P. cyclopsi has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are mammals. The parasite was
Plasmodium_cyclopsi
Species of single-celled organism
As in all Plasmodium species, P. cephalophi has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are mammals. The parasite was
Plasmodium_cephalophi
Genus of Late Cretaceous theropod
interpret their tooth wear as evidence of consuming relatively large vertebrates. The body length and body mass of the hatchling T. rex (RSKM P2416.82)
Tyrannosaurus
Part of exoskeleton in some animals
including arthropods, such as crustaceans and arachnids, as well as vertebrates, such as turtles and tortoises. In turtles and tortoises, the underside
Carapace
Earth's most severe extinction event
families, 62% of genera, 81% of marine species, and 70% of terrestrial vertebrate species. It is also the greatest known mass extinction of insects. It
Permian–Triassic extinction event
Permian–Triassic_extinction_event
Species of single-celled organism
As in all Plasmodium species, P. tomodoni has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are reptiles. The parasite was
Plasmodium_tomodoni
Species of single-celled organism
As in all Plasmodium species P. torrealbai has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are reptiles. The parasite was
Plasmodium_torrealbai
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