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Roman author
Publius (or Flavius) Vegetius Renatus, known as Vegetius (Latin: [u̯ɛˈɡɛtiʊs]), was a writer of the Later Roman Empire (late 4th century). Nothing is
Vegetius
Treatise by Publius Flavius Vegetius Renatus
not be, then, word for word the same as what Vegetius wrote, accounting for the title variants. Vegetius based his treatise on descriptions of Roman armies
De_re_militari
Lead-weighted dart for infantry
has media related to Plumbatae. Image of remains of a plumbata Vegetius Book I Vegetius in translation Archived 2020-04-21 at the Wayback Machine Modern
Plumbata
Latin adage translated as, "If you want peace, prepare for war"
dilemma Vegetius Renatus, Flavius. "Epitoma Rei Militaris [Book 3]" (in Latin). The Latin Library. Renatus, Flavius Vegetius; Végèce (1996). Vegetius: Epitome
Si_vis_pacem,_para_bellum
Military standard of the Roman cavalry
and Sarmatian units in the second century.[citation needed] According to Vegetius, in the fourth century a draco was carried by each legionary cohort. The
Draco_(military_standard)
Roman ballista-like torsion siege engine
fifth century Roman author Vegetius described weapons like the scorpion mounted on carts for campaign use. According to Vegetius, the Roman Empire ideally
Scorpio_(weapon)
Type of javelin used by the Roman army
Retrieved 2011-09-27. Vegetius. "Book I". De Re Militari. Archived from the original on 2021-05-06. Retrieved 2006-08-24. Vegetius. "Book II". De Re Militari
Pilum
Loss of political control in antiquity
Attila. Part II.. Seeck O. Die Zeit des Vegetius. Hermes 1876 vol. 11 pp. 61–83. As quoted in Milner NP. Vegetius: Epitome of Military Science, second edition
Fall of the Western Roman Empire
Fall_of_the_Western_Roman_Empire
Roman military subdivision
Routledge. pp. 46–. ISBN 978-1-135-95513-7. Vegetius, De re militari, II, 25. "Roman Artillery". Vegetius, De re militari, IV:22 "Hence adj. Pălātīnus
Cohort_(military_unit)
Ancient Iranic people of the North Caucasus
Alemany 2000, p. ?. "Vologeses inscription". Vegetius 3.26, noted in passing by T.D. Barnes, "The Date of Vegetius" Phoenix 33.3 (Autumn 1979, pp. 254–257)
Alans
bellum If you want peace, prepare for war — Vegetius, De re militari, preface to book 3. Publius Flavius Vegetius Renatus wrote De re militari (Concerning
Medieval_warfare
Latin treatise written by Hrabanus Maurus
epitome of an epitome, being based on the Epitoma rei militaris of Flavius Vegetius Renatus from around the year 400. The purpose of the work—whether is was
De_procinctu_romanae_miliciae
Cart-mounted ancient siege weapon
ballista, a type of mobile field artillery. According to the Roman author Vegetius (Epitoma rei militaris II.25), each legion had 55 carroballistae (one per
Carroballista
Bow-like ranged weapon
anti-personnel arrow shooters, as in Aigosthena. The late 4th century author Vegetius, in his De Re Militari, describes arcubalistarii (crossbowmen) working
Crossbow
Officer rank within the Roman army
substitutes or lieutenants in case of sickness or other accident. — Flavius Vegetius Renatus, "Book II: The Organization of the Legion". De re militari [Concerning
Optio
Roman catapult-style torsion siege engine
frightening to the Goths. The late-fourth or early-fifth century military writer Vegetius stipulates that a legion ought to field ten onagers, one for each cohort
Onager_(weapon)
Roman archers
archers, both infantry and cavalry units, was the composite bow, although Vegetius recommended training recruits "arcubus ligneis" (with wooden bows), which
Sagittarii
of war, he did not expand substantially on Vegetius' ideas. Compared to vernacular translations of Vegetius in general, Li abrejance had little influence
Jean_Priorat
Illuminated manuscript
summarises material from classical writers on military technology, like Vegetius' De Re Militari and Frontinus' anecdotal Strategemata, emphasising poliorcetics
Bellifortis
Roman short sword; Latin word meaning "sword"
Spanish). Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-14-728158-6-6. Flavius Vegetius Renatus (1996). Vegetius: Epitome of Military Science (in Spanish). Liverpool University
Gladius
Roman emperor from 367 to 383
Milner NP. Vegetius: Epitome of Military Science, second edition, Liverpool University Press, 1996. pp. xxxvii ff Rosenbaum, S; "Who was Vegetius?" published
Gratian
Military campaign in England, 1069–1070
genocide as William was acting by the rules of his own time, not the present. Vegetius, the Latin writer, wrote his treatise De Re Militari in the 4th century
Harrying_of_the_North
Sign or mark distinguishing a group, grade, rank, or function
insignia on Trajan's Column, on a small vexillum or standard. According to Vegetius, the Roman cohorts and centurions wrote their names in the middle of their
Insignia
Defensive structure; typically a fence or wall made from wooden stakes
Carolingian Frontiers: Italy and Beyond, 2024. Vegetius Renatus, Flavius, and N.P. Milner. 1996. Vegetius: Epitome of Military Science. Liverpool University
Palisade
already taking place. Writing in the 5th century, the Roman historian Vegetius pleaded for reform of what must have been a greatly weakened army. The
Historiography of the fall of the Western Roman Empire
Historiography_of_the_fall_of_the_Western_Roman_Empire
exist in Latin and Greek. One of his sources was Columella. He was used by Vegetius. There is an edition of his texts in Teubner (1980), De veterinaria medicina
Pelagonius
King of England from 1327 to 1377
Latin. He would have had access to famous contemporary works, such as Vegetius's De Re Militari, which had been translated into Anglo-Norman, as well as
Edward_III
Instructions on how to fight
strategy such as Sun Tzu's The Art of War (before 100 BCE) or Publius Flavius Vegetius Renatus' De Re Militari (4th century), or military technology, such as
Martial_arts_manual
Professional soldier of the Roman army
foremost fighting force in the Roman world, with commentators such as Vegetius praising their fighting effectiveness centuries after the classical Roman
Legionary
Area-denial weapon
ancient Greek word tribolos meaning three spikes. The late Roman writer Vegetius, referring in his work De re militari to scythed chariots, wrote: The armed
Caltrop
Central army of the late Roman Empire
Prima Flavia gemina; Secunda Flavia gemina. Renatus, Flavius Vegetius; Végèce (1996). Vegetius: Epitome of Military Science. Liverpool University Press.
Comitatenses
Ship-borne siege engine
Campbell, 2005, Siege Warfare in the Roman World (Osprey Press), pp. 18, 33, 67, Vegetius 4.21. Polybius 8.6. Vegetius Epitome of Military Science 4.21
Sambuca_(siege_engine)
Traditional ideology and code of conduct of knights
ancient Romans. For example, the ancient handbook of warfare written by Vegetius called De re militari was translated into French in the 13th century as
Chivalry
Ancient Roman helmet
hoplomachus also probably wore large feathered crests. There is some evidence (Vegetius' writings and some sculptures) that legionaries had their crests mounted
Galea_(helmet)
Organized force intended for warfare
Theoria by Aelianus Tacticus, and De Re Militari ('On military matters') by Vegetius. Taktike Theoria examined Greek military tactics, and was most influential
Military
May 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Vegetius, De re militari, II, 25. Nicolle, pp. 173–174, the espringal is depicted
List_of_siege_engines
Ancient Roman soldier's equipment
made of horn, wood, and sinew held together with hide glue. However, Vegetius recommended training recruits "arcubus ligneis", with wooden bows. The
Roman military personal equipment
Roman_military_personal_equipment
Angkorian war elephant
sophistication of Khmer weaponry comparable to the carrobalista in the legion of Vegetius. The ballista elephant is unique to Khmer civilization: the Khmer ballista
Ballista_elephant
of De Re Militaris, written by Vegetius in the late 4th century AD. Drawing on a miscellany of earlier sources, Vegetius makes frustratingly vague references
History_of_crossbows
Dutch Republic stadtholder and Prince of Orange (1567–1625)
pioneering training methods that drew from classical principles outlined by Vegetius, forming one of the basis for early modern European armies. During the
Maurice,_Prince_of_Orange
Classical-era small missile launcher
mention related weapons. In Vegetius's Epitoma rei militaris, the manuballista, arcuballista, and carroballista are named. Vegetius does not describe them
Cheiroballistra
Ancient Roman weapon
maintained some of the former weapon's penetrative power when thrown. Vegetius mentions the spiculum in his military manual, but some scholars maintain
Spiculum
Roman army after 284
academia.edu/5496690/Who_was_Vegetius Seeck O. Die Zeit des Vegetius. Hermes 1876 vol.11 pp. 61–83. As quoted in Milner NP. Vegetius: Epitome of Military Science
Late_Roman_army
1st-century BC Roman architect and engineer
Prefect of the camp" or army engineer is quoted here as given by Flavius Vegetius Renatus in The Military Institutions of the Romans: The Prefect of the
Vitruvius
1485 reworking of existing tales about King Arthur by Sir Thomas Malory
ISBN 9781317341840. Bornstein, Diane D. (1972). "Military Strategy in Malory and Vegetius' 'De re militari'". Comparative Literature Studies. 9 (2): 123–129. JSTOR 40245989
Le_Morte_d'Arthur
Map of the road network in the Roman Empire
cartographic conventions of the itineraria picta described by 4th century writer Vegetius, of which this is the sole known testimony. The map was discovered in a
Tabula_Peutingeriana
Junior officer in the Roman army
The Romans [De Re Militari].pdf (PDFy mirror). 2014-01-01. Vegetius De re militari, Vegetius, Book II Alexandrescu, Cristina-Georgeta (2010). Blasmusiker
Cornicen
Largest military unit of the Roman army
until the Arab conquest of 637 AD. According to the late Roman writer Vegetius' De re militari, each century had a ballista and each cohort had an onager
Roman_legion
Battle cry
Marcellinus describes Barritus as typical for Germanic auxiliary troops. Vegetius, also in the 4th century, describes the technique as standard for the Roman
Barritus
attacked at night during the first watch. The camp, which according to Vegetius had no ramparts or palisade, was successfully overrun. The army of Coilus
Battle_of_Coilsfield
Name list
French philosopher, mathematician, scientist and writer Publius Flavius Vegetius Renatus, Later Roman Empire writer (4th century) Renatus Profuturus Frigeridus
Renatus
Fatal neurodegenerative disease of cattle
and sheep, which he believed also occurred in humans. Publius Flavius Vegetius Renatus recorded cases of a disease with similar characteristics in the
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy
Bovine_spongiform_encephalopathy
Army officer in Imperial Rome
or sergeant major, although modern renditions of Roman author Flavius Vegetius Renatus' 5th-century De re militari translates the optiones' description
Centurion
State in Germany
with them, and lived before in what is Galicia today. Publius Flavius Vegetius Renatus first mentioned the Thuringii around 400; during that period, the
Thuringia
Roman term for a fortified military base
greatly reduced the area and perimeter length for any given force. P. Fl. Vegetius Renatus has a small section on entrenched camps as well. The terminology
Castra
Pack carried by Roman legionaries
hath no great need of a mule to carry his burdens. The 4th century writer Vegetius advises that: The legion is provided with iron hooks, called wolves, and
Sarcina
1095 Catholic Church synod starting the First Crusade
"Bloodless Turks and Sanguine Crusaders: William of Malmesbury's Use of Vegetius in His Account of Urban II's Sermon at Clermont". The Medieval Chronicle
Council_of_Clermont
Rules and guidelines of military operations
published his "General Rules" in 1521 which were themselves modeled on Vegetius' Regulae bellorum generales (Epit. 3.26.1–33). Henri, Duke of Rohan established
Principles_of_war
Tactical unit of the Roman Republic
field of exercise, will be found easy in execution on actual service. — Vegetius, De re militari I 26 Look up maniple in Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Maniple_(military_unit)
Type of building in classical and church architecture
the Aegean basin, as well as from neighbouring Asia Minor. According to Vegetius, writing c. 390, basilicas were convenient for drilling soldiers of the
Basilica
French nobleman (1136–1164)
he had the writings of the Roman military theorist Vegetius read to him; he then did what Vegetius had done, and the siege ended the next day. In September
William_FitzEmpress
Adapted from Hellenistic siege technology
chosen to be used in the ballista had to be a particular sort. According to Vegetius, river stones were best, since they are round, smooth, and dense. Ballista
Roman_siege_engines
Therefore whoever desires peace, let him prepare for war Publius Flavius Vegetius Renatus, De re militari; similar to si vis pacem, para bellum and in pace
List_of_Latin_phrases_(full)
not address naval or siege warfare, deferring to the De re militari of Vegetius. The author writes extensively on cavalry and infantry, making it impossible
Pulcher tractatus de materia belli
Pulcher_tractatus_de_materia_belli
Breed of horse
expansion into the Netherlands, which had its Frisian warhorse, noted by Vegetius and used on the continent and in Britain in Roman times. Like the Andalusian
Friesian_horse
Extinct nomadic people in Eurasia (4th–6th centuries)
the Huns used, despite a relatively good description by the Roman writer Vegetius. Sinor believes that it was likely a breed of Mongolian pony. However,
Huns
Latin military treatise
also chapters in Vegetius lifted unabridged. The ordering of the excerpts is topical, even when it diverges from the order in Vegetius. In 1580, François
Libellus de vocabulis rei militaris
Libellus_de_vocabulis_rei_militaris
Mulomedicina. The Mulomedicina Chironis is the main source for Vegetius' Mulomedicina. The same Vegetius says at one point (Mul. 1, prologue 3–4): Chiron vero
Mulomedicina_Chironis
Early Germanic people native to Thuringia (now part of Germany)
have first been mentioned in the veterinary treatise (Mulomedicina) of Vegetius, written about 383-450 AD. The text specifically mentions Thuringian horses
Thuringi
Fresh recruits of Roman Army
before becoming a full miles (infantryman/private). In the 4th century, Vegetius describes his ideal, rigorous training, in contrast to the lax habits of
Tirones
Martial arts of European origin
rei militaris, was written into Latin by a Roman writer, Publius Flavius Vegetius Renatus, who lived in Rome between the fourth and fifth centuries. There
Historical European martial arts
Historical_European_martial_arts
Type of artillery relying on a twisting force to launch projectiles
skills needed to produce more complex machines were no longer as common. Vegetius, Ammianus Marcellinus, and the anonymous "De rebus bellicis" are our first
Torsion_siege_engine
Ancient ranged weapon
influential on this subject. Although several ancient authors (such as Vegetius) wrote very detailed technical treatises, providing us with all the information
Ballista
Type of shield used in Ancient Rome
princeps "valour, clemency, justice and piety". The 5th century writer Vegetius added that scuta helped in identification: Lest the soldiers in the confusion
Scutum
Topic in philosophy; something that is the opposite of something else
Corinthians 13:12 (RSVCE) "He who desires peace, should prepare for war" — Vegetius, Epitoma Rei Militaris, book 3, introduction "Give every man thy ear, but
Antithesis
Personal armour to protect the leg
their use among Roman light infantry (or hastati) from Polybius up to Vegetius. These greaves are thought to have been mass-produced by the Romans using
Greave
Concealment in plain sight by any means, e.g. colour, pattern and shape
Mediterranean pirate ships could be painted blue-gray for concealment. Vegetius (c. 360–400 AD) says that "Venetian blue" (sea green) was used in the Gallic
Camouflage
Phrase that suggests that military power can help preserve peace
("Therefore, whoever desires peace, let him prepare for war") was written by Vegetius in his De Re Militari; it is sometimes misquoted as Si vis pacem, para
Peace_through_strength
Type of Thracian light infantry
Nicholas V (1988), p69. Sekunda (1992), p. 24 Xenophon. Hellenica. [3.2.16]. Vegetius Renatus, Flavius. De re Militari. History of the Peloponnesian War [4.33]
Peltast
Fifteenth-century English poem
Knyghthode and Bataile is a fifteenth-century verse paraphrase by John Neele of Vegetius Renatus' treatise De Re Militari. Influenced by the years of English occupation
Knyghthode_and_Bataile
Ancient Roman war horn
711–712. Livy vii. 35, xxvi. 15; Prop. v. 4, 63; Tacitus Ann. xv. 30; Vegetius, De re militari, ii. 22, iii. 5; Polybius vi. 365, xiv. 3, 7. Stratagematicon
Buccina
Sailors in the Roman army
210. Rankov (1995, p. 80) Vegetius, Epitoma rei militaris, IV, 43.1. Vegetius, Epitoma rei militaris, IV, 43.3. Vegetius, Epitoma rei militaris, IV,
Classiarius
The size of a Saracen's band depended on his rank. Vegetius, De Re Militari, Book II, in Latin Vegetius, De Re Militari, Book II, in English Indian Musical
History_of_the_trumpet
Roman longsword
revolt (132–136 CE). The next mention of spathae is in the 5th century, by Vegetius, now as a weapon carried by infantry. The spatha remained in use in the
Spatha
Hand-held crossbow used by the Ancient Greeks
a subject of continuing scholarly debate. Greek and Roman authors like Vegetius (fl. 4th century AD) note repeatedly the use of arrow firing weapons such
Gastraphetes
Calendar year
in the Gothic style. Jean de Meun, French poet and writer, translates Vegetius' 4th century military treatise De Re Militari from Latin into French. May
1284
Roman oath
religious basis for these institutions. The text of the oath was recorded by Vegetius: Iurant autem milites omnia se strenue facturos quae praeceperit imperator
Sacramentum_(oath)
"Vegetius on Roman scout-boats". Antiquity. 64 (243): 402–406. doi:10.1017/S0003598X00078066. ISSN 0003-598X. Retrieved 8 March 2026. Flavius Vegetius
Ships_of_ancient_Rome
History and development of the concept of flags
Roman standard that was widespread by the time of the 4th century author Vegetius was the draco or dragon, a symbol originally borrowed from the Parthians
History_of_flags
Family of ship camouflage
submarine to decide on the exact course of the vessel to be attacked." Vegetius had recorded "Venetian blue" (bluish-green, the same colour as the sea)
Dazzle_camouflage
Son of Hipponous in Greek mythology
Thebes and shouted that Zeus himself could not stop him from invading it. Vegetius refers to him as the first to use ladders in a siege. In Aeschylus, he
Capaneus
be enormous, were people allowed to call Mithraism a Persian religion." Vegetius, III, Epitoma Rei Militaris, 26 * Verbruggen–Willard–Southern (1997), 4–5
Roman–Persian_wars
Element of hierarchy in armed forces
companies, rather than from the writings of fourth-century Roman writer Vegetius and Caesar's commentaries on his conquest of Gaul and the civil war. Military
Military_rank
Ancient Roman brass instrument
instrument. It was used to give signals to the entire unit. The military writer Vegetius described the use of horns to give signals: The music of the legion consists
Cornu_(horn)
Roman fortress
London. pp. 596–598. ISBN 1-84119-318-6. Flavius Vegetius (1996). Renatus, N. P. Milner (ed.). Vegetius: Epitome of Military Science. Liverpool University
Inchtuthil
Polish educator
1929. Knighthode and Bataile: A XVth Century Verse Paraphrase of Flavius Vegetius Renatus Treatise 'De Re Militari, Oxford (EETS), 1935. Między literaturą
Roman_Dyboski
Non-citizen troops in the Imperial Roman army
appear to closely resemble. The late 4th-century writer on military affairs Vegetius complains of contemporary young men joining the "auxilia" in preference
Auxilia
Dutch historian
In 1585, he edited a collection of Roman military treatises by Flavius Vegetius Renatus (De re militari), Sextus Julius Frontinus, Aelianus and Pseudo-Modestus
Godescalcus_Stewechius
Relatively fast march over distance carrying a load
would result in high casualty rates through heat exhaustion. According to Vegetius, during the four-month initial training of a Roman legionary, loaded marches
Loaded_march
Form of military deception
Mediterranean pirate ships were sometimes painted blue-gray for concealment. Vegetius records that Julius Caesar's scout ships were painted bluish-green when
Ship_camouflage
VEGETIUS
VEGETIUS
VEGETIUS
VEGETIUS
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim, Nigerian, Sindhi
The Verifier; One who Confirms; One who Accepts Another's Word as Truth; One who Confirms or Verifies Another
Male
Welsh
Welsh form of Gaelic Ãedán, HADYN means "little fire."
Boy/Male
Hindu
Home, Lord of all
Girl/Female
Indian
Love
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Always Listening; World
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from places named Wing in Buckinghamshire and Rutland. The former was probably named in Old English as the settlement of the Wiwingas ‘the family or followers of a man named Wiwa’, or alternatively perhaps ‘the people of the temple’ (from a derivative of Old English wīg, wēoh ‘(pre-Christian) temple’). The latter is from Old Norse vengi, a derivative of vangr ‘field’. Compare Wang.Dutch (van Wing) : variant of Winge.Chinese : variant of Rong 2.
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, Christian, English, French, German, Latin, Scottish, Teutonic
Northerner; Nurse; Caretaker; Man of the North
Girl/Female
Tamil
Kruttika | கரதà¯à®¤à®¿à®•à®¾
Peacock
Biblical
sorrow; trouble;he makes sorrow or height; sorrow;
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Traditional
Victorious
VEGETIUS
VEGETIUS
VEGETIUS
VEGETIUS
VEGETIUS