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Adoption of a Turkic culture by a non-Turkic population
Turkification, Turkization, or Turkicization (Turkish: Türkleştirme) describes a shift whereby populations or places receive or adopt Turkic attributes
Turkification
Historical process
Qumul and Turfan continue to use personal names of Old Uyghur origin. Turkification History of Xinjiang Persecution of Buddhists Muslim conquest of Transoxiana
Turkic settlement of the Tarim Basin
Turkic_settlement_of_the_Tarim_Basin
State-led assimilation policies targeting Kurdish identity and culture
Turkification of Kurds refers to a series of state-sponsored policies aimed at assimilating the Kurdish population into a unified Turkish national identity
Turkification_of_Kurds
14th-century ethnocultural synthesis in Asia
himself a ghazi. In both the Golden Horde and Chagatai Khanate cases, the Turkification and development of Turco-Persian tradition existed, but with a rather
Turco-Mongol_tradition
Peninsula of Turkey in Western Asia
establish a foothold in the region. Thus, the process of Anatolia's Turkification began under the Seljuk Empire in the late 11th century and continued
Anatolia
Country in Southeastern Europe and West Asia
Turks began migrating into Anatolia in the 11th century, starting the Turkification process. The Seljuk Sultanate of Rum ruled Anatolia until the Mongol
Turkey
Turkish Empire (c. 1299–1922)
Multi-party period (1945–present) By topic Turkic migration Oghuz Turks Turkification Ancient peoples of Anatolia History of Anatolia History of Thrace Religion
Ottoman_Empire
Largest city in Turkey
Armenian genocide during WWI. Due to Ottoman and Turkish policies of Turkification and ethnic cleansing, the city's Christian population declined from
Istanbul
Ethnic group from the South Caucasus
language family) but have been subjected to a process of deliberate Turkification under the lengthy Turkish rule. Of the 103,900 ethnic Laz in Turkey
Laz_people
Abdullah Öcalan's post-imprisonment philosophy
represents a continuation of the Turkish state's long-standing policy of Turkification. The first instances of Turkeyification in Kurdish politics in Turkey
Turkeyification
Historical Iranian region in Azerbaijan
groups. Later on Iranization of this native population and subsequent Turkification since the Seljuq era occurred. The bulk of the population today are
Shirvan
Turkish writer and journalist (1876–1924)
Ottomanism and Islamism in favor of Turkish nationalism. He advocated a Turkification of the Ottoman Empire, by promoting Turkish language and culture to
Ziya_Gökalp
Part of the Syrian Civil War (2016–2026)
new hospital in al-Bab. Some locals describe these developments as "Turkification" of the region. However, many locals have accepted or even welcomed
Turkish occupation of northern Syria
Turkish_occupation_of_northern_Syria
Turkic ethnic group
number of which settled down in the Caucasus and Iran, resulting in the Turkification of the local population. Over time they converted to Shia Islam and
Azerbaijanis
1071 Seljuk victory over the Byzantines
Byzantine authority in Anatolia and Armenia, and allowed for the gradual Turkification of Anatolia. Many Turks, travelling westward during the 11th century
Battle_of_Manzikert
President of Turkey from 1923 to 1938
rights during his presidency. His government carried out a policy of Turkification, trying to create a homogeneous, unified, and above all secular nation
Mustafa_Kemal_Atatürk
Political movement advocating the unity of Turkic peoples
to make Genghis Khan their national icon. The result is an extensive Turkification, especially within the Oghuz sphere, about Genghis Khan's history to
Pan-Turkism
Combined military forces of Turkey
in-line with what had begun in 1913 – accomplished Talaat's demographic Turkification beginning on the eve of World War I. Resuming Talaat's Pontus policy
Turkish_Armed_Forces
Country in West Asia
Transjordan became a stopover for pilgrims. Increasing policies of Turkification and centralisation adopted by the Ottoman Empire in the wake of the
Jordan
Civil war in the early 15th century Ottoman Empire
Economic Ottoman Military Ottoman Topics Turkic migration Oghuz Turks Turkification Ancient peoples of Anatolia History of Anatolia Thrace Geography Regions
Ottoman_Interregnum
1934 Turkish law regulating surname adoption
Surname Law has been criticized for its role in advancing policies of Turkification against minorities and indigenous peoples in the Republic, which took
Surname_Law_(Turkey)
Byzantine emperor from 1068 to 1071
undermining Byzantine authority in Anatolia and allowed for its gradual Turkification. Son of the general Constantine Diogenes and a prominent member of the
Romanos_IV_Diogenes
1916–1918 uprising against the Ottoman Turks
power in a coup d'état in January 1913 and began to pursue a policy of Turkification, which gradually angered non-Turkish subjects. Hussein started to embrace
Arab_Revolt
Abolition of the last remnant of the former monarchy in Turkey
Turkish language reform Westernization Industrialization Nation-building Turkification Citizen, speak Turkish! Sun Language Theory Turkish History Thesis Surname
Abolition_of_the_Caliphate
List of family tree of the Ottoman Empire
Economic Ottoman Military Ottoman Topics Turkic migration Oghuz Turks Turkification Ancient peoples of Anatolia History of Anatolia Thrace Geography Regions
Ottoman_family_tree
1932–1982 government language campaign
languages. The simplification of the Turkish lexicon over time led to Turkification, and attempts to replace foreign-origin loanwords used in literary works
Turkish_language_reform
of Syria Islamization of Egypt Islamization of Iran Islamization and Turkification of Xinjiang Islamization of Bosnia and Herzegovina Islamization of the
Conversion to Islam in U.S. prisons
Conversion_to_Islam_in_U.S._prisons
Turkish military officer (1949-1988)
he viewed prison as a school in which inmates would be subjected to Turkification. Yıldıran beat, coerced and tortured the male and female prisoners.
Esat_Oktay_Yıldıran
Separation of religious matters and state affairs in Turkey
Turkish language reform Westernization Industrialization Nation-building Turkification Citizen, speak Turkish! Sun Language Theory Turkish History Thesis Surname
Secularism_in_Turkey
1964–1965 discriminatory measures by the authorities of the Republic of Turkey
aimed at the Turkification of the local economic, social, and cultural life. A long-term policy of ethno-religious cleansing and Turkification of the economy
Expulsion of Greeks from Istanbul
Expulsion_of_Greeks_from_Istanbul
Adoption of features of another culture
Slavicisation Slovakization Swedification Ukrainization Thaification Turkification Vietnamization (cultural) Gerim "More Irish than the Irish themselves"
Cultural_assimilation
Ethnic group in the Republic of Turkey
Kurds were killed and thousands went into exile. A key component of the Turkification process was the policy of massive population resettlement. After the
Kurds_in_Turkey
Turkish military operations, 1937–1938
political élite tied to the single-party régime", imposing a policy of Turkification, including the removal of functionaries of "Kurdish race" in Turkish
Dersim_massacre
Overview and topical guide of the Greek genocide
000–900,000 Perpetrators Ottoman Empire, Turkish National Movement Motive Anti-Greek sentiment, Turkification, Persecution of Eastern Orthodox Christians
Outline_of_the_Greek_genocide
Policy of the Turkish state
The Republic of Turkey had an official policy in place that denies the existence of the Kurds as a distinct ethnicity. The Kurds, who are a people that
Denial_of_Kurds_by_Turkey
Turkish Ottoman politician (1874–1921)
themselves, provided they execute Talaat and the central committee's new Turkification programmes. That summer came Bulgaria's attack on Greece and Serbia
Talaat_Pasha
Ancient Iranian language
Iranian historic region of Azerbaijan (Iranian Azerbaijan) before the Turkification of the Azerbaijani people. Some linguists believe the southern Tati
Old_Azeri
Ottoman-Jewish lawyer (1862–1934)
spelled Karaso, Karassu, Karso, Karsu and Karasso. The form Karasu is a Turkification of his name, meaning literally 'dark water'. Emmanuel's nephew was the
Emmanuel_Carasso
Turkish government-funded initiative
as a significant contribution to Turkey's sociopolitical process of Turkification. During the Ottoman Empire in 1911, the Committee of Union and Progress
Citizen,_speak_Turkish!
Region in Turkey
replaced by the expression 'eastern Anatolia'. Sahakyan, Lusine (2010). Turkification of the Toponyms in the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey. Montreal:
Eastern_Anatolia_region
Turco-Mongolian aristocratic tribal confederation clan
برلاس, Barlās; also Berlās) were a Mongol tribe which later underwent Turkification in Central Asia, forming a nomadic confederation. Barlas were originally
Barlas
Turkish novelist, teacher, and a nationalist and feminist intellectual (1884-1964)
Islamization of the orphans. She claims that she was opposed to the policy of Turkification and initially refused to take part in the Aintoura orphanage but ultimately
Halide_Edib_Adıvar
population, during the period of the Sassanian dynasty. A subsequent Turkification of the population occurred after the region's conquest by the Seljuq
Origin_of_the_Azerbaijanis
Turco-Persianate empire (1037–1194)
the remaining parts of Anatolia and gradually enabling the region's Turkification. The Seljuk Empire united the fractured political landscape in the non-Arab
Seljuk_Empire
Autonomous republic in Uzbekistan
Federative Socialist Republic and then the Uzbek SSR Mizdahkan Uzbekisation Turkification Madjars 2022 Karakalpak protests Karakalpak: Qaraqalpaqistan / Қарақалпақстан
Karakalpakstan
Ethnic group
Turkish policies. Arguably, this was the beginning of the political Turkification of Tatars (Antonov, 1995). The general tendencies remained the same
Tatars_in_Bulgaria
1073 battle of the Byzantine-Norman Wars
to the crushing defeat of the Byzantines and allowed for the gradual Turkification of Anatolia. Following the death of the King of the Franks, King of
Battle_of_the_Zompos_Bridge
Force of Circassian volunteers in Anatolia
this unique moment in history a false policy of terrorism, by means of Turkification, towards the various Ottoman nationalities. With the destruction of
Kuva-yi_Seyyare
Elevated plateau in northern West Asia
orchestrated by the Committee of Union and Progress as part of their Turkification policies. Today, Western Armenia is mainly inhabited by Turks, Kurds
Armenian_highlands
Overview of geographical name changes in the Republic of Turkey
historic alternatives in favour of recognizably Turkish names, as part of Turkification policies. The governments have argued that such names are foreign or
Place_name_changes_in_Turkey
Turkic ethnic group
of the Committee of Union and Progress started a program of forcible Turkification of non-Turkish minorities. By 1914, the World War I broke out, and the
Turkish_people
Economic Ottoman Military Ottoman Topics Turkic migration Oghuz Turks Turkification Ancient peoples of Anatolia History of Anatolia Thrace Geography Regions
Geography_of_Turkey
Nationally-celebrated festival or holiday
Economic Ottoman Military Ottoman Topics Turkic migration Oghuz Turks Turkification Ancient peoples of Anatolia History of Anatolia Thrace Geography Regions
Bayram_(Turkey)
populace, started the Islamisation, and thus by the standards of the time Turkification, of a very important part of the Greek population. In 1830, with Greek
Demographic_history_of_Greece
Period of Turkey from 1923 to 1945
taken into exile, depopulating the province. A key component of the Turkification process was the policy of massive population resettlement, a result
One-party period of the Republic of Turkey
One-party_period_of_the_Republic_of_Turkey
Ancient Greek city in İzmir Province, Turkey
Matthias (2013). "The 1914 Cleansing of Aegean Greeks as a Case of Violent Turkification". Late Ottoman Genocides: The Dissolution of the Ottoman Empire and
Phocaea
1914–1923 genocide in the Ottoman Empire
Perpetrators Young Turks, Turkish National Movement, Sublime Ottoman State Motive Anti-Greek sentiment, Turkification, Anti-Eastern Orthodox sentiment
Pontic_Greek_genocide
Region in Turkey
Economic Ottoman Military Ottoman Topics Turkic migration Oghuz Turks Turkification Ancient peoples of Anatolia History of Anatolia Thrace Geography Regions
Black_Sea_region
Anatolian princely dynasty
Economic Ottoman Military Ottoman Topics Turkic migration Oghuz Turks Turkification Ancient peoples of Anatolia History of Anatolia Thrace Geography Regions
Candar_dynasty
Overview of Iran's shift towards Islam and Islamic culture
of Syria Islamization of Egypt Islamization of Iran Islamization and Turkification of Xinjiang Islamization of Bosnia and Herzegovina Islamization of the
Islamization_of_Iran
Economic Ottoman Military Ottoman Topics Turkic migration Oghuz Turks Turkification Ancient peoples of Anatolia History of Anatolia Thrace Geography Regions
Decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire
Decline_and_modernization_of_the_Ottoman_Empire
Series of military conflicts between the Ottoman Empire and various European states
Economic Ottoman Military Ottoman Topics Turkic migration Oghuz Turks Turkification Ancient peoples of Anatolia History of Anatolia Thrace Geography Regions
Ottoman_wars_in_Europe
Kurdish rebellion against the Turkish Government in 1924
prohibition of public use and teaching of the Kurdish language, the Turkification of the Kurdish regions, and the resettling of Kurdish landowners and
Beytüşşebab_rebellion
Ethnoreligious group
dialects, such as Cretan and Pontic Greek. Because of their gradual Turkification, as well as the close association of Greece and Greeks with Orthodox
Greek_Muslims
Fundamental law of the Republic of Turkey from 1924 to 1961
1945, the constitution was revised with Law No. 4695 in the sense of Turkification of the language and translated into modern Turkish. However, this recast
Turkish_Constitution_of_1924
Economic Ottoman Military Ottoman Topics Turkic migration Oghuz Turks Turkification Ancient peoples of Anatolia History of Anatolia Thrace Geography Regions
Football_in_Turkey
29 October 1923 event in Ankara
Economic Ottoman Military Ottoman Topics Turkic migration Oghuz Turks Turkification Ancient peoples of Anatolia History of Anatolia Thrace Geography Regions
Proclamation of the Republic of Turkey
Proclamation_of_the_Republic_of_Turkey
Unofficial symbol
Economic Ottoman Military Ottoman Topics Turkic migration Oghuz Turks Turkification Ancient peoples of Anatolia History of Anatolia Thrace Geography Regions
Emblems_of_Turkey
Migrant crisis experienced by the Republic of Turkey in the 2010s
Economic Ottoman Military Ottoman Topics Turkic migration Oghuz Turks Turkification Ancient peoples of Anatolia History of Anatolia Thrace Geography Regions
Turkish_migrant_crisis
Turkic nomadic people
from the original (PDF) on 2020-08-23. Rustam M. Shukurov. "Latent Turkification of Byzantium (ca. 1071–1461)". Dumbarton Oaks. Grubu, Haber Ajansı Yayın
Cumans
Unicameral legislature of Turkey
Economic Ottoman Military Ottoman Topics Turkic migration Oghuz Turks Turkification Ancient peoples of Anatolia History of Anatolia Thrace Geography Regions
Grand National Assembly of Turkey
Grand_National_Assembly_of_Turkey
Economic Ottoman Military Ottoman Topics Turkic migration Oghuz Turks Turkification Ancient peoples of Anatolia History of Anatolia Thrace Geography Regions
List_of_mountains_in_Turkey
Ethnic Greek subgroup
and settlement in Anatolia and the process of its islamisation and turkification began in full swing. The Greek Christian population began to diminish
Cappadocian_Greeks
Tribe in Russia
were assimilated into the Koibal subgroup of the Khakass and underwent Turkification. The Kamasins are now ethnically classified as Koibal Khakass or Russian
Kamasins
World population of ethnic Turkish people
settled across the lands conquered by the two empires. In particular, the Turkification of Anatolia (modern Turkey) was the result of the Battle of Manzikert
Turkish_population
Economic Ottoman Military Ottoman Topics Turkic migration Oghuz Turks Turkification Ancient peoples of Anatolia History of Anatolia Thrace Geography Regions
Health_care_in_Turkey
Turkic nomadic people in Eurasia
practise became so deeply entrenched that, even after the Horde underwent Turkification later on, its Mongolian lineage became so intertwined to a point it
Kipchaks
Turkish-Armenian writer and linguist (born 1956)
time, particularly those changed during the 20th century under the Turkification policies of the Turkish Republic.[citation needed] The project went
Sevan_Nişanyan
Region of Turkey
Economic Ottoman Military Ottoman Topics Turkic migration Oghuz Turks Turkification Ancient peoples of Anatolia History of Anatolia Thrace Geography Regions
Aegean_region
Fragmentation of the Mongol Empire post-1259
Turanism Turco-Mongol tradition Turco-Persian tradition Turkic peoples Turkification Yuan dynasty in Inner Asia As per modern historiographical norm, the
Division_of_the_Mongol_Empire
Municipality in Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan
people, such as Old Azeri—until the eventual linguistic and cultural Turkification of the area. In the southeast of Kilit village, surrounded on all sides
Kilit,_Ordubad
Alleged anti-democratic conspiracy in Turkey
societies were instrumental in Turkification following the demise of the Ottoman Empire. The secret policy of Turkification was allegedly carried out by
Deep_state_in_Turkey
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's relative and girlfriend
Turkish language reform Westernization Industrialization Nation-building Turkification Citizen, speak Turkish! Sun Language Theory Turkish History Thesis Surname
Fikriye
Turkish land armed forces
Economic Ottoman Military Ottoman Topics Turkic migration Oghuz Turks Turkification Ancient peoples of Anatolia History of Anatolia Thrace Geography Regions
Turkish_Land_Forces
Language family native to Eurasia
conquests and the Turkic expansion resulted in the Arabization and Turkification of significant areas where Indo-European languages were spoken, and
Indo-European_languages
Historiographic grouping of Islamic dynasties
Turco-Persian tradition Turco-Mongol tradition Khalji dynasty Pashtunization Turkification Burjor Avari, Islamic Civilization in South Asia: A History of Muslim
Turco-Afghan
Economic Ottoman Military Ottoman Topics Turkic migration Oghuz Turks Turkification Ancient peoples of Anatolia History of Anatolia Thrace Geography Regions
Public_holidays_in_Turkey
Former Turkish regional administrative subdivision
authoritarian rule and to consolidate the authority in the process of Turkification of religious and ethnic minorities. The Turkish Grand National Assembly
Inspectorates-General (Turkey)
Inspectorates-General_(Turkey)
1938 death of the President of Turkey
Turkish language reform Westernization Industrialization Nation-building Turkification Citizen, speak Turkish! Sun Language Theory Turkish History Thesis Surname
Death and state funeral of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Death_and_state_funeral_of_Mustafa_Kemal_Atatürk
Turkish national epic story
Economic Ottoman Military Ottoman Topics Turkic migration Oghuz Turks Turkification Ancient peoples of Anatolia History of Anatolia Thrace Geography Regions
Osman's_Dream
Earliest known dictionary of Turkic Languages
and elegiac. The words from Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk were used during the Turkification attempts shortly after the foundation of the Republic of Turkey, including
Dīwān_Lughāt_al-Turk
Systematic campaign in the Ottoman Empire
"as yet another extension of a policy of social engineering through Turkification". A few days after the outbreak of World War I, the CUP concluded an
Armenian_genocide
Ethnoreligious group centered in Syria
the Alawites of Syria are limited. Community ties were broken by the Turkification policy and the decades-long closure of the Syria-Turkey border. The
Alawites
Forcible expulsion of Ottoman Greeks
as yet another extension of a policy of social engineering through Turkification". Historian Tessa Hofmann argues that "the deportations in Eastern Thrace
1914_Greek_deportations
National airline of Turkey
Economic Ottoman Military Ottoman Topics Turkic migration Oghuz Turks Turkification Ancient peoples of Anatolia History of Anatolia Thrace Geography Regions
Turkish_Airlines
1453 Ottoman conquest of the Byzantine capital
Economic Ottoman Military Ottoman Topics Turkic migration Oghuz Turks Turkification Ancient peoples of Anatolia History of Anatolia Thrace Geography Regions
Fall_of_Constantinople
Ottoman term for mixed Ottoman–North Africans
Mamluks. Anatolian Turks were considered ideal migrants to ensure the Turkification of the region. Furthermore, the authorities initially banned Turkish
Kouloughlis
Historical region in Central Asia
Turanians with Turkic peoples is based primarily on the subsequent Turkification of Central Asia, including the above areas. According to C. E. Bosworth
Turan
Laz regionalist movement
nationalism, also emerged as a reaction to Turkish nationalism and Turkification policies that indirectly banned Laz culture, changed Laz city names
Laz_nationalism
Legislative System in Turkey
Economic Ottoman Military Ottoman Topics Turkic migration Oghuz Turks Turkification Ancient peoples of Anatolia History of Anatolia Thrace Geography Regions
Legislation_of_Turkey
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