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Property regarding whether a lexical item denotes a transitive object
Transitivity is a linguistics property that relates to whether a verb, participle, or gerund denotes a transitive object. It is closely related to valency
Transitivity_(grammar)
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up transitivity or transitive in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Transitivity or transitive may refer to: Transitivity (grammar), a property regarding
Transitivity
Verb that entails a transitive object
intransitive verbs, which do not entail transitive objects, for example, 'arose' in Beatrice arose. Transitivity is traditionally thought of as a global
Transitive_verb
Definite article in English
Frequency Counts: Mayzner Revisited". Kurbegov, Eliane (2007). French Grammar Drills. McGraw-Hill Contemporary. pp. 3, 4. ISBN 978-0-07-147513-6 – via
The
Categorization of nouns and modifiers by function
is the work of Dionysius Thrax The Art of Grammar (2nd century BCE), which represents the first true grammar in the modern sense ever written about an
Grammatical_case
Grammatical concept
verb is present. Subject (grammar) Predicate (grammar) Dependency grammar Object pronoun Prepositional pronoun Transitive verb Intransitive verb Oblique
Object_(grammar)
Grammar of the English language
English grammar is the set of structural rules of the English language. This includes the structure of words, phrases, clauses, sentences, and whole texts
English_grammar
Structure of a formal language
A formal grammar is a set of symbols and the production rules for rewriting some of them into every possible string of a formal language over an alphabet
Formal_grammar
Grammatical category for verbs
In grammar, the voice (or diathesis) of a verb describes the relationship between the action (or state) that the verb expresses and the participants identified
Voice_(grammar)
Number and type of arguments controlled by a linguistic predicate
Valency is related, though not identical, to subcategorization and transitivity, which count only object arguments – valency counts all arguments, including
Valency_(linguistics)
Grammatical relationship between arguments
example. Transitive alignment: certain Iranian languages, such as Rushani, distinguish only transitivity (in the past tense), using a transitive case for
Morphosyntactic_alignment
Class of mathematical set whose elements are all subsets
universes satisfy strong transitivity. Here, a class C {\displaystyle {\mathcal {C}}} is defined to be strongly transitive if, for each set S ∈ C {\displaystyle
Transitive_set
Rule system for formal languages
In formal language theory, a context-free grammar (CFG) is a formal grammar whose production rules can be applied to a nonterminal symbol regardless of
Context-free_grammar
Subject and predicate in sentences
adopted more or less directly into Latin and Greek grammars; from there, it made its way into English grammars, where it is applied directly to the analysis
Predicate_(grammar)
Language of ancient Sumer and Babylon
syntactically in two ways, depending on the transitivity of the verb. An intransitive verb is made transitive and thus acquires causative meaning merely
Sumerian_language
Type of dependency grammar
it has been used to explore case in Greek and Mandarin Chinese and transitivity and ergativity in Amis, an indigenous language in Taiwan and in Proto-Central
Lexicase
Pattern relating to the subject and object of verbs
subjects (regardless of verb transitivity) are marked (in this case with a null suffix) the same for case while transitive objects take the accusative
Ergative–absolutive_alignment
Word used with a noun to indicate the type of reference being made by the noun
In grammar, an article is any of a small set of words or affixes (such as a, an, and the in English) used with nouns to limit or give definiteness to
Article_(grammar)
Verb that does not entail a direct object
sensation, and emotion. The valency of a verb is related to transitivity. Where the transitivity of a verb only considers the objects, the valency of a verb
Intransitive_verb
Expression of time reference in grammar
In grammar, tense is a category that expresses time reference. Tenses are usually manifested by the use of specific forms of verbs, particularly in their
Grammatical_tense
Creation of derived forms of a verb from its principal parts by inflection
possession, definiteness, politeness, causativity, clusivity, interrogatives, transitivity, valency, polarity, telicity, volition, mirativity, evidentiality, animacy
Grammatical_conjugation
Verb that is both transitive and intransitive
Valency (linguistics) Transitivity (grammar) Dixon, R.M.W. & Aikhenvald, Alexendra Y. Changing Valency: Case Studies in Transitivity. Cambridge University
Ambitransitive_verb
Part of a sentence
Grammatical case Object (grammar) Preparatory subject Quirky subject Sentence (linguistics) Subjective (grammar) Term logic Traditional grammar Comrie (1989), pp
Subject_(grammar)
Verb that has no determinate subject
passive voice Impersonal pronoun "one" Null-subject language Transitive verb Transitivity (grammar) Loureiro-Porto, L. (2010). A Review of Early English Impersonals:
Impersonal_verb
Family of theories within the field of cognitive linguistics
Construction grammar (often abbreviated CxG) is a family of theories within the field of cognitive linguistics which posit that constructions, or learned
Construction_grammar
Grammar of the Kurdish language
two stems. Secondary stems consist of a root + suffixes that indicate transitivity, intransitivity, and causativity. There are 3 tenses: present, past,
Kurdish_grammar
Word or phrase necessary to complete an expression
considered Ed quite competent : — complex-transitive verb + predicative complement In many modern grammars (for instance in those that build on the X-bar
Complement_(linguistics)
System responsible for combining morphemes into complex structures
language. The description of grammatical relations can also reflect transitivity, passivization, and head-dependent-marking or other agreement. Languages
Syntax
Approach to linguistics
of conveying meaning and contextual information. Functional theories of grammar belong to structural and, broadly, humanistic linguistics, considering
Functional_linguistics
Grammatical rules of the modern-day Hebrew language
The grammar of Modern Hebrew shares similarities with that of its Biblical Hebrew counterpart, but it has evolved significantly over time. Modern Hebrew
Modern_Hebrew_grammar
Grammatical case
In grammar, the ergative case (abbreviated erg) is the grammatical case that identifies a nominal phrase as the agent of a transitive verb in ergative–absolutive
Ergative_case
Grammar of South Athabaskan languages
a prefix that indicates transitivity or acts as a thematic prefix, and as such is somewhat of a misnomer. These transitivity classifiers are not involved
Southern_Athabaskan_grammar
Verb which takes a subject and two objects
alignment Secundative language Transitive verb Transitivity (grammar) Valency (linguistics) "Ditransitive Verbs @ The Internet Grammar of English". Archived from
Ditransitive_verb
Type of formal grammar
A context-sensitive grammar (CSG) is a formal grammar in which the left-hand sides and right-hand sides of any production rules may be surrounded by a
Context-sensitive_grammar
Grammatical number
Geoffrey K., The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language, Cambridge University Press, Suffolk, UK, 2002 Curme, George O., A Grammar of the English Language
Plural
Grammar of the Georgian language
Georgian grammar has many distinctive and extremely complex features, such as split ergativity and a polypersonal verb agreement system. Georgian has
Georgian_grammar
Grammar of the Japanese language
page on the topic of: Transitivity FAQ from the Usenet newsgroup sci.lang.japan An introduction to Japanese - Syntax, Grammar & Language, online version
Japanese_grammar
English embedded clause type marking non-real possibilities
distinct inflections for mood, an English subjunctive is recognized in most grammars. Definition and scope of the concept vary widely across the literature
English_subjunctive
Linguistic system of noun classification
"10". Test Yourself: Spanish Grammar. McGraw-Hill. p. 85. ISBN 0844223743. L'Huillier, Monique (1999). Advanced French Grammar. Cambridge University Press
Grammatical_gender
Terms describing information structure in linguistics
pp.) review[link removed] Halliday, Michael A. K. 1967–68. "Notes on transitivity and theme in English" (Part 1–3). Journal of Linguistics, 3 (1). 37–81;
Topic_and_comment
Grammatical features of the Hindustani lingua franca
Hindi–Urdu grammar is that of "conjunct verbs", composed of a noun or adjective paired up with a general verbaliser, most commonly transitive karnā "to
Hindustani_grammar
British linguist (1925–2018)
English, called "Notes on Transitivity and Theme in English – Parts 1–3" include reference to "four components in the grammar of English representing four
Michael_Halliday
Grammar of the Dutch language
outlines the grammar of the Dutch language, which shares strong similarities with German grammar and also, to a lesser degree, with English grammar. Vowel length
Dutch_grammar
Russian grammar employs an Indo-European inflectional structure, with considerable adaptation. Russian has a highly inflectional morphology, particularly
Russian_grammar
Grammar of the Modern Greek language
brackets and romanization of Greek according to UN/ELOT rules in italics. The grammar of Modern Greek, as spoken in present-day Greece and Cyprus, is essentially
Modern_Greek_grammar
Endangered Salishan language of the US
expressed by affixing pronominal arguments and morphemes expressing aspect, transitivity and tense onto one verb stem (Doak, 1997, p. 38). These affixes are discussed
Coeur_d'Alene_language
Cause or initiator of an event
language English passive voice Passive voice Patient (grammar) Kroeger, Paul (2005). Analyzing Grammar: An Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Agent_(grammar)
Concept in English grammar
In the traditional grammar of Modern English, a phrasal verb typically constitutes a single semantic unit consisting of a verb followed by a particle
English_phrasal_verbs
Personal pronoun that is used as the subject of a verb
usually has separate subject pronouns for transitive and intransitive verbs: an ergative case pronoun for transitive verbs and an absolutive case pronoun for
Subject_pronoun
Type of morphosyntactic alignment in linguistic typology
claimed to demonstrate tripartite structure in at least some part of their grammar. While tripartite alignments are rare in natural languages, they have proven
Tripartite_alignment
Verbs in Circassian languages can be distinguished between transitivity (intransitive, transitive and ditransitive), and valency (monovalent, bivalent and
Circassian_verb_transitivity
Reference grammar of Modern English, first published 1909–1949
A Modern English Grammar on Historical Principles (MEG) is a seven-volume reference grammar of Modern English, largely written by Otto Jespersen. The first
A Modern English Grammar on Historical Principles
A_Modern_English_Grammar_on_Historical_Principles
Grammar of standard Tibetian
Tibetan grammar describes the morphology, syntax and other grammatical features of Lhasa Tibetan, a Sino-Tibetan language. Lhasa Tibetan is typologically
Modern_Lhasa_Tibetan_grammar
Disputes over "correct" grammar and style
afraid") – criticized by grammarians in the 1600s by analogy with Latin grammar and by some teachers since, though many have always accepted it as part
English_usage_controversies
Aspect of verb grammar
apply to action verbs? 2. Transitivity: Does the causative apply to only intransitives, to intransitives and some transitives, or to all verbs? (b) Parameters
Causative
Latest stage of the Egyptian language
Introductory Coptic Grammar. London: Home & Van Thal. Reintges, Chris H. (2004). Coptic Egyptian (Sahidic dialect): a learner's grammar. Cologne: Rüdiger
Coptic_language
Grammar of the Tamil language
Much of Tamil grammar is extensively described in the oldest available grammar book for Tamil, the Tolkāppiyam (dated between 300 BCE and 300 CE). Modern
Tamil_grammar
Grammatical category indicating truth or falsehood
In linguistics and grammar, affirmation (abbreviated aff) and negation (neg) are ways in which grammar encodes positive and negative polarity into verb
Affirmation_and_negation
Linguistic terminology
all languages. Dependency grammars sometimes call arguments actants, following Lucien Tesnière (1959). The area of grammar that explores the nature of
Argument_(linguistics)
Grammatical features of Cahuilla
The grammar of Cahuilla is agglutinative, head-marking, and makes extensive use of compounding, and derivation. That is, it can add many different prefixes
Cahuilla_grammar
Grammatical category for new or contrastive information
of View, New York: Academic Press Halliday, M. A. K. (1967), Notes on Transitivity and Theme in English, New York: Academic Press Weil, H. (1887), The order
Focus_(linguistics)
English words that indicate a question is being asked, as a grammatical category
Cambridge Grammar of the English Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-43146-0. Aarts, Bas (2011). Oxford Modern English Grammar. Oxford:
English_interrogative_words
Word or phrase separable from adjacent syntax
Edition Huddleston, Rodney; Pullum, Geoffrey K. (2002). The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. pp
Absolute_construction
Grammar of the Polish language
The grammar of the Polish language is characterized by a high degree of inflection, and has relatively free word order, although the dominant arrangement
Polish_grammar
Grammar of the Navajo language
prefixes of position 9 (the closest to the verb stem) that affect the transitivity of the verb, in that they are valence and voice markers. Calling them
Navajo_grammar
Language theory
Indexed grammars are a generalization of context-free grammars in that nonterminals are equipped with lists of flags, or index symbols. The language produced
Indexed_grammar
speech. The following verbs show differences in transitivity between BrE and AmE: agree: Transitive or intransitive in BrE, usually intransitive (except
American and British English grammatical differences
American_and_British_English_grammatical_differences
Use of the pronoun you to refer to an unspecified person
In English grammar, the personal pronoun you can often be used in the place of one, the singular impersonal pronoun, in colloquial speech. The generic
Generic_you
Courtesy form of address
-ly Irregular verbs Modal verbs Passive voice Phrasal verbs Verb usage Transitivity Syntax Agreement Clauses in English Conditional sentences Copula Do-support
English_honorifics
Semantic feature of noun phrases in linguistics
house" In some languages, the definiteness of the object affects the transitivity of the verb. In the absence of peculiar specificity marking, it also
Definiteness
Part of speech that conveys an action
Phrase structure rules Sentence (linguistics) Syntax Tense–aspect–mood Transitivity (grammatical category) Verb argument Verb framing Verbification Verb
Verb
Grammatical construction such as 'not nothing'
as 1762, when Bishop Robert Lowth wrote A Short Introduction to English Grammar with Critical Notes. For instance, "I don't disagree" could mean "I certainly
Double_negative
Class of words expressing spatiotemporal relations or semantic roles
Cairo: Criminal Brief. Fogarty, Mignon (4 March 2010). "Top Ten Grammar Myths". Grammar Girl: Quick and Dirty Tips for Better Writing. Archived from the
Adposition
Grammar of the French language
French grammar is the set of rules by which the French language creates statements, questions and commands. In many respects, it is quite similar to that
French_grammar
Words supplying mainly grammatical information, rather than content information
function/structure words from content/lexical words has been highly influential in the grammar used in second-language acquisition and English-language teaching. Function
Function_word
Property of items within the grammar of a language
grammatical category or grammatical feature is a property of items within the grammar of a language. Within each category there are two or more possible values
Grammatical_category
Grammatical construction in the English language
-ly Irregular verbs Modal verbs Passive voice Phrasal verbs Verb usage Transitivity Syntax Agreement Clauses in English Conditional sentences Copula Do-support
..._Not!
object, tense, direction, negation and more. Verbs are classified by transitivity and valency — how many arguments they take, and in which cases — into
Verb conjugations in Circassian
Verb_conjugations_in_Circassian
Grammatical features of Classical Nahuatl
its phonological shape and transitivity. The variants in -hua are most common for intransitive verbs, and -lō for transitive ones, whereas -lo-hua is suffixed
Classical_Nahuatl_grammar
Grammar of the Arabic language
Arabic grammar (Arabic: النَّحْوُ العَرَبِيُّ) is the grammar of the Arabic language. Arabic is a Semitic language and its grammar has many similarities
Arabic_grammar
Grammar of the Standard Chinese language
The grammar of Standard Chinese shares many features with other varieties of Chinese. The language almost entirely lacks inflection; words typically have
Chinese_grammar
Phrase that can be removed, preserving grammatical correctness
Some dependency grammars, for instance, employ the term circonstant (instead of adjunct), following Tesnière (1959). The area of grammar that explores the
Adjunct_(grammar)
Grammar of the Turkish language
Turkic languages, is a highly agglutinative language, in that much of the grammar is expressed by means of suffixes added to nouns and verbs. It is also
Turkish_grammar
Grammatical features of Esperanto
of the verb and must simply be memorized. Transitivity is changed with the affixes -ig- (the transitivizer or causative) and -iĝ- (the intransitivizer
Esperanto_grammar
Primary tenets
function involves inquiring into the choices in the grammatical system of "transitivity": that is, process types, participant types, circumstance types, combined
Systemic_functional_grammar
Linguistic description of the structure of ASL
this one verb. Aspect is unusual in ASL in that transitive verbs derived for aspect lose their transitivity. That is, while you can sign 'dog chew bone'
American Sign Language grammar
American_Sign_Language_grammar
Sentence with two or more simultaneous agents and patients
Transitivity and valency Transitivity Intransitive verb Transitive verb Ambitransitive verb Valency Impersonal (Avalent) Intransitive verb (Monovalent)
Reciprocal_construction
Inuit language spoken in Greenland
encoded by other means. According to some authors, morphology related to transitivity such as the use of the construction sometimes called antipassive or intransitive
Greenlandic_language
Athabaskan language spoken in British Columbia
[ɬ] and [d] regulate transitivity: [ɬ] increases transitivity by creating causatives and the [d] classifier lowers transitivity to create middle voice
Babine-Witsuwitʼen_language
Semantic role
typically affixed with the particle o (hiragana を) when used with active transitive verbs, and the particle ga (hiragana が) when used with inactive intransitive
Patient_(grammar)
Structural rules governing Singlish
Singlish grammar is the set of structural rules Colloquial Singaporean English follows, including the structure of words, phrases, clauses, and sentences
Singlish_grammar
Grammar of the Italian language
Italian grammar is the body of rules describing the properties of the Italian language. Italian words can be divided into the following lexical categories:
Italian_grammar
Chukotko-Kamchatkan language of northeast Russia
jazyka [Grammar of the Chukchi Language] (in Russian). Vol. 1. Leningrad: Nauka. Skorik, P. J. (1977). Grammatika čukotskogo jazyka [Grammar of the Chukchi
Chukchi_language
Grammar of the Central Atlas Tamazight Berber variety
The grammar of Central Atlas Tamazight (also referred to as just Tamazight) has a two-gender (tawsit) system, VSO typology, emphatic consonants (realized
Central Atlas Tamazight grammar
Central_Atlas_Tamazight_grammar
How clauses compose sentences in grammar and syntax
the example sentence in transformational grammar is actually "She made a pie for me". Subject + Verb (transitive) + Object + Object Complement Example:
Sentence_clause_structure
Grammatical voice in the English language
into passive voice forms, because doing so "... ...sometimes leads to bad grammar, false idiom, or clumsiness." In 1946, in the essay "Politics and the English
English_passive_voice
Grammar of the Kannada language
Kannada does not morphologically distinguish transitivity, the absence of a marked object for a normally transitive (sakarmaka) verb to be understood as intransitive
Kannada_grammar
Austronesian language of Guam and the Mariana Islands
even though it remains independent and unique. In his Chamorro Reference Grammar, Donald M. Topping states: The most notable influence on Chamorro language
Chamorro_language
Course Book in English Grammar. Palgrave, London. pp. 149–150. ISBN 978-1-349-24079-1. For example, Jacqueline Morton, English Grammar for Students of French
Uses_of_English_verb_forms
English words "the", "a(n)", and sometimes "some"
proximity (this, those), or possession (my, the government's). English grammar requires that, in most cases, a singular, countable noun phrase start with
English_articles
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