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Trade globalization is a type of economic globalization and a measure (economic indicator) of economic integration. On a national scale, it loosely represents
Trade_globalization
Increasing worldwide interdependence
free-trade agreements List of global issues List of globalization-related indices List of globalization-related journals List of multilateral free-trade agreements
Globalization
International economic globalization
Economic globalization is one of the three main dimensions of globalization commonly found in academic literature, with the two others being political
Economic_globalization
Early modern globalization
Proto-globalization or early modern globalization is a period of the history of globalization roughly spanning the years between 1500 and 1800, following
Proto-globalization
official sources". TheGlobalEconomy.com. [s.n.] (2015). World trade and the WTO: 1995-2014. World Trade Organization: International Trade Statistics. Accessed
List of countries by trade-to-GDP ratio
List_of_countries_by_trade-to-GDP_ratio
Advocacy for globalization models prioritizing human rights, environment, and fairness
Alter-globalization (also known as alter-globo, alternative globalization or alter-mundialization — from the French: alter-mondialisation) is a social
Alter-globalization
Worldwide political movement against multinational corporations
The anti-globalization movement, or counter-globalization movement, is a social movement critical of economic globalization. The movement is also commonly
Anti-globalization_movement
Historical period of globalization
Archaic globalization is a phase in the history of globalization, and conventionally refers to globalizing events and developments from the time of the
Archaic_globalization
Skepticism of the claimed benefits of globalization
of globalization is skepticism of the claimed benefits of globalization (or Globalisation). Many of these views are held by the anti-globalization movement
Criticisms_of_globalization
globalization (also known as historical globalization) are the subject of ongoing debate. Though many scholars situate the origins of globalization in
History_of_globalization
Transmission of ideas, meanings and values around the world
being economic globalization and political globalization. However, unlike economic and political globalization, cultural globalization has not been the
Cultural_globalization
World's first major period of globalization of trade and finance
"First globalization" is a phrase used by economists to describe the world's first major period of globalization of trade and finance, which took place
First_globalization
Exchange across international borders
are also traded, such as in tourism, banking, consulting, and transportation. Advanced technology (including transportation), globalization, industrialization
International_trade
International trade of waste between countries
The global waste trade is the international trade of waste between countries for further treatment, disposal, or recycling. Toxic or hazardous wastes
Global_waste_trade
Growth of the worldwide political system
other being economic globalization and cultural globalization. William R. Thompson has defined it as "the expansion of a global political system, and
Political_globalization
Overview of and topical guide to globalization
and topical guide to the broad, interdisciplinary subject of globalization: Globalization (or globalisation) – processes of international integration arising
Outline_of_globalization
International practices on environmental protection
environmental globalization is in direct opposition to economic globalization, particularly when the latter is described as encouraging trade, and the former
Environmental_globalization
American nonprofit advocacy group
globalization. In 2022, Melinda St. Louis succeeded Wallach as director of GTW. The GTW monitors the World Trade Organization (WTO) and other trade agreements
Global_Trade_Watch
Global black market
The illegal drug trade is the global black market dedicated to the cultivation, manufacture, distribution, and sale of prohibited drugs; Drug trafficking
Illegal_drug_trade
Terms that denote two groups of countries
perceptions of the relationship between globalization and inequality. Yet some remain critical of the accuracy of globalization as a model of the world economy
Global_North_and_Global_South
Increase in globalization since the 1990s
Hyper-globalization is the dramatic change in the size, scope, and velocity of globalization that began in the late 1990s and that continues into the beginning
Hyper-globalization
study of globalization include the following: Antipode Development and Change Economic Geography Global Affairs Global Education Magazine Global Environmental
List of globalization-related journals
List_of_globalization-related_journals
Economic policy of restricting imports
Criticisms of globalization Developmentalism Economic nationalism Globalization Government procurement Imperial Preference International trade Mercantilism
Protectionism
City important to the world economy
thesis that globalization has created a hierarchy of strategic geographic locations with varying degrees of influence over finance, trade, and culture
Global_city
Social movement towards global democracy
others, it is just democratic globalization by another name. The term is often used against the idea of 'elite globalization', which is considered a process
Democratic_globalization
Study of global macro-processes
Globalism – Group of ideologies that advocate the concept of globalization Globalization – Increasing worldwide interdependence International relations –
Global_studies
Absence of government restriction on international trade
Concepts/topics Economic globalization – International economic globalization Fair trade – Sustainable and equitable trade Free market – Form of market-based
Free_trade
Trade in goods or services deemed illegal
organizations assert that globalization has led to a significant increase of illicit trade, and that it has become a significant global threat. However, some
Illicit_trade
Maastricht Globalization Index Networked Readiness Index OECD Better Life Index Press Freedom Index Small Arms Survey Social Progress Index Trade-to-GDP ratio
List of globalization-related indices
List_of_globalization-related_indices
Trade report
The Global Enabling Trade Report was first published in 2008 by the World Economic Forum. The 2008 report covers 118 major and emerging economies. At
Global_Enabling_Trade_Report
Process of diminishing global interdependence
over time, and generally spans the time between periods of globalization. While globalization and deglobalization are antitheses, they are not mirror images
Deglobalization
Investment strategy
Global macro trading is an investment strategy that leverages macroeconomic and geopolitical data to analyze and predict moves in financial markets. Large-scale
Global_macro_trading
Institutions of localized monetary exchange
backlash against global capitalism or economic globalization, fiscal localism affords voluntary, market structures that help communities trade more efficiently
Fiscal_localism
Indian-American economist (born 1959)
2016. Trump, Globalization, and Trade’s Uncertain Future, Harvard Business Review, 11 November 2016. People Are Angry About Globalization. Here's What
Pankaj_Ghemawat
Shift of jobs to more inexpensive nations
Global labor arbitrage is an economic phenomenon where, as a result of the removal of or disintegration of barriers to international trade, jobs move to
Global_labor_arbitrage
The Global Trade Exchange (GTX) is, or was, a controversial homeland security intelligence project, related to cross-border trade financial data, being
Global_Trade_Exchange
Journal
Global Governance: A Review of Multilateralism and International Organizations is an academic quarterly journal. It was published by Lynne Rienner Publishers
Global_Governance
Political and economic patterns of the world
At the centre of that field are the different processes of political globalization in relation to questions of social power. The discipline studies the
Global_politics
Academic book by John Baylis, Steve Smith and Patricia Owens
J. Wheeler The Globalization of World Politics: An Introduction to International Relations (8th ed.) at Google Books "The Globalization of World Politics:
The Globalization of World Politics
The_Globalization_of_World_Politics
Series of anti-globalization demonstrations
were a series of anti-globalization protests surrounding the WTO Ministerial Conference of 1999, where members of the World Trade Organization (WTO) convened
1999_Seattle_WTO_protests
Political responses to globalisation
capture the trade-offs that governments faced in their responses to globalization. The trilemma holds that "democracy, national sovereignty and global economic
Political trilemma of the world economy
Political_trilemma_of_the_world_economy
International trade of used clothing
The global trade of secondhand clothing is a long-standing industry, which has been facilitated by the abundance of donated clothing in wealthy countries
Global trade of secondhand clothing
Global_trade_of_secondhand_clothing
jumped species barriers (see zoonosis). Globalization intensified during the Age of Exploration, but trading routes had long been established between
Globalization_and_disease
Restrictions limiting international trade
Trade barriers are government-induced restrictions on international trade. Most trade barriers work on the same principle: the imposition of some sort
Trade_barrier
Type of steam-powered vessel
wind patterns, new trade routes opened up. The steamship has been described as a "major driver of the first wave of trade globalization (1870–1913)" and
Steamship
concept of globalization is hardly new to India. India accounts for 2.7% of world trade (as of 2015), up from 1.2% in 2006 according to the World Trade Organization
Globalization_in_India
Academic journal
Globalization and Health is a peer-reviewed open-access public health journal from BioMed Central that covers the topic of globalization and its effects
Globalization_and_Health
Relationship between multilingualism & globalization
individual or community of speakers. Globalization is commonly defined as the international movement toward economic, trade, technological, and communications
Multilingualism and globalization
Multilingualism_and_globalization
Aspects of globalization
elephant. Similar to the blind scholars, some globalization scholars are too focused on compacting globalization into a singular process and clashes over “which
Dimensions_of_globalization
Less developed, poorer countries
are able to trade successfully on a global scale.[citation needed] Periphery countries as listed in the appendix of "Trade Globalization since 1795: waves
Periphery_countries
Identifier for trade items
The Global Trade Item Number (GTIN) is an identifier for trade items, developed by the international organization GS1. Such identifiers are used to look
Global_Trade_Item_Number
Group of ideologies that advocate the concept of globalization
treated globalism as coterminous with neoliberalism and neoliberal globalization. He argued that, far from being an inevitable force, globalization is already
Globalism
American algorithmic trading firm
The Global Electronic Trading Company (GETCO), or Getco LLC, was an American proprietary algorithmic trading and electronic market making firm based in
Global Electronic Trading Company
Global_Electronic_Trading_Company
American economist
extensively on the trade deficit between the United States and other countries. He has also written on free trade, globalization and industrial decline
Alan_Tonelson
Wide ranging taxes, tariff and trade treaty
support fair trade or safe trade provisions that moderate real and perceived ill effects of globalization. In response to criticism, free trade agreements
Trade_agreement
Complex of buildings in New York City
Properties in July 2001. During its existence, the World Trade Center symbolized globalization and the economic power and prosperity of the United States
World Trade Center (1973–2001)
World_Trade_Center_(1973–2001)
Exchange of goods and services
2017. Retrieved 22 January 2018. Storper, Michael (2000). "Globalization, localization and trade". The Oxford Handbook of Economic Geography: 146–165. "U
Trade
Topics referred to by the same term
companies, and governments worldwide. Globalization may also refer to: Globalization (album), by Pitbull, 2014 Globalizations, a peer-reviewed academic journal
Globalization (disambiguation)
Globalization_(disambiguation)
[citation needed] Globalization International trade International business International politics Seringhaus, F. H. Rolf (1989). "Trade Missions in Exporting:
Trade_mission
Trade Organization (WTO) and its role in promoting economic globalization came as a surprise to many, considering the positive impacts globalization was
Making_Globalization_Work
Contemporary political economic theory
by markets or by a single leading state, as in free market, free trade "globalization" and "hegemony" theories respectively. Instead, geopolitical economy
Geopolitical_economy
Network of organized efforts around international justice
labeled the anti-globalization movement by the mainstream media. Those involved, however, frequently deny that they are anti-globalization, insisting that
Global_justice_movement
Industrializing, low-income countries
Chase-Dunn, Christopher; Kawano, Yukio; Brewer, Benjamin D. (2000). "Trade Globalization since 1795: Waves of Integration in the World-System". American Sociological
Semi-periphery_countries
American political scientist and trade expert (born 1964)
WTO: Five Years of Reasons to Resist Corporate Globalization ISBN 978-1-58322-035-1 2004: Whose Trade Organization?: The Comprehensive Guide to the WTO
Lori_Wallach
World Trade Organization multilateral agreement
that the Trade Facilitation Agreement would reduce trade costs by an average of 14.5%. In turn, this would prospectively improve trade globally by on trillion
Trade_Facilitation_Agreement
The global silver trade between the Americas, Europe, and China from the sixteenth to nineteenth centuries was a spillover of the Columbian exchange which
Global silver trade from the 16th to 19th centuries
Global_silver_trade_from_the_16th_to_19th_centuries
Country with high percentage of international trade commodity
Canadian Trade Policy from Colonialism to Globalization. UBC Press. ISBN 9780774808958. Retrieved 2015-08-25. Evolution of the world's 25 top trading nations
Trading_nation
Global administrative law is an emerging field that is based upon a dual insight: that much of what is usually termed “global governance” can be accurately
Global_administrative_law
Difference between the monetary value of exports and imports
profit shifting Capital surplus Criticisms of globalization Dutch disease Government budget balance Global labor arbitrage List of countries by service
Balance_of_trade
(a colorful phrase by Ross Perot) Global financial system (GFS) Globalization Gold standard Gravity model of trade Gresham's law Heckscher-Ohlin model
Index of international trade articles
Index_of_international_trade_articles
Socialist and labor-oriented opposition to globalization
corporations, and global capitalism. Left-wing antiglobalism is closely linked to the alter-globalization movement, which advocates for "globalization from below"—prioritizing
Left-wing_antiglobalism
Notion of excessive free trade agreements limiting trade
of free trade agreements (FTAs), supplanting multilateral World Trade Organization negotiations as an alternative path toward globalization. The term
Spaghetti_bowl_effect
Global framework for capital flows
of investment and trade financing. Since emerging in the late 19th century during the first modern wave of economic globalization, its evolution is marked
Global_financial_system
Globalization in China discusses the history of globalization in China; including the economic, social, cultural influences that have been integrated
Globalization_in_China
Type of trade bloc
Bangladesh – Bhutan (2020) Anti-globalization movement Bilateral investment treaty (BIT) Criticisms of globalization Trade and Investment Framework Agreement
Preferential_trading_area
Economic theory of international trade
internationalization and globalization. Traditional trade theories including Heckscher–Ohlin–Samuelson theory and the new trade theory à la Krugman exclude trade of intermediates
New_trade_theory
Alternative investments company of UAE
Advanced Global Trading (AGT) was an emissions trading and environmental consultancy firm headquartered in Dubai, United Arab Emirates and with offices
Advanced_Global_Trading
International federation of labor unions
A global union federation (GUF) is an international federation of national trade unions organizing in specific industry sectors or occupational groups
Global_union_federation
Equitable trade reform campaign
consequences of globalization, and in particular of an "unfair" globalization. In the past, the responses sought by critics of the international trade system included
Trade_justice
Foreign affairs department
Trade and Development, but its "applied" name used within government is Global Affairs Canada often shorted in the Canadian media to simply "Global Affairs"
Global_Affairs_Canada
Macroeconomic philosophy
Triadization (or triadisation) is a proposed alternative to the theory of globalization. It states that political, economic and socio-cultural integration have
Triadization
Former global union federation (1926–1946)
The Teachers' International Trade Secretariat or International Trade Secretariat of Teachers (ITST) was a global union federation bringing together unions
Teachers' International Trade Secretariat
Teachers'_International_Trade_Secretariat
Trade bloc in North America (1994–2020)
Gordon H. (April 15, 2007). "Globalization, Labor Income, and Poverty in Mexico". In Harrison, Ann (ed.). Globalization and Poverty. Chicago: University
North American Free Trade Agreement
North_American_Free_Trade_Agreement
Intergovernmental trade organization
Agreement on Trade Related Investment Measures Anti-globalization movement China and the World Trade Organization Criticism of the World Trade Organization
World_Trade_Organization
American quantitative trading firm
multinational quantitative trading firm headquartered in New York City. It employs approximately 3,000 people across its global offices, and trades across
Jane_Street_Capital
Approach emphasizing the world-system as the primary unit of social analysis
W., & Asal, V. (2019). What is driving global obesity trends? Globalization or “modernization”? Globalization & Health, 15(1), N.PAG. Cartwright, Madison
World-systems_theory
2001 book by Johan Norberg
Defense of Global Capitalism (in Swedish: Till världskapitalismens försvar) is a book by Swedish writer Johan Norberg promoting economic globalization and free
In Defense of Global Capitalism
In_Defense_of_Global_Capitalism
Global union federation
(French: Fédération Internationale des Acteurs, FIA) is a global union federation bringing together trade unions representing actors. The federation was established
International Federation of Actors
International_Federation_of_Actors
Translocation of species for human benefit
Biological globalization refers to the phenomenon where domesticated species are brought and cultivated in other favorable environments, facilitated by
Biological_globalization
US-based research institute
The Global Environment & Trade Study (GETS) was a non-profit research institute established in 1994 to study the complex linkages between international
Global Environment and Trade Study
Global_Environment_and_Trade_Study
Inequality between nations' wealth
ISBN 978-981-97-0079-0. Glenn, John (2009). "Welfare Spending in an Era of Globalization: The North-South Divide". International Relations. 23 (1): 27–8, 30–1
International_inequality
Overview of the impact of globalization on women in China
that have taken place in the 20th century as a consequence of globalization. Globalization refers to the interaction and integration of people, products
Globalization and women in China
Globalization_and_women_in_China
Municipality and largest city in China
Alpha+ (global first-tier) city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. As of 2024, it is home to 13 companies of the Fortune Global 500—the
Shanghai
Building in Nairobi
The Global Trade Centre (GTC) is a mixed-use complex in the Westlands suburb of Upper Parklands in Nairobi owned by Nairobi GTC Industry Ltd. The establishment
Nairobi_Global_Trade_Centre
2002 non-fiction book by Joseph E. Stiglitz
Globalization and Its Discontents is a book published in 2002 by the 2001 Nobel laureate Joseph E. Stiglitz. The title is a reference to Freud's Civilization
Globalization and Its Discontents
Globalization_and_Its_Discontents
Economic conflict since 2018
tariffs and other trade barriers on China with the aim of forcing it to make changes to what the US has said are longstanding unfair trade practices and intellectual
China–United_States_trade_war
American Proprietary trading firm
Global Trading Systems, which uses the trade name GTS, is an American proprietary trading and market making firm headquartered in New York. The firm accounts
GTS_(company)
American stock exchange
introduce 24-hour 5-day a week trading on its United States exchange during the second half of 2026 in response to increased global demand for U.S. equities
Nasdaq
American think tank
focuses on heartland regions. The Pulaski institution supports free trade, globalization and liberal democracy and is opposed to nationalism. "PULASKI INSTITUTION
Pulaski_Institution
210 [1] Globalization. (2001). Storbritannien: Duke University Press. p. 240-241 Šmigeľ M. (2020). Metamorphoses of the Circassian Slave Trade (13th–19th
Black_Sea_slave_trade
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