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Leader of Bulgaria from 1956 to 1989
Todor Hristov Zhivkov (Bulgarian: Тодор Христов Живков [ˈtɔdor ˈxristof ˈʒifkof]; 7 September 1911 – 5 August 1998) was a Bulgarian communist politician
Todor_Zhivkov
Final leader of Communist Bulgaria (1989–90); first President of Bulgaria (1990)
National Assembly. He was one of the closest associates to longtime leader Todor Zhivkov. During the 1980s, he became attracted to Mikhail Gorbachev's reform
Petar_Mladenov
Bulgarian businessman (1971–2025)
His mother was the daughter of former Prime Minister and first lady Todor Zhivkov and Mara Maleeva-Zhivkova. He graduated from the First English Language
Todor_Slavkov
Bulgarian physician, and the First Lady of Bulgaria (1954–1971)
physician, and the First Lady of Bulgaria (1954–1971) as the wife of Todor Zhivkov, who was the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Bulgarian
Mara_Maleeva-Zhivkova
Surname list
Zhivkov (Bulgarian: Живков) is a Bulgarian masculine surname; its feminine counterpart is Zhivkova. It may refer to: Todor Zhivkov (1911–1998), Bulgarian
Zhivkov_(disambiguation)
Bulgarian Communist Party, under the leadership of general secretary Todor Zhivkov, used the outbreak of the Prague Spring as a pretext to tighten control
Zhivkov_Constitution
Bulgarian state from 1946 to 1990
and a period of social liberalization and stability followed under Todor Zhivkov. Varying degrees of conservative or liberal influence followed. After
People's_Republic_of_Bulgaria
Ruling party of Bulgaria from 1946 to 1990
deposed.[citation needed] From 1954 until 1989 the party was led by Todor Zhivkov, who was very supportive of the Soviet Union and remained close to its
Bulgarian_Communist_Party
the leadership of the party, more specifically the General-Secretary Todor Zhivkov. These plans were foiled in April 1965 before the coup could be carried
1965_Bulgarian_coup_attempt
Day of the year
Kretschmer, German naval officer and submariner (born 1912) 1998 – Todor Zhivkov, Bulgarian commander and politician, 36th Prime Minister of Bulgaria
August_5
Bulgarian politician (1942–1981)
Politburo member. She was the daughter of Bulgarian Communist leader Todor Zhivkov, and primarily known for her interest in preserving and promoting Bulgarian
Lyudmila_Zhivkova
Bulgarian communist politician, prime minister (1900-1980)
of collective leadership and handed over his post as party leader to Todor Zhivkov. The government also released a large number of political prisoners
Valko_Chervenkov
Bulgarian politician and military leader
role in the ousting of longtime Communist leader Todor Zhivkov in December 1989. Although he and Zhivkov's relationship dated back to the resistance, he
Dobri_Dzhurov
Bulgarian actress and singer
laugh ("Toshko" is the diminutive form of the name Todor in Bulgarian): the Communist leader Todor Zhivkov, the clown Toshko Kozarev and himself. However
Todor_Kolev_(actor)
Name list
Todor (Bulgarian, Macedonian, and Serbian: Тодор/Todor) is a Bulgarian, Macedonian and Serbian given name, a local rendering of the name Theodore. The
Todor
Country in Southeastern Europe
economy saw some experimental market-oriented policies emerging under Todor Zhivkov (1954–1989). Compared to wartime levels, national GDP increased five-fold
Bulgaria
Top-level political division of the Soviet Union
substantial came of it. The leader of the People's Republic of Bulgaria, Todor Zhivkov, suggested in 1963 and again in the early 1970s that the country should
Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union
1989 ethnic cleansing of Turks from Bulgaria
official (and likewise euphemistic) terms employed by the regime of Todor Zhivkov. The Bulgarian government described the forced migrations as the "Big
1989 expulsion of Turks from Bulgaria
1989_expulsion_of_Turks_from_Bulgaria
remained productive and often alleviated agricultural shortages during the Todor Zhivkov era. Bulgaria produced in 2018: 5.8 million tons of wheat; 3.4 million
Agriculture_in_Bulgaria
Assimilation policy in Bulgaria, 1984–1989
a migration that began on May 29, 1989. After party leaders removed Todor Zhivkov on November 10, 1989, the new government under Petar Mladenov restored
Revival_Process
Bilateral relations
forty-one-year-old politburo member, Todor Zhivkov, who had commanded the People's Militia in Sofia at the end of World War II. Zhivkov remained Party Secretary for
Bulgaria–United States relations
Bulgaria–United_States_relations
Cold War coalition of communist states
the day after the mass crossings through the Berlin Wall, the leader Todor Zhivkov was ousted by his Politburo and replaced with Petar Mladenov. In Czechoslovakia
Eastern_Bloc
Leader of Mongolia from 1952 to 1984
the second longest-serving leader of any Eastern Bloc country (after Todor Zhivkov), serving until his expulsion with Soviet support in 1984. He retired
Yumjaagiin_Tsedenbal
Abandoned communist monument house in Bulgaria
23 August 1981. At the opening ceremony, Bulgarian communist leader Todor Zhivkov announced: I am honoured to be in the historical position to open the
Buzludzha_monument
Communist Party: Todor Zhivkov (1954–1989) Chairman of the Presidium: Georgi Traykov (1964–1971) Chairman of the State Council: Todor Zhivkov (1971–1989) Prime
1970s_in_Bulgaria
Bilateral relations
while the repressive nationality policies of the communist era under Todor Zhivkov have been largely mitigated for the other minorities in Bulgaria since
Bulgaria–North Macedonia relations
Bulgaria–North_Macedonia_relations
Town in Sofia Province, Bulgaria
The town is the birthplace of Bulgaria's longtime communist president Todor Zhivkov. The first microprocessor factory in Bulgaria was established in Pravets
Pravets
1975 non-binding European and North American political agreement
Kreisky, Chancellor of Austria Leo Tindemans, Prime Minister of Belgium Todor Zhivkov, Chairman of the State Council of Bulgaria Pierre Trudeau, Prime Minister
Helsinki_Accords
Bulgarian sports executive (1940–2011)
married Lyudmila Zhivkova, daughter of Bulgaria's Communist leader Todor Zhivkov. Despite his unclear qualifications, he was appointed head of the state-controlled
Ivan_Slavkov
Ethnic group
occurred in 1989, when 360,000 left Bulgaria as a result of the communist Todor Zhivkov regime's assimilation campaign, but around 150,000 returned between
Bulgarian_Turks
Spread of Bulgarian culture
death of Stalin, Todor Zhivkov rose to the leadership of the Bulgarian Communist Party and the country by extension. Under Zhivkov, the conception of
Bulgarisation
Weapon used in assassination attempts
September 1978 (the birthday of the Bulgarian State Council chairman Todor Zhivkov, who had often been the target of Georgi Markov's criticism) on Waterloo
Bulgarian_umbrella
Dimitrov), in force between 1947 and 1971, and the Zhivkov Constitution (named after Todor Zhivkov), in force between 1971 and 1991. The constitution
Constitution_of_Bulgaria
Bulgarian dissident writer (1929–1978)
become a successful author. He was among the writers and poets that Todor Zhivkov tried to co-opt and coerce into serving the regime with their works
Georgi_Markov
in March 1954 with the approval of the new leadership in Moscow, and Todor Zhivkov took his place. Chervenkov remained prime minister until April 1955
History_of_Bulgaria
National anthem of Bulgaria
included references to Joseph Stalin. After discussing with Todor Zhivkov, General Secretary Zhivkov accepted the idea. On 29 March 1962, the Council of Ministers
Mila_Rodino
1984 assassination of Indian prime minister
Secretary of the Central Committee of the Bulgarian Communist Party Todor Zhivkov Burma Chairman of the Burma Socialist Programme Party Ne Win Canada
Assassination of Indira Gandhi
Assassination_of_Indira_Gandhi
Revolutionary wave overthrowing most communist states in Europe
hardline communist rulers like East Germany's Erich Honecker, Bulgaria's Todor Zhivkov, Czechoslovakia's Gustáv Husák and Romania's Nicolae Ceaușescu obstinately
Revolutions_of_1989
Bulgarian politician (1854–1895)
April Uprising. Stambolov was, after Stanko Todorov, Boyko Borisov and Todor Zhivkov, one of the country's longest-serving prime ministers. Criticised for
Stefan_Stambolov
1944–1989 communist political alliance
(1967–1972) Georgi Traikov (1972–1974) Pencho Kubadinski (1974–1989) Zhivko Zhivkov (1989–1990) Бонева, Габриела (11 June 2019). "Опозицията и изборите за
Fatherland_Front_(Bulgaria)
Sofia, when I landed by helicopter — provided by the then-president Todor Zhivkov — onto the packed 'Vasil Levski' Stadium, where 122,000 Bulgarians sang
List of most-attended concerts
List_of_most-attended_concerts
Social system with elderly rule
Secretary Enver Hoxha was 76 at death) Bulgaria (General Secretary Todor Zhivkov was 78 at resignation) Czechoslovakia (President Gustáv Husák was 76
Gerontocracy
International multi-sport event for university athletes
336 132 35 38 Soviet Union 9 1977 Sofia 17–28 August 1977 President Todor Zhivkov 10 2,939 2,181 758 101 78 Soviet Union 10 1979 Mexico City 2–13 September
FISU_World_University_Games
List of coups and coup attempts
Party to overthrow Todor Zhivkov and establish an anti-Soviet Communist government was foiled. November 10, 1989 [nl]: Todor Zhivkov was ousted in a palace
List of coups and coup attempts by country
List_of_coups_and_coup_attempts_by_country
Release of Romania from its Soviet satellite status
to be isolated. In the late 1960s, Władysław Gomułka of Poland and Todor Zhivkov of Bulgaria even suggested expelling Romania from the Warsaw Pact over
De-satellization of the Socialist Republic of Romania
De-satellization_of_the_Socialist_Republic_of_Romania
Prime Minister of Bulgaria (1920–1996)
countries to reform. He took part in the removal of long-time party leader Todor Zhivkov from office in 1989. Just before the 1990 elections, Todorov served
Stanko_Todorov
Conference center in Sofia, Bulgaria
of the communist leader of the former People's Republic of Bulgaria Todor Zhivkov. The project was designed by a team of Bulgarian and foreign architects
National_Palace_of_Culture
Libya (under Gaddafi), North Korea (under Kim Il Sung), Bulgaria (under Todor Zhivkov), Poland, Yugoslavia, East Germany, China (under Deng Xiaoping) and
International aid to combatants in the Iran–Iraq War
International_aid_to_combatants_in_the_Iran–Iraq_War
Bulgarian politician
job for six years until overall leader Todor Zhivkov also assumed this role. Yugov, who had criticised Zhivkov for allowing the Bulgarian Great Leap Forward
Anton_Yugov
OF Todor Zhivkov 99.96 414 +93 This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below. PM before PM after Todor Zhivkov OF Todor Zhivkov OF
1966 Bulgarian parliamentary election
1966_Bulgarian_parliamentary_election
President of Bulgaria from 1990 to 1997
1989 Bulgarian Revolution, which ended the 35 year rule of President Todor Zhivkov. A member of the Union of Democratic Forces, he was elected as president
Zhelyu_Zhelev
Republic of Bulgaria. General Secretary of the Bulgarian Communist Party: Todor Zhivkov (1954–1989) Chairman of the Presidium: Dimitar Ganev (1958–1964) Georgi
1960s_in_Bulgaria
+/– OF Todor Zhivkov 99.97 321 +74 This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below. PM before PM after Anton Yugov OF Todor Zhivkov OF
1962 Bulgarian parliamentary election
1962_Bulgarian_parliamentary_election
Ethnolinguistic group of Kashmir
New York: Dorling Kindersley. p. 433. ISBN 0-7566-0520-2. Vlahchev, Todor; Zhivkov, Zoran (2002). "[Hunza - a healthy and a long living people]". Asklepii:
Burusho_people
Political boundary dividing Europe during the Cold War
Bulgaria, the day after the mass crossings across the Berlin Wall, leader Todor Zhivkov was ousted. In the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic, following protests
Iron_Curtain
Leader of Czechoslovakia from 1968 to 1969
Bulgarian leader, Todor Zhivkov, who refused to acknowledge him directly, other Warsaw Pact leaders sent customary congratulations. Zhivkov received a protest
Alexander_Dubček
Bulgaria. In the 1971–1990 period, the chairmen of the State Council — Todor Zhivkov (1971–1989) and Petar Mladenov (1989–1990) — were the heads of state
List of first deputy chairmen of the State Council of Bulgaria
List_of_first_deputy_chairmen_of_the_State_Council_of_Bulgaria
elections were held in Bulgaria on 27 June 1971, the first held under the new Zhivkov Constitution, which had been approved in a referendum held a month earlier
1971 Bulgarian parliamentary election
1971_Bulgarian_parliamentary_election
Leader of East Germany, 1971–1989
to dislike Honecker, and by 1988 was lumping him in with Bulgaria's Todor Zhivkov, Czechoslovakia's Gustáv Husák and Romania's Nicolae Ceaușescu as a
Erich_Honecker
1968 invasion led by the Soviet Union
was going on in Prague. Gomulka, Ulbricht, Bulgarian First Secretary Todor Zhivkov, even Hungarian First Secretary János Kádár, all assessed the Prague
Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia
Warsaw_Pact_invasion_of_Czechoslovakia
Military forces of Bulgaria
suppression of the Prague Spring events. In the meantime, during the rule of Todor Zhivkov, a significant military-industrial complex was established, capable
Bulgarian_Armed_Forces
Resort in Dobrich, Bulgaria
communist officials of the People's Republic of Bulgaria Georgi Traykov, Todor Zhivkov and several others. The resort is 5-km long, 150 m wide beach with fine
Albena
President of Angola from 1975 to 1979
July Plenum in Sofia organised by the Bulgarian Communist Party leader Todor Zhivkov, and also attended by Neto who at the time stayed in Hotel Rila. During
Agostinho_Neto
1982 event in Moscow, Soviet Union
Sizinio Pontes Nogueira · Brazilian ambassador to the Soviet Union Todor Zhivkov · Bulgarian Communist Party general secretary and State Council chairman
Death and state funeral of Leonid Brezhnev
Death_and_state_funeral_of_Leonid_Brezhnev
(former Culture minister; daughter of Todor Zhivkov) Jenny Zhivkova (Member of Parliament; granddaughter of Todor Zhivkov) The Compaoré family Blaise Compaoré
List_of_political_families
Calendar year
September 2 – Romare Bearden, American artist (d. 1988) September 7 – Todor Zhivkov, 36th Prime Minister of Bulgaria (d. 1998) September 9 Paul Goodman
1911
example: in Bulgaria, beginning in 1984, the Communist government led by Todor Zhivkov began implementing a policy of forced assimilation of the ethnic Turkish
History_of_the_Balkans
Highest award of the Soviet Union
awarded 30 December 1936 Georgi Ivanov – first Bulgarian cosmonaut Todor Zhivkov – Socialist president of Bulgaria Aleksandr Panayotov Aleksandrov –
Hero_of_the_Soviet_Union
Bulgarian politician (1898–1975)
of state until 7 July 1971, when the leader of the communist party, Todor Zhivkov, took that position as the Chairman of the State Council. Nearly a year
Georgi_Traykov
Ethnic group
of the BCP in March 1963 Todor Zhivkov finally denounces any notion of “a separate Macedonian nation” in Bulgaria. Zhivkov asserted there was no separate
Ethnic Macedonians in Bulgaria
Ethnic_Macedonians_in_Bulgaria
Bilateral relations
Chairman of the State Council of the People's Republic of Bulgaria Todor Zhivkov visited Mongolia in June 1985 at the invitation of the General Secretary
Bulgaria–Mongolia_relations
Anti-Ottoman revolt in the Balkans (1903)
strict nationalization of the historical narrative during the time of Todor Zhivkov." In Bulgaria, it is officially called by that term, considered as a
Ilinden–Preobrazhenie Uprising
Ilinden–Preobrazhenie_Uprising
Ongoing accession process of North Macedonia to the EU
in ideological positions dating back to the communist period under Todor Zhivkov. Concerning the Macedonian language, Bulgaria advises the EU to avoid
Accession of North Macedonia to the European Union
Accession_of_North_Macedonia_to_the_European_Union
Bulgarian politician (1933–2022)
Prime Minister from 1986 to 1990. Atanasov supported the move to oust Todor Zhivkov as Chairman of the State Council, joining Petar Mladenov in leading
Georgi_Atanasov_(politician)
Period of Bulgarian history that begins after the fall of Communism in 1990
communist politicians reacted by eventually voting for the removal of Todor Zhivkov as a communist party and country head and replacing him with Petar Mladenov
History of Bulgaria (1990–present)
History_of_Bulgaria_(1990–present)
1964–1979 conflict in Southern Africa
World. ISSN 0015-7120. Retrieved 30 November 2019. "Robert Mugabe and Todor Zhivkov". Wilson Center. 29 May 2012. Retrieved 30 November 2019. "Soviet and
Rhodesian_Bush_War
Bulgarian Communist Party: Todor Zhivkov (1954–1989) Petar Mladenov (1989–1990) Chairman of the State Council: Todor Zhivkov (1971–1989) Petar Mladenov
1980s_in_Bulgaria
Most important and highly endowed Order of Merit of the German Democratic Republic (GDR)
Alexander Schalck-Golodkowski, Willi Stoph, Josip Broz Tito, Markus Wolf, Todor Zhivkov 1975: Edmund Collein, Werner Eggerath, Horst Sindermann, Aleksandr Vasilevsky
Order_of_Karl_Marx
Decade of the Gregorian calendar (1990–1999)
1974–80), President of Hellenic Republic (1980–85, 1990–95) August 5,1998: Todor Zhivkov, General Secretary of the Bulgarian Communist Party (1954–89) November
1990s
Centre-left Bulgarian political party
to its more left-wing members and restored the party membership of Todor Zhivkov, who ruled the country for over 30 years during the socialist period
Bulgarian_Socialist_Party
Institution in communist states
Vladimir Bonev, the chair of the Bulgarian SSOP, read aloud a letter from Todor Zhivkov, the general secretary of the Central Committee of the Bulgarian Communist
Supreme_state_organ_of_power
Prime Minister of Bulgaria (1934–35, 1944–46)
the Central Sofia Cemetery with state honours, with Prime Minister Todor Zhivkov attending the ceremony. From 1962 until his death in 1969 Kimon Georgiev
Kimon_Georgiev
Museum in Sofia, Bulgaria
forth. Within the museum hall there are sculptures of communist leaders Todor Zhivkov, Vladimir Lenin, and Joseph Stalin. Some of the exhibits with artistic
Museum_of_Socialist_Art
1970, he graduated with honors and was awarded an honorary prize by Todor Zhivkov, Chairman of the State Council—an exceptionally rare distinction for
Georgi_Yanakiev
1964 7 July 1971 7 years, 75 days BZNS Chairman of the State Council Todor Zhivkov Тодор Живков 1911–1998 (Lived: 86 years) — 7 July 1971 17 November 1989
List of heads of state of Bulgaria
List_of_heads_of_state_of_Bulgaria
Leader of Cuba from 1959 to 2011
Polish first secretary Władysław Gomułka, Bulgarian first secretary Todor Zhivkov, Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser, and Indian premier Jawaharlal
Fidel_Castro
boycott decision was made by Bulgarian Communist Party General Secretary Todor Zhivkov and only communicated to the members of the BOC later that same day
1984_Summer_Olympics_boycott
Russian activist and KGB general (born 1934)
Bulgarian writer Georgi Markov. It had been accomplished on a request from Todor Zhivkov and then an order by the KGB chief, Yuri Andropov. In 1980, Kalugin
Oleg_Kalugin
Motorway in Bulgaria
attended by the First Secretary of the Bulgarian Communist Party (BCP), Todor Zhivkov. The Pravets–Yablanitsa section of the Hemus motorway was officially
Hemus_motorway
Prime Minister of Bulgaria from 1997 to 2001
of the Berlin Wall and the fall of the Bulgarian communist leader, Todor Zhivkov. Kostov became an economic expert for the Union of Democratic Forces
Ivan_Kostov
Political system
Retrieved 12 April 2026. "Chairman of the State Council of Bulgaria, Todor Zhivkov". State capital Wiesbaden. Retrieved 12 April 2026. Thomas Carothers
Authoritarianism
Order of chivalry in Greece
Winnington-Ingram Sergei Witte Duke Eugen of Württemberg (1846–1877) Basil Zaharoff Todor Zhivkov Zog I of Albania August zu Eulenburg Emmanouil Zymvrakakis Emir Abdelkader
Order_of_the_Redeemer
2024 Italian film by Andrea Segre
Tatò [it] Nikolay Danchev as Leonid Brezhnev Svetoslav Dobrev [bg] as Todor Zhivkov Luca Lazzareschi as Alessandro Natta Lucio Patanè as Gianni Cervetti [it]
The_Great_Ambition
Political ideology combining nationalism with communism
Lyudmila Zhivkova, the daughter of Todor Zhivkov combined cultural nationalism with Marxism-Leninism, while Todor Zhikov openly rejected nationalism,
National_communism
1963 Lubomir Dimitrov Popov Todor Zhivkov Lyndon B. Johnson August 30, 1965 September 1, 1965 Luben Guerassimov Todor Zhivkov Lyndon B. Johnson November
List of ambassadors of Bulgaria to the United States
List_of_ambassadors_of_Bulgaria_to_the_United_States
Month of 1965
and military leaders, was to force the overthrow of Secretary General Todor Zhivkov and his allies at the April 14 Central Committee meeting. Ultimately
April_1965
Bulgarian politician and philosopher (1933–2013)
the party. After the death of Lyudmila Zhivkova (General Secretary Todor Zhivkov's daughter) in 1981, Lilov's power began to wane. In 1983 he was removed
Aleksandar_Lilov
Bulgarian politician (1938–1996)
wing of the BCP, and took part in the overthrow of longtime leader Todor Zhivkov. He became prime minister on 3 February 1990. This office he held until
Andrey_Lukanov
Todor Zhivkov Todor Aleksandrov Georgi Benkovski Dame Gruev Gotse Delchev Tsanko Dyustabanov Hadzhi Dimitar Ilarion Dragostinov Panayot Hitov Todor Kableshkov
List_of_Bulgarians
25th anniversary
Zedong of China 1974 Leader Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal of Mongolia 1977 Leader Todor Zhivkov of Bulgaria 1979 Leader Janos Kadar of Hungary 1981 President Urho Kekkonen
Silver_jubilee
TODOR ZHIVKOV
TODOR ZHIVKOV
Girl/Female
Hindu
Sweet odor, Sweet smell, Aura, Fragrance
Boy/Male
Greek
Gracious gift.
Boy/Male
Welsh Greek
God's gift.
Boy/Male
German, Greek
Gift from God
Boy/Male
Anglo Saxon
Sky.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Odor. Scent.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Sweet odor, Sweet smell, Aura, Fragrance
Boy/Male
Muslim
Odor. Scent.
Boy/Male
Australian, Basque, German, Greek
Gracious Gift; Given by God
Male
Scandinavian
Scandinavian form of Latin Theodorus, TEODOR means "gift of God."
Girl/Female
Muslim
Sweet odor, Sweet smell, Aura, Fragrance
Boy/Male
Australian, Czechoslovakian, Danish, French, German, Greek, Polish, Romanian, Spanish, Swedish
Gift of God; God's Gift
Girl/Female
Tamil
Sweet odor, Sweet smell, Aura, Fragrance
Boy/Male
Polish Spanish
Boy/Male
Australian
Iron
Girl/Female
Hindu
Sweet odor, Sweet smell, Aura, Fragrance
Boy/Male
Spanish
God. Abbreviation of names like Mateo and Teodor.
Male
English
Anglicized form of Welsh Tudur, TUDOR means "first of the people; king of nations."
Boy/Male
Spanish
God. Abbreviation of names like Mateo and Teodor.
Girl/Female
Muslim
Sweet odor, Sweet smell, Aura, Fragrance
TODOR ZHIVKOV
TODOR ZHIVKOV
TODOR ZHIVKOV
TODOR ZHIVKOV
TODOR ZHIVKOV
TODOR ZHIVKOV
TODOR ZHIVKOV