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Rings of upright wooden posts
In archaeology, timber circles are rings of upright wooden posts, built mainly by ancient peoples in the British Isles and North America. They survive
Timber_circle
Bronze Age monuments in Norfolk, England
English county of Norfolk. A timber circle with an upturned tree root in the centre, Seahenge, along with the nearby timber circle Holme II, was built in the
Seahenge
Neolithic monument in County Meath, Ireland
large timber circle (or henge) was built to the southeast of the main mound, and a smaller timber circle to the west. The eastern timber circle consisted
Newgrange
Neolithic henge and timber circle monument near Stonehenge
Woodhenge is a Neolithic Class II henge and timber circle monument within the Stonehenge World Heritage Site in Wiltshire, England. It is 2 miles (3.2 km)
Woodhenge
Type of Neolithic earthwork
featured stone or timber circles, and circle henge is sometimes used to describe these structures. The three largest stone circles in Britain (Avebury
Henge
Neolithic henge monument in Scotland
25 metres (82 ft) wide timber circle of 16 wooden posts. Two especially large portal timbers stood on the west side of the circle. It is likely that the
Balfarg
Late Neolithic palisaded enclosure
others apparently modified to hold massive timbers, interpreted as belonging to a 1.2-mile-wide (1.9 km) circle or circuit of 10-metre (33 ft) pits of Neolithic
Durrington_Walls
Pre-Columbian Native American culture
were used to outline designs for tattooing. Postholes from a number of timber circles have been found during excavations of Adena culture causewayed ring
Adena_culture
Archaeological period, last part of the Stone Age (New Stone Age)
be the oldest known human-made place of worship. At least seven stone circles, covering 25 acres (10 ha), contain limestone pillars carved with animals
Neolithic
Prehistoric period: Copper Age
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Chalcolithic
Archaeological site in Ohio, US
separate smaller circular enclosure that contained the remains of a timber circle. To the east of the main enclosure on a high terrace overlooking the
Stubbs_Earthworks
Prehistoric monument in England
same time, a large timber circle and a second avenue were constructed at Durrington Walls overlooking the River Avon. The timber circle was oriented towards
Stonehenge
Dwelling
demand from the Education Act 1944 Laing hut – a prefabricated lightweight timber wall sections bolted together, externally clad with plasterboard and felt;
Hut
Crops native to the New World
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
New_World_crops
Archaeological complex in County Meath, Ireland
2000 BC. During the late Neolithic or early Bronze Age, a huge double timber circle or "wood henge" was built on the hilltop. It was 250m in diameter and
Hill_of_Tara
Place for a fire to heat the home and to cook food, usually of masonry
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Hearth
Earth blocks for construction
strength and durability. Nevertheless, in some warm regions with very little timber available to fuel a kiln, mudbricks continued to be in use. Mudbricks remain
Mudbrick
Prehistoric period, second part of the Stone Age
the "Neolithic package" (including farming, herding, polished stone axes, timber longhouses and pottery) spread into Europe, the Mesolithic way of life was
Mesolithic
Prehistoric ivory sculpture discovered in the Hohlenstein-Stadel, a cave in Germany
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Lion-man
Ring of standing stones
A stone circle is a ring of megalithic standing stones. Most are found in Northwestern Europe – especially Stone circles in the British Isles and Brittany
Stone_circle
Surgically drilling a hole in the skull
by a circular trephine or crown saw Burr hole done by drilling several circle holes closely to create a space and then cut/chisel the bone between the
Trepanning
Axe specifically designed for combat
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Battle_axe
Calendar based only on the Moon
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Lunar_calendar
Prehistoric period, first part of the Stone Age
reached, and by c. 27,000 BP humans were present in Siberia, above the Arctic Circle. By the end of the Upper Paleolithic Age humans had crossed Beringia and
Paleolithic
Earliest subdivision of the Paleolithic
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Lower_Paleolithic
Prehistoric period before metal tools
Grotte du Lazaret, Nice, France. A structure with a roof supported with timber, discovered in Dolní Věstonice, the Czech Republic, dates to around 23,000
Stone_Age
Class II henge. Catholme ceremonial complex, Neolithic henge enclosure, timber circle and pit alignments Castle Dykes Henge, Neolithic Class I henge. Drove
List of prehistoric structures in Great Britain
List_of_prehistoric_structures_in_Great_Britain
Images carved on a rock surface as a form of rock art
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Petroglyph
Type of earth shelter with ancient origins
grubenhäuser did not have suspended floors at all. A gabled roof supported by the timber posts covered the hut, which likely had no windows and had a single entrance
Pit-house
Type of house with a circular plan, usually with a conical roof
characteristics of such structures by the layout of the postholes, although a few timbers were found preserved in bogs. The rest has been postulated by experimental
Roundhouse_(dwelling)
Neolithic sculpture found in Turkey
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Seated_Woman_of_Çatalhöyük
Afro-Eurasian Middle Paleolithic culture
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Mousterian
Series of timber circles at the Cahokia archaeological site, US
The Cahokia Woodhenge was a series of large timber circles located roughly 850 metres (2,790 ft) to the west of Monks Mound at the Mississippian culture
Cahokia_Woodhenge
Period of human history before records
and may thus be the first known instance of agriculture. c. 9,000 BCE – Circles of T-shaped stone pillars erected at Göbekli Tepe in the Southeastern Anatolia
Prehistory
First epoch of the Quaternary Period
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Pleistocene
Small stone-built coffin-like box, ossua or dolmen
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Cist
Memory aid device
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Tally_stick
Paleolithic artifact from Congo
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Ishango_bone
Prehistoric site in Wiltshire, England
Avebury stone circle Longstones/ Beckhampton Avenue Kennet Avenue Silbury Hill West Kennet Long Barrow The Sanctuary The Sanctuary was a stone and timber circle near
The_Sanctuary
Neolithic henge monument
The Goseck Circle (German: Sonnenobservatorium Goseck) is a Neolithic structure in Goseck in the Burgenlandkreis district in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It
Goseck_Circle
Subdivision of the Paleolithic, or Old Stone Age
called the last ice age). Such changes may have reduced the supply of usable timber and forced people to look at other materials. In addition, flint becomes
Upper_Paleolithic
Aspect of human history
of base campsites. Building a hearth or other fire enclosure, such as a circle of stones, would have been a later development. The ability to make fire
Control of fire by early humans
Control_of_fire_by_early_humans
2008 Alexander, André (2006) "The Lhasa Jokhang – is the world's oldest timber frame building in Tibet?" Web Journal on Cultural Patrimony. University
List of oldest extant buildings
List_of_oldest_extant_buildings
Architectural elements typical of European megalithic structures
suggested to be analogous to later Neolithic and Bronze Age stone and timber circles and henges which also demonstrate an attempt to demarcate a distinct
Megalithic architectural elements
Megalithic_architectural_elements
Old Stone Age musical instruments
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Paleolithic_flute
Neolithic monument, Arran, Scotland
The stone circles are positioned over previous timber circles. A radiocarbon date of 2030 ± 180 BCE has been found for the timber circle at Machrie Moor
Machrie_Moor_Stone_Circles
Archaeological industry of the European Upper Paleolithic
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Gravettian
Prehistoric earthwork
function. With regard to defensive functionality, however, evidence of timber palisades has been found at some sites such as Hambledon Hill. Archaeological
Causewayed_enclosure
Archaeological site in Staffordshire, England
of a timber circle, have been detected. There are about 225 closely spaced postholes; they are positioned so that there are five concentric circles, and
Catholme_ceremonial_complex
Paintings, often prehistoric, on cave walls and ceilings
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Cave_painting
Tool to give more leverage when throwing a spear-like projectile
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Spear-thrower
Peoples who forage or hunt for most or all of their food
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Hunter-gatherer
Castle Holly Solstice Panel in Hovenweep National Monument Moorehead Circle, timber circle in Ohio Octagon Earthworks Serpent Mound Skystone near Naches Trail
List of archaeoastronomical sites by country
List_of_archaeoastronomical_sites_by_country
Archaeological culture
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Oldowan
Middle Eastern Neolithic culture
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Pre-Pottery_Neolithic_A
Upper Paleolithic culture of Europe
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Aurignacian
Implement used for water-borne propulsion
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Oar
Period in Levantine history
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Epipalaeolithic
Period before the First Dynasty of Egypt
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Prehistoric_Egypt
Archaeological site in Turkey
and ovens to escape. Houses had plaster interiors accessed by squared-off timber ladders or steep stairs. These were usually on the south wall of the room
Çatalhöyük
Paleolithic artefact from South Africa
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Lebombo_bone
Archaeological site in Louisiana, US
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Watson_Brake
Fossil site in San Diego County, California
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Cerutti_Mastodon_site
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Stone_tool
Megalithic tradition of monuments
monuments of various kinds. These include not only stone circles, but also earthen henges and timber circles. This transition toward circular monuments had symbolic
Stone circles in the British Isles and Brittany
Stone_circles_in_the_British_Isles_and_Brittany
Caves in France containing Paleolithic paintings
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Lascaux
Stone tool manufacturing
axes were a staple tool, not just for clearance but also for wood working timber for houses, boats and other structures. Flint was probably the most widely
Langdale_axe_industry
Earlier part of the Neolithic period in Southwest Asia
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Pre-Pottery_Neolithic
Simple curve of Euclidean geometry
and circuit are closely related. Prehistoric people made stone circles and timber circles, and circular elements are common in petroglyphs and cave paintings
Circle
Archaeological industry of the European Upper Paleolithic
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Solutrean
Act of shaping stone materials
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Stone_carving
Room used by Puebloans for religious rituals and political meetings
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Kiva
Archaeological culture associated with Homo erectus
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Acheulean
Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic cultures
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Magdalenian
Mound of earth and stones raised over graves
that as Attila's body was lying in state, the best horsemen of the Huns circled it, as in circus games. An Old Irish Life of Columcille reports that every
Tumulus
Typological classification of stone tools
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Industry_(archaeology)
Transition of human species to anthropologically modern behavior
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Behavioral_modernity
Late Neolithic European archaeological culture
dolmen Rondel Round barrow Simple dolmen Statue menhir Stone circle Stone row Timber circle Tor enclosure Unchambered long barrow Technology Grooved ware
Hamangia_culture
Petrospheres from late Neolithic Scotland
artefacts. The core distribution also reflects that of the Recumbent stone circles. As objects they are very easy to transport and a few have been found on
Carved_stone_balls
Original agricultural crops
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Founder_crops
Archaeological site in Kanazawa, Japan
However, during the 1980 survey a ring of wooden columns forming a timber circle was discovered in conjunction with a land development project. In the
Chikamori_Site
Type of Bronze Age chamber tomb
with no formal means of access from the outside. In both sub-types a stone circle surrounds the whole tomb and a kerb often runs around the cairn. The standing
Clava_cairn
Prehistoric tool
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Celt_(tool)
Neolithic culture in upper Mesopotamia and the Levant c. 8800–6500 BC
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Pre-Pottery_Neolithic_B
Archaeological site in Armenia
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Areni-1_winery
Late Bronze Age artefact made of thin gold leaf
ornaments contain mostly buckle and circle motifs, most with a circular central buckle surrounded by up to six concentric circles. One of the bands is distinctive:
Berlin_Gold_Hat
Distinctive type of stone knapping technique used by ancient humans
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Levallois_technique
Throwing weapon
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Throwing_stick
Shallow cave-like opening at the base of a bluff or cliff
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Rock_shelter
Prehistoric culture in modern Russia
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Samara_culture
Upper Paleolithic stone tool
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Grattoir_de_côté
Type of megalithic tomb
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Passage_grave
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Art_of_the_Middle_Paleolithic
Items buried along with the body
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Grave_goods
Music produced in preliterate cultures (prehistory)
lithophones, of the acoustics of ritual sites such as chamber tombs and stone circles, and the exploration of prehistoric instruments using acoustic testing
Prehistoric_music
European archaeological culture, 2800–1800 BC
méditerranéennes (8). doi:10.4000/pm.2286. Gibson, Alex (1992). "The timber circle at Sarn-y-Bryn-Caled, Welshpool, Powys: Ritual and sacrifice in Bronze
Bell_Beaker_culture
Tool created from bone
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Bone_tool
Flint mine
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Grime's_Graves
Oldest form of prehistoric art
Megalithic architectural elements Midden Oldest extant buildings Timber circle Timber trackway Sweet Track Arts and culture Material goods Baskets Beadwork
Art_of_the_Upper_Paleolithic
Stone circle and henge in Wiltshire, England
Neolithic and Early Bronze Age. The stone circle tradition was accompanied by the construction of timber circles and earthen henges, reflecting a growing
Tisbury Stone Circle and Henge
Tisbury_Stone_Circle_and_Henge
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